Cutter head structure adjusting device of rock tube push bench

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter head structure adjusting device of a rock pipe jacking machine, and belongs to the field of tunneling equipment. The cutter head structure adjusting device of the rock pipe jacking machine comprises a machine head and a cutter head body installed on the machine head, a plurality of overexcavation cutter frame assemblies are arranged on the cutter head body, and each overexcavation cutter frame assembly comprises a rotating shaft installed on the cutter head body, a cutter installed on the rotating shaft, a first elastic supporting assembly and a second elastic supporting assembly; the cutters are rotationally installed on the cutter head body through a rotating shaft, the first elastic supporting assembly comprises a torsional spring arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode and a push plate fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, the push plate is reset through the torsional spring after rotating, the second elastic supporting assembly comprises a spring movably connected to the push plate, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the spring is compressed through the push plate. By means of the cutterhead retreating technology, the pipe jacking machine can retreat safely; and meanwhile, rollback in some complex environments is facilitated to help escape or follow-up construction operation is facilitated, and the construction safety and the construction efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring equipment, and in particular to a cutterhead structure adjustment device for a rock jacking machine. Background Technology

[0002] Pipe jacking technology is one of the key technologies in underground engineering construction, characterized by safety, reliability, environmental friendliness, and strong adaptability. However, due to the immaturity of development in rock pipe jacking machines, jacking construction techniques, and supporting auxiliary system design, domestic pipe jacking technology is mostly used in soil or rock masses with weak lithology. Among these components, the cutting head, cutterhead, propulsion mechanism, and control system are key parts of the rock pipe jacking machine. Using a ring-shaped cutterhead, it can perform tunneling operations in soil layers. During operation, the cutterhead rotates, and conical blades cut the soil layer and feed it into the soil chamber surrounding the cutterhead.

[0003] In traditional pipe jacking construction, receiving shafts are required for equipment hoisting and dismantling. However, with the increase in urban pipeline construction and the increasing penetration of pipelines into densely populated urban areas, the selection of receiving shaft locations has become a new challenge. It is common for receiving shafts to be unavailable due to limitations at the receiving end. This is especially true in mountain tunnel construction, where setting up receiving shafts is not only difficult but also extremely expensive. Furthermore, numerous risks exist in actual construction, such as sudden changes in geological conditions, mechanical failures, and encountering unidentified obstacles, which can prevent the tunneling machine from continuing its excavation. Pipe jacking machine cutterheads are typically designed with a certain over-excavation capacity. If a conventional cutterhead design is used, the cutterhead cannot be folded to a size smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe section, making it difficult to achieve a retraction function in practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device, which can solve the problem in the prior art that conventional cutterheads cannot be folded to an external size smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe section, making it difficult for the cutterhead to achieve the retraction function in practical applications.

[0005] A rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device includes a machine head and a cutterhead body mounted on the machine head. The cutterhead body is provided with multiple over-digging cutter holder assemblies. Each over-digging cutter holder assembly includes a rotating shaft mounted on the cutterhead body, a cutter mounted on the rotating shaft, a first elastic support assembly, and a second elastic support assembly. The cutting tool is rotatably mounted on the cutter head body via a rotating shaft. The first elastic support assembly includes a torsion spring sleeved on the rotating shaft and a push plate fixed on the rotating shaft. After the push plate rotates, it is reset by the torsion spring. The second elastic support assembly includes a spring movably connected to the push plate. When the rotating shaft rotates, the spring is compressed by the push plate.

[0006] Preferably, the over-digging tool holder assembly further includes a fixed frame and a mounting plate fixed on the tool head body, the tool is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; A limiting block is fixed on the main body of the cutter head and on one side of the mounting plate.

[0007] Preferably, the first elastic support assembly further includes a fixed plate fixed to the fixed frame, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed plate and the push plate.

[0008] Preferably, the second elastic support assembly further includes a mounting cylinder rotatably connected to the fixed frame, a movable plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder, and a connecting rod slidably connected to the mounting cylinder. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the push plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate. The spring is disposed inside the mounting cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the cutter head body is provided with a cutter head diameter expansion assembly, the cutter head diameter expansion assembly includes multiple expansion blades, the multiple expansion blades form a ring structure, and the cutter head diameter expansion assembly is detachably connected to the cutter head body.

[0010] Preferably, the cutter head expansion assembly further includes multiple first bolts inserted inside the expansion cutter plate, and the cutter head body has multiple threaded grooves that cooperate with and connect with the first bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the machine head is provided with a machine head diameter expansion assembly, which includes multiple expansion shells forming a circular structure, and the machine head diameter expansion assembly is detachably connected to the machine head.

[0012] Preferably, the head expansion assembly further includes multiple connecting plates fixed to the expansion shell and multiple second bolts, with each pair of corresponding connecting plates connected by the second bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the cutter head diameter expansion assembly further includes multiple first positioning plates fixed on the expansion cutter plate, and the cutter head body has multiple first slots that cooperate with and insert into the first positioning plates.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of second positioning plates are fixed on the extended shell, and a second slot is provided on the surface of the machine head to cooperate with and insert into the second positioning plates.

[0015] This invention provides a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The cutterhead for over-excavation is mounted on a mounting plate, which can rotate freely via a pivot. When the cutterhead retracts, the rear side of the mounting plate abuts against the end of the outer shield. The cutterhead, under the squeezing and thrusting force of the outer shield, rotates inward around the pivot, retracting into the inner side of the central cavity of the outer shield. This reduces the overall size of the cutterhead, allowing it to pass smoothly through the central cavity of the outer shield. Automatic retraction is achieved without manual disassembly. This retractable cutterhead technology enables the pipe jacking machine to retract safely; it also facilitates retraction in complex environments to help escape obstacles or perform subsequent construction work, thus improving construction safety and efficiency.

[0016] 2. By assembling the extended blades around the cutterhead body and connecting them with the first bolt and threaded groove, the cutterhead diameter expansion assembly can be installed on the cutterhead body, completing the cutterhead diameter expansion work. The expansion shell of the machine head diameter expansion assembly adopts an upper and lower mating structure, and with the staggered connecting plates, the installation of the machine head diameter expansion assembly can be completed. Through diameter expansion, the pipe diameter range of the pipe jacking machine is expanded, improving the applicability of the equipment and enhancing the flexibility of pipe jacking construction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure adjustment device for the cutterhead of a rock jacking machine provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the head and cutterhead structure of a rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cutterhead diameter expansion assembly of a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a cross-sectional view of the protective shell of a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device and a schematic diagram of the over-excavation cutter head assembly structure. Figure 5 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the over-excavation cutter head assembly of a rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device. Figure 6 The present invention provides a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device. Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 7 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the head diameter expansion component of a rock jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Headstock; 2. Cutterhead body; 3. Over-digging cutter head assembly; 31. Fixing frame; 32. Cutting tool; 33. Mounting plate; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. First elastic support assembly; 3501. Torsion spring; 3502. Fixing plate; 3503. Push plate; 36. Second elastic support assembly; 3601. Mounting cylinder; 3602. Connecting rod; 3603. Movable plate; 3604. Spring; 4. Limiting block; 5. Cutterhead expansion assembly; 51. Extended cutter plate; 52. First bolt; 53. First positioning plate; 6. Headstock expansion assembly; 61. Extended shell; 62. Connecting plate; 63. Second bolt; 7. First slot; 8. Threaded groove; 9. Second slot; 10. Second positioning plate; 11. Protective shell. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device, including a machine head 1 and a cutterhead body 2 mounted on the machine head 1. The cutterhead body 2 is provided with multiple over-digging cutter head assemblies 3. Each over-digging cutter head assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 34 mounted on the cutterhead body 2, a cutter 32 mounted on the rotating shaft 34, a first elastic support assembly 35, a second elastic support assembly 36, a fixed frame 31 fixed to the cutterhead body 2, and a mounting plate 33. The cutter 32 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 33, the rotating shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 31, and the mounting plate 33 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 34. The cutter 32 is rotatably mounted on the cutterhead body 2 via the rotating shaft 34, and the cutter 32 is in an inclined state. The first elastic support assembly 35 includes a torsion spring 3501 sleeved on the rotating shaft 34, a push plate 3503 fixed on the rotating shaft 34, and a fixing plate 3502 fixed on the fixing frame 31. The two ends of the torsion spring 3501 are connected to the fixing plate 3502 and the push plate 3503 respectively. The fixing plate 3502 and the push plate 3503 are provided with locking grooves. The end of the torsion spring 3501 is located inside the locking groove for positioning. After the push plate 3503 rotates, it is reset by the torsion spring 3501.

[0021] The cutter 32 on the cutterhead body 2 of the pipe jacking machine is used for over-excavation during tunneling. The cutter 32 is mounted on the mounting plate 33, which can rotate freely via the rotating shaft 34. In normal tunneling, the rigidity of the torsion spring 3501 positions the push plate 3503, keeping the cutter 32 at its initial inclination angle. The rear of the cutter 32 is limited by the mounting plate 33 and the limiting block 4, while the front contacts the rock layer during tunneling, generating a counter-thrust force on the cutter 32, thereby maintaining the stability of the cutter 32 for tunneling operations.

[0022] When the cutterhead needs to retract, the cutterhead retracts along with the head 1 within the central cavity of the outer shield, and the rear side of the mounting plate 33 abuts against the end of the outer shield. The cutter 32, subjected to the squeezing force of the outer shield, rotates inward around the shaft 34, retracting to the inner side of the central cavity of the outer shield. The entire cutterhead smoothly passes through the central cavity of the outer shield, achieving automatic retraction without manual disassembly. This retractable cutterhead technology allows the pipe jacking machine to retract safely; it also facilitates retraction in complex environments to help escape difficulties or carry out subsequent construction work. When the external force disappears, the torsion spring 3501 drives the push plate 3503 to reset, and the shaft 34 and mounting plate 33 rotate, restoring the cutter 32 to its initial tilt angle.

[0023] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the second elastic support assembly 36 includes a spring 3604 movably connected to the push plate 3503, a mounting cylinder 3601 rotatably connected to the fixed frame 31, a movable plate 3603 slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 3601, and a connecting rod 3602 slidably connected to the mounting cylinder 3601. One end of the connecting rod 3602 is rotatably connected to the push plate 3503, and the other end of the connecting rod 3602 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 3603. The spring 3604 is located inside the mounting cylinder 3601. When the rotating shaft 34 rotates, the spring 3604 is compressed by the push plate 3503.

[0024] When the tool 32 on the rotating shaft 34 is in a normal tilted state, the spring 3604 elastically pushes the movable plate 3603 close to the push plate 3503, thereby pushing the push plate 3503 through the connecting rod 3602, so that the rotating shaft 34 and the tool 32 on it remain in an outwardly extended state; When the mounting plate 33 drives the cutter 32 to fold and flip, the push plate 3503 rotates with the rotating shaft 34. Through the connecting rod 3602, the movable plate 3603 slides in the mounting cylinder 3601, compressing the spring 3604. The rigidity of the spring 3604 facilitates the subsequent movement of the push plate 3503, thereby resetting the rotating shaft 34 and the cutter 32 on it.

[0025] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the cutter head body 2 is provided with a cutter head diameter expansion assembly 5. The cutter head diameter expansion assembly 5 includes multiple expansion cutter plates 51 and multiple first bolts 52 inserted inside the expansion cutter plates 51. The multiple expansion cutter plates 51 form a ring structure and are multi-lobed, preferably two to four. The cutter head diameter expansion assembly 5 is detachably connected to the cutter head body 2. The cutter head body 2 has multiple threaded grooves 8 that cooperate with the first bolts 52. The expansion cutter plates 51 have countersunk holes inside, and the heads of the first bolts 52 are located inside the countersunk holes to keep the surface of the expansion cutter plates 51 flat.

[0026] When expanding the diameter of the cutter head body 2: The extended blade plate 51 is spliced ​​around the cutter head body 2 to form a ring structure on the outer ring of the cutter head body 2. The high-strength first bolt 52 is connected with the threaded groove 8, so that the cutter head diameter expansion assembly 5 can be installed on the cutter head body 2 to complete the cutter head diameter expansion work.

[0027] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the machine head 1 is equipped with a machine head expansion assembly 6. The machine head expansion assembly 6 includes multiple expansion shells 61, multiple connecting plates 62 fixed on the expansion shells 61, and multiple second bolts 63. The multiple expansion shells 61 form a ring structure and are multi-lobed, preferably two to four. The machine head expansion assembly 6 is detachably connected to the machine head 1. Every two corresponding connecting plates 62 are connected by the second bolts 63. In this application, the connecting plates 62 on the two expansion shells 61 are staggered, and the corresponding connecting plates 62 are stably connected by nuts.

[0028] When expanding the diameter of the die head 1: After securing the lower expansion shell 61, hoist the machine head 1 into the expansion shell 61. Then, install the upper expansion shell 61 over the machine head 1. The connecting plate 62 at the joint of the expansion shell 61 is misaligned and fitted. Use the second bolt 63 and nut to tighten the connecting plate 62, thus completing the installation of the machine head diameter expansion assembly 6.

[0029] A gap is provided at the connection between the expansion shells 61, and the connecting plate 62 is set at the connection of the expansion shells 61, which facilitates the removal of the second bolt 63 and helps to ensure the flatness of the surface of the machine head expansion assembly 6.

[0030] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cutter head expansion assembly 5 also includes a plurality of first positioning plates 53 fixed on the expansion cutter plate 51, and the cutter head body 2 has a plurality of first slots 7 that cooperate with and are inserted into the first positioning plates 53.

[0031] The extended blade plate 51 is spliced ​​around the blade disc body 2, and the first positioning plate 53 is inserted into the first slot 7 to position the extended blade plate 51, facilitating subsequent fixing. Simultaneously, the connection between the extended blade plate 51 and the blade disc body 2 is enhanced by the cooperation of the first positioning plate 53 and the first slot 7, improving connection stability.

[0032] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of second positioning plates 10 are fixed on the expansion shell 61, and a second slot 9 is provided on the surface of the machine head 1 to cooperate with and insert into the second positioning plates 10.

[0033] The expansion shell 61 is aligned and installed with the second slot 9 via the second positioning plate 10, serving as a positioning tool during installation. Simultaneously, the second positioning plate 10, inserted into the second slot 9, limits the position of the expansion shell 61, making the connection between the expansion shell 61 and the machine head 1 more stable. In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a limiting block 4 is fixed on the cutterhead body 2 and on one side of the mounting plate 33. When the cutter 32 is in the unfolded state, the limiting block 4 prevents excessive rotation and maintains the tilt angle of the cutter 32. The protective shell 11 is fixed on the side of the fixing frame 31 near the torsion spring 3501. The first elastic support assembly 35 and the second elastic support assembly 36 are both located inside the protective shell 11 and are used to protect the first elastic support assembly 35 and the second elastic support assembly 36 during tunneling.

[0034] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this solution by those skilled in the art, the working principle of this solution will now be briefly explained in conjunction with specific application scenarios: The cutter 32 on the cutterhead body 2 of the pipe jacking machine is used for over-excavation during tunneling. The cutter 32 is mounted on the mounting plate 33, which can rotate freely via the rotating shaft 34. In normal tunneling, the rigidity of the torsion spring 3501 positions the push plate 3503. At the same time, the elasticity of the spring 3604 pushes the movable plate 3603 closer to the push plate 3503, thereby pushing the push plate 3503 through the connecting rod 3602, so that the rotating shaft 34 and the cutter 32 on it remain in an outward-extending state, keeping the cutter 32 at its initial tilt angle. The rear side of the cutter 32 is limited by the mounting plate 33 and the limiting block 4, while the front side contacts the rock layer during tunneling, generating a counter-thrust force on the cutter 32, thereby maintaining the stability of the cutter 32 for tunneling operations.

[0035] When the cutterhead retracts, the cutterhead retracts along with the head 1 within the central cavity of the outer shield, and the rear side of the mounting plate 33 abuts against the end of the outer shield. The cutter 32, subjected to the squeezing and thrust of the outer shield, rotates inward around the pivot 34, retracting to the inner side of the central cavity of the outer shield. The entire cutterhead smoothly passes through the central cavity of the outer shield, achieving automatic retraction without manual disassembly. This retractable cutterhead technology enables the pipe jacking machine to retract safely; it also facilitates retraction in complex environments to help escape obstacles or carry out subsequent construction work.

[0036] When the external force disappears, the torsion spring 3501 drives the push plate 3503 to reset, the rotating shaft 34 and the mounting plate 33 rotate, and at the same time, the rigidity of the spring 3604 pushes the push plate 3503 to move, so that the tool 32 returns to its initial tilt angle.

[0037] In simple working environments where the cutterhead does not need to retract, its diameter can be increased according to construction requirements. When increasing the diameter of the cutterhead body 2, the expansion cutter plates 51 are spliced ​​around the cutterhead body 2, forming a ring structure on the outer circumference of the cutterhead body 2. The high-strength first bolt 52 engages with the threaded groove 8 to connect, allowing the cutterhead diameter expansion assembly 5 to be installed on the cutterhead body 2, completing the cutterhead diameter expansion. When increasing the diameter of the machine head 1, after firmly positioning the lower expansion shell 61, the machine head 1 is hoisted into the expansion shell 61. Then, the upper expansion shell 61 is installed over the machine head 1. The connecting plates 62 at the joint of the expansion shells 61 are misaligned and fitted. The second bolt 63, in conjunction with a nut, is used to tighten the connecting plates 62, completing the installation of the machine head diameter expansion assembly 6. Through diameter expansion, the pipe diameter range of the pipe jacking machine is expanded, improving the equipment's applicability and enhancing the flexibility of pipe jacking construction.

[0038] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock pipe jacking machine cutter head structure adjusting device, comprising a machine head (1) and a cutter head body (2) mounted on the machine head (1), characterized in that, The cutter head body (2) is provided with a plurality of over-excavation cutter holder assemblies (3), the over-excavation cutter holder assembly (3) comprises a rotating shaft (34) mounted on the cutter head body (2), a cutter (32) mounted on the rotating shaft (34), a first elastic support assembly (35) and a second elastic support assembly (36); The cutter (32) is rotatably mounted on the cutter head body (2) through the rotating shaft (34), the first elastic support assembly (35) comprises a torsion spring (3501) sleeved on the rotating shaft (34) and a push plate (3503) fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (34), the push plate (3503) is reset through the torsion spring (3501) after rotation, and the second elastic support assembly (36) comprises a spring (3604) movably connected to the push plate (3503); when the rotating shaft (34) rotates, the spring (3604) is compressed through the push plate (3503).

2. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The over-excavation cutter holder assembly (3) further comprises a fixing frame (31) fixedly arranged on the cutter head body (2) and a mounting plate (33), the cutter (32) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (33), and the rotating shaft (34) is rotatably connected to the fixing frame (31); the mounting plate (33) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (34). The cutter head body (2) is provided with a limiting block (4) fixedly arranged on one side of the mounting plate (33).

3. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 2, wherein, The first elastic support assembly (35) further comprises a fixed plate (3502) fixedly arranged on the fixing frame (31), and the two ends of the torsion spring (3501) are connected with the fixed plate (3502) and the push plate (3503) respectively.

4. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 3, wherein, The second elastic support assembly (36) further comprises a mounting cylinder (3601) rotatably connected to the fixing frame (31), a movable plate (3603) slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (3601) and a connecting rod (3602) slidably connected to the mounting cylinder (3601), one end of the connecting rod (3602) is rotatably connected with the push plate (3503), the other end of the connecting rod (3602) is fixedly connected with the movable plate (3603), and the spring (3604) is arranged in the mounting cylinder (3601).

5. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 1, wherein, The cutter head body (2) is provided with a cutter head diameter expansion assembly (5), the cutter head diameter expansion assembly (5) comprises a plurality of expansion cutter plates (51), the plurality of expansion cutter plates (51) form a circular ring structure, and the cutter head diameter expansion assembly (5) is detachably connected with the cutter head body (2).

6. A rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cutter head diameter expansion assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of first bolts (52) inserted into the expansion cutter plate (51), and a plurality of threaded grooves (8) matched with the first bolts (52) are formed in the cutter head body (2).

7. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 1, wherein, The machine head (1) is provided with a machine head diameter expansion assembly (6), the machine head diameter expansion assembly (6) comprises a plurality of expansion shells (61), the plurality of expansion shells (61) form a circular ring structure, and the machine head diameter expansion assembly (6) is detachably connected with the machine head (1).

8. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 7, wherein, The machine head diameter expansion assembly (6) further comprises a plurality of connecting plates (62) fixedly arranged on the expansion shell (61) and a plurality of second bolts (63), and every two corresponding connecting plates (62) are connected through the second bolt (63).

9. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 6, wherein, The cutter head diameter expanding assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of first positioning plates (53) fixed on the extension cutter plate (51), and a plurality of first clamping grooves (7) are formed on the cutter head main body (2) to be inserted into the first positioning plates (53) in cooperation.

10. The rock pipe jacking machine cutterhead structure adjustment device of claim 8, wherein, A plurality of second positioning plates (10) are fixed on the extension shell (61), and a plurality of second clamping grooves (9) are formed on the surface of the machine head (1) to be inserted into the second positioning plates (10) in cooperation.

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