Environment sensing monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an environment sensing monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of environment sensing monitoring. The method comprises the steps that an airflow adjusting mechanism is constructed based on a fan, a power detection circuit and a fan driving circuit, and the rotating speed is controlled through a microcontroller; adjusting the wind speed according to the response time of each sensor; the sensors are started through the microcontroller, an airflow adjusting mechanism is synchronously started, whether airflow in the environment reaches a set condition or not is detected, if yes, the sensors are activated, and if not, adjustment is continued; various environmental quality data are acquired and stored for multiple times through the sensors, and the environmental quality data are processed through the microcontroller according to the response acquisition time of the sensors and the residence time of the to-be-detected object; and comprehensively processing the environment quality data acquired for multiple times to obtain final environment monitoring data, and uploading the final environment monitoring data through a communication interface. According to the invention, the problems of mutual interference and large data error of sensors in the prior art are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental sensing monitoring, and in particular to an environmental sensing monitoring method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's demand for life quality, indoor air quality monitoring has gradually become the focus of public attention. However, the current air quality detectors on the market still have many technical deficiencies, which are difficult to meet the needs of modern building environment for high-precision and high-stability monitoring.

[0003] Traditional air quality detectors mostly use single sensor design, or simply integrate multiple sensors in the same device, but lack effective structure layout and airflow control mechanism. This leads to the fact that in the detection process, the sensor is easily affected by the shell structure, the air intake is poor, the gas / particle flow is unstable, and thus the detection data error is large, generally more than 20%, which seriously affects the accurate monitoring of harmful gases / particles in the environment.

[0004] In addition, the traditional device is not capable of dealing with the mutual interference between multiple sensors. The cross-influence generated by different sensors during the working process further reduces the reliability of the detection results. More seriously, the traditional air quality detector lacks intelligent algorithm support in data acquisition and processing, and cannot effectively eliminate the influence of local concentration fluctuation on the detection results, resulting in poor consistency and stability of the detection data. When facing complex and variable indoor environment, the traditional device often cannot provide accurate and timely air quality information, and cannot meet the pursuit of users for healthy life.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an environmental sensing monitoring method that can avoid poor air intake, sensor mutual interference, and realize high-precision and high-stability air quality monitoring. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an environmental sensing monitoring method to solve the problems of poor air intake, sensor mutual interference, large data error, and poor consistency and stability of detection data in the prior art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, an environmental sensing monitoring method, the method comprising: constructing an air flow adjustment mechanism based on a fan, a power detection circuit and a fan driving circuit, and controlling the rotating speed of the fan by a microcontroller, adjusting the air speed of the fan according to the response time of each sensor; the sensors include a particulate matter sensor and a gas sensor; starting each of the sensors by the microcontroller, synchronously starting the air flow adjustment mechanism and detecting whether the air flow in the environment reaches a set condition, if yes, activating each of the sensors, otherwise, continuing to adjust; the set condition includes that the residence time of the measured object is greater than the response time of each of the sensors; acquiring and storing each item of environmental quality data by each of the sensors multiple times, processing the environmental quality data by the microcontroller according to the response collection time of each of the sensors and the residence time of the measured object; comprehensively processing the environmental quality data acquired multiple times to obtain final environmental monitoring data, and uploading the data through a communication interface; the comprehensive processing includes data filtering and statistical analysis.

[0008] In one embodiment, acquiring and storing each item of environmental quality data by each of the sensors multiple times is achieved by the following steps: recording specific time stamps and corresponding sensor identifiers when collecting the environmental quality data, and collecting raw data by each of the sensors in real time and uploading the data to the microcontroller; removing abnormal data points caused by unstable sensor start-up stage or external interference from the raw data by the microcontroller to obtain each item of environmental quality data.

[0009] In one embodiment, processing the environmental quality data by the microcontroller according to the response collection time of each of the sensors and the residence time of the measured object is achieved by the following steps: for each of the sensors, calculating the sampling number according to the time stamps, sensor identifiers and residence time of the measured object by the microcontroller; taking the average of the environmental quality data collected by the same sensor multiple times after removing the maximum value and the minimum value to obtain the processed environmental quality data.

[0010] In one embodiment, comprehensively processing the environmental quality data acquired multiple times to obtain final environmental monitoring data is achieved by the following steps: filtering all of the environmental quality data by the microcontroller to obtain final environmental quality monitoring data; the filtering processing includes sliding window averaging and weighted averaging.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present application, an environmental sensing monitoring device, the device comprising: a PM2.5 sensor, a microcontroller MCU, a power detection circuit, a fan driving circuit, a communication interface, a power supply system module, an air inlet fan, an air extraction fan, a TVOC sensor, a formaldehyde sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a PCB board and a shell.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the PM2.5 sensor is provided with one air outlet and two air inlets; the PM2.5 sensor is located at the upper left corner of the device; the air inlet fan is located below the PM2.5 sensor; the air inlet fan is provided with three air inlets; the microcontroller MCU is located on the PCB board; the power detection circuit is connected with the fan driving circuit and the microcontroller MCU.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the air outlet fan is close to the shell at the lower right corner of the device; the air outlet fan is provided with three air outlets; the fan driving circuit adjusts the air flow speed and direction under the control of the microcontroller MCU. The communication interface supports bidirectional communication; the power supply system module is used to provide stable power supply.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the TVOC sensor, the formaldehyde sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the carbon monoxide sensor are connected with the microcontroller MCU; the integrated microcontroller MCU, the power detection circuit and the fan driving circuit are on the PCB board; the shell serves as the device shell.

[0015] According to an aspect of the present application, an electronic device comprises at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the memory stores computer readable instructions; the computer readable instructions are executed by one or more processors, so that the electronic device implements the environment sensing monitoring method as described above.

[0016] According to an aspect of the present application, a storage medium stores computer readable instructions, which are executed by one or more processors to implement the environment sensing monitoring method as described above.

[0017] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0018] In the above technical solution, the application first constructs an air flow adjusting mechanism based on components such as a fan, adjusts the wind speed through a microcontroller according to the sensor response time, and ensures the stability of the detection environment; then the sensor is started and whether the air flow meets the standard is detected, after meeting the standard, the sensor starts to collect environmental quality data multiple times and stores; the microcontroller processes the data according to the sensor response collection time and the residence time of the measured object, removes the abnormal value and takes the average value; finally, the data obtained multiple times is filtered and statistically analyzed and other comprehensive processing, and the final environmental monitoring data is uploaded through the communication interface. In terms of device, it integrates PM2.5 sensor, various gas sensors, microcontroller MCU and many other components, and each component is reasonably arranged, such as the PM2.5 sensor located at the upper left corner of the device, and cooperates to realize the environmental sensing and monitoring function. The scheme effectively improves the accuracy and reliability of the environmental monitoring data, provides strong support for environmental assessment and decision-making, and solves the problems of inaccurate data and low monitoring efficiency in traditional environmental monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an environmental sensing and monitoring method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of an environmental sensing and monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 It is an interactive schematic diagram of an environmental sensing and monitoring device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of using an environmental sensing and monitoring device to perform environmental sensing and monitoring in an application scenario;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this disclosure means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0028] This invention provides an environmental sensing and monitoring method that utilizes a fan to create wind convection and establish a stable detection environment. By integrating multiple sensors, it achieves high-precision and efficient monitoring of environmental quality, solving the problems of large data errors, insufficient accuracy, and inadequate environmental monitoring in traditional environmental monitoring. This environmental sensing and monitoring method is applicable to environmental sensing and monitoring devices, which can be electronic devices. The environmental sensing and monitoring method in this invention can be applied to various scenarios, such as factory sensing and monitoring.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides an environmental sensing and monitoring method applicable to electronic devices.

[0030] In the following method embodiments, for ease of description, the execution subject of each step of the method is an electronic device, but this does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0032] Step 110: Construct an airflow regulation mechanism based on the fan, power detection circuit, and fan drive circuit, and control the fan speed through a microcontroller, adjusting the fan speed according to the response time of each sensor.

[0033] The sensors mentioned here include particulate matter sensors, gas sensors, etc., without limitation. The sensor's response time refers to the shortest time required for the sensor to output a stable detection value from contact with the analyte (gas / particles) (i.e., the sensor's inherent response characteristics). For example, the response times of PM2.5 sensors and CO sensors may differ. The mechanism must ensure that the gas residence time within the chamber is greater than the response time of the slowest sensor to guarantee effective detection by all sensors. A benchmark is used to determine the fan drive power, ensuring that the gas flow velocity matches the sensor's detection requirements.

[0034] Specifically, the system integrates a fan, a power detection circuit, and a fan drive circuit to form the hardware foundation of the airflow regulation system. The fan generates airflow, the power detection circuit monitors the fan power, the fan drive circuit adjusts the fan speed according to microcontroller instructions, and the microcontroller dynamically adjusts the fan speed based on the response time of each sensor. For example, for sensors with long response times, the fan speed can be appropriately increased to ensure that the object being measured remains in front of the sensor for a sufficient period of time.

[0035] In the above process, this embodiment of the invention achieves precise control of wind speed by integrating a fan and its drive circuit, combined with power detection. This mechanism ensures the stability and uniformity of airflow in the detection environment, providing a physical basis for subsequent high-precision detection by sensors.

[0036] Step 120: The microcontroller starts each of the sensors, synchronously starts the airflow adjustment mechanism, and detects whether the airflow in the environment meets the set conditions. If it does, the sensors are activated; otherwise, the adjustment continues.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the conditions include a residence time of the object under test that is greater than the response time of each of the sensors.

[0038] Specifically, the microcontroller simultaneously activates all sensors and airflow regulation mechanisms to ensure the synchronization of the detection process. By measuring the airflow speed and direction within the detection device, it determines whether the set conditions are met, specifically whether the dwell time of the object in front of the sensor is greater than the sensor's response time. If the conditions are met, the sensors are activated: if the airflow conditions are satisfied, each sensor is activated to begin detection; otherwise, the airflow continues to be adjusted until the conditions are met.

[0039] In the above process, this embodiment of the invention ensures that the sensor performs detection under optimal conditions by simultaneously activating the sensor and the airflow adjustment mechanism and detecting airflow conditions in real time. This step improves the accuracy and reliability of the detection data and avoids detection errors caused by unstable airflow.

[0040] Step 130: Acquire and store various environmental quality data multiple times through each sensor, and process the environmental quality data through the microcontroller based on the response acquisition time of each sensor and the residence time of the object to be measured.

[0041] The sensor's response acquisition time refers to the timestamp recorded by the microcontroller during the actual data acquisition phase, i.e., the time point at which the sensor outputs valid data. This time is used to subsequently calculate the average data (e.g., the average of multiple samples after removing the maximum / minimum values). As a time reference for data processing, it is combined with the actual residence time of the analyte within the cavity (determined by wind speed and distance) to ensure the validity of the sampled data.

[0042] In one possible implementation, when collecting environmental quality data, a specific timestamp and the corresponding sensor identifier are recorded. Raw data is collected in real time by each sensor and uploaded to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then removes abnormal data points caused by instability during sensor startup or external interference from the raw data to obtain various environmental quality data.

[0043] In one possible implementation, for each sensor, the microcontroller calculates the number of samplings based on the timestamp, sensor identifier, and residence time of the object being measured. Then, based on the number of samplings, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the environmental quality data collected multiple times by the same sensor are removed, and the average value is taken to obtain the processed environmental quality data.

[0044] Specifically, each sensor collects environmental quality data in real time and records a timestamp and sensor identifier for subsequent processing. The microcontroller preprocesses the raw data to remove abnormal data points caused by sensor instability during startup or external interference. The processed data is stored in the microcontroller's memory, and the number of samples is calculated based on the sensor's response acquisition time and the residence time of the analyte, preparing for subsequent data processing.

[0045] Specifically, the microcontroller processes the data collected by each sensor in real time. Within a set distance S = wind speed V * time T, it averages the multiple detection data completed by each sensor, removes the maximum and minimum values, and takes the average value to improve the smoothness, stability, and accuracy of the data.

[0046] In the above process, this embodiment of the invention ensures the accuracy and integrity of the data by collecting environmental quality data in real time and performing anomaly removal and preliminary processing. This step provides a high-quality data source for subsequent comprehensive data processing, improving the reliability of the final monitoring results.

[0047] Step 140: The environmental quality data acquired multiple times is processed to obtain the final environmental monitoring data, which is then uploaded through the communication interface.

[0048] In one possible implementation, a microcontroller filters all environmental quality data to obtain the final environmental quality monitoring data.

[0049] The filtering process includes sliding window averaging and weighted averaging.

[0050] Specifically, the microcontroller filters all environmental quality data using methods such as sliding window averaging and weighted averaging to eliminate random errors and outliers. Statistical analysis is then performed on the filtered data, calculating the average and standard deviation of various indicators to assess the overall environmental quality. Finally, the environmental monitoring data is uploaded to a higher-level system or cloud server via a communication interface for user viewing and analysis.

[0051] In the above process, this embodiment of the invention improves the accuracy and reliability of environmental monitoring data through data filtering and statistical analysis. Simultaneously, by uploading data to a higher-level system or cloud server via a communication interface, remote monitoring and real-time analysis of the data are achieved. This step provides users with convenient data access and analysis tools, helping to promptly identify environmental problems and take corresponding countermeasures.

[0052] Through the above process, this invention achieves accurate and efficient environmental quality monitoring by constructing an airflow regulation mechanism, activating sensors and detecting airflow conditions, collecting and processing environmental quality data, and comprehensively processing and uploading environmental monitoring data. This method utilizes a fan to create airflow convection to ensure a stable monitoring environment, and combines this with intelligent control of fan speed and sensor data by a microcontroller, improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection data. Simultaneously, through comprehensive processing methods such as data filtering and statistical analysis, it provides users with comprehensive and accurate environmental quality monitoring data, helping to promptly identify and resolve environmental problems.

[0053] The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, which can be used to execute the environmental sensing and monitoring method involved in the present invention. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, please refer to the method embodiments of the environmental sensing and monitoring method involved in the present invention.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 This invention provides an environmental sensing and monitoring device, which includes, but is not limited to:

[0055] PM2.5 sensor (1): The sensor has a built-in fan and is equipped with one air outlet (1-1) and two air inlets (1-2, 1-3), located in the upper left corner of the device. The PM2.5 sensor is used to detect the concentration of particulate matter in the air. Its unique air inlet and outlet design helps to accurately collect air samples. Air is drawn in from the air inlets (1-2, 1-3) and forms turbulence in the center of the cavity with the air from the exhaust fan (7), which enhances the uniformity of gas mixing.

[0056] Microcontroller MCU (2): As the core control unit of the device, the microcontroller MCU is located on the PCB board (13). It is responsible for coordinating and controlling the operation of various sensors and fans, processing the collected data, and transmitting data through the communication interface.

[0057] Power detection circuit (3): Connected to fan drive circuit (4) and microcontroller MCU (2). Used to monitor the power consumption of the fan in real time and feed the information back to microcontroller MCU (2) so as to adjust the working state of the fan as needed.

[0058] Fan drive circuit (4): Under the control of microcontroller MCU (2), the speed and direction of intake fan (7) and exhaust fan (12) are adjusted to ensure that the airflow inside the device is stable and uniform.

[0059] Communication interface (5): Supports bidirectional communication, allowing the device to exchange data with external devices, such as uploading detected environmental data to the server or receiving control commands from the user.

[0060] Power supply module (6): Provides a stable power supply for the entire device, ensuring the proper functioning of all components. The power supply module may include a battery or an external power adapter.

[0061] Exhaust fan (7): Located close to the lower right corner of the outer casing, it has one air outlet (7-1) and two air inlets (7-2, 7-3). The exhaust fan is responsible for drawing out the air inside the device to form an airflow circulation and maintain the stability of the detection environment.

[0062] TVOC sensor (8): used to detect the concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) in the air, connected to a microcontroller MCU, and transmits detection data in real time.

[0063] Formaldehyde sensor (9): detects the formaldehyde concentration in the air and transmits the data to the microcontroller MCU for processing.

[0064] Carbon dioxide sensor (10): monitors the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air and provides data support for environmental quality assessment.

[0065] Carbon monoxide sensor (11): detects the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air to ensure environmental safety.

[0066] Air intake fan (12): Located below the PM2.5 sensor, it has one air intake (12-1) and two air outlets (12-2, 12-3). The air intake fan is responsible for introducing outside air into the device to provide a sample for the sensor.

[0067] PCB board (13): integrates key components such as microcontroller MCU, power detection circuit, and fan drive circuit to realize electrical connection and signal transmission.

[0068] Housing (14): As the outer shell of the device, it provides physical protection and structural support, while also helping to dissipate heat and provide electromagnetic shielding.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the PM2.5 sensor (1), carbon monoxide (CO) sensor (11), carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor (10), TVOC sensor (8), and formaldehyde sensor (9) are directly connected to the microcontroller MCU (2) to transmit the detected environmental data in real time.

[0070] Microcontroller MCU (2): As the core processing unit, it receives data from various sensors and processes it according to a preset algorithm. At the same time, the microcontroller MCU also controls the operation of the fan drive circuit (4) to adjust the speed and direction of the fan.

[0071] Fan drive circuit (4): Drives the intake fan (12) and exhaust fan (7) according to the instructions of the microcontroller MCU to ensure stable airflow inside the device.

[0072] Power detection circuit (3): Real-time monitoring of the fan's operating power and feedback of the information to the microcontroller MCU for necessary adjustments.

[0073] Power supply module (6): provides a stable power supply for microcontroller MCU, sensors, fan drive circuits, etc.

[0074] Communication interface (5): Allows the microcontroller (MCU) to communicate bidirectionally with external devices to upload and download data.

[0075] Housing (14): Provides physical protection and structural support for all internal components, ensuring the overall stability and reliability of the device.

[0076] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention employs a dual-fan convection system and a window and external exhaust design. Dual-fan convection system: The PM2.5 sensor (1) on the upper left side has its own fan and an intake fan (12) (air intake at the right air inlet (12-3)) to form convection, while the exhaust fan (7) on the right side extracts air from its outlet (7-1). The three work together to form a "intake-convection-extraction" cycle. Specifically: The PM2.5 sensor fan draws in outside air from the air inlets (1-2, 1-3), and the air from the intake fan (12) converges with the air from the intake fan (12) at the center of the cavity to form turbulence; then the exhaust fan (7) extracts the mixed gas from the outlet (7-1), ensuring that the gas flows without dead zones in the cavity.

[0077] Window and external exhaust design: The PM2.5 sensor air inlet (1-2, 1-3) and the exhaust fan (7) outlet (7-3) are close to the outer shell with windows to directly introduce outside air and exhaust exhaust gas. If the internal circuit is sensitive to airflow, the outlet (7-3) is led out to the edge of the shell to avoid airflow interference; if there is no sensitive circuit, the fan is used to accelerate the diffusion of internal heat, forming a secondary cycle of "air intake-heat exchange-air exhaust".

[0078] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention eliminate airflow blind spots in the corners of the cavity through precise air duct design and window opening strategy, providing a uniformly distributed detection environment for the sensor.

[0079] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also employs dynamic wind speed control. Dynamic wind speed control includes a power detection-feedback mechanism and response time matching.

[0080] Among them, the power detection-feedback mechanism is as follows: the power detection circuit (3) monitors the driving power of the intake fan (12) and the exhaust fan (7) in real time, and the microcontroller MCU (2) dynamically adjusts the fan speed according to the formula S = V × T (S is the distance between the fan outlet and the sensor, V is the wind speed, and T is the dwell time). For example, when the wind speed in the PM2.5 sensor area is insufficient, the MCU will increase the power of the intake fan (12) to enhance the convection intensity.

[0081] Response time matching: A minimum residence time T ≥ I is set based on the response speed (I) of each sensor to ensure that the gas stays on the sensor surface for a sufficient time. For example, if the formaldehyde sensor has a slow response, the MCU will extend the wind speed control cycle in its area to avoid underestimating the detection data due to excessively fast airflow.

[0082] Among them, the power detection - feedback mechanism ensures that the air velocity in the cavity precisely matches the detection requirements of the sensor by continuously monitoring the fan driving power and dynamically adjusting the rotational speed. The power detection circuit (3) is connected in series in the fan driving circuit (4) to continuously collect the voltage and current of the intake fan (12) and the exhaust fan (7), and calculate the real - time driving power P = V×I. The microcontroller MCU (2) has a built - in power - air velocity conversion table (e.g., power 5W corresponds to air velocity 3m / s, 10W corresponds to 5m / s), and converts the power value into the actual current air velocity V. For example, when the power of the intake fan (12) drops from 8W to 6W, the MCU determines that the air velocity has decreased, which may cause insufficient air flow in the sensor area and triggers power compensation.

[0083] Furthermore, based on the sensor response time I and the uniform environment distance S (the distance from the fan air outlet to the sensor), the MCU derives the required minimum air velocity V_target through the formulas T≥I and S = V×T. For example: If the response time of the formaldehyde sensor I = 2 seconds and the distance S = 0.5 meters, then the target air velocity V_target≥0.25 m / s. When V_actual < V_target, the MCU increases the PWM duty cycle of the fan driving circuit (4) to increase the power output (such as from 6W to 9W) to forcibly increase the air velocity. When V_actual > V_target, the MCU reduces the PWM duty cycle to reduce the power (such as from 10W to 7W) to avoid the sensor response lag caused by too fast air flow.

[0084] Among them, the technology of combining the dual - fan convection system and the power detection - feedback mechanism in the embodiments of the present invention is abbreviated as DFC - PDRF (Dual Fan Convection with Power Detection & Real - time Feedback) technology. DFC - PDRF represents the integration of the dual - fan convection system and the power detection - real - time feedback mechanism, which realizes uniform air distribution in the cavity by dynamically adjusting the fan rotational speed, eliminates the local concentration depletion effect, and controls the detection error within 5% through the matching of the air velocity and the sensor response time.

[0085] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention control the air velocity fluctuation within ±5% through the real - time comparison of power - air velocity and PWM dynamic voltage regulation, which is far better than the error range of ±20% in the traditional scheme. Through real - time power monitoring and the air velocity - time algorithm, the precise matching of the air flow velocity and the sensor response is achieved, eliminating the detection error caused by uneven air velocity.

[0086] Furthermore, through laboratory tests, in the 3m³ sealed space of the embodiments of the present invention, the deviation rate of the detection values of each sensor is reduced from 23% in the traditional scheme to 4.7%, and when the gas concentration changes suddenly (such as spraying perfume to simulate pollution), the time for the data to recover stability is shortened from 120 seconds to 35 seconds, fully verifying the effectiveness of the uniform convection design.

[0087] Based on the above, the environmental sensing and monitoring device provided in this embodiment of the invention integrates multiple sensors such as PM2.5, TVOC, formaldehyde, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide to comprehensively monitor environmental quality. The device incorporates a built-in microcontroller (MCU) as the core processing unit, coordinating the operation of each sensor and processing data. A stable airflow is formed through an intake fan and an exhaust fan to ensure a uniform detection environment. A power detection circuit and a fan drive circuit jointly regulate the fan's operating state, achieving efficient energy consumption management. The power supply system module provides stable power, and the communication interface supports bidirectional data transmission. The overall device has a compact structure, comprehensive functions, and is suitable for various environmental monitoring scenarios.

[0088] It should be noted that the environmental sensing and monitoring provided in the above embodiments is only an example of the division of the above functional modules. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed. That is, the internal structure of the environmental sensing and monitoring device will be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0089] Furthermore, the environmental sensing and monitoring device and the environmental sensing and monitoring method provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific way in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] In one application scenario, the environmental sensing and monitoring device and method provided by this invention are used for indoor air quality monitoring.

[0091] like Figure 4 As shown, the following steps may be included:

[0092] Step 1: Start and power supply.

[0093] Specifically, upon startup, the power supply module (6) begins operation, providing stable power to the entire device. The power supply module is meticulously designed to adapt to different power inputs and convert them to suitable operating voltages for each component within the device. This ensures a continuous and stable power supply after startup, laying the foundation for the normal operation of subsequent components.

[0094] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention provide a stable and reliable power supply system module, which enables each component in the device to obtain appropriate voltage and current, providing basic operating conditions and realizing the normal start-up of the device.

[0095] Step 2: Microcontroller initialization and component control.

[0096] Specifically, the microcontroller (2) performs an initialization operation and then establishes communication with the power detection circuit (3) and the fan drive circuit (4). The power detection circuit monitors the power changes in the circuit in real time and feeds the data back to the microcontroller. According to the preset logic, the microcontroller controls the intake fan (12) and the exhaust fan (7) to start running through the fan drive circuit.

[0097] The microcontroller, as the core of the device, coordinates the operation of all components. The power detection circuit helps the microcontroller understand the fan's operating status for appropriate control. The fan's operation is to create a stable airflow within the device's housing.

[0098] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention enable the device to quickly establish airflow circulation through the initialization of the microcontroller and the precise control of the fan, providing a stable airflow environment and creating favorable conditions for subsequent sensor detection.

[0099] Step 3: Airflow stability test.

[0100] Specifically, the device continuously monitors the airflow inside the housing to determine whether a stable and uniform flow at a fixed speed has been achieved. If the airflow has not reached a stable state, the microcontroller adjusts the output of the fan drive circuit to further regulate the fan speed.

[0101] A stable and uniform airflow is crucial for the sensor to accurately detect environmental parameters. Only with stable airflow can the sensor obtain a representative air sample. In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention, through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of the airflow, enable the airflow inside the device to reach a stable and uniform state as quickly as possible, providing an ideal detection environment and achieving the goal of improving the detection accuracy of the sensor.

[0102] Step 4: Sensor data acquisition.

[0103] Specifically, once the airflow reaches a stable state, the TVOC sensor (8), formaldehyde sensor (9), CO2 sensor (10), carbon monoxide (CO) sensor (11), and PM2.5 sensor (1) begin normal data collection. Each sensor collects current environmental quality data in real time using its own response detection time t. For example, the PM2.5 sensor, with its unique inlet and outlet design, accurately collects information on particulate matter in the air; the TVOC sensor detects the concentration of total volatile organic compounds in the air, etc.

[0104] The system utilizes multiple sensors working in tandem to comprehensively and accurately acquire various parameters from the environment. Different sensors detect different pollutants, providing rich data support for a comprehensive assessment of environmental quality.

[0105] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention enable the acquisition of environmental data covering multiple aspects such as particulate matter and gaseous pollutants through the simultaneous operation of multiple sensors, providing comprehensive environmental information and realizing all-round monitoring of environmental quality.

[0106] Step 5: Data reporting and storage.

[0107] Specifically, each sensor reports the collected data to the microcontroller MCU (2) in real time, and the microcontroller performs preliminary storage and processing of the data. The data is stored in the microcontroller's internal memory for subsequent analysis and calculation.

[0108] Timely data reporting and storage ensure data integrity and traceability. The microcontroller, acting as a data relay and processing center, effectively manages this data.

[0109] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention, through the data reporting and storage mechanism between the sensor and the microcontroller, enable the collected environmental data to be properly preserved, providing a data foundation and preparing for subsequent data analysis.

[0110] Step 6: Data processing and recording.

[0111] Specifically, the microcontroller MCU (2) obtains the T / t count data based on the response acquisition time of each sensor and the time T during which the gas / particle stays in the cavity. Then, the microcontroller processes this data, removes the maximum and minimum values, calculates the average value L, and records it. For example, for a series of data collected by the PM2.5 sensor, the above method is used to process the data to reduce the influence of random errors.

[0112] This data processing method can eliminate some outliers caused by chance factors, improving the accuracy and reliability of the data. Calculating the average value more accurately reflects the actual situation of environmental parameters.

[0113] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention use specific data processing methods to make the collected data more accurate and reliable, providing high-quality data and laying the foundation for generating accurate monitoring results in the future.

[0114] Step 7: Data filtering and final result generation.

[0115] Specifically, the microcontroller filters the data after the above processing N times to obtain the average value Z. The filtering can be done using methods such as sliding window averaging or weighted averaging. Finally, the processed data is output to an external upper-level terminal Q, such as a central control system, through an external communication interface (5).

[0116] Further data filtering can improve data quality and reduce noise interference. The final data is then output to an external terminal, allowing managers to monitor environmental quality in real time and make appropriate decisions.

[0117] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention, through multiple data filtering and final data output, make the generated monitoring results more accurate and reliable, provide intuitive environmental quality information, and provide strong support for environmental management and decision-making.

[0118] Step 8: End.

[0119] Operational procedures: After completing a full monitoring and data output cycle, the device can repeat the above steps according to a preset period to continuously monitor environmental quality. Continuous monitoring can promptly detect changes in environmental quality, providing long-term protection for air quality within office buildings.

[0120] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention enable the device to function continuously by cyclically executing the monitoring process, providing long-term and stable environmental monitoring services and achieving continuous protection of air quality in the office environment.

[0121] In the above process, this embodiment of the invention ensures the operation of the device through a power supply module, and the microcontroller coordinates circuits such as power detection and fan drive to regulate the fan and form a stable airflow. Multiple sensors collect environmental data in real time and report it to the microcontroller, which then processes and filters the data before outputting the results. The entire solution achieves comprehensive and accurate environmental quality monitoring, effectively eliminating data errors and providing a reliable basis for environmental management. Its advantages lie in its high integration, comprehensive monitoring, accurate data, and long-term stable operation, providing strong support for ensuring good indoor air quality.

[0122] In another application scenario, an air quality monitoring project adopted the high-efficiency integrated environmental sensing and monitoring device provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0123] Specifically, the device integrates a PM2.5 sensor, a carbon monoxide (CO) sensor, a carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor, a formaldehyde sensor, a TVOC sensor, a microcontroller (MCU), two small DC fans with power detection circuitry, a fan drive circuit, a power supply module, a control terminal PCB board, and an external communication port. All components are integrated into a specially designed housing. The housing design considers the smooth flow of gas and the rational layout of the sensors, ensuring that each sensor can operate in an optimal environment.

[0124] The PM2.5 sensor (1) has an air inlet (1-2, 1-3) that is close to the edge of the product casing and has a window in its structure. The window is located in a position exposed to the external environment after the product is installed and placed, ensuring that outside air can directly enter the sensor. The exhaust fan (7) has an exhaust port (7-3) that is led out depending on whether there is a circuit inside the data center that is sensitive to airflow, temperature and humidity: if there is a sensitive circuit, (7-3) is led out to a position close to the edge of the casing so that the airflow can directly reach the outside and avoid affecting the internal circuit; if there is no sensitive circuit, it does not need to be led out, and the fan can also be used to accelerate the flow of heat from the heating circuit, reduce the temperature and improve the circuit's working efficiency.

[0125] The core principle of the device lies in its structural and algorithmic innovations. Structurally, the PM2.5 sensor inside the cavity has a built-in fan that forms convection with the intake fan, distributing the gas evenly to every corner of the cavity. The exhaust fan then draws the air out, creating a uniform airflow environment.

[0126] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention achieve uniform gas distribution in the detection cavity through a carefully designed cavity structure and fan layout, especially the window and external lead design for the product shell, providing a stable and uniform detection environment for the sensor, while taking into account the safety and efficiency of the internal circuitry of the product.

[0127] Furthermore, the response speed / time of each sensor is set to I. The microcontroller (MCU) controls the fan operation, and a comparison data table is formed between the fan speed and the fan driving capability. Using the formula S = wind speed V * time T for uniform environmental distance, and assuming the residence time T must be greater than or equal to the sensor response time I, the minimum fan driving power W is calculated.

[0128] The built-in power detection circuit monitors changes in fan power in real time due to environmental conditions, and the microcontroller (MCU) adjusts the fan's drive power accordingly to ensure a uniform and stable wind speed to meet the optimal response and acquisition conditions of the sensor.

[0129] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention, through intelligent wind speed control algorithm and power detection mechanism, combined with reserved air flow buffer, effectively avoid the problem of rapid replacement of gas / particles in the detection chamber due to excessive wind speed, and the problem of uneven gas / particle flow due to excessive wind speed, thereby ensuring the effective time of sensor detection response and improving test accuracy.

[0130] Specifically, the integrated sensing device is powered externally via a power supply module, and the device begins operation. First, the microcontroller controls the fan drive circuit to turn on the intake fan, and simultaneously, the fan built into the PM2.5 sensor also starts working, creating convection. Next, the microcontroller activates the power detection circuit to detect the drive power of the two fans and adjusts the fan drive power according to the gas residence time to ensure the stability of the detection environment.

[0131] At this time, the air inside the housing flows evenly in an internal and external circulation manner. The microcontroller begins to collect data from each sensor, and after storage, filtering and averaging, it is finally output to the external upper-level terminal through the external communication port.

[0132] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention, through detailed workflow design, achieve comprehensive and accurate monitoring of environmental quality and provide stable and reliable data output.

[0133] Specifically, this solution uses a fan to accelerate airflow, effectively eliminating effects such as localized low concentrations or depletion that occur in the external environment during the detection process, thus providing a stable detection environment for the sensor.

[0134] Meanwhile, the uniform convection environment created by the fan within the structure improves detection accuracy. The built-in power detection circuit and intelligent wind speed control algorithm ensure effective sensor response time, further enhancing testing accuracy. The algorithm that uses multiple averages to calculate the detection data effectively improves the smoothness, stability, and accuracy of the data.

[0135] In the above process, the embodiments of the present invention significantly improve the performance and reliability of environmental sensing and monitoring devices through a series of technological innovations and optimized designs, especially the window and external lead-out design of the product shell, as well as intelligent wind speed and power control, providing users with an accurate and stable environmental quality monitoring solution.

[0136] Specifically, in actual use, the user first installs the device in the environment to be monitored and connects it to the upstream terminal via an external communication port. Then, the power supply module supplies power to the device, and the device begins to operate automatically, monitoring environmental quality according to the preset working principle. The user can view the monitoring data in real time through the upstream terminal and perform data analysis and processing as needed.

[0137] In the above process, this invention integrates multiple sensors, an MCU, a fan, and circuit modules within a specific housing. The housing employs a windowed and externally exposed design, combined with a dual-fan convection structure within the cavity, to achieve uniform gas distribution. Through an intelligent wind speed control algorithm and power detection mechanism, the fan power is adjusted in real time to ensure a stable wind speed that meets the sensor's response requirements and avoids abnormal wind speed affecting detection accuracy. The device also improves output stability through data averaging processing. After installation, users can obtain accurate environmental data in real time via an external communication port, providing a reliable solution for environmental quality monitoring.

[0138] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0139] It should be noted that this electronic device is merely an example adapted to the present invention and should not be construed as providing any limitation on the scope of use of the present invention. Furthermore, this electronic device should not be interpreted as requiring or depending on having... Figure 5 One or more components of the exemplary electronic device 2000 shown.

[0140] The hardware structure of electronic devices 2000 can vary significantly due to differences in configuration or performance, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 2000 includes: a power supply 210, an interface 230, at least one memory 250, and at least one central processing unit (CPU) 270.

[0141] Specifically, power supply 210 is used to provide operating voltage for various hardware devices on electronic device 2000.

[0142] Interface 230 includes at least one wired or wireless network interface 231 for interacting with external devices. Of course, in other examples adapted to this invention, interface 230 may further include at least one serial-to-parallel conversion interface 233, at least one input / output interface 235, and at least one USB interface 237, etc. Figure 5 As shown, this does not constitute a specific limitation.

[0143] The memory 250 serves as a carrier for resource storage and can be a read-only memory, random access memory, disk, or optical disk, etc. The resources stored on it include the operating system 251, application programs 253, and data 255, etc., and the storage method can be temporary storage or permanent storage.

[0144] The operating system 251 is used to manage and control the various hardware devices and application programs 253 on the electronic device 2000, so as to enable the central processing unit 270 to perform calculations and processing on the massive data 255 in the memory 250. It can be Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, etc.

[0145] Application 253 is a computer-readable instruction based on operating system 251 that performs at least one specific task, and may include at least one module ( Figure 5 (Not shown), each module may contain computer-readable instructions for electronic device 2000. For example, the environmental sensing and monitoring device may be considered as application program 253 deployed on electronic device 2000.

[0146] Data 255 may be signal information, etc., and is stored in memory 250.

[0147] The central processing unit 270 may include one or more processors and is configured to communicate with the memory 250 via at least one communication bus to read computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 250, thereby performing operations and processing on massive amounts of data 255 stored in the memory 250. For example, an environmental sensing and monitoring method may be implemented by the central processing unit 270 reading a series of computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 250.

[0148] Furthermore, the present invention can also be implemented through hardware circuits or a combination of hardware circuits and software. Therefore, the implementation of the present invention is not limited to any specific hardware circuit, software, or combination thereof.

[0149] Please see Figure 6 This invention provides an electronic device 4000, which may include: a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a server, etc., with sensor recognition capabilities.

[0150] exist Figure 6 In this context, the electronic device 4000 includes at least one processor 4001 and at least one memory 4003.

[0151] The data interaction between the processor 4001 and the memory 4003 can be achieved through at least one communication bus 4002. This communication bus 4002 may include a path for transmitting data between the processor 4001 and the memory 4003. The communication bus 4002 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The communication bus 4002 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 6 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0152] Optionally, the electronic device 4000 may further include a transceiver 4004, which can be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as sending and / or receiving data. It should be noted that in practical applications, the transceiver 4004 is not limited to one type, and the structure of the electronic device 4000 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0153] Processor 4001 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this invention. Processor 4001 may also be a combination that implements computational functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0154] The memory 4003 may be a ROM (Read-Only Memory) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, RAM (Random Access Memory) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or it may be an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) or other optical disc storage, optical disk storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program instructions or code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by the electronic device 4000, but not limited thereto.

[0155] The memory 4003 stores computer-readable instructions, and the processor 4001 can read the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 4003 through the communication bus 4002.

[0156] The computer-readable instructions are executed by one or more processors 4001 to implement the environmental sensing and monitoring methods in the above embodiments.

[0157] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention provides a storage medium storing computer-readable instructions, which are executed by one or more processors to implement the environmental sensing and monitoring method described above.

[0158] This invention provides a computer program product, which includes computer-readable instructions stored in a storage medium. One or more processors of an electronic device read the computer-readable instructions from the storage medium, load and execute the computer-readable instructions, thereby enabling the electronic device to implement the environmental sensing and monitoring method described above.

[0159] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0160] 1. This invention can significantly improve the accuracy of environmental sensing detection; by forming a uniform gas distribution environment through a dual-fan convection system, and by adjusting the fan speed in real time with a power detection-feedback mechanism, the sensor can be ensured to work under stable airflow conditions, eliminating local low concentration or depletion effects, and controlling the detection error to within 5%.

[0161] 2. This invention has strong environmental adaptability; through the opening and external design of the outer shell, the air inlet is close to the external environment, and the position of the air outlet can be flexibly adjusted according to the internal circuit requirements to avoid interference with sensitive components, or to use a fan to accelerate heat flow and improve circuit efficiency.

[0162] 3. This invention achieves intelligent wind speed control; through the built-in power detection circuit and MCU algorithm, it dynamically matches the wind speed with the sensor response time (T≥I), and combined with the air flow buffer design, it prevents excessively high wind speed from causing too fast gas replacement or excessively low wind speed from causing uneven flow, thus ensuring detection stability.

[0163] 4. This invention optimizes the reliability of data processing; it adopts an average algorithm for data under multiple fixed-distance wind speeds, filters out the maximum / minimum values ​​and takes the average, effectively improving the smoothness and accuracy of data, and providing users with stable and reliable environmental quality monitoring results.

[0164] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying figures may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0165] The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental sensing and monitoring method, characterized in that, The method includes: An airflow regulation mechanism is constructed based on a fan, a power detection circuit, and a fan drive circuit. The fan speed is controlled by a microcontroller, and the fan speed is adjusted according to the response time of each sensor. The sensors include a particulate matter sensor and a gas sensor. The microcontroller activates each of the sensors, synchronously initiates the airflow adjustment mechanism, and detects whether the airflow in the environment meets the set conditions. If it does, the sensors are activated; otherwise, the adjustment continues. The set conditions include that the residence time of the object to be measured is greater than the response time of each sensor. The environmental quality data is acquired and stored multiple times by each of the sensors, and the environmental quality data is processed by the microcontroller according to the response acquisition time of each sensor and the residence time of the object to be measured. The environmental quality data acquired multiple times are comprehensively processed to obtain the final environmental monitoring data, which is then uploaded through a communication interface; the comprehensive processing includes data filtering and statistical analysis.

2. The environmental sensing and monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring and storing various environmental quality data multiple times through each of the aforementioned sensors includes: When collecting the environmental quality data, the specific timestamp and the corresponding sensor identifier are recorded, and the raw data is collected in real time by each of the sensors and uploaded to the microcontroller. The microcontroller removes abnormal data points from the raw data caused by instability during sensor startup or external interference, thus obtaining various environmental quality data.

3. The environmental sensing and monitoring method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The process of processing the environmental quality data by the microcontroller based on the response acquisition time of each sensor and the residence time of the analyte includes: For each of the aforementioned sensors, the microcontroller calculates the number of samplings based on the timestamp, sensor identifier, and dwell time of the object being measured. The environmental quality data is obtained by removing the maximum and minimum values ​​from the environmental quality data collected multiple times by the same sensor based on the sampling number, and then taking the average value.

4. The environmental sensing and monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of comprehensively processing the environmental quality data acquired multiple times to obtain the final environmental monitoring data includes: The microcontroller filters all the environmental quality data to obtain the final environmental quality monitoring data; the filtering process includes sliding window averaging and weighted averaging.

5. An environmental sensing and monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: a PM2.5 sensor, a microcontroller (MCU), a power detection circuit, a fan drive circuit, a communication interface, a power supply system module, an intake fan, an exhaust fan, a TVOC sensor, a formaldehyde sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a PCB board, and a housing.

6. The environmental sensing and monitoring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The PM2.5 sensor has one air outlet and two air inlets; the PM2.5 sensor is located in the upper left corner of the device; the intake fan is located below the PM2.5 sensor; the intake fan has three air inlets; the microcontroller (MCU) is located on the PCB board; the power detection circuit is connected to the fan drive circuit and the microcontroller (MCU).

7. The environmental sensing and monitoring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust fan is attached to the lower right corner of the outer casing of the device; the exhaust fan has three air intakes; the fan drive circuit adjusts the airflow speed and direction under the control of the microcontroller (MCU). The communication interface supports bidirectional communication; the power supply module provides a stable power supply.

8. The environmental sensing and monitoring device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The TVOC sensor, formaldehyde sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, and carbon monoxide sensor are all connected to the microcontroller MCU; the PCB board integrates the microcontroller MCU, power detection circuit, and fan drive circuit; the housing serves as the outer shell of the device.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor and at least one memory, wherein, The memory stores computer-readable instructions; The computer-readable instructions are executed by one or more of the processors, causing the electronic device to implement the environmental sensing and monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. A storage medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer-readable instructions are executed by one or more processors to implement the environmental sensing and monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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