112 exterior line measurement method and system based on telephone network

Abstract

The invention discloses a 112 external line measurement method and system based on a telephone network, and relates to the technical field of communication network operation and maintenance, and the method comprises the steps: supporting three test types, namely roll call test, routine test and dynamic test, and the three test types are all based on the same parameter collection, optimization and analysis process; various parameters of an external line are collected through a measurement module, and the various parameters comprise AC voltage, DC voltage, resistance, capacitance and telephone resistance and capacitance between A and B, between A and ground and between B and ground. According to the 112 exterior line measurement method and system, by supporting three test types of roll call test, routine test and dynamic test, diversified test requirements are met, the test flexibility and efficiency are improved, the measurement module is adopted to collect exterior line parameters, systematic optimization is carried out in combination with factory calibration values, the accuracy of data is ensured, and the test efficiency is improved. The influence of line environment factors on the measurement result is reduced, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication network operation and maintenance technology, specifically to a method and system for measuring 112 outside lines based on telephone networks. Background Technology

[0002] The 112 line measurement technology, a crucial technique for ensuring the stable operation of telephone networks, is primarily used to detect and analyze the electrical parameters of telephone lines. This allows for rapid identification and location of line faults, making it a key component in improving the reliability of communication services. Its core function lies in collecting key parameters such as voltage, resistance, and capacitance of the lines, combined with specific judgment logic, to promptly detect faults such as short circuits, open circuits, and grounding faults. This provides maintenance personnel with accurate fault information, shortens troubleshooting time, and reduces the impact of network interruptions on user communication. With the expansion of telephone networks and increasing user demands for communication quality, higher requirements are placed on 112 line measurement technology in terms of testing efficiency, judgment accuracy, and adaptability.

[0003] Currently, existing 112 outside line measurement methods have some room for optimization in practical applications. For example, some measurement methods are relatively limited in test types, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the needs of user-initiated roll call tests, regularly executed routine tests, and dynamic tests triggered by user behavior; after parameter collection, there is a lack of systematic optimization based on factory calibration values, which may lead to data accuracy being affected by factors such as the line environment; fault diagnosis often relies on fixed thresholds, failing to fully incorporate health record data of the line under normal conditions, and lacks adaptability to different cable types and lengths, potentially leading to judgment biases in complex scenarios. Furthermore, there is room for improvement in conflict handling during multi-channel testing and the flexibility of user interaction. To address these issues, we propose a 112 outside line measurement method and system based on telephone networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a method and system for measuring 112 external lines based on telephone networks is provided. This technical solution solves the problems mentioned above, such as: the test types being relatively limited and unable to meet diverse testing needs; the lack of systematic optimization based on factory calibration values ​​after parameter acquisition, which easily affects data accuracy; fault diagnosis relying on fixed thresholds and not fully integrating health record data; insufficient adaptability to different cables; and room for improvement in handling conflicts during multi-channel testing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network, comprising:

[0007] It supports three test types: name-calling test, routine test, and dynamic test. All three test types are based on the same parameter collection, optimization, and analysis process.

[0008] The measurement module collects various parameters of the external line, including AC voltage, DC voltage, resistance, capacitance, and telephone resistance and capacitance between A and B, between A and ground, and between B and ground.

[0009] The collected parameters are optimized based on the resistance and capacitance calibration values ​​written at the factory. These calibration values ​​are obtained by measuring the actual parameters at the resistance and capacitance calibration points and fitting a trend curve.

[0010] By combining the call health record data established when the service was activated, and based on the preset fault judgment conditions, the fault type and the reference location of some faults are analyzed.

[0011] A 112 outside line measurement system based on a telephone network includes:

[0012] The network management server is used to configure test parameters, receive and analyze measurement data, and present fault results.

[0013] The remote access device includes a measurement module, an MCU board, and an FXS board. The measurement module is connected to the external line via a measurement bus and a relay. The relay is connected to the voice line by default and switches to the measurement bus during testing.

[0014] The transmission network is used to realize the transmission of control information and measurement data between the network management server and remote access devices;

[0015] The health record management module is used to create, store, update, and reconstruct health records for the call path, and these health records are used in the fault diagnosis process.

[0016] Preferably, the common process for the three test types includes:

[0017] The measurement module collects various parameters;

[0018] The MCU board uses factory calibration values ​​to optimize the acquired parameters;

[0019] The optimized parameters are compared with health record data, and the fault type is determined based on preset thresholds.

[0020] The network management server receives and presents the analysis results.

[0021] Preferably, the roll call test includes:

[0022] Users initiate a test by selecting a phone number and voice channel number through the network administrator. The system first checks if there are other voice channels undergoing roll call testing. If so, the user is prompted to choose to join the test queue or wait.

[0023] If not, a test command is sent to the remote access device, the FXS board collects various parameters and transmits them to the MCU, and then reports them to the network management server;

[0024] If a user is detected to have picked up the phone during the test, a pop-up window will appear on the network management interface to prompt the user whether to perform a forced test. If the user selects to perform a forced test, the test will continue; otherwise, the test will be terminated and the status will be recorded.

[0025] The collected data is returned within a preset time. The network management server analyzes the data to determine the fault scenario, presents the results on the system interface and reports an alarm. After the test is completed, the test status is updated.

[0026] Preferably, the routine test includes:

[0027] At the factory, calibration values ​​are written to the business boards. The resistance is calibrated by short-circuiting the AB line at 0m, 1km, and 5km, measuring the difference between the resistance and the actual value, fitting a linear trend line, and writing the function parameters into the board. The capacitance is calibrated by measuring the AB line capacitance at 0m and 1.5km, fitting a trend curve, and writing the parameters into the board.

[0028] When the service is activated, 112 measurements are performed to establish a health record, which consists of various parameters of the call path under normal conditions;

[0029] Users start routine tests and configure time periods through the network management client. After the specified time is reached, the MCU board sends instructions to the FXS board to collect various parameters.

[0030] After data acquisition is completed, the data is transmitted to the MCU via an interrupt. After calibration and optimization, the data is reported to the network management server through the DCN management channel.

[0031] The network management server analyzes the data based on the fault diagnosis criteria and displays the conclusion of normal or fault and the location.

[0032] Preferably, the time period configuration for the routine test supports multiple granularities, including specified time periods per day, week, and month, with one time period configured for each channel. After the user configures the period in the network management client, the network management server sends the configuration information to the remote access device, and the MCU board of the remote access device records the configuration. When the configured test time is reached, the MCU board automatically sends a test command to the FXS board to start data acquisition. If the user updates the period configuration, the network management server sends the new configuration to the remote access device, the device updates the record and executes the test according to the new period, and at the same time, the network management server stores the configuration data in the database, and the interface synchronously displays the updated configuration information.

[0033] Preferably, the dynamic test includes:

[0034] Users configure the dynamic test enable status of phone numbers and voice channel numbers through the network management system. Once enabled, the remote access device automatically starts the test when it detects that the user has changed from off-hook to on-hook.

[0035] During the test, the FXS board collects various parameters. After the collection is completed, it triggers an interrupt to the MCU to request the collection results and report them to the network management server.

[0036] If the system detects that a user has picked up the phone during the test, it will immediately stop the test and resume dialing.

[0037] If parallel operation is detected, the system will issue an audible alert and report an alarm, while simultaneously recording the test data and status for network administrators to query.

[0038] Preferably, the step of analyzing and determining the fault type based on preset fault judgment conditions includes:

[0039] When determining a short circuit, if the resistance between A and B is within the first preset threshold range, then it is a short circuit.

[0040] When determining if a phone call is not answered, if the phone's impedance is less than the second preset threshold value of the phone's impedance in the health record, then the phone call is not answered.

[0041] When it is determined that line A has touched the ground, if the resistance between A and ground is within the third preset threshold range and the capacitance between A and ground is greater than the fourth preset threshold, then line A has touched the ground.

[0042] When determining if AB is disconnected, if the capacitance between AB, between A and ground, and between B and ground are all less than the corresponding values ​​in the health record, and the capacitance between A and ground minus the capacitance between B and ground is less than the fifth preset threshold of the corresponding difference in the health record, then AB is disconnected.

[0043] Other fault types are determined by comparing the differences between various parameters and health records, as well as preset threshold ranges, which are dynamically adjusted based on cable type and length parameters.

[0044] Preferably, the data transmission between the remote access device and the network management server includes:

[0045] By using an interrupt-driven approach combined with the UDP protocol, the FXS board of the remote access device collects data and then quickly transmits it to the MCU via an interrupt-driven approach.

[0046] The MCU sends the optimized parameters to the network management server via the UDP protocol over the transmission network;

[0047] The system is set up with a timed synchronization mechanism to periodically collect measurement data from the devices, compare it with the existing data on the network management server, discard identical data, and store different data in the database.

[0048] Preferably, the operation process of the health record management module includes:

[0049] Establish a health record when the service is activated, and collect various parameters of the call path under normal conditions through 112 measurement;

[0050] Health records are stored in the database of remote access devices and network management servers;

[0051] When a fault is detected or the user actively triggers it, the current port's health record value is cleared, and the data is collected and re-established.

[0052] The reconstructed data overwrites the original health records and is used as a benchmark for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0054] The proposed 112-line measurement method and system supports three test types: spot testing, routine testing, and dynamic testing, meeting diverse testing needs and improving testing flexibility and efficiency. It uses a measurement module to collect line parameters and performs systematic optimization based on factory calibration values, ensuring data accuracy and reducing the impact of line environmental factors on measurement results. By establishing a call health record, the system can accurately analyze fault types and locations based on preset fault judgment conditions, improving the adaptability and accuracy of fault judgment. Optimizations have also been made in handling multi-call test conflicts and enhancing user interaction flexibility, improving user experience. An efficient data transmission mechanism between the remote access device and the network management server ensures data real-time performance and integrity. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a system framework diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the 112 external line measurement method based on the telephone network supports three test types: name-based testing, routine testing, and dynamic testing. Although these three test types have different application scenarios and triggering conditions, they all follow a core parameter collection, optimization, and analysis process.

[0059] The core of the measurement process lies in accurately acquiring key electrical parameters of the external line through a dedicated measurement module. These parameters cover the AC voltage, DC voltage, resistance, and capacitance between line A and line B (AB-B), between line A and ground (A-Ground), and between line B and ground (B-Ground). It also includes the equivalent resistance-capacitance characteristics of the telephone connected to the line.

[0060] To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the collected raw parameter data, the system undergoes precise calibration before leaving the factory. The calibration process involves accurately measuring the actual parameter values ​​of the line at specific, known length resistance and capacitance calibration points. For example, resistance calibration involves artificially short-circuiting the A and B lines at 0 meters, 1 kilometer, and 5 kilometers, measuring the resistance values, and recording the difference between the actual measured values ​​and the theoretical or expected values. Capacitance calibration typically measures the actual capacitance between the A and B lines at 0 meters and 1.5 kilometers.

[0061] Using data measured at specific points, the system mathematically fits trend curves of resistance and capacitance as a function of line length. Key function parameters describing these curves (such as slope and intercept) are written into the non-volatile memory of the service board as factory calibration values. In actual measurements, the acquired raw parameters are compensated and optimized based on these preset calibration values, effectively eliminating inherent errors in the measurement system and the fundamental impact of line length, thus obtaining optimized parameter values ​​that more closely reflect the actual condition of the line. Fault diagnosis is not performed in isolation but is combined with valuable baseline data established during service activation—the call path health record.

[0062] The health record documents the optimized parameter values ​​of the call path under initial normal and fault-free conditions. Based on preset and verified fault judgment conditions, the system compares and analyzes the currently optimized measurement parameters with the baseline values ​​in the health record. These judgment conditions define parameter characteristic thresholds corresponding to various fault types. For example, when judging a short circuit between lines A and B, it checks whether the resistance between A and B is below a specific, very small threshold range; when judging that the user has not answered the phone, it checks whether the measured equivalent resistance and capacitance of the phone are significantly less than the normal value recorded in the health record (below the second preset threshold); when judging a ground fault on line A, it requires that the resistance between A and ground be below the third threshold and the capacitance between A and ground be above the fourth threshold simultaneously; while judging a simultaneous break in lines A and B (AB break) is more complex, requiring that the capacitance between A and B, the capacitance between A and ground, and the capacitance between B and ground all be much smaller than the corresponding values ​​in the health record (indicating an open circuit characteristic), and the difference between the capacitance between A and ground and the capacitance between B and ground is also less than the fifth preset threshold for this difference in the health record (indicating a relatively balanced break).

[0063] It is worth noting that these preset thresholds are not fixed, but are dynamically calculated and adjusted based on the actual physical characteristics of the line, such as the type of cable used (diameter and material) and the line length parameters determined at the time of commissioning. This makes fault diagnosis more adaptable to the actual situation of the specific line. Through this comparative analysis, the system can accurately identify the fault type and provide possible reference location information for some faults (such as single-wire grounding and open circuits).

[0064] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the system architecture for implementing the above measurement method mainly consists of several key parts. The network management server, as the core control and presentation unit of the system, is responsible for configuring various test parameters (such as test type, time, object, etc.), receiving measurement data from the field, executing the core fault analysis algorithm, and intuitively presenting the final analysis results (fault type, location) and alarm information to the operation and maintenance personnel.

[0065] Remote access equipment is deployed in field environments close to the user line (such as access network equipment rooms, optical network units, etc.) and is a key node for performing physical measurements. It consists of three core components: a measurement module responsible for high-precision electrical parameter acquisition; an MCU board, the intelligent control core of the equipment, responsible for controlling the test process, calling calibration values ​​to optimize data, and managing communication; and an FXS board that simulates the user-end equipment, providing basic telephone functions such as ringing current and power supply, and serving as an interface bridge between the measurement module and the user's external line under test.

[0066] The measurement module connects to the external line interface via a dedicated measurement bus, which is typically switched using relays. By default, the relay connects the user's external line to the voice line of the FXS board, ensuring normal telephone communication. When a 112 test is required, the relay, under the control of the MCU, switches the user's external line to the measurement bus, allowing the measurement module to directly measure various parameters of the external line. The transmission network forms the communication bridge between the network management server and numerous remote access devices, carrying the distribution of test commands and configuration information, as well as the reporting of measurement data and analysis results. It typically utilizes the existing data communication network channels of the devices. The health record management module is the fundamental support for the system's intelligent fault diagnosis. It is responsible for establishing a health record for each call line during service activation through initial 112 measurements and securely storing these records locally on the remote access devices and in the central database of the network management server. This module also provides record query and update functions, and under specific conditions (such as after line repair or suspected record inaccuracies), it supports clearing and re-establishing health records for specified ports. The reconstructed health record data will overwrite the old data, serving as the latest comparison benchmark for subsequent fault diagnosis.

[0067] The shared core operational flow across the three test types reflects the consistency of the methodology. First, the measurement module on the remote access device performs the specific parameter acquisition task. Next, the MCU board on this device calls the factory-written resistance and capacitance calibration values ​​(i.e., the function parameters that fit the trend curve) to perform mathematical calculations and optimization on the acquired raw parameters, compensating for system errors and the influence of line length. Then, the system compares the optimized parameters with health record data (normal baseline values) stored locally or obtained from the server for that call. The MCU board or network management server performs a preliminary analysis based on preset dynamic threshold conditions that consider line type and length, determining whether a fault exists and its possible type. Finally, the analysis results (whether based on the MCU's preliminary judgment or the server's final analysis) are reported to the network management server for unified management, recording, and clear presentation to the user on the management interface.

[0068] A call-to-action test is an on-demand test initiated by operations and maintenance personnel for a specific user's external line. The user initiates the test request by selecting the target phone number and its corresponding physical voice channel number through the network management client interface. Upon receiving the request, the system first checks if any other calls are currently undergoing call-to-action testing (due to potential limitations in measurement resources). If a conflict exists, the system prompts the user to join the test waiting queue or try again later. If resources are available, the network management server immediately issues a test command to the corresponding remote access device. Upon receiving the command, the device's MCU controls a relay to switch the target external line to the measurement bus, and the FXS board drives the measurement module to collect various parameters. The collected raw data is transmitted to the MCU via the device's internal bus for optimization processing and then reported to the network management server. An important user experience design feature is that if the test detects that the user is off-hook (meaning the user intends to use the phone), the network management interface immediately pops up a prompt window asking the operations and maintenance personnel whether to perform a "forced test" (i.e., continue the test regardless of the user's off-hook status). If the maintenance personnel select "No," the system immediately terminates the test, restores the voice connection of the user's line, and records the test status as "interrupted by user picking up the phone." If they select "Yes," the test continues. The network management server needs to receive the measurement data within the preset timeout period. Once received, the server uses its complete set of fault judgment conditions to perform in-depth analysis of the data to determine the specific fault scenario. The analysis results and corresponding alarm information will be displayed on the system interface, and the test status will be updated to "Completed."

[0069] Routine testing is a periodically automated preventative maintenance test used to monitor line health. It is based on factory calibration and the establishment of health records upon service activation. The factory calibration process is as described above: resistance calibration involves short-circuiting the A and B lines at three points: 0 meters, 1 kilometer, and 5 kilometers, measuring the actual resistance, calculating the deviation from the ideal value, fitting a linear trend line, and writing the parameters of the linear function into the control board; capacitance calibration involves measuring the capacitance between the A and B lines at two points: 0 meters and 1.5 kilometers, fitting a capacitance trend curve (usually non-linear), and also writing the curve parameters into the control board. Upon service activation, the system performs a complete 112 measurement and saves the optimized parameter values ​​as the initial "health record" for that voice channel, representing the baseline parameters under fault-free and normally installed phone conditions. Maintenance personnel can configure routine test plans through the network management client, flexibly setting the test cycle and supporting execution daily, weekly, or monthly within specific time periods. Crucially, each voice channel can have its own individual test time window configured. After configuration, the network management server sends the configuration information to the corresponding remote access devices, where it is recorded and stored by their MCU boards. When the internal clock of the MCU board reaches the configured test time point, it automatically triggers the test process: sending a command to the FXS board to start collecting parameters for the external line. After data collection is complete, the FXS board quickly notifies the MCU via a hardware interrupt. The MCU acquires the data, calls the calibration values ​​for optimization, and then reports the optimized parameters to the network management server through the device's data communication network channel. After receiving the data, the server analyzes it according to preset fault judgment conditions, concludes that the line is "normal" or "faulty," and displays the results on the interface. For faults, it also provides the type and possible reference location. If the maintenance personnel subsequently modify the test cycle configuration of a certain channel, the network management server will send the new configuration information, the MCU of the remote device will update its local records, and subsequent tests will be executed according to the new cycle. At the same time, the server will store the updated configuration in the central database and synchronously display the latest configuration information on the management interface.

[0070] Dynamic testing is an automated test triggered by user call behavior, designed to capture the line status at the moment of hanging up, which is particularly effective for troubleshooting intermittent faults. Maintenance personnel configure "Dynamic Testing Enabled" for specific phone numbers and voice channel numbers through the network management system. Once enabled, the remote access device continuously monitors the line status. When it detects that a user has finished a call and changed from off-hook to on-hook, the device automatically initiates a 112 test process without manual intervention. After the test starts, the FXS board's control and measurement module collects various parameters. After collection, it quickly notifies the MCU to read the results via an interrupt. The MCU reports the optimized data to the network management server for analysis. To ensure that normal user calls are not affected, the system is designed with a protection mechanism: if the system detects that the user is off-hook again during the dynamic test (possibly immediately before making another call), the system will immediately and unconditionally stop the test, restore the line's voice connection, and allow the user to hear the dial tone normally. Furthermore, if "parallel access" (i.e., unauthorized extension access, usually manifested as abnormal changes in capacitance) is detected during dynamic testing, the system will not only record test data and status but also report an alarm through the network management system. It can also trigger a specific audible alert (such as a special busy tone) on remote devices to warn the unauthorized access user. All dynamic test results and data are stored on the network management server for maintenance personnel to query and analyze.

[0071] The data transmission mechanism between the remote access device and the network management server balances real-time performance and efficiency. Internally, after the FXS board completes data acquisition, it notifies the MCU via a hardware interrupt. This mechanism ensures extremely low latency in data transmission from the acquisition unit to the control unit. The MCU optimizes the data, encapsulates it using the UDP protocol, and sends it to the network management server via the transmission network. The choice of the UDP protocol is primarily based on its suitability for scenarios with high real-time requirements and strong packet independence. Although it does not guarantee reliable transmission, it can meet the requirements when combined with application-layer timeout retransmission or periodic testing mechanisms. To maintain consistency between the network management server data and the actual device status, the system also implements a timed synchronization mechanism. The network management server periodically (e.g., daily or weekly) proactively initiates measurement data acquisition requests to the remote access device. The acquired data is compared with the latest data existing in the server's database. If the data is completely consistent, it is discarded to save storage space; if a difference is found, the new data is stored in the database to ensure the accuracy of historical records.

[0072] The health record management module is the foundation of the system's intelligent diagnostics. Its core operation begins during the service activation phase. By executing a standard 112 measurement procedure, it collects and optimizes all key parameter values ​​of the call path in its initial good condition, forming a "health record" for that call path. This record is simultaneously stored in the local storage of the remote access device (for rapid localized judgment) and in the central database of the network management server (for centralized management and backup). The health record is not static. When the system detects a line fault and restores it after repair, or when maintenance personnel, based on experience, suspect that the current health record no longer accurately reflects the normal state of the line (e.g., line aging, phone replacement), they can manually trigger the clearing and rebuilding of the health record for a specified port through the network management interface. After this operation command is sent to the remote device, the device immediately performs a new 112 measurement on that port and stores the optimized parameters as the new health record values, overwriting the old record. This newly created health record then becomes the latest and most accurate benchmark for all subsequent fault diagnosis and analysis.

[0073] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network, characterized in that, include: It supports three test types: name-calling test, routine test, and dynamic test. All three test types are based on the same parameter collection, optimization, and analysis process. The measurement module collects various parameters of the external line, including AC voltage, DC voltage, resistance, capacitance, and telephone resistance and capacitance between A and B, between A and ground, and between B and ground. The collected parameters are optimized based on the resistance and capacitance calibration values ​​written at the factory. These calibration values ​​are obtained by measuring the actual parameters at the resistance and capacitance calibration points and fitting a trend curve. By combining the call health record data established when the service was activated, and based on the preset fault judgment conditions, the fault type and the reference location of some faults are analyzed.

2. A 112 outside line measurement system based on a telephone network, characterized in that, include: The network management server is used to configure test parameters, receive and analyze measurement data, and present fault results. The remote access device includes a measurement module, an MCU board, and an FXS board. The measurement module is connected to the external line via a measurement bus and a relay. The relay is connected to the voice line by default and switches to the measurement bus during testing. The transmission network is used to realize the transmission of control information and measurement data between the network management server and remote access devices; The health record management module is used to create, store, update, and reconstruct health records for the call path, and these health records are used in the fault diagnosis process.

3. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The common process for the three test types includes: The measurement module collects various parameters; The MCU board uses factory calibration values ​​to optimize the acquired parameters; The optimized parameters are compared with health record data, and the fault type is determined based on preset thresholds. The network management server receives and presents the analysis results.

4. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roll call test includes: Users initiate a test by selecting a phone number and voice channel number through the network administrator. The system first checks if there are other voice channels undergoing roll call testing. If so, the user is prompted to choose to join the test queue or wait. If not, a test command is sent to the remote access device, the FXS board collects various parameters and transmits them to the MCU, and then reports them to the network management server; If a user is detected to have picked up the phone during the test, a pop-up window will appear on the network management interface to prompt the user whether to perform a forced test. If the user selects to perform a forced test, the test will continue; otherwise, the test will be terminated and the status will be recorded. The collected data is returned within a preset time. The network management server analyzes the data to determine the fault scenario, presents the results on the system interface and reports an alarm. After the test is completed, the test status is updated.

5. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The routine tests include: At the factory, calibration values ​​are written to the business boards. The resistance is calibrated by short-circuiting the AB line at 0m, 1km, and 5km, measuring the difference between the resistance and the actual value, fitting a linear trend line, and writing the function parameters into the board. The capacitance is calibrated by measuring the AB line capacitance at 0m and 1.5km, fitting a trend curve, and writing the parameters into the board. When the service is activated, 112 measurements are performed to establish a health record, which consists of various parameters of the call path under normal conditions; Users start routine tests and configure time periods through the network management client. After the specified time is reached, the MCU board sends instructions to the FXS board to collect various parameters. After data acquisition is completed, the data is transmitted to the MCU via an interrupt. After calibration and optimization, the data is reported to the network management server through the DCN management channel. The network management server analyzes the data based on the fault diagnosis criteria and displays the conclusion of normal or fault and the location.

6. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The routine test time period configuration supports multiple granularities, including specified time periods per day, week, and month, with one time period configured for each channel. After the user configures the period in the network management client, the network management server sends the configuration information to the remote access device, and the MCU board of the remote access device records the configuration. When the configured test time arrives, the MCU board automatically sends test commands to the FXS board to start data acquisition. If the user updates the period configuration, the network management server sends the new configuration to the remote access device, the device updates the record and executes the test according to the new period, and at the same time, the network management server stores the configuration data in the database, and the interface synchronously displays the updated configuration information.

7. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic test includes: Users configure the dynamic test enable status of phone numbers and voice channel numbers through the network management system. Once enabled, the remote access device automatically starts the test when it detects that the user has changed from off-hook to on-hook. During the test, the FXS board collects various parameters. After the collection is completed, it triggers an interrupt to the MCU to request the collection results and report them to the network management server. If the system detects that a user has picked up the phone during the test, it will immediately stop the test and resume dialing. If parallel operation is detected, the system will issue an audible alert and report an alarm, while simultaneously recording the test data and status for network administrators to query.

8. The method for measuring 112 outside lines based on a telephone network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault type is determined based on preset fault judgment conditions, including: When determining a short circuit, if the resistance between A and B is within the first preset threshold range, then it is a short circuit. When determining if a phone call is not answered, if the phone's impedance is less than the second preset threshold value of the phone's impedance in the health record, then the phone call is not answered. When it is determined that line A has touched the ground, if the resistance between A and ground is within the third preset threshold range and the capacitance between A and ground is greater than the fourth preset threshold, then line A has touched the ground. When determining if AB is disconnected, if the capacitance between AB, between A and ground, and between B and ground are all less than the corresponding values ​​in the health record, and the capacitance between A and ground minus the capacitance between B and ground is less than the fifth preset threshold of the corresponding difference in the health record, then AB is disconnected. Other fault types are determined by comparing the differences between various parameters and health records, as well as preset threshold ranges, which are dynamically adjusted based on cable type and length parameters.

9. A 112 outside line measurement system based on a telephone network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data transmission between the remote access device and the network management server includes: By using an interrupt-driven approach combined with the UDP protocol, the FXS board of the remote access device collects data and then quickly transmits it to the MCU via an interrupt-driven approach. The MCU sends the optimized parameters to the network management server via the UDP protocol over the transmission network; The system is set up with a timed synchronization mechanism to periodically collect measurement data from the devices, compare it with the existing data on the network management server, discard identical data, and store different data in the database.

10. A 112 outside line measurement system based on a telephone network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operation process of the health record management module includes: Establish a health record when the service is activated, and collect various parameters of the call path under normal conditions through 112 measurement; Health records are stored in the database of remote access devices and network management servers; When a fault is detected or the user actively triggers it, the current port's health record value is cleared, and the data is collected and re-established. The reconstructed data overwrites the original health records and is used as a benchmark for subsequent fault diagnosis.

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