Laser land leveler

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a laser land leveler which comprises a traction frame and further comprises a machine frame rotationally connected to one side of the traction frame through a rotating shaft. The leveling assembly is arranged on the outer surface of the rack and comprises a scraping plate; and the supporting assembly is arranged on one side of the rack and comprises four tires. The device is flexible to move, stable in structure, capable of limiting tire shaking through a hydraulic cylinder, capable of achieving bumping stretching energy absorption, capable of achieving sinking compression supporting, capable of guaranteeing uniform scraper pressure, adaptive to complex ground, capable of achieving 100% of laser signal capture rate in undulating ground, capable of synchronously collecting data to generate a map, capable of preventing improper cutting, capable of controlling 20 sub-machines through a master machine, capable of achieving terahertz interconnection and capable of achieving operation area distribution through an ant colony algorithm. The receiver shell is resistant to high temperature and excellent in insulation and heat conduction, and the scraping plate is high in wear resistance and can be self-repaired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a laser land leveler. Background Technology

[0002] The core purpose of laser land levelers is to achieve high-precision land leveling using laser technology, and they are widely used in agriculture, engineering construction, and special site preparation.

[0003] Traditional laser graders have long relied on metal materials (such as high-manganese steel and aluminum alloys), resulting in three major technical bottlenecks: first, excessive weight leads to high energy consumption (the metal body accounts for more than 60% of the total weight of the equipment); second, soil acid and alkali corrosion causes annual maintenance costs to exceed 15% of the original equipment value; and third, the recycling rate of metal waste after decommissioning is less than 30%, which conflicts with the concept of green agricultural development. The mechanical structure of traditional laser graders has significant performance shortcomings: the laser receiving gimbal relies on mechanical bearings, resulting in a signal loss rate as high as 30% when operating on bumpy roads; the leveling scraper uses a rigid structure, and its single operating mode cannot adapt to changes in soil hardness (the resistance on hard ground is 3 times higher than on soft soil). The automation level of traditional laser graders is limited by three major technical bottlenecks: navigation relies on a single GPS signal, which fails in environments such as dense forests and tunnels; operational decisions rely on preset parameters, which cannot respond in real time to changes in soil texture (e.g., the optimal leveling depth difference between clay and sandy layers can be as high as 10cm); and equipment management adopts a reactive maintenance mode, resulting in a downtime rate as high as 8%.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a laser leveling machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems! Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a laser leveling machine suitable for various working environments. It overcomes the limitations of traditional materials, improves operational accuracy and adaptability, constructs a full-scene intelligent system, and achieves unmanned and collaborative operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser leveling machine, including a traction frame, and the laser leveling machine further includes:

[0007] The frame is rotatably connected to one side of the traction frame via a rotating shaft;

[0008] A leveling assembly, including a scraper, is installed on the outer surface of the frame;

[0009] The support assembly, located on one side of the frame, includes four tires;

[0010] The traction frame drives the machine frame to move through the four tires, so that the scraper pushes the raised ground and flattens the ground.

[0011] Preferably, the laser land leveler further comprises a supporting assembly and a laser receiver assembly.

[0012] The earth retaining plate is welded to the lower portion of the frame.

[0013] The side plates are arranged in mirror image and fixed to the outer surface of the earth retaining plate.

[0014] The lower end of the earth retaining plate is fixedly connected to one side of the blade through a bolt.

[0015] Preferably, the laser land leveler further comprises a supporting assembly and a laser receiver assembly.

[0016] The connecting beams are arranged in mirror image and fixed to the rear portion of the frame through a pin shaft.

[0017] The hydraulic cylinders are arranged in mirror image and rotatably connected to one side of the frame and one end of the connecting beam through a rotating shaft.

[0018] The two groups of tires are rotatably connected to one end of the connecting beams through bearings.

[0019] Preferably, the laser land leveler further comprises a supporting assembly and a laser receiver assembly.

[0020] Preferably, the shell of the laser receiver assembly is prepared from the following raw materials: 88-92 parts of modified composite powder, 2-9 parts of suspension, 3-5 parts of composite base material and 0.2-0.8 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550.

[0021] The shell of the laser receiver assembly is prepared as follows:

[0022] The modified composite powder, the suspension, the composite base material and the silane coupling agent KH-550 are added into a mixing kettle to prepare a mixed base material, and then the mixed base material is mixed at a rotating speed of 800 r / min for 10 min under nitrogen protection, anhydrous ethanol is added, the mass ratio of the mixed base material to the anhydrous ethanol is 1:12-21, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to prepare a composite slurry.

[0023] The composite slurry is injected into a mold, degassed at -0.095 MPa for 20-30 min, and then raised to 250 MPa at a rate of 5 MPa / min, and kept for 10 min to prepare a green body.

[0024] The green body is slowly heated to 600 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃ / min in a tube furnace, kept for 0.5-1.5 h, continuously heated to 800 ℃, kept for 2 h, heated to 1200 ℃ in an argon atmosphere, kept for 3 h, and finally heated to 1850 ℃ in an ammonia atmosphere at 0.08 MPa, kept for 5 h to prepare a rough blank.

[0025] The blank was etched in a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution at room temperature for 30 seconds, cleaned with deionized water 2-4 times, dried at 120°C, and then cut and processed to install the structure, thus preparing the shell of the laser receiver assembly 9.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the laser leveling machine of the present invention, the preparation process of the modified composite powder is as follows:

[0027] Aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare a first base material. The first base material was added to a ball mill, and then anhydrous ethanol of 200% of the mass of the first base material was added to it. The ball milling was carried out at a speed of 300-400 r / min for 24-36 h to prepare a slurry. The ball milling media was silicon nitride grinding balls, and the ball-to-material ratio was 5:1.

[0028] The slurry was transferred into a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of 180–200°C, an outlet temperature of 80–90°C, and an atomization pressure of 0.3–0.4 MPa to prepare composite particles.

[0029] After the composite particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve, they are placed in a crucible and then placed in a tube furnace. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 1000-1200℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min and calcined for 2-3 hours. Then, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature under nitrogen protection to prepare the composite powder.

[0030] The composite powder and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 1:10 to 12 and stirred at 1400 to 1600 r / min for 25 to 35 min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere and then dried to obtain the modified composite powder.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the laser leveling machine of the present invention, the preparation process of the suspension is as follows:

[0032] Vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were compounded at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite sintering aid. Then, the composite sintering aid and anhydrous ethanol were injected into an ultrasonic dispersion vessel at a mass ratio of 1:3 and ultrasonically dispersed at 60°C for 20-40 min to prepare a suspension.

[0033] The preparation process of the composite base material is as follows:

[0034] Silicon carbide micro powder, boron nitride micro powder, and yttrium oxide micro powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2 to prepare a functional filler. Then, nano boron powder was added to the functional filler in a mass ratio of 10:1 and placed in a planetary ball mill for 1 hour to prepare a composite matrix.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the laser leveling machine of the present invention, the scraper is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of pretreated polyetheretherketone resin, 20-25 parts of modified silicon carbide fiber, 8-12 parts of diamond particles, and 5-8 parts of compound slurry.

[0036] The scraper is prepared as follows:

[0037] Diamond particles were mixed with the compound slurry and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare the second base material. The second base material, pretreated polyether ether ketone resin and modified silicon carbide fiber were sequentially added to a twin-screw extruder. After extrusion, the mixture was water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite granules.

[0038] The composite granules are added to an injection molding machine, injected into a scraper-shaped mold, cooled and solidified, and then demolded to obtain a scraper blank.

[0039] The scraper blank was treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave field for 20 minutes to obtain the scraper.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the laser leveling machine of the present invention, the preparation process of the modified silicon carbide fiber is as follows:

[0041] Anhydrous ethanol and deionized water were mixed at a volume ratio of 11:1 to prepare a first solution; silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the first solution at a volume ratio of 1:50 and stirred to obtain a second solution.

[0042] The silicon carbide fiber was immersed in the second solution for 30 minutes, then removed and dried to obtain the modified silicon carbide fiber.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the laser leveling machine of the present invention, the preparation process of the compound slurry is as follows:

[0044] Maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1 and stirred at 200–400 rpm for 10–20 min to prepare a basic additive solution. The basic additive solution, epoxy resin microcapsules, and dicyandiamide were then mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 10:5:1 at 450–550 rpm for 15–25 min to prepare a compound slurry.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] By utilizing the rotation of tire bearings and the limiting vibration of hydraulic cylinders, the equipment achieves flexibility and stability, adapting to complex terrain and improving operational stability and laser capture rate. Through simultaneous collection of soil and terrain data and edge computing, it accurately provides flat ground parameters, avoiding improper cutting. By controlling the cluster of slave machines through a single master unit, combined with terahertz communication and ant colony algorithms, it ensures orderly operation and fault redistribution. Adaptive lighting adjustment ensures nighttime operation. The high temperature resistance, thermal insulation, and high precision of the laser receiver housing guarantee its environmental adaptability, reliability, and measurement accuracy. The wear resistance, high tensile strength, and self-healing properties of the scraper ensure its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0053] In the picture:

[0054] 1. Traction frame; 2. Frame; 3. Scraper; 4. Retaining plate; 5. Base; 6. Side plate; 7. Hydraulic cylinder; 8. Tires. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser leveling machine, the specific concept of which is as follows: It includes a traction frame 1, and the laser leveling machine also includes:

[0058] The frame 2 is rotatably connected to one side of the traction frame 1 via a rotating shaft;

[0059] A leveling assembly, including a scraper 3, is disposed on the outer surface of the frame 2;

[0060] The support assembly, located on one side of the frame 2, includes four tires 8;

[0061] The traction frame 1 drives the frame 2 to move through the four tires 8, so that the scraper 3 pushes the raised ground and flattens the ground.

[0062] Furthermore, the flat ground component also includes:

[0063] Retaining plate 4 is welded to the bottom of frame 2;

[0064] There are two side plates 6, which are fixedly welded to the outer surface of the retaining plate 4 and are mirror images of each other;

[0065] The lower end of the retaining plate 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper 3 by bolts.

[0066] In this embodiment, the specific type of leveling component can be various, and this application does not limit it. As an example of an optional leveling component, the component includes: a scraper 3, a retaining plate 4, and side plates 6, the specific quantity of each component as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the settings are as follows:

[0067] In this embodiment, a retaining plate 4 is provided, which is welded to the lower surface of the frame 2 and is set perpendicular to the lower surface of the frame 2 to provide installation space and transmit kinetic energy.

[0068] Side plates 6, used to enhance structural strength, are welded to both ends of the retaining plate 4 and the upper end is welded to the lower surface of the frame 2, providing support for the retaining plate 4 and preventing the retaining plate 4 from deforming under stress.

[0069] The scraper 3 used to push the soil is fixed to the lower end of the retaining plate 4 by multiple hexagonal bolts, which facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0070] In this embodiment: the traction frame 1 connects to the external traction equipment and is rotatably connected to the frame 2 via a rotating shaft. This not only stably transmits traction force to move the frame but also allows for slight adjustments to the ground surface through small rotations, reducing structural stress damage and improving terrain adaptability. The frame 2 converts the traction force into leveling power, while providing a stable installation reference to ensure component positioning and leveling accuracy. It also provides rigid support to withstand bulldozing resistance and prevent equipment deformation. In the leveling component, the scraper 3 is fixed to the lower end of the retaining plate 4 with hexagonal bolts, using its cutting edge to push soil and fill depressions, eliminating height differences. The bolted connection allows for easy replacement after wear, reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, it is adaptable to different soil types. The retaining plate 4 is vertically welded to the lower surface of the frame, which not only transmits power to ensure the stability of the scraper pushing the soil, but also restrains the soil to prevent it from overflowing, thus improving the accuracy of the operation. The side plate 6 forms a triangular support through double welding, which offsets the lateral bending moment generated by the reaction force of the retaining plate and prevents it from deforming or falling off, making it suitable for high-intensity operations. The four tires 8 of the support component reduce movement resistance and energy consumption through rolling friction, and can also adjust the height with elasticity to ensure the level of the frame, avoid uneven contact of the scraper 3, and at the same time buffer the impact of the ground to protect the components. The equipment is flexible in movement, has a stable structure, and ensures efficient and accurate operation, which can meet the leveling requirements of farmland and roadbed scenarios.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] like Figures 1-5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a support assembly, which is disposed on one side of the frame 2, including two connecting beams 10, which are connected to one side surface of the frame 2 by pins, and one end of each beam is rotatably connected to two sets of tires 8 by pins. One end of each connecting beam 10 is rotatably connected to one end of two hydraulic cylinders 7, and the other end of each hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to one side surface of the frame 2 by a rotating shaft.

[0073] When the connecting beam 10 is under stress, the two hydraulic cylinders 7 compress or stretch to absorb kinetic energy, provide buffering, suppress the vibration of the two sets of tires 8, and ensure the stability of the components.

[0074] In this embodiment, two connecting beams 10 are symmetrically connected to one side of the frame 2 via pins. One end is connected to two sets of tires 8 to ensure their normal rolling, and the other end is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 7. When the ground impact is transmitted through the tires 8, the rigid structure can convert the impact force into tension or pressure on the hydraulic cylinder 7, realizing the structural connection of the frame 2, tires 8, and hydraulic cylinder 7. At the same time, it disperses the load to avoid local damage and provides a force transmission basis for buffering. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected to form an "adjustable support arm". When the connecting beam 10 is displaced by the impact, the piston in the cylinder compresses or stretches the hydraulic oil. Through hydraulic damping, the instantaneous impact kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy or heat energy and slowly released. Compared with the previous embodiment, Example 1: The tire undergoes passive deformation, with adjustable stroke and damping force. It can cope with severe bumps such as rocks and deep ditches, and also prevent the frame 2 from resonating due to high-frequency vibration of the tire 8. It also prevents the flat ground components from shifting. The tire 8 and the connecting beam 10 rotate flexibly, transmitting the ground impact while the hydraulic cylinder 7 limits the vibration amplitude. When the tire bounces upward, the hydraulic cylinder 7 stretches to absorb energy and prevent the frame from tilting. When the tire sinks, it compresses to provide support force and prevent the scraper 3 from experiencing a sudden increase in pressure. It retains the advantages of rolling energy saving and four-point stable leveling, while avoiding "bouncing" movement. It ensures that the scraper 3 has uniform contact pressure, reduces tire wear, and makes the equipment suitable for complex ground such as farmland furrows and roadbed gravel, protecting the components and improving operational stability.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] like Figures 1-5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a laser leveling machine, wherein a laser receiver assembly 9 and a base 5 are arranged on the upper part of the frame 2.

[0077] In this embodiment, the base 5 is a gimbal supported by a magnetic levitation bearing. The laser receiver is mounted on the upper surface, and three-axis nanometer-level fine adjustment is achieved through four sets of piezoelectric ceramic actuators. The gimbal has a built-in six-axis inertial measurement unit to sense changes in the body attitude in real time, ensuring that the laser signal capture rate remains 100% even when operating on undulating ground, enabling the mechanical gimbal to respond quickly. Twenty-four high-frequency acoustic sensors with a sampling rate of 1MHz and 12 lidar points with a line scan frequency of 200Hz are arranged at the bottom of the body to simultaneously collect soil density and three-dimensional terrain data. After the data is processed by the edge computing unit, a soil hardness-terrain undulation fusion map is generated. The tractor provides real-time parameters for leveling depth and scraper pressure to avoid over-cutting in hard soil areas or under-scraping in soft soil areas. A swarm intelligence collaborative operation network allows a single master tractor to manage 20 slave tractors forming a work cluster. Data interconnection is achieved through terahertz communication, and the work area is dynamically allocated using an ant colony algorithm. Slave tractors identify each other via lidar at a distance of 50m, automatically maintaining a 3m safe distance. When a slave tractor malfunctions, the master tractor reassigns tasks in real time. Adaptive lighting and environmental adjustment are also included. Eight adjustable-focus LED lights are mounted above the tractor, and a camera automatically adjusts brightness based on ambient light intensity to ensure normal operation during nighttime work.

[0078] Example 4:

[0079] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a process for manufacturing the housing of the laser receiver assembly 9, and the specific process is as follows:

[0080] The outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts modified composite powder, 2 parts suspension, 3 parts composite base material and 0.2 parts silane coupling agent KH-550;

[0081] The manufacturing process of the housing of laser receiver assembly 9 is as follows:

[0082] Modified composite powder, suspension, composite base material and silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixing vessel to prepare a mixed base material. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is stirred at 800 r / min for 10 min. Then anhydrous ethanol is added. The mass ratio of the mixed base material to anhydrous ethanol is 1:12. The mixture is stirred evenly to prepare a composite slurry.

[0083] The composite slurry was injected into the mold and degassed under a vacuum of -0.095MPa for 20 minutes. Then, the pressure was increased to 250MPa at 5MPa / min and held for 10 minutes to prepare the green blank.

[0084] The blank was placed in a tube furnace and slowly heated to 600℃ at 2℃ / min, and held for 0.5h; then heated to 800℃ and held for 2h; then heated to 1200℃ under an argon atmosphere and held for 3h; finally heated to 1850℃ under an ammonia atmosphere of 0.08MPa and held for 5h to obtain the rough blank.

[0085] The blank was etched in a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution at room temperature for 30 seconds, cleaned twice with deionized water, dried at 120°C, and then cut and processed to form the mounting structure, thus preparing the shell of the laser receiver assembly 9.

[0086] The preparation process of modified composite powder is as follows:

[0087] Aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare the first base material. The first base material was added to a ball mill, and then anhydrous ethanol of 200% of the mass of the first base material was added to it. The ball milling was carried out at a speed of 300 r / min for 24 h to prepare a slurry. The ball milling media was silicon nitride grinding balls, and the ball-to-material ratio was 5:1.

[0088] The slurry was transferred to a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of 180℃, an outlet temperature of 80℃, and an atomization pressure of 0.3–0.4 MPa to prepare composite particles.

[0089] After the composite particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve, they are placed in a crucible and then placed in a tube furnace. The furnace is heated to 1000°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere and held at that temperature for 2 hours. Then, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain the composite powder.

[0090] The composite powder and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 1:10, stirred at 1400 r / min for 25 min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere, and dried to obtain the modified composite powder.

[0091] The preparation process of the suspension is as follows:

[0092] Vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were compounded at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite sintering aid. Then, the composite sintering aid and anhydrous ethanol were injected into an ultrasonic dispersion vessel at a mass ratio of 1:3 and ultrasonically dispersed at 60°C for 20 min to prepare a suspension.

[0093] The preparation process of the composite matrix is ​​as follows:

[0094] Silicon carbide micro powder, boron nitride micro powder, and yttrium oxide micro powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2 to prepare a functional filler. Then, nano boron powder was added to the functional filler in a mass ratio of 10:1 and placed in a planetary ball mill for 1 hour to prepare a composite matrix.

[0095] In this embodiment, aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were purchased from Shandong Guoci Functional Materials Co., Ltd., silicon nitride grinding balls were purchased from Hefei Xiangzheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., silane coupling agent KH-550 was purchased from Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group Co., Ltd., vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were purchased from Zhuzhou Huachi New Materials Co., Ltd., silicon carbide micro powder was purchased from Shandong Jinmeng New Materials Co., Ltd., boron nitride micro powder was purchased from Qingdao Xinhexin Technology Co., Ltd., yttrium oxide micro powder and nano boron powder were purchased from Yingkou Astron Chemical Co., Ltd., anhydrous ethanol was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and hydrofluoric acid was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0096] Example 5:

[0097] The manufacturing process of the outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 4, except that the specific raw material composition and manufacturing method of the outer shell of the laser receiver assembly are different in this embodiment. The manufacturing process of the outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0098] The outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts modified composite powder, 5.5 parts suspension, 4 parts composite base material and 0.5 parts silane coupling agent KH-550;

[0099] The manufacturing process of the housing of laser receiver assembly 9 is as follows:

[0100] Modified composite powder, suspension, composite base material and silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixing vessel to prepare a mixed base material. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is stirred at 800 r / min for 10 min. Then anhydrous ethanol is added. The mass ratio of the mixed base material to anhydrous ethanol is 1:17. The mixture is stirred evenly to prepare a composite slurry.

[0101] The composite slurry was injected into the mold and degassed under a vacuum of -0.095MPa for 25 minutes. Then, the pressure was increased to 250MPa at 5MPa / min and held for 10 minutes to prepare the green blank.

[0102] The blank was placed in a tube furnace and slowly heated to 600℃ at 2℃ / min, and held for 1h; then heated to 800℃ and held for 2h; then heated to 1200℃ under argon atmosphere and held for 3h; finally heated to 1850℃ under ammonia atmosphere of 0.08MPa and held for 5h to obtain the rough blank.

[0103] The blank was etched in a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution at room temperature for 30 seconds, cleaned three times with deionized water, dried at 120°C, and then cut and processed to install the structure, thus preparing the shell of the laser receiver component 9.

[0104] The preparation process of modified composite powder is as follows:

[0105] Aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare the first base material. The first base material was added into a ball mill, and then anhydrous ethanol of 200% of the mass of the first base material was added into it. The ball milling was carried out at a speed of 350 r / min for 30 h to prepare a slurry. The ball milling media was silicon nitride grinding balls, and the ball-to-material ratio was 5:1.

[0106] The slurry was transferred into a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of 190℃, an outlet temperature of 85℃, and an atomization pressure of 0.35MPa to prepare composite particles.

[0107] After the composite particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve, they are placed in a crucible and then placed in a tube furnace. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 1100℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min and calcined for 2.5h. Then, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain the composite powder.

[0108] The composite powder and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 1:11 and stirred at 1500 r / min for 30 min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere and then dried to obtain the modified composite powder.

[0109] The preparation process of the suspension is as follows:

[0110] Vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were compounded at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite sintering aid. Then, the composite sintering aid and anhydrous ethanol were injected into an ultrasonic dispersion vessel at a mass ratio of 1:3 and ultrasonically dispersed at 60°C for 30 min to prepare a suspension.

[0111] The preparation process of the composite matrix is ​​as follows:

[0112] Silicon carbide micro powder, boron nitride micro powder, and yttrium oxide micro powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2 to prepare a functional filler. Then, nano boron powder was added to the functional filler in a mass ratio of 10:1 and placed in a planetary ball mill for 1 hour to prepare a composite matrix.

[0113] In this embodiment, aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were purchased from Shandong Guoci Functional Materials Co., Ltd., silicon nitride grinding balls were purchased from Hefei Xiangzheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., silane coupling agent KH-550 was purchased from Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group Co., Ltd., vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were purchased from Zhuzhou Huachi New Materials Co., Ltd., silicon carbide micro powder was purchased from Shandong Jinmeng New Materials Co., Ltd., boron nitride micro powder was purchased from Qingdao Xinhexin Technology Co., Ltd., yttrium oxide micro powder and nano boron powder were purchased from Yingkou Astron Chemical Co., Ltd., anhydrous ethanol was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and hydrofluoric acid was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0114] Example 6:

[0115] The manufacturing process of the laser receiver assembly 9DE shell provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 4, except that the specific raw material composition and manufacturing method of the laser receiver assembly 9 shell are different in this embodiment. The manufacturing process of the laser receiver assembly 9 shell in this embodiment is as follows:

[0116] The outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 92 parts modified composite powder, 9 parts suspension, 5 parts composite base material and 0.8 parts silane coupling agent KH-550;

[0117] The manufacturing process of the housing of laser receiver assembly 9 is as follows:

[0118] Modified composite powder, suspension, composite base material and silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixing vessel to prepare a mixed base material. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is stirred at 800 r / min for 10 min. Then anhydrous ethanol is added. The mass ratio of the mixed base material to anhydrous ethanol is 1:21. The mixture is stirred evenly to prepare a composite slurry.

[0119] The composite slurry was injected into the mold and degassed under a vacuum of -0.095MPa for 30 minutes. Then, the pressure was increased to 250MPa at 5MPa / min and held for 10 minutes to prepare the green blank.

[0120] The blank was placed in a tube furnace and slowly heated to 600℃ at 2℃ / min, and held for 1.5h; then heated to 800℃ and held for 2h; then heated to 1200℃ under an argon atmosphere and held for 3h; finally heated to 1850℃ under an ammonia atmosphere of 0.08MPa and held for 5h to obtain the rough blank.

[0121] The blank was etched in a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution at room temperature for 30 seconds, cleaned 4 times with deionized water, dried at 120°C, and then cut and processed to install the structure, thus preparing the shell of the laser receiver component 9.

[0122] The preparation process of modified composite powder is as follows:

[0123] Aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare the first base material. The first base material was added to a ball mill, and then anhydrous ethanol of 200% of the mass of the first base material was added to it. The ball milling was carried out at a speed of 400 r / min for 36 h to prepare a slurry. The ball milling media was silicon nitride grinding balls, and the ball-to-material ratio was 5:1.

[0124] The slurry was transferred into a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of 200℃, an outlet temperature of 90℃, and an atomization pressure of 0.4MPa to prepare composite particles.

[0125] After the composite particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve, they are placed in a crucible and then placed in a tube furnace. The furnace is heated to 1200°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere and held at that temperature for 3 hours. Then, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature under nitrogen protection to prepare the composite powder.

[0126] The composite powder and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 1:12 and dried at a speed of 1600 r / min for 35 min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere to obtain the modified composite powder.

[0127] The preparation process of the suspension is as follows:

[0128] Vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were compounded at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite sintering aid. Then, the composite sintering aid and anhydrous ethanol were injected into an ultrasonic dispersion vessel at a mass ratio of 1:3 and ultrasonically dispersed at 60°C for 40 min to prepare a suspension.

[0129] The preparation process of the composite matrix is ​​as follows:

[0130] Silicon carbide micro powder, boron nitride micro powder, and yttrium oxide micro powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2 to prepare a functional filler. Then, nano boron powder was added to the functional filler in a mass ratio of 10:1 and placed in a planetary ball mill for 1 hour to prepare a composite matrix.

[0131] In this embodiment, aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were purchased from Shandong Guoci Functional Materials Co., Ltd., silicon nitride grinding balls were purchased from Hefei Xiangzheng Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., silane coupling agent KH-550 was purchased from Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group Co., Ltd., vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were purchased from Zhuzhou Huachi New Materials Co., Ltd., silicon carbide micro powder was purchased from Shandong Jinmeng New Materials Co., Ltd., boron nitride micro powder was purchased from Qingdao Xinhexin Technology Co., Ltd., yttrium oxide micro powder and nano boron powder were purchased from Yingkou Astron Chemical Co., Ltd., anhydrous ethanol was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and hydrofluoric acid was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0132] Example 7:

[0133] This embodiment provides a process for preparing the scraper 3, the specific process of which is as follows:

[0134] The scraper 3 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts pretreated polyetheretherketone resin, 20 parts modified silicon carbide fiber, 8 parts diamond particles, and 5 parts compound slurry.

[0135] The preparation process of scraper 3 is as follows:

[0136] Diamond particles were mixed with the compound slurry and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare the second base material. The second base material, pretreated polyether ether ketone resin and modified silicon carbide fiber were sequentially added to a twin-screw extruder. After extrusion, the mixture was water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite granules.

[0137] The composite granules are added to the injection molding machine and injected into the mold in the shape of scraper 3. After cooling and solidification, the material is demolded to obtain the scraper blank.

[0138] The scraper blank was treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave field for 20 min to obtain scraper 3.

[0139] The preparation process of modified silicon carbide fiber is as follows:

[0140] Anhydrous ethanol and deionized water were mixed at a volume ratio of 11:1 to prepare a first solution; silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the first solution at a volume ratio of 1:50 and stirred to obtain a second solution.

[0141] The silicon carbide fiber was immersed in the second solution for 30 minutes, then removed and dried to obtain the modified silicon carbide fiber.

[0142] The preparation process of the compound slurry is as follows:

[0143] Maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1 and stirred at 200 rpm for 10 min to prepare a basic additive solution. The basic additive solution, epoxy resin microcapsules, and dicyandiamide were then mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 10:5:1 and stirred at 450 rpm for 15 min to prepare a compound slurry.

[0144] In this embodiment, the polyetheretherketone resin was purchased from Zhejiang Xinhecheng Special Materials Co., Ltd., the silicon carbide fiber from Jiangsu Tiannai Technology Co., Ltd., the diamond particles from Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd., the maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone from Zhongyan High Polymer Materials Co., Ltd., the polyetherimide (PEI) from Shanghai Celluloid Technology Co., Ltd., the anhydrous ethanol from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., the coupling agent KH-560 from Nanjing Shuguang Silane Chemical Co., Ltd., the epoxy resin microcapsules from Guangdong Bohao Composite Materials Co., Ltd., the dicyandiamide from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and the deionized water from Shanghai Jingchun Water Treatment Technology Co., Ltd.

[0145] Example 8:

[0146] The preparation process of the scraper 3 provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 7, except that the specific raw material composition and preparation method of the scraper 3 are different in this embodiment. The preparation process of the scraper 3 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0147] The scraper 3 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67.5 parts pretreated polyetheretherketone resin, 22.5 parts modified silicon carbide fiber, 10 parts diamond particles, and 6.5 parts compound slurry;

[0148] The preparation process of scraper 3 is as follows:

[0149] Diamond particles were mixed with the compound slurry and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare the second base material. The second base material, pretreated polyether ether ketone resin and modified silicon carbide fiber were sequentially added to a twin-screw extruder. After extrusion, the mixture was water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite granules.

[0150] The composite granules are added to the injection molding machine and injected into the mold in the shape of scraper 3. After cooling and solidification, the material is demolded to obtain the scraper blank.

[0151] The scraper blank was treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave field for 20 min to obtain scraper 3.

[0152] The preparation process of modified silicon carbide fiber is as follows:

[0153] Anhydrous ethanol and deionized water were mixed at a volume ratio of 11:1 to prepare a first solution; silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the first solution at a volume ratio of 1:50 and stirred to obtain a second solution.

[0154] The silicon carbide fiber was immersed in the second solution for 30 minutes, then removed and dried to obtain the modified silicon carbide fiber.

[0155] The preparation process of the compound slurry is as follows:

[0156] Maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1 and stirred at 300 rpm for 15 min to prepare a basic additive solution. The basic additive solution, epoxy resin microcapsules, and dicyandiamide were then mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 10:5:1 and stirred at 500 rpm for 20 min to prepare a compound slurry.

[0157] In this embodiment, the polyetheretherketone resin was purchased from Zhejiang Xinhecheng Special Materials Co., Ltd., the silicon carbide fiber from Jiangsu Tiannai Technology Co., Ltd., the diamond particles from Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd., the maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone from Zhongyan High Polymer Materials Co., Ltd., the polyetherimide (PEI) from Shanghai Celluloid Technology Co., Ltd., the anhydrous ethanol from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., the coupling agent KH-560 from Nanjing Shuguang Silane Chemical Co., Ltd., the epoxy resin microcapsules from Guangdong Bohao Composite Materials Co., Ltd., the dicyandiamide from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and the deionized water from Shanghai Jingchun Water Treatment Technology Co., Ltd.

[0158] Example 9:

[0159] The preparation process of the scraper 3 provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 7, except that the specific raw material composition and preparation method of the scraper 3 are different in this embodiment. The preparation process of the scraper 3 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0160] The scraper 3 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts pretreated polyetheretherketone resin, 25 parts modified silicon carbide fiber, 12 parts diamond particles, and 8 parts compound slurry.

[0161] The preparation process of scraper 3 is as follows:

[0162] Diamond particles were mixed with the compound slurry and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare the second base material. The second base material, pretreated polyether ether ketone resin and modified silicon carbide fiber were sequentially added to a twin-screw extruder. After extrusion, the mixture was water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite granules.

[0163] The composite granules are added to the injection molding machine and injected into the mold in the shape of scraper 3. After cooling and solidification, the material is demolded to obtain the scraper blank.

[0164] The scraper blank was treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave field for 20 min to obtain scraper 3.

[0165] The preparation process of modified silicon carbide fiber is as follows:

[0166] Anhydrous ethanol and deionized water were mixed at a volume ratio of 11:1 to prepare a first solution; silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the first solution at a volume ratio of 1:50 and stirred to obtain a second solution.

[0167] The silicon carbide fiber was immersed in the second solution for 30 minutes, then removed and dried to obtain the modified silicon carbide fiber.

[0168] The preparation process of the compound slurry is as follows:

[0169] Maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1 and stirred at 400 rpm for 20 min to prepare a basic additive solution. The basic additive solution, epoxy resin microcapsules, and dicyandiamide were then mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 10:5:1 and stirred at 550 rpm for 25 min to prepare a compound slurry.

[0170] In this embodiment, the polyetheretherketone resin was purchased from Zhejiang Xinhecheng Special Materials Co., Ltd., the silicon carbide fiber from Jiangsu Tiannai Technology Co., Ltd., the diamond particles from Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd., the maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone from Zhongyan High Polymer Materials Co., Ltd., the polyetherimide (PEI) from Shanghai Celluloid Technology Co., Ltd., the anhydrous ethanol from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., the coupling agent KH-560 from Nanjing Shuguang Silane Chemical Co., Ltd., the epoxy resin microcapsules from Guangdong Bohao Composite Materials Co., Ltd., the dicyandiamide from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., and the deionized water from Shanghai Jingchun Water Treatment Technology Co., Ltd.

[0171] Performance Test 1:

[0172] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that the housing of the laser receiver assembly 9 is made of ABS engineering plastic.

[0173] Performance testing: The housings of the laser receiver assemblies 9 provided in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 1 are respectively labeled as Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 1; and the relevant performance of the housings of the laser receiver assemblies 9 provided in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Example 1 are tested as follows:

[0174] 1. High temperature resistance test: GB / T1634.2~2021. The test method is to take 3 identical shell samples, record the initial appearance with an appearance inspection instrument, put the samples into the test chamber, set the heating program: heat up from 25℃ to 120℃, and then cool down naturally to 25℃. Inspect the appearance of the samples and observe whether cracks, deformation, or discoloration occur. Measure the impact strength with a universal testing machine and compare it with the initial value × 100% to obtain the retention rate.

[0175] 2. Insulation test: GB / T1410~2006. The test method is to place the shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 in an environment of 23℃±2℃ and relative humidity of 50%±5% for 24h, attach the brass electrodes to both sides of the shell with a high resistance meter, apply a DC voltage of 500V, maintain for 1min, and then read the resistivity value to obtain the resistance value.

[0176] 3. Thermal conductivity test: GB / T10294~2008. The test method is to cut the outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 into a 30mm×30mm×5mm cube, grind the surface smooth, and clamp the sample between the heat-protecting plate and the cold plate at 25℃. Apply a stable heat flux, and after the temperature stabilizes, calculate the thermal conductivity by heat flux density, temperature difference and sample thickness.

[0177] 4. Ranging accuracy test: GB / T35015~2018, GB / T17626.3~2016. Place an electromagnetic interference generator in a shielded room, fix the outer shell of the laser receiver assembly 9 on an insulating bracket, 10m away from the standard target, align the antenna of the interference generator with the receiver, set the interference intensity to 50V / m and the frequency to 50Hz, turn off the electromagnetic interference, use a high-precision laser rangefinder to measure the reference distance L0 between the receiver and the standard target, turn on the electromagnetic interference, and continuously measure the distance 100 times with the receiver, record the distance values ​​L1~L100 for each measurement, and calculate the distance deviation for each measurement.

[0178] Table 1: Test Data Record Table

[0179]

[0180] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in Table 1, it can be seen that the housing of the laser receiver assembly 9 prepared by the present invention not only has good high temperature resistance, but also excellent insulation and thermal conductivity, and has high testing accuracy, effectively ensuring the environmental adaptability, operational reliability and measurement accuracy of the housing of the laser receiver assembly 9.

[0181] Performance Test 2:

[0182] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 7 is that the scraper 3 is prepared using only traditional pure injection molding process; and the raw materials do not contain modified silicon carbide fiber and diamond particles, but only polyetheretherketone resin, polyimide resin and silane coupling agent KH-560 as raw materials, and the scraper is directly obtained after injection molding.

[0183] Performance testing: The scrapers 3 provided in Examples 7-9 and Comparative Example 2 were labeled as Examples 7-9 and Comparative Example 2, respectively; and the relevant performance of the scrapers 3 provided in Examples 7-9 and Comparative Example 2 were tested as follows:

[0184] 1. Edge wear resistance test: GB / T3960~2016, using a rotary friction and wear tester, applying a pressure of 50N, so that the scraper edge contacts a 45# steel friction disc (hardness HRC40), rotating at 300r / min, and continuing friction for 1 hour, then measuring the edge wear with a micrometer with an accuracy of 0.001mm.

[0185] 2. Mechanical property test: GB / T1040.1~2006, GB / T9341~2008. Cut the scraper into standard strips of 150mm×10mm×5mm, stretch at a speed of 5mm / min, record the maximum tensile force at break, and calculate the tensile strength.

[0186] 3. Self-healing efficiency test: First, the scraper blade edge is pre-weared (0.1mm deep micro-cracks are sanded out with sandpaper), and then the self-healing parameters in the example are applied (800W, 2.45GHz microwave heating, test sample 7 is heated for 3min, 8 for 4min, and 9 for 5min). After repair, the "wear resistance test" is repeated, and the wear resistance retention rate after repair is calculated.

[0187] 4. High temperature stability test: GB / T1634.2~2021. Place the scraper in a 200℃ oven for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, observe whether there is deformation or cracking. At the same time, test its tensile strength retention rate: tensile strength after high temperature / initial tensile strength × 100%.

[0188] Table 2: Test Data Record Table

[0189] Group Wear amount (mm) Tensile strength (MPa) Self-repairing efficiency High-temperature tensile strength (MPa) Example 7 0.042 92.5 91.3％ 89.2 Example 8 0.035 98.8 94.73％ 95.1 Example 9 0.028 105.3 97.5％ 101.6 Comparative Example 2 0.167 40.2 None 28.6

[0190] By comparing and analyzing the relevant data in Table 2, it can be seen that the scraper 3 prepared by the present invention not only has good wear resistance, but also excellent tensile strength, and can self-repair, effectively ensuring the service life of the scraper 3.

[0191] Working principle: Tire 8 is installed below frame 2. When the equipment moves, tire 8 rolls. Tire 8 is elastic and can adjust its height according to external conditions. Frame 2 serves as the load-bearing base, integrating leveling components (scraper 3, retaining plate 4, side plate 6) and support components (tire 8). Frame 2 provides the installation foundation for leveling components and support components, and also bears the external traction force and transmits the force to leveling components. In leveling components, retaining plate 4 is vertically welded to the lower surface of frame 2. The force transmitted by frame 2 is transmitted to scraper 3 through retaining plate 4. Scraper 3 is fixed to the lower end of retaining plate 4 with hexagonal bolts. Scraper 3 has a cutting edge. Side plate 6 is connected between frame 2 and retaining plate 4 by double welding to form a triangular structure. Traction frame 1 serves as the connection carrier with external traction equipment. It is rotatably connected to frame 2 through a rotating shaft. The traction force generated by external traction equipment is transmitted to frame 2 through traction frame 1. Traction frame 1 can rotate slightly relative to frame 2.

[0192] Two connecting beams 10 are symmetrically connected to one side of the frame 2 via pins. One end of the connecting beam 10 is connected to two sets of tires 8, and the tires 8 and the connecting beam 10 can rotate flexibly. The other end of the connecting beam 10 is rotatably connected to the hydraulic cylinder 7. Both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are rotatably connected. When the ground impact occurs, the impact is transmitted to the connecting beam 10 through the tires 8. The connecting beam 10, with its rigid structure, converts the transmitted impact force into tension or pressure on the hydraulic cylinder 7, realizing the structural connection of the frame 2, tires 8, and hydraulic cylinder 7. When the connecting beam 10 is impacted and drives the hydraulic cylinder 7 to move, the piston inside the hydraulic cylinder 7 will compress or stretch the hydraulic oil. Through hydraulic damping, the instantaneous impact kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy or heat energy and slowly released. Compared with the passive deformation of the tires in Embodiment 1, the stroke and damping force of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are adjustable. During the transmission of ground impact, the tires 8 and the connecting beam 10 maintain flexible rotation. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 7 limits the vibration amplitude of the tires 8. When the tires 8 bounce up, the hydraulic cylinder 7 stretches accordingly. When the tires 8 sink down, the hydraulic cylinder 7 compresses accordingly.

[0193] The base 5 is a gimbal supported by a magnetic levitation bearing. The laser receiver of the leveling device is mounted on its upper surface. The gimbal is equipped with four sets of piezoelectric ceramic actuators capable of nanometer-level fine-tuning in the XYZ three axes, and has a built-in six-axis inertial measurement unit that provides adjustment data support for real-time sensing of the body's attitude changes. The bottom of the body is equipped with 24 high-frequency acoustic sensors with a sampling rate of 1MHz and 12 lidar points with a line scan frequency of 200Hz. The former collects soil compaction data, and the latter collects three-dimensional terrain data. Both types of data are simultaneously transmitted to the edge computing unit, and after processing, generate data that can improve the leveling depth and scraper pressure. The system provides real-time parameters such as soil hardness and terrain undulation fusion maps. In the swarm intelligence collaborative operation network, a single master machine can manage a cluster of 20 slave machines. The master machine and slave machines are interconnected via terahertz communication. The work area is dynamically allocated by the ant colony algorithm. The slave machines identify each other using a lidar with a recognition range of 50m and automatically maintain a safe distance of 3m. When a slave machine fails, the master machine real-time reassigns its original task. Eight adjustable-focus LED lights and a camera that detects ambient light intensity in real time are arranged above the tractor body. The LED lights automatically switch brightness according to the light intensity signal detected by the camera.

[0194] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser leveling machine, comprising a traction frame (1), characterized in that: The laser leveler also includes: The frame (2) is rotatably connected to one side of the traction frame (1) via a rotating shaft; A leveling assembly, disposed on the outer surface of the frame (2), includes a scraper (3); A support assembly, located on one side of the frame (2), includes four tires (8); The traction frame (1) drives the frame (2) to move through the four tires (8) so that the scraper (3) pushes the raised ground and flattens the ground.

2. The laser leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling component also includes: A retaining plate (4) is welded to the bottom of the frame (2); Two side plates (6) are provided and are fixedly welded to the outer surface of the retaining plate (4) and are mirror images of each other; The lower end of the retaining plate (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the scraper (3) by bolts.

3. The laser leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support components also include: Two connecting beams (10) are provided and are connected to one side surface of the frame (2) by pins; Two hydraulic cylinders (7) are provided. One end is rotatably connected to one side of the frame (2) via a rotating shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting beam (10) via a rotating shaft. Two tires (8) form a group, and the connecting shaft of the two groups of tires (8) is rotatably connected to one end of the two connecting beams (10) through bearings.

4. The laser leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser receiver assembly (9) and a base (5) are disposed on the top of the frame (2).

5. The laser leveling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer shell of the laser receiver assembly (9) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88-92 parts modified composite powder, 2-9 parts suspension, 3-5 parts composite base material and 0.2-0.8 parts silane coupling agent KH-550; The manufacturing process of the housing of the laser receiver assembly (9) is as follows: Modified composite powder, suspension, composite base material and silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixing tank and mixed to prepare a mixed base material. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is mixed at 800 r / min for 10 min. Then anhydrous ethanol is added. The mass ratio of the mixed base material to anhydrous ethanol is 1:12-21. The mixture is stirred evenly to prepare a composite slurry. The composite slurry was injected into the mold and degassed under a vacuum of -0.095MPa for 20-30 minutes. Then, the pressure was increased to 250MPa at 5MPa / min and held for 10 minutes to prepare the green blank. The blank was placed in a tube furnace and slowly heated to 600℃ at 2℃ / min, and held for 0.5-1.5h; then heated to 800℃ and held for 2h; then heated to 1200℃ under an argon atmosphere and held for 3h; finally heated to 1850℃ under an ammonia atmosphere of 0.08MPa and held for 5h to obtain the rough blank. The blank was etched in a 10% hydrofluoric acid solution at room temperature for 30 seconds, cleaned with deionized water 2-4 times, dried at 120°C, and then cut and processed to install the structure, thus preparing the shell of the laser receiver assembly (9).

6. The laser leveling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modified composite powder preparation process is as follows: Aluminum nitride powder and gallium oxide powder were mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare a first base material. The first base material was added to a ball mill, and then anhydrous ethanol of 200% of the mass of the first base material was added to it. The ball milling was carried out at a speed of 300-400 r / min for 24-36 h to prepare a slurry. The ball milling media was silicon nitride grinding balls, and the ball-to-material ratio was 5:

1. The slurry was transferred into a spray dryer with an inlet temperature of 180–200°C, an outlet temperature of 80–90°C, and an atomization pressure of 0.3–0.4 MPa to prepare composite particles. After the composite particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve, they are placed in a crucible and then placed in a tube furnace. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 1000-1200℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min and calcined for 2-3 hours. Then, the temperature is naturally cooled to room temperature under nitrogen protection to prepare the composite powder. The composite powder and silane coupling agent KH-550 were placed in a high-speed mixer at a mass ratio of 1:10 to 12 and stirred at 1400 to 1600 r / min for 25 to 35 min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere and then dried to obtain the modified composite powder.

7. The laser leveling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation process of the suspension is as follows: Vanadium carbide and chromium carbide were compounded at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite sintering aid. Then, the composite sintering aid and anhydrous ethanol were injected into an ultrasonic dispersion vessel at a mass ratio of 1:3 and ultrasonically dispersed at 60°C for 20-40 min to prepare a suspension. The preparation process of the composite base material is as follows: Silicon carbide micro powder, boron nitride micro powder, and yttrium oxide micro powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2 to prepare a functional filler. Then, nano boron powder was added to the functional filler in a mass ratio of 10:1 and placed in a planetary ball mill for 1 hour to prepare a composite matrix.

8. The laser leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper (3) is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of pretreated polyether ether ketone resin, 20-25 parts of modified silicon carbide fiber, 8-12 parts of diamond particles, and 5-8 parts of compound slurry. The preparation process of the scraper (3) is as follows: Diamond particles were mixed with the compound slurry and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare the second base material. The second base material, pretreated polyether ether ketone resin and modified silicon carbide fiber were sequentially added to a twin-screw extruder. After extrusion, the mixture was water-cooled and pelletized to obtain composite granules. The composite granules are added to an injection molding machine, injected into a scraper-shaped mold, cooled and solidified, and then demolded to obtain a scraper blank. The scraper blank was treated in a 2.45 GHz microwave field for 20 min to obtain the scraper (3).

9. The laser leveling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation process of the modified silicon carbide fiber is as follows: Anhydrous ethanol and deionized water were mixed at a volume ratio of 11:1 to prepare a first solution; silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the first solution at a volume ratio of 1:50 and stirred to obtain a second solution. The silicon carbide fiber was immersed in the second solution for 30 minutes, then removed and dried to obtain the modified silicon carbide fiber.

10. The laser leveling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation process of the compound slurry is as follows: Maleic anhydride-grafted polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, and anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a mass ratio of 2.5:1:1 and stirred at 200–400 rpm for 10–20 min to prepare a basic additive solution. The basic additive solution, epoxy resin microcapsules, and dicyandiamide were then mixed and stirred in a mass ratio of 10:5:1 at 450–550 rpm for 15–25 min to prepare a compound slurry.

Images