A catheter and catheter assembly for intracranial use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medical catheter, provide a kind of for intracranial catheter and catheter assembly, comprising: first tube, first joint, sealing element and suction joint;The first tube has first end and second end respectively at both ends;The first tube has operating channel;The operating channel extends from the first end to the second end;The first joint is fixed on the first end;The first joint has working port;The working port is communicated with the operating channel of the first end;The sealing element detachably seals the working port;The suction joint is arranged on the first joint;The suction joint has suction channel;The suction channel is communicated with the operating channel. Operating channel is used as the channel of surgical tool, and operating channel is also used as the channel of liquid suction, greatly integrates the surgical function of catheter, avoids the need to change different catheters in the process of operation to achieve treatment and liquid suction respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical catheter technology, and more specifically, relates to a catheter and catheter assembly for intracranial use. Background Technology

[0002] Intracranial lesions are life-threatening and neurological diseases. Treatment methods include surgery, radiation therapy, drug therapy, and interventional therapy, but overall, surgical intervention remains highly indispensable. Surgical resection / removal is the preferred option for most intracranial lesions. Surgical treatment of intracranial lesions can generally be divided into craniotomy and minimally invasive surgery.

[0003] Craniotomy involves marking the lesion location using computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), designing the incision, selecting the patient's position based on the lesion location, fixing the head with a frame, incising the scalp, dissecting the periosteum, exposing the skull, drilling holes with a cranial drill, and connecting the bone holes with a milling cutter to form a bone flap (usually >10cm, small bone windows 4-5cm). The dura mater is incised to directly expose the surgical field, and the tumor is removed under direct vision, hematoma is cleared, hemostasis is performed, and drainage tubes are placed as needed. Bone wax, dural repair materials, titanium screws / cranial locks are used for hemostasis and suturing, dural damage is repaired, the bone flap is repositioned, and then the muscles, fascia, galea aponeurotica, and skin are sutured layer by layer to complete the surgery.

[0004] Minimally invasive surgery utilizes high-resolution CT or MRI for three-dimensional reconstruction, employing a stereotactic head frame / frameless navigation and neuronavigation system to plan the puncture path, determine the lesion coordinates, and avoid important blood vessels and functional areas. A small incision (1-3cm) is made in the scalp according to surgical needs. A cranial hole (5-20mm in diameter) is drilled at the planned location using a cranial drill. After inserting a catheter into the cranial hole, the catheter core is removed, establishing a surgical channel. A biopsy needle, aspirator, irrigation system, or laser ablation device is then inserted through the catheter to perform the corresponding surgical procedure. Alternatively, a neuroendoscopic cannula can be inserted, and surgical instruments such as electrocoagulation knives / forceps or a suction device are used within the endoscopic working channel. Bipolar electrocoagulation, absorbable hemostatic materials, and sutureless tape are used for hemostasis and closure of the cranial hole. Depending on the incision size, absorbable sutures are used to close the incision, or even no sutures are required. The procedure is then complete.

[0005] In summary, brain surgery requires observation of the lesion site and simultaneous treatment using surgical instruments. Existing minimally invasive treatment methods include: Method 1 involves puncture and dilation, which is not visualized and requires changing different catheters and medical instruments for observation or treatment, severely impacting treatment efficiency and increasing the risk of infection; Method 2 involves using a neuroendoscopic cannula to establish a surgical channel, which has a large diameter, resulting in a relatively large bone window and opening, making it prone to injury and bleeding during insertion. Furthermore, this method requires advanced equipment and has high maintenance costs, making it unsuitable for widespread use in primary hospitals. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a catheter for intracranial use, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that different catheters need to be changed during the operation to cooperate with different medical devices to achieve treatment and fluid aspiration respectively.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a catheter for intracranial use, comprising: a first tube body, a first connector, a sealing element, and a suction connector;

[0008] The first tube has a first end and a second end at its two ends; the first tube has an operating channel; the operating channel extends from the first end to the second end;

[0009] The first connector is fixed to the first end; the first connector has a working port; the working port is connected to the operating channel of the first end; the sealing element detachably seals the working port; the suction connector is disposed on the first connector; the suction connector has a suction channel; the suction channel is connected to the operating channel.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: a first light-transmitting element;

[0011] The first tube has a first observation channel and a liquid injection channel; the first observation channel and the liquid injection channel extend from the first end to the second end, respectively;

[0012] The first connector has a first observation port and a liquid injection port. The first observation port is connected to the first observation channel at the first end, and the liquid injection port is connected to the liquid injection channel at the first end. The first light-transmitting element blocks the first observation channel at the second end.

[0013] Furthermore, the suction connector has an air inlet; the air inlet is connected to the suction channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-section of the air inlet is elongated.

[0015] Furthermore, in the suction direction of the suction channel, the width of the elongated air inlet gradually decreases or increases.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner wall of the suction channel has a spiral groove extending spirally along the suction channel; in the extending direction of the suction channel, the air inlet is connected to the bottom of the spiral groove at multiple points.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes: an optical waveguide, a varistor layer, a light source, and a light receiver; the inner wall of the suction channel has a receiving groove extending along the suction channel; in the suction direction of the suction channel, the receiving groove is located downstream of the spiral groove, and the spiral groove communicates with the receiving groove; the optical waveguide is disposed in the receiving groove, and the optical waveguide extends along the receiving groove; the optical waveguide includes: a core layer and a cladding layer; the cladding layer wraps around the outside of the core layer, and the varistor layer wraps around the outside of the cladding layer; the refractive index of the varistor layer can change with temperature; the light beam emitted by the light source enters from one end of the optical waveguide and exits from the other end of the optical waveguide to the light receiver; some evanescent waves in the optical waveguide can penetrate into the varistor layer; the light source and the light receiver are respectively connected to the suction connector.

[0018] Furthermore, the sensitive layer is a gel layer.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes: a grating; the grating is located on the beam path propagating along the optical waveguide.

[0020] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided in the air inlet to control the unidirectional flow of air into the suction channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the one-way valve is a one-way valve.

[0022] Furthermore, the one-way valve includes: a ring body, a valve body, and an elastic pre-tightening member; the outer wall of the ring body is fixed to the inner wall of the air inlet, and a through hole is provided in the center of the ring body to connect the air inlet and the suction channel; one end face of the ring body is a sealing surface for fitting and sealing with the valve body, and the valve body is rotatably connected to the ring body via a rotating shaft; the elastic pre-tightening member connects the valve body and the ring body, and the elastic pre-tightening member pulls the valve body against the sealing surface and closes the through hole.

[0023] Furthermore, the sealing element includes: a first plug, a flexible rod, and a second plug; the first plug is connected to the second plug via the flexible rod; the first plug blocks the working port; the first plug has an insertion hole for an external tool to enter; the insertion hole communicates with the working port; the second plug can be inserted into and block the insertion hole.

[0024] Furthermore, the first plug is U-shaped; the surface of the first connector has a positioning groove extending along the U-shaped path; the first plug is filled in the positioning groove; the working port communicates with the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes: an elastic ring; the two end faces of the second plug are an upper end face and a lower end face, respectively; a first annular groove is formed on the upper end face, the first annular groove communicating with the external space; the first annular groove is coaxially arranged with the second plug; the elastic ring is filled in the first annular groove.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes: a first memory alloy spring; a plurality of the first memory alloy springs are inserted into the first annular groove, and the elastic ring is located between the bottom wall of the first annular groove and the plurality of the first memory alloy springs; each of the first memory alloy springs is respectively clamped between the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove; the plurality of the first memory alloy springs are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first annular groove; when the ambient temperature of the first memory alloy spring is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the first memory alloy spring can be freely bent and deformed; when the ambient temperature of the first memory alloy spring is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the first memory alloy spring returns to its initial shape, and the first memory alloy spring generates an expansion force in opposite directions on the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove.

[0027] Furthermore, the austenitic phase transformation temperature of each of the first shape memory alloy springs is the same.

[0028] Furthermore, the first shape memory alloy spring is a columnar spring, and the first shape memory alloy spring extends along the axial direction of the first annular groove.

[0029] Furthermore, the elastic ring is a spring coil.

[0030] Furthermore, there are multiple first annular grooves and multiple spring coils; each of the multiple first annular grooves and multiple spring coils corresponds to one another; the multiple first annular grooves are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple first annular grooves increase sequentially.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes: a shape memory alloy ring; a second annular groove is formed on the lower end face, the second annular groove is connected to the operating channel; the second annular groove is coaxially arranged with the second plug body; the shape memory alloy ring is filled in the second annular groove; when the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the shape memory alloy ring can be freely bent and deformed; when the external force is removed and the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the shape memory alloy ring can return to the ring shape.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes: a thermally conductive layer; the thermally conductive layer includes: a first thermally conductive region and a second thermally conductive region; the first thermally conductive region is laid on the inner wall of the second annular groove; the first thermally conductive region is sandwiched between the shape memory alloy ring and the inner sidewall of the second annular groove; the second thermally conductive region is laid on the lower end surface.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes: a second shape memory alloy spring; a plurality of second shape memory alloy springs are inserted into the second annular groove, the shape memory alloy ring is located between the bottom wall of the second annular groove and the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs; each second shape memory alloy spring is respectively clamped between the first heat-conducting area and another inner wall of the second annular groove; the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second annular groove; when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring is below 30 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring can be freely bent and deformed; when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring is above 35 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring returns to its initial shape, and the second shape memory alloy spring generates expansion forces in opposite directions on the first heat-conducting area and the inner wall of the second annular groove respectively.

[0034] Furthermore, the second shape memory alloy spring is a columnar spring; the second shape memory alloy spring extends along the axial direction of the second annular groove.

[0035] Furthermore, there are multiple second annular grooves and multiple shape memory alloy rings; the multiple second annular grooves and multiple shape memory alloy rings correspond one-to-one; the multiple second annular grooves are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple second annular grooves increase sequentially; multiple second shape memory alloy springs are respectively arranged in each second annular groove.

[0036] Furthermore, for any two adjacent shape memory alloy rings in the second annular groove, the shape memory alloy ring with a larger radius has a higher austenitic phase transformation temperature; for the shape memory alloy ring and the second shape memory alloy spring in the same second annular groove, the shape memory alloy ring and the second shape memory alloy spring are made of the same material.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes: an elastic net; the elastic net covers and is fixed on the lower end surface; the elastic net has a plurality of mesh holes, and each of the second annular grooves communicates with the plurality of mesh holes respectively.

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes: a first positioning component; the first positioning component includes: a first limiting block, a second limiting block and a first connecting mechanism; the first limiting block has a first groove; the second limiting block has a second groove; the first limiting block is detachably connected to the second limiting block through the first connecting mechanism, and the inner wall of the first groove and the inner wall of the second groove close together to form a first pipe hole through which the first pipe body passes.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes: a second positioning component; the first positioning component and the second positioning component are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first tube body; the second positioning component includes: a third limiting block, a fourth limiting block and a second connecting mechanism; the third limiting block has a third groove; the fourth limiting block has a fourth groove; the third limiting block is detachably connected to the fourth limiting block through the second connecting mechanism, and the inner wall of the third groove and the inner wall of the fourth groove close together to form a second tube hole through which the first tube body passes.

[0040] Furthermore, it also includes: a C-shaped post, a lens, and a sealing sleeve; the lens has a wire harness; the C-shaped post is inserted into the first observation channel; the cross-section of the C-shaped post is C-shaped; the lens is fitted into the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped post; the wire harness extends out from the first observation port, and the sealing sleeve seals the gap between the inner wall of the first observation port and the wire harness.

[0041] The present invention also provides a catheter assembly comprising: a second tube body, a second connector, a second light-transmitting element, and the catheter for intracranial use; the outer diameter of the second tube body is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube body;

[0042] The second tube has a third end and a fourth end at its two ends; the second tube has a second observation channel; the second observation channel extends from the third end to the fourth end; the second connector is fixed to the third end; the second connector has a second observation port; the second observation port communicates with the second observation channel; the second light-transmitting element blocks the second observation channel through the fourth end; the second light-transmitting element has an arc surface, which is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second tube; the arc surface protrudes in a direction away from the second tube.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the intracranial catheter provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the intracranial catheter provided by this invention has a first end and a second end at the two ends of the first tube body; a first connector is provided on the first end; the first connector has a working port; the first tube body has an operating channel that extends along the first tube body from the first end to the second end; the working port of the first connector communicates with the operating channel on the first end; when the second end of the first tube body is inserted into the lesion area, surgical tools (such as: visual electrocoagulation forceps, bipolar electrocoagulation forceps, basket (the basket is used to catch the thrombus)) can enter the operating channel through the working port, and the surgical tools can extend into the lesion area from the second end along the operating channel to perform surgery on the lesion area; a suction connector is provided on the first connector, and the suction connector has a suction channel. The aspiration channel is connected to the operating channel; the seal can be detachably sealed to the working port, allowing it to be opened or closed. When the seal closes the working port, it prevents liquid or gas in the operating channel from leaking to the outside. That is, when the seal is removed by the user, the user can perform surgery on the lesion area through the operating channel; when the user seals the working port, the external aspiration device can aspirate through the aspiration channel into the operating channel, and the fluid in the lesion area can be sequentially drawn away by the external aspiration device through both the operating channel and the aspiration channel. The operating channel serves as both a channel for surgical tools and a channel for fluid aspiration, greatly integrating the surgical functions of the catheter and avoiding the need to constantly change different catheters during surgery to achieve treatment and fluid aspiration separately, thus improving surgical efficiency and safety. In addition, the fourth end of the second tube has a second light-transmitting element, which allows the user to insert the second tube into the lesion area according to the preoperative image positioning coordinates. During the process of the second tube reaching the lesion area, it can expand the surrounding tissue, making it easier for the first tube to be inserted into the lesion area after the second tube is withdrawn. The endoscope can enter the second observation channel and observe the surrounding tissue through the second light-transmitting element as the second tube approaches the lesion area, ensuring accurate access to the lesion area. The second light-transmitting element has an arc surface that is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second tube, making it easy for external tissues to slide along the arc surface to the outside of the second tube. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coordination between a catheter and a positioning frame for intracranial use provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coordination between a catheter and a positioning frame for intracranial use provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coordination between a catheter and a positioning frame for intracranial use provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 (Part of the positioning frame structure is hidden);

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an intracranial catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of an intracranial catheter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of part A in the diagram;

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the diagram;

[0051] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the fit between the first tube and the suction connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sealing element provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combination of a catheter and a visual electrocoagulation forceps for use in the cranium, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the catheter and visual electrocoagulation forceps used in the intracranial cavity provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of fluid flow during intracranial catheter aspiration, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second end of the first tube body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 14 An exploded view of the first connecting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 15 An exploded view of the second connecting mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second plug body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C in the diagram;

[0061] Figure 18 for Figure 16 Enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the diagram;

[0062] Figure 19A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the suction channel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 20 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a one-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the flow guide provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 22 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 23 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 24 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second tube and endoscope in conjunction with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 25 An exploded view of the second pipe and the second connector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 26 for Figure 25 Enlarged schematic diagram of part E in the diagram;

[0070] Figure 27 An exploded view of the C-shaped column, lens, and first tube body assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the C-shaped column and lens provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the C-shaped column, lens, and first tube body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second tube and the angle-adjustable head frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 31 This is an assembly diagram of the first tube body, the first positioning component, and the second positioning component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first tube and the angle-adjustable head frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 33 A flowchart illustrating the use of intracranial catheters during surgery, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0078] 1-First tube body; 11-First end; 12-Second end; 121-Positioning cavity; 13-Operating channel; 14-First observation channel; 15-Injection channel; 2-First connector; 21-Working port; 22-First observation port; 23-Injection port; 24-Positioning groove; 241-Slot; 25-Guide section; 251-First guide surface; 252-Second guide surface; 26-Vortex space; 27-Confluence; 3-Seal; 31-First plug; 311-Protrusion; 3111-Predetermined plane; 312-Insertion hole; 32-Flexible rod; 33-Second plug; 331-Chamfer ; 332-Upper end face; 3321-First annular groove; 333-Lower end face; 3331-Second annular groove; 34-Elastic ring; 35-Shape memory alloy ring; 36-Heat-conducting layer; 361-First heat-conducting area; 362-Second heat-conducting area; 37-First shape memory alloy spring; 38-Second shape memory alloy spring; 391-Elastic mesh; 3911-Mesh; 41-First positioning component; 411-First limiting block; 4111-First positioning protrusion; 4112-First groove; 412-Second limiting block; 4121-First positioning recess; 4122-Second groove; 42-First... Two positioning components; 421-Third limiting block; 4211-Second positioning protrusion; 4212-Third groove; 422-Fourth limiting block; 4221-Second positioning recess; 4222-Fourth groove; 5-Suction connector; 51-Suction channel; 511-Spiral groove; 512-Receiving groove; 52-Air inlet; 53-One-way valve; 531-Ring body; 5311-Sealing surface; 5312-Through hole; 532-Petal body; 533-Elastic pre-tightening element; 534-Rotating shaft; 54-Filter screen; 6-Second tube body; 61-Third end; 62-Fourth end; 63-Second observation channel; 7 - Second connector; 71- Second observation port; 72- First boss; 73- Second boss; 81- First light-transmitting element; 811- Positioning post; 812- First hole; 813- Second hole; 82- Second light-transmitting element; 91- Positioning frame; 92- Endoscope; 93- Visual electrocoagulation forceps; 96- Optical waveguide; 961- Core layer; 962- Cladding; 97- Sensitive layer; 981- C-shaped post; 982- Lens; 9821- Wire harness; 983- Sealing wire sleeve; 99- Angle adjustable head frame; S- Suction flow path; L1- First connecting mechanism; L2- Second connecting mechanism; Y- Axis of symmetry. Detailed Implementation

[0079] It should be noted that the specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Here, A and B can be singular or plural, respectively.

[0081] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" or "attached to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. When a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component.

[0082] It should be noted that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0083] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0084] It should be noted that the term "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0085] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 30 The intracranial catheter provided by the present invention will now be described. The intracranial catheter includes: a first tube body 1, a first connector 2, a sealing element 3, and a suction connector 5; the two ends of the first tube body 1 are a first end 11 and a second end 12, respectively; the first tube body 1 has an operating channel 13; the operating channel 13 extends from the first end 11 to the second end 12; the first connector 2 is fixed on the first end 11; the first connector 2 has a working port 21; the working port 21 communicates with the operating channel 13 of the first end 11; the sealing element 3 detachably seals the working port 21; the suction connector 5 is disposed on the first connector 2; the suction connector 5 has a suction channel 51; the suction channel 51 communicates with the operating channel 13.

[0086] Thus, the two ends of the first tube 1 are a first end 11 and a second end 12, respectively; a first connector 2 is provided on the first end 11; the first connector 2 has a working port 21; the first tube 1 has an operating channel 13, which extends along the first tube 1 from the first end 11 to the second end 12; the working port 21 of the first connector 2 is connected to the operating channel 13 on the first end 11; when the second end 12 of the first tube 1 is inserted into the lesion area, surgical instruments (such as: visual electrocoagulation forceps 93, bipolar electrocoagulation forceps, basket (the basket is used to catch the thrombus)) can enter the operating channel 13 through the working port 21, and the surgical instruments can extend into the lesion area from the second end 12 along the operating channel 13 and perform surgery on the lesion area; a suction connector 5 is provided on the first connector 2, and the suction connector 5 has a suction channel 51, which is connected to the operating channel 13. The sealing element 3 can detachably seal the working port 21, allowing the working port 21 to be opened or closed. When the sealing element 3 closes the working port 21, it can prevent liquid or gas in the operating channel 13 from leaking to the outside. That is, when the sealing element 3 is removed by the user, the user can perform surgery on the lesion area through the operating channel 13. When the user seals the working port 21 with the sealing element 3, the external suction device can suction the operating channel 13 through the suction channel 51. The liquid in the lesion area can be extracted by the external suction device through the operating channel 13 and the suction channel 51 in sequence. The operating channel 13 serves as both a channel for surgical tools and a channel for liquid suction, greatly integrating the surgical function of the catheter and avoiding the need to constantly change different catheters to achieve treatment and liquid suction during the operation, thus affecting the efficiency and safety of the operation.

[0087] In one embodiment, the operating channel 13 is a hole on the first tube 1.

[0088] In one embodiment, the first observation channel 14 is a hole on the first tube 1.

[0089] In one embodiment, the injection channel 15 is a channel on the first tube 1.

[0090] In one embodiment, the working port 21 is located on the extension path of the operating channel 13.

[0091] In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting element 81 has a first hole 812 and a second hole 813; the first hole 812 is connected to the operation channel 13; and the second hole 813 is connected to the liquid injection channel 15.

[0092] In one embodiment, endoscope 92 is a USB endoscope.

[0093] In addition, by organically integrating the aspiration connector 5 with the first connector 2, there is no need to install a dedicated aspiration catheter through an additional opening in the skull or surgical area, which simplifies the configuration of surgical instruments, reduces the number of catheter and instrument insertions and removals, and reduces the risk of intracranial tissue damage caused by cross-contamination within the lumen and repeated catheter insertions and removals.

[0094] In addition, the direct connection between the suction channel 51 and the operation channel 13 ensures the shortest distance of the suction path, resulting in higher suction efficiency and less resistance, and can quickly remove impurities such as small hematomas, blood, irrigation fluid or tissue debris.

[0095] In addition, the suction connector 5 is set on the first connector 2, and the suction connector 5 can be quickly installed and removed by utilizing the fixing structure of the first connector 2 and the detachable sealing function of the sealing element 3.

[0096] In one embodiment, during the suction process of the external suction device through the suction channel 51, the liquid sequentially passes through the operating channel 13 and the suction channel 51 to form a suction flow path S. In one embodiment, during the suction process, there is a predetermined angle between the flow direction of the liquid in the operating channel 13 and the flow direction of the liquid in the suction channel 51; the predetermined angle is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees. Thus, as the liquid in the operating channel 13 flows into the suction channel 51, the flow direction of the liquid can change, and the liquid can be buffered during the change of flow direction.

[0097] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a first light-transmitting element 81; a first tube body 1 having a first observation channel 14 and an injection channel 15; the first observation channel 14 and the injection channel 15 extending from a first end 11 to a second end 12 respectively; a first connector 2 having a first observation port 22 and an injection port 23; the first observation port 22 communicating with the first observation channel 14 of the first end 11, and the injection port 23 communicating with the injection channel 15 of the first end 11; the first light-transmitting element 81 blocking the first observation channel 14 of the second end 12. Thus, the two ends of the first tube 1 are a first end 11 and a second end 12, respectively; a first connector 2 is provided on the first end 11; the first connector 2 has a working port 21, a first observation port 22, and an injection port 23; the first tube 1 has an operating channel 13, which extends along the first tube 1 from the first end 11 to the second end 12; the working port 21 of the first connector 2 communicates with the operating channel 13 on the first end 11; when the second end 12 of the first tube 1 is inserted into the lesion area, surgical tools (e.g., visualization) are used. The electrocoagulation forceps 93, bipolar electrocoagulation forceps, and basket (used to trap thrombi) can enter the operating channel 13 through the working port 21, and the surgical instruments can be inserted into the lesion area from the second end 12 along the operating channel 13 to perform surgery on the lesion area; the first tube body 1 has a first observation channel 14, which extends along the first tube body 1 from the first end 11 to the second end 12, and the first light-transmitting element 81 blocks the first observation channel 14 at the second end 12; the first observation port 22 of the first connector 2 is connected to the first end The first observation channel 14 on the first end 11 is connected, and the endoscope 92 can enter the first observation channel 14 through the first observation port 22. The endoscope 92 can reach the second end 12 along the first observation channel 14 and observe the lesion area through the first light-transmitting element 81. The first tube 1 has an injection channel 15, which extends along the first tube 1 from the first end 11 to the second end 12. The injection port 23 of the first connector 2 is connected to the injection channel 15 on the first end 11, and liquid can enter through the injection port 23. The fluid can be injected into the injection channel 15 and output from the second end 12 along the injection channel 15 to rinse the lesion area; the fluid in the lesion area can also enter the operation channel 13 of the second end 12 and be withdrawn along the operation channel 13; that is, the first tube 1 observes the lesion area through the first observation channel 14, injects fluid through the injection channel 15 to rinse the lesion area, and performs surgery on the lesion area or withdraws the fluid from the lesion area through the operation channel 13, which greatly integrates surgical functions and avoids the need to constantly change different tubes during the operation, thus affecting the efficiency and safety of the operation.

[0098] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the suction connector 5 has an air inlet 52; the air inlet 52 is connected to the suction channel 51. Thus, during the suction process of the external suction device through the suction channel 51, external air can enter the suction channel 51 through the air inlet 52; the user can adjust the suction force of the suction channel 51 on the operating channel 13 by controlling the air intake flow rate of the air inlet 52 with their finger.

[0099] In addition, by adding an air inlet 52 to the suction connector 5, the air inlet 52 can automatically introduce external air or other inert gas when the negative pressure reaches a set threshold, thereby limiting the minimum value of the negative pressure in the suction channel 51, avoiding the formation of an excessively strong vacuum in the cavity, and realizing adaptive adjustment of the pressure in the suction channel 51.

[0100] In addition, the air inlet 52 provides an additional air entrance, allowing the gas-liquid mixture formed in the suction channel 51 to fully mix with fresh air upon entering the suction channel 51, creating a uniform gas-liquid flow state. This avoids turbulence and vortices caused by single-phase liquid flow. This more stable flow field structure reduces the impact of fluid pressure fluctuations on the inner wall of the suction channel 51 and the inner wall of the operating channel 13, reduces fatigue damage to the conduit material caused by periodic impacts, and reduces tissue damage caused by scraping suction.

[0101] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the air inlet 52 has an elongated cross-section. This allows the user to easily control the air intake by blocking air inlets 52 of different lengths with their fingers.

[0102] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the width of the elongated air inlet 52 gradually decreases or increases in the suction direction of the suction channel 51. Thus, when the user slides their finger along the length of the air inlet 52, the rate at which the air intake is controlled gradually increases or decreases, facilitating adjustment of the air intake volume of the air inlet 52.

[0103] In one embodiment, after the airflow enters the air inlet 52, the air pressure inside the air inlet 52 gradually changes along the suction direction of the suction channel 51. This allows the airflow to assist in the dispersion or convergence of particles or fine bubbles in the mixture within the suction channel 51 as it enters the suction channel 51, thanks to the gradual gradient pressure. In another embodiment, the air pressure inside the air inlet 52 gradually decreases along the suction direction of the suction channel 51.

[0104] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the inner wall of the suction channel 51 has a spiral groove 511 extending spirally along the suction channel 51; in the extending direction of the suction channel 51, the air inlet 52 communicates with the bottom of the spiral groove 511 at multiple points. This allows the air inlet 52 to enter the suction channel 51 through multiple connections; when the liquid reaches the spiral groove 511, it can generate a vortex, and loose material clumps are easily torn apart by the vortex, reducing the accumulation of solid material.

[0105] In one embodiment, both the first light-transmitting element 81 and the first tube 1 are made of PC material.

[0106] In addition, PC (polycarbonate) material itself has excellent light transmittance, with a light transmittance of over 90%, which can ensure extremely high optical clarity and color reproduction of the observation channel of intracranial structures or fluids through the first light-transmitting element 81, thereby improving the imaging quality of the endoscope 92 in the first observation channel 14 and helping surgeons to more accurately identify tissue interfaces and lesions.

[0107] In addition, PC material combines high impact strength with good flexural strength, achieving a balance between flexibility and robustness in the first tube 1. PC material can resist external impacts and compression damage while maintaining the shape of the tube, preventing the conduit from becoming unstable or ruptured due to excessive local compression or torsion, thus ensuring the structural integrity and long-term reliability of the entire conduit system.

[0108] In addition, PC material has good biocompatibility and chemical stability, and can withstand conventional high temperature and high pressure sterilization and various chemical disinfection processes. When the catheter is placed in the intracranial cavity for a long time and can be used once or repeatedly, the material performance will not be significantly degraded by temperature, pH value or chemical reagents, ensuring the safety and consistency of the first tube body 1 and the first light-transmitting element 81 in clinical applications.

[0109] In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting element 81 is bonded and fixed to the second end 12. This makes connecting the first light-transmitting element 81 and the second end 12 very convenient.

[0110] In addition, the adhesive fixing method can form a continuous and seamless contact interface between the first light-transmitting element 81 and the first tube body 1, eliminating the gap and stress concentration problems caused by traditional mechanical snap-fit ​​or interlocking connections, thereby significantly improving the sealing performance of the observation channel at the second end 12 and preventing intracranial cerebrospinal fluid or injection fluid from leaking or moving through the connection between the first light-transmitting element 81 and the tube wall during the operation.

[0111] In one embodiment, the device further includes: a positioning post 811 and a positioning cavity 121; the positioning post 811 is disposed on the first light-transmitting element 81; the positioning cavity 121 is disposed on the second end 12; and the positioning post 811 is inserted into the positioning cavity 121. Thus, the positioning post 811 inserted into the positioning cavity 121 can improve the stability of the first light-transmitting element 81.

[0112] In addition, the cooperation between the positioning post 811 and the positioning cavity 121 enables the alignment of the first light-transmitting element 81 with respect to the first tube body 1 in the radial, axial and rotational directions.

[0113] In one embodiment, the system further includes a drug-releasing coating; the drug-releasing coating covers the inner wall of the injection channel 15. Thus, during the injection of liquid into the injection channel 15, the drug within the drug-releasing coating can enter the lesion area along with the injected liquid.

[0114] In one embodiment, the drug-release coating contains an anti-inflammatory or thrombolytic agent.

[0115] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: an optical waveguide 96, a sensitizing layer 97, a light source, and a light receiver; the inner wall of the suction channel 51 has a receiving groove 512 extending along the suction channel 51; in the suction direction of the suction channel 51, the receiving groove 512 is located downstream of the spiral groove 511, and the spiral groove 511 communicates with the receiving groove 512; the optical waveguide 96 is disposed in the receiving groove 512, and the optical waveguide 96 extends along the receiving groove 512; the optical waveguide 96 includes: a core layer 961 and a cladding layer 962; the cladding layer 962 wraps around the outside of the core layer 961, and the sensitizing layer 97 wraps around the outside of the cladding layer 962; the refractive index of the sensitizing layer 97 can change with temperature; the light beam emitted by the light source enters from one end of the optical waveguide 96 and exits from the other end of the optical waveguide 96 to the light receiver; some evanescent waves in the optical waveguide 96 can penetrate into the sensitizing layer 97; the light source and the light receiver are respectively connected to the suction connector 5.Thus, the inner wall of the suction channel 51 has a receiving groove 512 extending along the suction channel 51; in the suction direction of the suction channel 51, the receiving groove 512 is located downstream of the spiral groove 511, and the spiral groove 511 is connected to the receiving groove 512; during the suction process of the external suction device through the suction channel 51, the gas (or liquid) flowing along the suction channel 51 first passes through the spiral groove 511 and then through the receiving groove 512; in addition, when the gas or liquid flows through the spiral groove 511, centrifugal force is generated, which makes it easier for the gas or liquid to enter the receiving groove 512 on the inner wall of the downstream suction channel 51; in addition, because the spiral groove 511 The spiral groove 511 is connected to the receiving slot 512, which is located on the inner wall of the suction channel 51. Gas or liquid in the spiral groove 511 can enter the receiving slot 512, and gas or liquid in the suction channel 51 can also enter the receiving slot 512. The optical waveguide 96 and the sensitive layer 97 can be housed in the receiving slot 512, reducing the space occupied by the optical waveguide 96 inside the suction channel 51. The light beam emitted by the light source enters the optical waveguide 96 from one end and can be transmitted along the optical waveguide 96. The light beam inside the optical waveguide 96 can also exit from the other end of the optical waveguide 96 to the optical receiver, which the user can receive through the optical receiver. The state of the emitted beam (beam state: such as the light pattern and / or light energy distribution); when the temperature of the varistor layer 97 changes, the refractive index of the varistor layer 97 can change with the temperature; since the evanescent wave of light in the optical waveguide 96 can penetrate into the varistor layer 97, the change in the refractive index of the varistor layer 97 can change the state of the evanescent wave, and the change in the state of the evanescent wave can change the state of the light in the optical waveguide 96. Users can determine whether there is gas or liquid of different temperature in contact with the varistor layer 97 based on the state of the light in the optical waveguide 96, which is more accurate; before the suction channel 51 suctions, the temperature of the varistor layer 97 is the temperature of the space inside the receiving tank 512; when suction... After suction begins in the suction channel 51, before the human body fluid comes into contact with the sensitive layer 97, external gas enters the receiving tank 512 through the air inlet 52 and spiral groove 511. The external gas can change the temperature of the sensitive layer 97. As the external gas gradually enters the receiving tank 512, the temperature inside the receiving tank 512 gradually becomes more consistent with the temperature of the external gas. When the human body fluid enters the receiving tank 512 and comes into contact with the sensitive layer 97 during suction, the human body fluid can change the temperature of the sensitive layer 97. The user can judge the current suction status by the state of the light beam received by the optical receiver. In addition, the optical waveguide 96 itself is not charged, ensuring the safety of the patient.

[0116] In one embodiment, the user determines the temperature of the varistor layer 97 based on the beam state received by the photodetector. In another embodiment, the user determines the temperature using the varistor layer 97 by placing it in liquids at different temperatures and recording the different beam patterns and / or light energy distribution states received by the photodetector, thus obtaining a "temperature-beam pattern correspondence table." When the conduit is in use, if the user obtains a beam pattern state through the photodetector, the obtained beam pattern is compared with the aforementioned "temperature-beam pattern correspondence table."

[0117] In one embodiment, the temperature of a typical operating room is below 30 degrees Celsius, while the temperature of human body fluids is above 30 degrees Celsius. The user only needs to determine whether human body fluids have entered the receiving tank 512 and come into contact with the sensitive layer 97 by observing whether the state of the light beam received by the light receiver changes.

[0118] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the receiving groove 512 is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole; one end of the optical waveguide 96 passes through the first mounting hole and extends into the external space, and the other end of the optical waveguide 96 passes through the second mounting hole and extends into the external space. In one embodiment, the light source is disposed on the outer surface of the suction connector 5. In one embodiment, the light receiver is disposed on the outer surface of the suction connector 5.

[0119] In one embodiment, a light beam emitted by the light source enters from one end of the optical waveguide 96, travels along the optical waveguide 96, passes through the receiving slot 512, and exits from the other end of the optical waveguide 96. In another embodiment, a user performs detection at the output or input end of the optical waveguide 96 using an optical receiver.

[0120] In one embodiment, the optical receiver is a CCD (CCD: charge coupled device) or an optical receiving screen.

[0121] In one embodiment, the light source is a semiconductor laser. In another embodiment, the light source is a visible light semiconductor laser.

[0122] In one embodiment, the light source may be the light source described in: (Chinese Invention Patent; Publication No.: CN101636646A; Subject Name: Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor; Publication Date: 2010-01-27).

[0123] In one embodiment, the optical receiver may employ the first detector described in: (Chinese Invention Patent; Publication No.: CN101636646A; Subject Name: Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor; Publication Date: 2010-01-27).

[0124] Regarding "optical waveguide 96": An optical waveguide 96 is a dielectric device that guides light waves to propagate; it is also called a dielectric waveguide. There are two main types of optical waveguides 96: one is integrated optical waveguides, including planar (thin-film) dielectric waveguides and strip dielectric waveguides, which are usually part of optoelectronic integrated devices (or systems), hence the name integrated optical waveguides; the other is cylindrical optical waveguides, commonly referred to as optical fibers.

[0125] Regarding the refraction process of "optical waveguide 96": (1) The basis of optical waveguide 96 is the refractive index difference: usually the refractive index n1 of the middle part (called "core 961" or core) is higher than the refractive index n2 of the surrounding parts ("cladding 962" or cladding), that is, n1>n2. (2) According to Snell's law and the principle of total internal reflection, when light is incident on the interface of core 961 / cladding 962 and the incident angle is greater than the "critical angle of total internal reflection", the light will be completely reflected back into the core 961, thereby achieving guided propagation without attenuation.

[0126] Regarding "evanescent waves": Evanescent waves (also known as surface waves or evanescent waves) are electromagnetic fields formed at the interface when light waves are incident from an optically denser medium to an optically less dense medium and undergo total internal reflection. Although no energy is transmitted to the other side, the electromagnetic field does not disappear abruptly at the interface. Instead, an electromagnetic field is formed at the interface that propagates along the interface and whose amplitude decays exponentially.

[0127] Regarding "light modes" and evanescent waves: (1) From the perspective of wave optics, the waveguide supports several discrete propagation modes, each mode corresponding to an electromagnetic field distribution in a two-dimensional cross section. (2) In addition to the main field distribution in the core, each mode has a portion of the electromagnetic field "tailing" to the cladding 962 in the form of exponential decay. This is the evanescent wave, which can couple with the cladding 962 or the external medium and is sensitive to changes in the surrounding refractive index.

[0128] In one embodiment, the cross-section of the optical waveguide 96 in this application is circular.

[0129] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the core layer 961 is 1.46 to 1.48.

[0130] In one embodiment, the refractive index of cladding 962 is 1.40 to 1.42.

[0131] In one embodiment, the optical waveguide 96 can be found in: (Chinese Invention Patent; Publication No.: CN104781708A; Subject Title: Bending Optical Waveguide; Publication Date: 2015-07-15).

[0132] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by this invention, the sensitive layer 97 is a gel layer. Thus, the gel layer possesses resistance to water absorption and swelling or dehydration stability, maintaining a stable shape and refractive index in a body fluid environment. Furthermore, the gel layer can not only sense temperature changes (thermo-optic effect), but also embed different functional molecules, nanoparticles, and fluorescent probes to influence optical properties. In addition, the gel's high water permeability and low diffusion resistance allow thermal, pressure, or chemical signals to be rapidly transmitted to the optical waveguide 96 interface, with typical response times reaching milliseconds or even sub-milliseconds.

[0133] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the gel layer is lower than that of the core layer 961 of the optical waveguide 96, and the refractive index of the gel layer is higher than that of the cladding layer 962 of the optical waveguide 96.

[0134] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the gel layer is 1.42 to 1.46.

[0135] In one embodiment, the gel layer is a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel. In one embodiment, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel can be found in (U.S. Patent; Publication No.: US20090131548A1; Subject: PVAhydrogel; Publication Date: 2009-05-21).

[0136] In one embodiment, the gel layer is a polyacrylamide (PAAm) gel. In another embodiment, the polyacrylamide (PAAm) gel can be found in (Chinese Invention Patent; Publication No.: CN113756097A; Title: A High-Stretch Hydrogel Conductive Optical Fiber, Its Preparation Method and Application; Publication Date: 2021-12-07).

[0137] In one embodiment, the gel layer is a poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) gel.

[0138] In one embodiment, the gel layer is a thermosensitive PNIPAM gel.

[0139] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a grating; the grating is located on the beam path propagating along the optical waveguide 96. Thus, when the beam in the optical waveguide 96 passes through the grating, if a temperature change in the suction channel 51 causes a change in the beam in the optical waveguide 96, the beam passing through the grating will change, and the user can determine whether there is a temperature change in the suction channel 51 based on the change in the beam state.

[0140] In one embodiment, the grating is a fiber Bragg grating. In one embodiment, the Bragg grating is inscribed in the fiber core 961, located in the propagation path of the light beam within the optical waveguide 96. Thus, when a temperature change in the suction channel 51 (or the variable layer 97) causes a change in the refractive index of the optical waveguide 96, the reflection center wavelength of the Bragg grating will undergo a measurable shift. The user can determine whether there is a temperature change within the suction channel 51 by monitoring the drift of the center wavelength of the reflection spectrum. The method for calculating the shift of the reflection center wavelength of the Bragg grating can be found in paragraph

[0075] of the specification (Chinese Invention Patent; Publication No.: CN103674079A; Subject Title: Real-time Measurement Method Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Measurement System; Publication Date: 2014-03-26).

[0141] In one embodiment, the grating is located between the emitting end of the optical waveguide 96 and the optical receiver.

[0142] In one embodiment, the cladding 962 inside the gel layer includes a first region and a second region; the thickness of the first region is less than the thickness of the second region. Thus, the thinner the cladding 962, the less the evanescent wave attenuates within the cladding 962, and the greater the proportion of the evanescent wave penetrating into the gel layer; this allows the minute fluctuations in refractive index in the variability layer 97 caused by temperature or chemical changes to be fully coupled into the evanescent wave, thereby generating a significant measurable signal in the effective refractive index of the optical waveguide 96.

[0143] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, a one-way valve 53 is provided in the air inlet 52 for controlling the unidirectional flow of air into the suction channel 51. In this way, the one-way valve 53 can control the gas entering from the air inlet 52 to flow unidirectionally into the suction channel 51.

[0144] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the one-way valve 53 is a one-way flap. Thus, controlling the air inlet 52 via the one-way flap is very convenient.

[0145] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the unidirectional valve includes: an annular body 531, a valve body 532, and an elastic pre-tightening member 533; the outer wall of the annular body 531 is fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet 52, and a through hole 5312 connecting the air inlet 52 and the suction channel 51 is provided in the center of the annular body 531; one end face of the annular body 531 is a sealing surface 5311 for fitting and sealing with the valve body 532, and the valve body 532 is rotatably connected to the annular body 531 via a rotating shaft 534; the elastic pre-tightening member 533 connects the valve body 532 and the annular body 531, and the elastic pre-tightening member 533 pulls the valve body 532 against the sealing surface 5311 and closes the through hole 5312; when the pressure in the suction channel 51 is less than the external air pressure, and the difference between the external air pressure and the pressure in the suction channel 51 is a predetermined air pressure difference greater than zero, the external air pressure can push the valve body 532 open. Thus, without external force, the elastic pre-tightening member 533 can pull the valve body 532, causing the valve body 532 to abut against the sealing surface 5311 of the ring body 531 to seal the through hole 5312, preventing external dust from entering the suction channel 51 through the through hole 5312 and reducing the pollution of the suction channel 51 by the external environment. When the external suction device suctions the suction channel 51, the air pressure in the suction channel 51 decreases. When the pressure difference between the external air pressure and the pressure difference in the suction channel 51 is greater than the predetermined air pressure difference, the external air pressure pushes open the valve body 532, and the external gas can enter the suction channel 51 through the through hole 5312.

[0146] In one embodiment, the elastic preload 533 is a spring.

[0147] In one embodiment, the edge of the ring 531 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet 52.

[0148] In one embodiment, the edge of the valve body 532 is bent away from the annulus body 531. This prevents the edge of the valve body 532 from sticking to the sealing surface 5311 and affecting the opening of the valve body 532.

[0149] In one embodiment, the valve body 532 is any one of a silicone sheet, a fluororubber sheet, a polyurethane sheet, or a shape memory alloy sheet. Thus, the silicone sheet possesses high elasticity and excellent biocompatibility. The fluororubber sheet exhibits strong chemical stability, excellent resistance to chemicals, and outstanding high-temperature resistance. The shape memory alloy sheet can provide different sealing states at different temperatures. When the external temperature rises, it triggers an austenitic transformation, increasing the stiffness of the shape memory alloy sheet and enhancing its sealing ability over the suction channel 51, thus acting as a temperature safety valve.

[0150] In one embodiment, the system further includes a filter screen 54; the filter screen 54 covers the air inlet 52. Thus, the filter screen 54 can filter the gas entering the air inlet 52, reducing the amount of dust from the external environment entering the air inlet 52.

[0151] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the sealing element 3 includes: a first plug 31, a flexible rod 32, and a second plug 33; the first plug 31 is connected to the second plug 33 via the flexible rod 32; the first plug 31 blocks the working port 21; the first plug 31 has an insertion hole 312 for external tools to enter; the insertion hole 312 communicates with the working port 21; the second plug 33 can be inserted into and block the insertion hole 312. Thus, the first plug 31 can block the working port 21, and the insertion hole 312 on the first plug 31 allows surgical tools to pass through and enter the operating channel 13; when it is necessary to close the insertion hole 312, it is only necessary to insert the second plug 33 into the insertion hole 312 to block the insertion hole 312.

[0152] In addition, the first plug 31 is connected to the second plug 33 via a flexible rod 32. Utilizing the elastic return characteristic of the flexible rod 32, when the first plug 31 is placed at the working port 21 to complete the primary sealing, external tools can enter the operating channel 13 through the pre-drilled insertion hole 312 on the first plug 31. When it is necessary to seal the insertion hole 312, the second plug 33 only needs to be inserted into the insertion hole 312 to seal it. There is no need to completely disassemble or replace the entire sealing system, which simplifies the surgical procedure, shortens the instrument replacement time, and quickly restores the seal after the operation.

[0153] In addition, the flexible rod 32 connects the first plug 31 and the second plug 33. Due to the buffering effect of the flexible material, it reduces the damage to the first plug 31, the second plug 33, the first connector 2 and the working port 21 that may be caused by rapid insertion and removal, and extends the service life of the seal 3.

[0154] In one embodiment, the first plug 31 is U-shaped; the surface of the first connector 2 has a positioning groove 24 extending along the U-shaped path; the U-shaped body is filled in the positioning groove 24; the working port 21 communicates with the bottom of the positioning groove 24. In this way, the U-shaped body is not easily loosened when it is locked in the positioning groove 24.

[0155] In addition, the U-shaped body and the positioning groove 24 fit together, ensuring the stable fixation of the first plug 31 at the working port 21 without the need for additional snap-fit ​​or twist-lock structures.

[0156] In addition, due to the large contact area between the U-shaped body and the positioning groove 24, the mechanical force is distributed more evenly, which can better resist displacement or loosening when high pressure is flushed or external tools are quickly inserted or removed, thus enhancing the overall sealing performance and durability of the seal 3.

[0157] In addition, the U-shaped body uses a resilient material and the groove shape of the positioning groove 24, so that when the second plug 33 blocks the insertion hole 312, the U-shaped body can rely on its own elasticity to form continuous pressure on the edge of the insertion hole 312, thereby improving the sealing performance.

[0158] In one embodiment, the positioning groove 24 has a slot 241 at its edge; the flexible rod 32 is engaged in the slot 241. This makes it less likely for the flexible rod 32 to loosen when engaged in the positioning groove 24.

[0159] In addition, provided that the U-shaped body matches the positioning groove 24, by embedding the flexible rod 32 into the slot 241, the first plug 31 will not suffer from poor sealing due to the slippage of the flexible rod 32 when subjected to external traction, torque or hydraulic impact during the operation.

[0160] In addition, the fixed-point locking of the slot 241 onto the flexible rod 32 makes the positioning of the first plug 31 more precise. Moreover, during disassembly, the first plug 31 can be quickly removed simply by using the flexible rod 32 and the second plug 33 to form a predetermined mechanical lever.

[0161] In one embodiment, the first plug 31 has a protrusion 311; the protrusion 311 protrudes outward from the positioning groove 24. In this way, when an external object comes into contact with the protrusion 311, it is less likely to bump into the edge of the positioning groove 24.

[0162] In addition, when the surgeon needs to open the insertion hole 312, since the protrusion 311 protrudes from the outside of the positioning groove 24, after the surgeon touches the first connector 2, the surgeon's fingers can easily slide along the surface of the first connector 2 to touch the protrusion 311 protruding from the outside of the positioning groove 24. After touching the protrusion 311, the surgeon can find the position of the first plug 31, thereby greatly shortening the operation response time in emergency situations and avoiding delays caused by repeated blind touching.

[0163] In addition, the presence of the protrusion 311 also improves the visibility of the first plug 31. Medical personnel can easily see the protrusion 311 protruding on the outside of the positioning groove 24, making it easier for them to find the first plug 31.

[0164] In one embodiment, the surface of the protrusion 311 facing away from the first connector 2 is a predetermined plane 3111; the insertion hole 312 is formed in the central region of the predetermined plane 3111. This facilitates the alignment and insertion of the second plug 33 into the insertion hole 312.

[0165] In addition, the predetermined plane 3111 provides a flat operating surface for the first plug 31, so that when inserting or removing the insertion hole 312, medical personnel can apply force in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined plane 3111 to avoid friction jamming or edge scratches caused by torsional force.

[0166] In addition, a hole 312 is opened in the central region of the predetermined plane 3111 to facilitate the dissipation of stress from the central region of the first plug 31 to the periphery.

[0167] In one embodiment, the second plug 33 is cylindrical in shape; the outer diameter of the second plug 33 is the same as the inner diameter of the insertion hole 312. Thus, the second plug 33 can block the insertion hole 312 when inserted into it.

[0168] In one embodiment, the cylindrical second plug 33 is press-fitted with the insertion hole 312, which can instantly form a 360-degree circumferential pressure fit when inserted into the insertion hole 312, so that the edge of the insertion hole 312 is tightly fitted with the outer peripheral surface of the second plug 33, quickly establishing a stable secondary sealing interface and effectively blocking the risk of liquid leakage and air intrusion.

[0169] In addition, the outer diameter of the second plug 33 is the same as the inner diameter of the insertion hole 312, eliminating the cumbersome selection process during assembly. Medical personnel can achieve a one-time accurate fit without trying several sizes of the second plug 33 during surgery, which improves operational efficiency and reduces the types of instruments and inventory management costs.

[0170] In addition, the coaxial arrangement of the second plug 33 and the insertion hole 312 makes the frictional resistance generated during the insertion and removal process evenly distributed, preventing it from being concentrated in a certain local area. This also reduces local wear on the inner wall of the insertion hole 312 and slows down the material wear of the insertion hole 312 and the second plug 33.

[0171] Furthermore, the second plug 33 forms a self-locking connection after being inserted into the insertion hole 312. This allows the second plug 33 to maintain a stable seal for extended periods under extreme conditions such as high-pressure injection or negative-pressure suction, preventing it from loosening or falling off during pressure fluctuations. In one embodiment, the second plug 33 is mutually self-locked to the inner wall of the insertion hole 312 by multiple hooks, with at least one hook mounted on the column and at least one hook mounted on the inner wall of the insertion hole 312.

[0172] In one embodiment, the edge of the second plug 33 at the end away from the flexible rod 32 has a chamfer 331. This facilitates the insertion of the second plug 33 into the socket 312 guided by the chamfer 331.

[0173] In addition, the chamfered edge 331 transforms the sharp corner that originally made right-angle contact with the inner wall of the socket 312 into a bevel, making the initial contact of the second plug 33 into the socket 312 smoother, effectively reducing stress concentration at the edge, reducing minor scratches and wear on the inner wall of the socket 312 and the surface of the second plug 33, thereby extending the service life of both.

[0174] In addition, the chamfered edge 331 forms a gradually changing angle that can self-guide the center of the second plug 33 to align with the axis of the insertion hole 312 during insertion, reducing the risk of jamming due to slight positional deviation, improving insertion and removal smoothness and reducing operational errors.

[0175] In addition, after the chamfered edge 331 comes into contact with the inner wall of the socket 312, it first distributes the load in the form of an inclined surface, and then gradually transfers the force to the entire cylindrical surface, which effectively plays a graded buffering role and significantly reduces the possibility of local material fatigue and deformation of the inner wall of the socket 312.

[0176] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: an elastic ring 34; two end faces of the second plug 33 are an upper end face 332 and a lower end face 333, respectively; a first annular groove 3321 is formed on the upper end face 332, and the first annular groove 3321 communicates with the external space; the first annular groove 3321 is coaxially arranged with the second plug 33; the elastic ring 34 is filled in the first annular groove 3321. Thus, when the second plug 33 deforms during compression, the elastic ring 34 can help the second plug 33 maintain its shape and improve the sealing between the second plug 33 and the inner wall of the insertion hole 312.

[0177] In addition, the elastic ring 34 can generate radial outward rebound tension when the second plug 33 is radially compressed, which facilitates the second plug 33 to restore the sealing effect as soon as possible after being compressed.

[0178] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the elastic ring 34 is a spring coil. Thus, the structure of the spring coil is simple.

[0179] In one embodiment, the initial state of the spring coil is circular.

[0180] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a first shape memory alloy spring 37; a plurality of first shape memory alloy springs 37 are inserted into a first annular groove 3321, and an elastic ring 34 is located between the bottom wall of the first annular groove 3321 and the plurality of first shape memory alloy springs 37; each first shape memory alloy spring 37 is respectively sandwiched between the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove 3321; the plurality of first shape memory alloy springs 37 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first annular groove 3321; when the ambient temperature of the first shape memory alloy spring 37 is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the first shape memory alloy spring 37 can be freely bent and deformed; when the ambient temperature of the first shape memory alloy spring 37 is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the first shape memory alloy spring 37 returns to its initial shape, and the first shape memory alloy spring 37 generates expansion forces in opposite directions on the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove 3321.

[0181] Thus, the temperature in the operating room is generally 21-25℃, while the temperature of human body fluids is above 35℃. When the ambient temperature of the first memory alloy spring 37 is below 30℃, the first memory alloy spring 37 can be freely bent and deformed, and can be freely bent and stored in the first annular groove 3321. Each of the first memory alloy springs 37 is clamped between the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove 3321. When the first annular groove 3321 is squeezed, the first memory alloy spring 37 can deform. If the sealing effect of the second plug 33 is compromised during the operation and body fluid leaks into the first annular groove 3321, the first memory alloy spring 37 can restore its own shape and expand the first annular groove 3321 to improve the sealing effect of the second plug 33.

[0182] The temperature of human body fluids is generally above 35 degrees Celsius.

[0183] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the austenitic phase transformation temperature of each of the first shape memory alloy springs 37 is the same. Thus, the recovery of shape by each of the first shape memory alloy springs 37 after contact with body fluids is more synchronized.

[0184] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the first shape memory alloy spring 37 is a columnar spring that extends along the axial direction of the first annular groove 3321. Thus, liquid can permeate along the columnar spring into the interior of the first annular groove 3321.

[0185] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the elastic ring 34 is a spring coil.

[0186] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, there are multiple first annular grooves 3321 and multiple spring coils; the multiple first annular grooves 3321 and multiple spring coils correspond one-to-one; the multiple first annular grooves 3321 are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple first annular grooves 3321 increase sequentially. Thus, each of the multiple concentrically arranged first annular grooves 3321 contains a spring coil, allowing the multiple spring coils to deform sequentially from the outside to the inside during the radial compression of the second plug 33, facilitating the distribution of the compression stress among the multiple spring coils; the inner spring coil assists the outer spring coil in restoring its shape during the shape recovery process.

[0187] In addition, the concentric arrangement of multiple spring rings can improve sealing redundancy. If the sealing performance of any one spring ring deteriorates due to fatigue or contamination, the other spring rings can still maintain the overall seal without failure.

[0188] In addition, the concentric arrangement of multiple spring rings can effectively disperse the axial friction and radial extrusion forces generated by the insertion and removal of the second plug 33, reduce the deformation of each spring ring, slow down the fatigue accumulation rate, and greatly extend the overall life of the seal 3.

[0189] In one embodiment, the second plug 33 has an axis of symmetry Y. In one embodiment, the axis of symmetry Y passes through the center of each spring coil. In one embodiment, the axis of symmetry Y passes through the center of each shape memory alloy ring 35.

[0190] In one embodiment, the surface of the spring coil is provided with a first anti-slip texture. Thus, during the compression of the second plug 33, the first anti-slip texture can enhance the friction between the spring coil and the inner wall of the first annular groove 3321, reducing the sliding of the spring coil relative to the inner wall of the first annular groove 3321.

[0191] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the first annular groove 3321 has a fourth anti-slip texture. When the spring coil returns to its original shape, the first and fourth anti-slip textures engage with each other. This reduces slippage between the spring coil and the inner wall of the first annular groove 3321.

[0192] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a shape memory alloy ring 35; a second annular groove 3331 is formed on the lower end face 333, the second annular groove 3331 is connected to the operating channel 13; the second annular groove 3331 is coaxially arranged with the second plug 33; the shape memory alloy ring 35 is filled in the second annular groove 3331; when the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring 35 is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the shape memory alloy ring 35 can be freely bent and deformed; when the external force is removed and the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring 35 is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the austenitic phase transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy ring 35 is reached, and the shape memory alloy ring 35 can recover into a ring shape. Thus, the operating room temperature is generally 21-25℃, while the temperature of human body fluids is above 35℃. When the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring 35 is below 30℃, the shape memory alloy ring 35 can be freely bent and deformed, and can be freely bent and stored in the second annular groove 3331. If the second plug 33 is squeezed during insertion into the insertion hole 312, causing the shape memory alloy ring 35 to deform, if body fluid seeps into the second annular groove 3331 along the operating channel 13 and comes into contact with the shape memory alloy ring 35 during the surgical procedure, the shape memory alloy ring 35 can assist the second plug 33 in restoring its original shape during the process of returning to its annular shape, thereby improving the sealing ability of the second plug 33 in sealing the insertion hole 312. The human body temperature is 36.6℃~37.8℃, and when body fluids in the human body come into contact with the shape memory alloy ring 35, the shape memory alloy ring 35 can restore its shape.

[0193] In addition, the spring ring on the upper end face 332 assists in sealing one end of the second plug body 33, and the shape memory alloy ring 35 on the lower end face 333 assists in sealing the other end of the second plug body 33.

[0194] In one embodiment, the second annular groove 3331 is connected to the operation channel 13.

[0195] In one embodiment, please refer to column 4, lines 15 to 25 of the specification of U.S. Patent Publication No.: US4144057A; subject matter: Shape memory alloys; publication date: 1979-03-13, which discloses that the phase transition temperature of memory alloys can reach 35 degrees Celsius.

[0196] In one embodiment, please refer to paragraph

[0022] of the specification of Chinese Invention Patent Publication No.: CN119710365A; Subject Name: A Trace Multi-Element Doped Medical Nickel-Titanium Alloy Tube and Its Preparation Method; Publication Date: 2025-03-28, which mentions a technical solution where the phase transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is 30 degrees Celsius to 33 degrees Celsius.

[0197] In one embodiment, please refer to paragraph

[0072] of the specification of Chinese Invention Patent No.: CN112427654A; Subject Name: A Nickel-Titanium Alloy Stent Prepared Based on Metal Additive Manufacturing Technology and Its Preparation Method; Publication Date: 2021-03-02, which mentions a technical solution with a phase transformation temperature of 33±2 degrees Celsius for nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and describes a technical solution in which nickel-titanium shape memory alloy can be fully expanded at 37 degrees Celsius.

[0198] In one embodiment, the shape memory alloy ring 35 is initially circular.

[0199] In one embodiment, the shape memory alloy ring 35 is made of a nickel-titanium alloy. Thus, the two most notable characteristics of nickel-titanium alloys are superelasticity and shape memory effect.

[0200] In one embodiment, the surface of the shape memory alloy ring 35 is provided with a second anti-slip texture. Thus, during the compression of the second plug 33, the second anti-slip texture can enhance the friction between the shape memory alloy ring 35 and the inner wall of the second annular groove 3331, reducing the sliding of the shape memory alloy ring 35 relative to the inner wall of the second annular groove 3331.

[0201] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the second annular groove 3331 has a fifth anti-slip texture, and when the shape memory alloy ring 35 returns to its original shape, the second anti-slip texture and the fifth anti-slip texture engage with each other.

[0202] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a thermally conductive layer 36; the thermally conductive layer 36 includes: a first thermally conductive region 361 and a second thermally conductive region 362; the first thermally conductive region 361 is laid on the inner wall of the second annular groove 3331; the first thermally conductive region 361 is sandwiched between the shape memory alloy ring 35 and one inner sidewall of the second annular groove 3331; the second thermally conductive region 362 is laid on the lower end face 333. Thus, when bodily fluid splashes onto the second thermally conductive region 362 on the lower end face 333, the second thermally conductive region 362 can transfer heat to the first thermally conductive region 361 to increase the temperature of the shape memory alloy ring 35.

[0203] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a second shape memory alloy spring 38; a plurality of second shape memory alloy springs 38 are inserted in the second annular groove 3331, and a shape memory alloy ring 35 is located between the bottom wall of the second annular groove 3331 and the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs 38; each second shape memory alloy spring 38 is respectively sandwiched between the first heat-conducting region 361 and the other inner wall of the second annular groove 3331; the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs 38 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second annular groove 3331; when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring 38 is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring 38 can be freely bent and deformed; when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring 38 is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring 38 returns to its initial shape, and the second shape memory alloy spring 38 generates expansion forces in opposite directions on the inner walls of the first heat-conducting region 361 and the second annular groove 3331 respectively.

[0204] Thus, the operating room temperature is generally 21-25℃, while the temperature of human body fluids is above 35℃. When the ambient temperature of the second memory alloy spring 38 is below 30℃, the second memory alloy spring 38 can be freely bent and deformed, and can be freely bent and stored in the second annular groove 3331. Each second memory alloy spring 38 is respectively clamped between the first heat-conducting area 361 and the other inner wall of the second annular groove 3331. The heat on the first heat-conducting area 361 can be transferred to the second memory alloy spring 38. When the second memory alloy spring 38 is compressed, it can... If the sealing effect of the second plug 33 fails during the operation and bodily fluid leaks into the second annular groove 3331, the second shape memory alloy spring 38 can restore its shape and maintain the distance between the first heat-conducting area 361 and the second annular groove 3331, facilitating further penetration of the liquid into the second annular groove 3331. Moreover, under the thrust of the second shape memory alloy spring 38, the contact between the first heat-conducting area 361 and the inner wall of the second annular groove 3331 becomes more secure and less prone to loosening, and the contact between the second shape memory alloy spring 38 and the first heat-conducting area 361 becomes tighter, facilitating heat transfer.

[0205] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 In one specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, the second shape memory alloy spring 38 is a columnar spring; the second shape memory alloy spring 38 extends along the axial direction of the second annular groove 3331. Thus, liquid can permeate along the columnar spring into the interior of the second annular groove 3331.

[0206] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, there are multiple second annular grooves 3331 and multiple shape memory alloy rings 35; the multiple second annular grooves 3331 and multiple shape memory alloy rings 35 correspond one-to-one; the multiple second annular grooves 3331 are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple second annular grooves 3331 increase sequentially; multiple second shape memory alloy springs 38 are respectively arranged in each second annular groove 3331. In this way, shape memory alloy rings 35 are respectively arranged in multiple concentrically arranged second annular grooves 3331, so that when the second plug 33 is radially compressed, the multiple shape memory alloy rings 35 can deform sequentially from the outside to the inside, which facilitates the distribution of the compressive stress to the multiple shape memory alloy rings 35; when the deformed shape memory alloy rings 35 recover their shape at a temperature higher than their own phase transition temperature, the multiple shape memory alloy rings 35 can cooperate with each other to recover their shape, and the shape memory alloy rings 35 located on the inner side can assist the shape memory alloy rings 35 on the outer side in recovering their own shape.

[0207] In addition, as multiple concentric shape memory alloy rings 35 recover their shape and expand outward, the support force of the multiple shape memory alloy rings 35 is superimposed from the inside to the outside, forming a gradient seal from weak to strong.

[0208] In addition, if any one of the shape memory alloy rings 35 experiences a decrease in thrust due to stress fatigue or fluid deposition, the remaining shape memory alloy rings 35 can still maintain the overall sealing performance, greatly improving the tolerance of the conduit system to single-point failure.

[0209] In one embodiment, during the sequential expansion process from the inside to the outside of the multi-turn shape memory alloy ring 35, multiple independent sealing cavities are formed between any set of second annular grooves 3331 and shape memory alloy rings 35. Thus, when external pressure fluctuations are introduced, the multiple sealing cavities can achieve a segmented damping buffering effect.

[0210] In one embodiment, the multi-turn shape memory alloy rings 35 are distributed at different radii, each with different temperatures, heating rates, and heat dissipation conditions. When stacked, they can create temperature gradients, deformation gradients during expansion, and multi-level support gradients among the multi-turn shape memory alloy rings 35. This avoids the accumulation of heat, deformation, and stress.

[0211] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, for any two adjacent second annular grooves 3331, the shape memory alloy ring 35 with a larger radius has a higher austenitic phase transformation temperature; for the shape memory alloy ring 35 and the second shape memory alloy spring 38 in the same second annular groove 3331, the shape memory alloy ring 35 and the second shape memory alloy spring 38 are made of the same material.

[0212] Thus, the smaller the radius of the shape memory alloy ring 35 in the second annular groove 3331, the lower the austenitic phase transformation temperature. When the ambient temperature gradually increases, the shape memory alloy ring 35 in the second annular groove 3331 with the smaller radius recovers its shape first. For the concentric circular structure formed by multiple second annular grooves 3331, the stress can be transferred from the inside to the outside in the process of the concentric circular structure recovering its circular shape from the inside to the outside, avoiding stress accumulation in a local area. In the process of the concentric circular structure recovering its circular shape from the inside to the outside, the stress is easily applied in multiple levels from the inside to the outside, which makes it easier to expand the second plug 33 outward, thus improving the sealing effect of the second plug 33.

[0213] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: an elastic mesh 391; the elastic mesh 391 covers and is fixed on the lower end face 333; the elastic mesh 391 has a plurality of mesh holes 3911, and each second annular groove 3331 is respectively connected to at least one mesh hole 3911. Thus, the elastic mesh 391 can trap the shape memory alloy ring 35 and the second shape memory alloy spring 38 within the second annular groove 3331, preventing the shape memory alloy ring 35 and the second shape memory alloy spring 38 from detaching from the second annular groove 3331; the shape memory alloy ring 35 and / or the second shape memory alloy spring 38 are disposed within the second annular groove 3331, allowing fluid at the surgical site to enter the second annular groove 3331 through the mesh holes 3911, and allowing the fluid within the second annular groove 3331 to contact the shape memory alloy ring 35 and / or the second shape memory alloy spring 38.

[0214] In one embodiment, a third anti-slip texture is provided on the surface of the first heat-conducting region 361. Thus, the third anti-slip texture can reduce displacement of the first heat-conducting region 361 within the second annular groove 3331.

[0215] In one embodiment, the seal 3 is a one-piece silicone component. Thus, the seal 3 exhibits good flexibility and sealing performance.

[0216] In addition, since the seal 3 is a one-piece structure, there are no segments or seams in the entire seal 3, which eliminates the risk of dimensional errors and loose interfaces caused by the assembly of multiple parts.

[0217] In addition, silicone material itself has excellent elasticity and resilience. The one-piece seal 3 made of silicone can deform to adapt to pressure changes and quickly return to its original shape after the external force is removed. This high elasticity cyclic response characteristic effectively avoids fatigue cracks and permanent deformation caused by traditional rigid or segmented seals 3 during repeated opening and closing, and greatly extends the repeated service life of the seal 3.

[0218] In addition, silicone materials have excellent biocompatibility and chemical stability, can withstand routine disinfection and sterilization processes, and maintain stable physical properties in various clinical environments such as high temperature and high pressure disinfection, chemical reagent cleaning or ultraviolet exposure.

[0219] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a first positioning component 41; the first positioning component 41 includes: a first limiting block 411, a second limiting block 412, and a first connecting mechanism L1; the first limiting block 411 has a first groove 4112; the second limiting block 412 has a second groove 4122; the first limiting block 411 is detachably connected to the second limiting block 412 through the first connecting mechanism L1, and the inner walls of the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 close together to form a first tube hole through which the first tube body 1 passes. Thus, the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 can clamp the first tube body 1 after they are closed.

[0220] In one embodiment, a positioning frame 91 for assisting catheter positioning is also included. In one embodiment, the positioning frame 91 is a surgical head frame or a stereotactic head frame.

[0221] In addition, the positioning frame 91 forms a first tube hole by closing the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 under the action of the first connecting mechanism L1. This allows the positioning frame 91 to firmly fix the first tube 1 in a predetermined position during the operation. Even if pressure fluctuations occur during instrument aspiration or injection, the first tube 1 will not move or deflect unexpectedly in the radial or axial direction, thereby maximizing the stability of the first tube 1's position and ensuring the precise alignment of the operation channel 13, the first observation channel 14, and the injection channel 15 within the cranium.

[0222] In addition, after the inner walls of the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 are closed, they provide a 360-degree wrap-around clamping of the first tube 1. This annular closed structure can generate uniform frictional pressure between the first tube 1 and the first positioning component 41. This uniform clamping can not only withstand axial tension and lateral thrust, but also disperse the stress acting on the outer surface of the first tube 1, effectively reducing the potential damage to surrounding tissues caused by micro-vibration or chronic displacement of the first tube 1 during long-term insertion.

[0223] In addition, the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 are detachably connected through the first connecting mechanism L1. Medical personnel can flexibly switch between assembling or separating the first positioning component 41 and the first tube 1 according to the surgical procedure: after the first tube 1 is correctly positioned, the first positioning component 41 is locked through the first connecting mechanism L1, and then the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 are closed to form the first tube hole; when the first tube 1 is removed or its position is adjusted, the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 can be quickly opened by simply releasing the first connecting mechanism L1, and the first tube 1 can be released without additional disassembly of the catheter body, which greatly simplifies the operation of surgical instruments and saves surgical time.

[0224] In one embodiment, the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 are joined together by the positioning frame 91.

[0225] In one embodiment, the first connecting mechanism L1 includes a first positioning protrusion 4111 and a first positioning recess 4121. The first positioning protrusion 4111 is disposed on the first limiting block 411, and the first positioning recess 4121 is disposed on the second limiting block 412. When the first limiting block 411 is closed onto the second limiting block 412, the first positioning protrusion 4111 is inserted into the first positioning recess 4121. Thus, the insertion of the first positioning protrusion 4111 into the first positioning recess 4121 can improve the stability between the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412.

[0226] In addition, the insertion and cooperation of the first positioning protrusion 4111 and the first positioning recess 4121 realizes the self-alignment function; during the closing process, the first positioning protrusion 4111 automatically enters the first positioning recess 4121 through its shape guidance, ensuring that the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 are aligned, and there will be no tilting or deflection, thereby ensuring that the first tube hole formed by the symmetrical closure of the inner walls of the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 after closing cooperates with the first tube body 1.

[0227] In addition, the first positioning protrusion 4111 and the first positioning recess 4121 can mutually position and constrain each other by forming an interface fitting and cooperation.

[0228] In one embodiment, when the first limiting block 411 closes onto the second limiting block 412, the inner wall of the first groove 4112 and the inner wall of the second groove 4122 clamp the first tube 1. In this way, the clamping of the first tube 1 by the inner walls of the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 can maintain the stability of the position of the first tube 1.

[0229] In addition, the clamping force applied to the circumferential direction of the first tube body 1 by the inner wall of the first groove 4112 and the inner wall of the second groove 4122 can provide stable radial support and fixation for the first tube body 1 without damaging the outer surface of the first tube body 1.

[0230] In addition, the annular clamping method between the inner wall of the first groove 4112 and the second groove 4122 avoids the stress concentration problem that may occur in traditional single-point or multi-point clamping methods.

[0231] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a second positioning component 42; the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42 are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first tube body 1; the second positioning component 42 includes: a third limiting block 421, a fourth limiting block 422, and a second connecting mechanism L2; the third limiting block 421 has a third groove 4212; the fourth limiting block 422 has a fourth groove 4222; the third limiting block 421 is detachably connected to the fourth limiting block 422 through the second connecting mechanism L2, and the inner walls of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 close together to form a second tube hole through which the first tube body 1 passes. Thus, the first tube body 1 can be clamped after the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 are closed; the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42 are spaced apart, and the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42 can cooperate with the first tube body 1 at different positions.

[0232] In addition, the positioning frame 91, through the second tube hole formed by the closing of the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 under the action of the second connecting mechanism L2, can firmly fix the first tube 1 in the predetermined position during the operation. Even if pressure fluctuations occur during instrument aspiration or injection, the first tube 1 will not move or deflect unexpectedly in the radial or axial direction, thereby maximizing the stability of the first tube 1's position and ensuring the precise alignment of the operation channel 13, the first observation channel 14, and the injection channel 15 in the cranium.

[0233] In addition, after the inner walls of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 are closed, they provide a 360-degree wrap-around clamping of the first tube 1. This annular closed structure can generate uniform frictional pressure between the first tube 1 and the second positioning component 42. This uniform clamping can not only withstand axial tension and lateral thrust, but also disperse the stress acting on the outer surface of the first tube 1, effectively reducing the potential damage to surrounding tissues caused by micro-vibration or chronic displacement of the first tube 1 during long-term insertion.

[0234] In addition, the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 are detachably connected through the second connecting mechanism L2. Medical personnel can flexibly switch between assembling or separating the second positioning component 42 and the first tube 1 according to the surgical procedure: after the first tube 1 is correctly positioned, the second positioning component 42 is locked through the second connecting mechanism L2, and then the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 are closed to form the second tube hole; when the first tube 1 is removed or its position is adjusted, the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 can be quickly opened by simply releasing the second connecting mechanism L2, and the first tube 1 can be released without additional disassembly of the catheter body, which greatly simplifies the operation of surgical instruments and saves surgical time.

[0235] In one embodiment, the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 are joined together by the positioning frame 91.

[0236] In one embodiment, the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42 respectively cooperate with the positioning frame 91. The positioning frame 91 clamps the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 to fix the first tube body 1, and the positioning frame 91 clamps the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 to fix the first tube body 1.

[0237] In one embodiment, the second connecting mechanism L2 includes a second positioning protrusion 4211 and a second positioning recess 4221. The second positioning protrusion 4211 is disposed on the third limiting block 421, and the second positioning recess 4221 is disposed on the fourth limiting block 422. When the third limiting block 421 is closed on the fourth limiting block 422, the second positioning protrusion 4211 is inserted into the second positioning recess 4221. Thus, the insertion of the second positioning protrusion 4211 into the second positioning recess 4221 can improve the stability between the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422.

[0238] In addition, the insertion and cooperation of the second positioning protrusion 4211 and the second positioning recess 4221 realizes the self-alignment function; during the closing process, the second positioning protrusion 4211 automatically enters the second positioning recess 4221 through its shape guidance, ensuring that the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 are aligned, and there will be no tilting or deflection, thereby ensuring that the second tube hole formed by the symmetrical closure of the inner walls of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 after closing cooperates with the first tube body 1.

[0239] In addition, the second positioning protrusion 4211 and the second positioning recess 4221 can mutually position and constrain each other by forming an interface fitting and cooperation.

[0240] In one embodiment, when the third limiting block 421 closes onto the fourth limiting block 422, the inner walls of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 clamp the first tube 1. In this way, the clamping of the first tube 1 by the inner walls of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 can maintain the stability of the position of the first tube 1.

[0241] In addition, the clamping force applied to the first tube 1 in the circumferential direction by the inner wall of the third groove 4212 and the inner wall of the fourth groove 4222 can provide stable radial support and fixation for the first tube 1 without damaging the outer surface of the first tube 1.

[0242] In addition, the annular clamping method between the inner wall of the third groove 4212 and the fourth groove 4222 avoids the stress concentration problem that may occur in traditional single-point or multi-point clamping methods.

[0243] Further, please refer to Figures 1 to 30 As a specific embodiment of the intracranial catheter provided by the present invention, it further includes: a C-shaped post 981, a lens 982, and a sealing sleeve 983; the lens 982 has a wire harness 9821; the C-shaped post 981 is inserted into the first observation channel 14; the cross-section of the C-shaped post 981 is C-shaped; the lens 982 is fitted into the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped post 981; the wire harness 9821 extends out from the first observation port 22, and the sealing sleeve 983 seals the gap between the inner wall of the first observation port 22 and the wire harness 9821. Thus, the lens 982 can be positioned within the first observation channel 14 by the C-shaped post 981; the sealing sleeve 983 can prevent external moisture from entering the first observation channel 14 and contaminating the lens 982.

[0244] In one embodiment, lens 982 is a camera.

[0245] Please see Figures 1 to 30The present invention also provides a catheter assembly comprising: a second tube body 6, a second connector 7, a second light-transmitting element 82, and a catheter for intracranial use; the outer diameter of the second tube body 6 is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube body 1; the two ends of the second tube body 6 are a third end 61 and a fourth end 62, respectively; the second tube body 6 has a second observation channel 63; the second observation channel 63 extends from the third end 61 to the fourth end 62; the second connector 7 is fixed on the third end 61; the second connector 7 has a second observation port 71; the second observation port 71 communicates with the second observation channel 63; the second light-transmitting element 82 blocks the second observation channel 63 through the fourth end 62; the second light-transmitting element 82 has an arc surface, which is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second tube body 6; the arc surface protrudes in a direction away from the second tube body 6. Thus, the fourth end 62 of the second tube 6 has a second light-transmitting element 82, allowing the user to insert the second tube 6 into the lesion area according to the preoperative image positioning coordinates. During the process of the second tube 6 reaching the lesion area, it can expand the surrounding tissue, making it easier for the first tube 1 to be inserted into the lesion area after the second tube 6 is withdrawn. The endoscope 92 can enter the second observation channel 63, and the endoscope 92 can observe the surrounding tissue as the second tube 6 approaches the lesion area through the second light-transmitting element 82, ensuring accurate access to the lesion area. The second light-transmitting element 82 has an arc surface, which is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second tube 6, making it easy for external tissues to slide along the arc surface to the outside of the second tube 6.

[0246] In one embodiment, the second light-transmitting element 82 is bonded and fixed to the fourth end 62. This improves the stability of the second light-transmitting element 82.

[0247] In addition, by using an adhesive bonding method to form a durable and uniform adhesive layer between the second light-transmitting element 82 and the fourth end 62 of the second tube body 6, the slight gap caused by the self-positioning structural tolerance is eliminated, further improving the optical sealing and structural integrity of the end of the second observation channel 63.

[0248] In addition, the adhesive fixing method can form an adhesive layer with a certain thickness and elasticity between the second light-transmitting element 82 and the second tube 6. This layer performs well in absorbing and dispersing the small stress concentrations caused by external vibration, impact load or hydraulic fluctuations. It can prevent the interface between the positioning post 811 and the positioning cavity 121 from loosening or fatigue damage under high-intensity vibration or cyclic load, thereby extending the service life of the self-positioning structure and the entire second observation unit.

[0249] In addition, by bonding and fixing, a continuous and sealed joint surface can be achieved between the second light-transmitting element 82 and the second tube body 6, effectively blocking the cross-border penetration of microorganisms, dust or body fluids from the outside world into the second observation channel 63, ensuring the sterility and transparency of the imaging environment during the operation.

[0250] In one embodiment, the device further includes a first boss 72 and a second boss 73; the first boss 72 and the second boss 73 are respectively fixed to the second connector 7; the second connector 7 is located between the first boss 72 and the second boss 73. This allows the user to grip or move the second tube 6 using the first boss 72 and the second boss 73.

[0251] In one embodiment, see Figure 31 The first tube 1 has only a single operating channel 13, and the first tube 1 can be used in conjunction with the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42.

[0252] In one embodiment, see Figure 32 The first tube 1 can be mounted on the angle-adjustable headgear 99 for angle adjustment. This facilitates angle adjustment of the first tube 1.

[0253] In one embodiment, the first tube 1 has a first scale. This allows the user to determine the depth to which the first tube 1 is inserted into the affected area based on the first scale.

[0254] In one embodiment, the second tube 6 has a second scale. This allows the user to determine the depth to which the second tube 6 is inserted into the affected area based on the second scale.

[0255] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the first tube 1 is any one of the parameters 6.5±0.2mm, 7.0±0.2mm, 8.5±0.2mm, 3.0±0.2mm, and 5.0±0.2mm.

[0256] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the second tube 6 is any one of the parameters 6.5±0.2mm, 7.0±0.2mm, 8.5±0.2mm, 3.0±0.2mm, and 5.0±0.2mm.

[0257] In one embodiment, the catheter with multiple channels uses the following diameters: 6.5±0.2mm, 7.0±0.2mm, and 8.5±0.2mm.

[0258] In one embodiment, the catheter with a single channel uses a diameter of 3.0±0.2 mm or 5.0±0.2 mm.

[0259] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the first tube 1 is 6.5 mm.

[0260] In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the second tube 6 is 6.5 mm.

[0261] In one embodiment, both the second light-transmitting element 82 and the second tube 6 are made of PC material.

[0262] In one embodiment, the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 are made of ABS material.

[0263] ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) material itself possesses both high mechanical strength and good toughness, enabling it to withstand repeated bending, torsion, and forceful insertion and withdrawal during surgical procedures in complex intracranial environments without cracking or breaking. This characteristic ensures that the cyclic impact loads borne by the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 when the instrument enters or exits the operating channel 13, observation channel, or injection channel 15 can be effectively absorbed, and the connectors can quickly return to their original shape after the external force is removed. This avoids the sealing failure and loosening of connections caused by fatigue damage after repeated use of traditional rigid plastic parts. ABS catheters can be used once or multiple times.

[0264] In addition, ABS material has excellent dimensional stability and creep resistance. After undergoing various clinical disinfection processes such as high temperature and high pressure sterilization, chemical disinfection, or long-term immersion in body fluids, the geometric dimensions of the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 remain almost unchanged, thus maintaining the precise fit tolerance with the first tube 1 and the second tube 6. It also ensures that the working port 21, the first observation port 22, and the injection port 23 can still maintain a tight seal when switching operations during surgery, preventing abnormal leakage of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid, blood, or injection media, or air intrusion.

[0265] In addition, the excellent molding properties of ABS material enable the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 to complete complex three-dimensional geometric structures through a one-time injection molding process, including various internal and external channels, slots 241, protrusions 311, sealing interfaces and control protrusions and other fine features, ensuring the consistency and high yield of mass production, while reducing assembly errors that may occur in secondary processing and assembly, effectively reducing production costs and improving the manufacturability of the device.

[0266] In addition, ABS material possesses excellent chemical stability and corrosion resistance, allowing it to withstand prolonged contact with commonly used medical disinfectants (such as ethylene oxide, alcohols, or peroxides), physiological saline, and blood components, while maintaining its material properties under varying acidic and alkaline conditions. This characteristic is particularly important because intraoperative observation, aspiration, or injection inevitably exposes the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 to various media. Using ABS material effectively prevents material degradation, hardening, or aging, thereby extending the lifespan of the device and improving patient safety.

[0267] In addition, ABS material has good resistance to ultraviolet radiation and high temperature environment, and can withstand the ultraviolet irradiation or high temperature steam sterilization process commonly used in hospitals. This ensures that the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 maintain their original mechanical properties and surface morphology after sterilization, without cracking, deformation or peeling of attachments, thus meeting the strict quality management requirements of medical devices.

[0268] In addition, due to the good colorability and drug-preparation properties of ABS material, the first connector 2 and the second connector 7 can be batch colored or functionally coated with medical-grade color masterbatch or drug-releasing composite material before leaving the factory, according to different surgical needs. This allows for further visualization and quantitative control of intraoperative fluid flow direction, channel identification, or local drug release without changing the connector structure.

[0269] In one embodiment, such as Figure 25 As shown, the second tube body 6 is composed of the following components: the second connector 7 is fixed to the third end 61 of the second tube body 6, and the second light-transmitting element 82 is fixed to the fourth end 62 of the second tube body 6 (the second light-transmitting element 82 is waterproof: to prevent liquid from entering the inner hole of the second tube body 6 and affecting the visual effect of the endoscope).

[0270] Function of the second tube body 6 component + USB endoscope 92: The second tube body 6 has a diameter of only 6.5mm, so the 7mm craniotomy opening is effective for minimally invasive surgery. The addition of the USB endoscope 92 to the second tube body 6 can slightly expand the brain tissue under visualization, locate the lesion under visualization, and form a channel.

[0271] like Figures 4 to 12 As shown, the first connector 2 is fixed to the first tube body 1. The first connector 2 has a three-way structure, and the working channel and the suction channel (i.e., the operation channel 13) of the first connector 2 are the same channel. A second plug 33 is provided. When a surgical instrument needs to be inserted, the second plug 33 is pulled out from the insertion hole 312, and the surgical instrument can pass through the insertion hole 312. When suction is required, the second plug 33 is used to block the insertion hole 312, and negative pressure suction is performed through the suction channel 51. During negative pressure operation, the second plug 33 is sucked tighter and tighter against the insertion hole 312, thereby achieving a good sealing effect.

[0272] The first light-transmitting element 81 has a first hole 812 and a second hole 813; the injection port 23 of the first connector 2, the injection channel 15 of the first tube 1, and the second hole 813 of the first light-transmitting element 81 are connected to form a channel. The first connector 2 is connected to an external injection device or injection pump for injection flushing. The liquid in the injection pump is injected into the lesion area through the injection port 23, the injection channel 15, and the second hole 813 in sequence. The suction channel 51 of the suction connector 5, the operation channel 13 of the first tube body 1, and the first hole 812 of the first light-transmitting element 81 are connected. One end of the suction connector 5 is fixedly connected to the first connector 2, and the other end of the suction connector 5 is connected to the suction device (negative pressure suction). The suction connector 5 has an elongated air inlet 52, which is connected to the suction channel 51. The operator can control the air intake of the air inlet 52 by blocking its size with their finger, thereby controlling the suction force of the suction device on the suction channel 51. That is, the operator controls the flow rate of liquid drawn from the suction channel 51 by controlling the air intake of the air inlet 52. The operation channel 13 can also be simultaneously connected to a visual electrocoagulation forceps 93 or a bipolar electrocoagulation forceps for electrocoagulation hemostasis. The operation channel 13 can also be used to retrieve foreign objects or surgical instruments such as scissors through an intracranial retrieval basket.

[0273] The functions of the first positioning component 41 and the second positioning component 42 are as follows: the combined middle hole diameter of the first limiting block 411 and the second limiting block 412 is 6.5mm (the first tube 1 and / or the second tube 6 have the same specifications), and the combined middle hole diameter of the third limiting block 421 and the fourth limiting block 422 is 6.5mm (the first tube 1 and / or the second tube 6 have the same specifications), so that the first tube 1 (or the second tube 6) can be fixed on the positioning frame 91 by the first positioning component 41 (or the second positioning component 42) to perform operations, accurately reach the lesion and perform operations accurately.

[0274] The functions of the second tube assembly 6, the second positioning assembly 42, the first positioning assembly 41, the USB endoscope 92, and the bipolar electrocoagulation forceps are as follows: The first tube 1 and the second tube 6 have a diameter of only 6.5mm, resulting in a 7mm craniotomy opening for minimally invasive surgery. The second tube 6 is inserted into the USB endoscope 92 for visualization to locate the lesion. It is then replaced with the first tube 1, and the endoscope 92 is inserted for visualized surgical procedures. Depending on the surgical needs, fluid is injected for irrigation, and electrocoagulation forceps / hooks / scissors are used for surgical operations, or external aspiration devices are used for aspiration. In one embodiment, a surgical robot is used for procedures such as tube placement, further improving surgical precision and efficiency.

[0275] In one embodiment, the method of using intracranial catheters during surgery can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 33The surgical procedure is as follows: [1] Three-dimensional reconstruction (CT or MRI); [2] Planning the puncture path and determining the coordinates of the lesion; [3] After anesthesia, use stereotactic or surgical head frame for fixation. According to the needs of the surgery, make a small incision (1-3cm) in the scalp and use a cranial drill to drill a small hole (7mm in diameter) at the planned position; [4] Insert the second tube 6, add the USB endoscope 92, reach the lesion site under visualization and fix the tube; [5] Replace with the first tube 1 and fix it; [6] Insert the endoscope 92 to perform visual surgical operations. According to the needs of the surgery, inject fluid for irrigation and use electrocoagulation forceps / hooks / scissors to perform surgical operations or use external aspiration equipment to perform aspiration operations; [7] Close the cranial foramen and close the incision.

[0276] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catheter for intracranial use, characterized in that, include: First tube body (1), first connector (2), seal (3) and suction connector (5); The first tube (1) has a first end (11) and a second end (12) at its two ends, respectively; the first tube (1) has an operating channel (13); the operating channel (13) extends from the first end (11) to the second end (12); The first connector (2) is fixed on the first end (11); the first connector (2) has a working port (21); the working port (21) is connected to the operating channel (13) of the first end (11); the sealing element (3) detachably seals the working port (21); the suction connector (5) is disposed on the first connector (2); the suction connector (5) has a suction channel (51); the suction channel (51) is connected to the operating channel (13); The suction connector (5) has an air inlet (52); the air inlet (52) is connected to the suction channel (51); The inner wall of the suction channel (51) has a spiral groove (511) extending spirally along the suction channel (51); in the extending direction of the suction channel (51), the air inlet (52) communicates with the bottom of the spiral groove (511) at multiple points. It also includes: an optical waveguide (96), a variable layer (97), a light source, and a light receiver; the inner wall of the suction channel (51) has a receiving groove (512) extending along the suction channel (51); in the suction direction of the suction channel (51), the receiving groove (512) is located downstream of the spiral groove (511), and the spiral groove (511) communicates with the receiving groove (512); the optical waveguide (96) is disposed in the receiving groove (512), and the optical waveguide (96) extends along the receiving groove (512); the optical waveguide (96) includes Includes: a core layer (961) and a cladding layer (962); the cladding layer (962) wraps around the outside of the core layer (961), and the variable layer (97) wraps around the outside of the cladding layer (962); the refractive index of the variable layer (97) can change with temperature; the light beam emitted by the light source enters from one end of the optical waveguide (96) and exits from the other end of the optical waveguide (96) to the optical receiver; some evanescent waves in the optical waveguide (96) can penetrate into the variable layer (97); the light source and the optical receiver are respectively connected to the suction connector (5); The sealing element (3) includes: a first plug (31), a flexible rod (32), and a second plug (33); the first plug (31) is connected to the second plug (33) through the flexible rod (32); the first plug (31) blocks the working port (21); the first plug (31) has an insertion hole (312) for external tools to enter; the insertion hole (312) communicates with the working port (21); the second plug (33) can be inserted into and block the insertion hole (312). It also includes: an elastic ring (34); the two end faces of the second plug (33) are an upper end face (332) and a lower end face (333); a first annular groove (3321) is provided on the upper end face (332), the first annular groove (3321) is connected to the external space; the first annular groove (3321) is coaxially arranged with the second plug (33); the elastic ring (34) is filled in the first annular groove (3321); It also includes: a first memory alloy spring (37); a plurality of first memory alloy springs (37) are inserted in the first annular groove (3321), and the elastic ring (34) is located between the bottom wall of the first annular groove (3321) and the plurality of first memory alloy springs (37); each of the first memory alloy springs (37) is respectively clamped between the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove (3321); the plurality of first memory alloy springs (37) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the first annular groove (3321); when the ambient temperature of the first memory alloy spring (37) is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the first memory alloy spring (37) can be freely bent and deformed; when the ambient temperature of the first memory alloy spring (37) is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the first memory alloy spring (37) returns to its initial shape, and the first memory alloy spring (37) generates an expansion force in opposite directions on the two inner sidewalls of the first annular groove (3321).

2. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First light-transmitting element (81); The first tube (1) has a first observation channel (14) and an injection channel (15); the first observation channel (14) and the injection channel (15) extend from the first end (11) to the second end (12), respectively. The first connector (2) has a first observation port (22) and an injection port (23). The first observation port (22) is connected to the first observation channel (14) of the first end (11), and the injection port (23) is connected to the injection channel (15) of the first end (11). The first light-transmitting element (81) blocks the first observation channel (14) of the second end (12).

3. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the air inlet (52) is elongated.

4. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the suction direction of the suction channel (51), the width of the elongated air inlet (52) gradually decreases or increases.

5. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensitive layer (97) is a gel layer.

6. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A grating; the grating is located on the beam path propagating along the optical waveguide (96).

7. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (52) is provided with a one-way valve (53) for controlling the airflow to flow unidirectionally into the suction channel (51).

8. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The one-way valve (53) is a one-way valve.

9. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The one-way valve includes: an annular body (531), a valve body (532), and an elastic pre-tightening member (533); the outer wall of the annular body (531) is fixed on the inner wall of the air inlet (52), and a through hole (5312) is provided in the center of the annular body (531) to connect the air inlet (52) and the suction channel (51); one end face of the annular body (531) is a sealing surface (5311) for fitting and sealing with the valve body (532), and the valve body (532) is rotatably connected to the annular body (531) through a rotating shaft (534); the elastic pre-tightening member (533) connects the valve body (532) and the annular body (531), and the elastic pre-tightening member (533) pulls the valve body (532) against the sealing surface (5311) and closes the through hole (5312).

10. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first plug (31) is U-shaped; the surface of the first connector (2) has a positioning groove (24) extending along the U-shaped path; the first plug (31) is filled in the positioning groove (24); the working port (21) is connected to the bottom of the positioning groove (24).

11. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The austenitic phase transformation temperature of each of the first memory alloy springs (37) is the same.

12. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first memory alloy spring (37) is a columnar spring, and the first memory alloy spring (37) extends along the axial direction of the first annular groove (3321).

13. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic ring (34) is a spring coil.

14. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The number of the first annular groove (3321) and the number of the spring coils are multiple; the multiple first annular grooves (3321) and the multiple spring coils correspond one-to-one; the multiple first annular grooves (3321) are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple first annular grooves (3321) increase sequentially.

15. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A shape memory alloy ring (35); a second annular groove (3331) is provided on the lower end face (333), and the second annular groove (3331) is connected to the operating channel (13); the second annular groove (3331) is coaxially arranged with the second plug (33); the shape memory alloy ring (35) is filled in the second annular groove (3331); when the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring (35) is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the shape memory alloy ring (35) can be freely bent and deformed; when the external force is removed and the ambient temperature of the shape memory alloy ring (35) is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the shape memory alloy ring (35) can recover into a ring shape.

16. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 15, characterized in that, Also includes: Thermal conductive layer (36); The heat-conducting layer (36) includes: a first heat-conducting region (361) and a second heat-conducting region (362); The first heat-conducting region (361) is laid on the inner wall of the second annular groove (3331); the first heat-conducting region (361) is sandwiched between the shape memory alloy ring (35) and one inner sidewall of the second annular groove (3331); the second heat-conducting region (362) is laid on the lower end face (333).

17. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that, Also includes: Second shape memory alloy spring (38); a plurality of second shape memory alloy springs (38) are inserted in the second annular groove (3331), and the shape memory alloy ring (35) is located between the bottom wall of the second annular groove (3331) and the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs (38); each second shape memory alloy spring (38) is respectively clamped between the first heat-conducting area (361) and another inner wall of the second annular groove (3331); the plurality of second shape memory alloy springs (38) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the second annular groove (3331); when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring (38) is lower than 30 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring (38) can bend and deform freely; when the ambient temperature of the second shape memory alloy spring (38) is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the second shape memory alloy spring (38) returns to its initial shape, and the second shape memory alloy spring (38) generates expansion forces in opposite directions on the first heat-conducting area (361) and the inner wall of the second annular groove (3331).

18. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The second memory alloy spring (38) is a columnar spring; the second memory alloy spring (38) extends along the axial direction of the second annular groove (3331).

19. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The number of the second annular groove (3331) and the memory alloy ring (35) are multiple; the multiple second annular grooves (3331) and the multiple memory alloy rings (35) correspond one-to-one; the multiple second annular grooves (3331) are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the multiple second annular grooves (3331) increase sequentially; multiple second memory alloy springs (38) are respectively arranged in each second annular groove (3331).

20. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that, For any two adjacent second annular grooves (3331) containing the shape memory alloy rings (35), the shape memory alloy ring (35) with the larger radius has a higher austenitic phase transformation temperature; for the shape memory alloy rings (35) and the second shape memory alloy springs (38) in the same second annular groove (3331), the shape memory alloy rings (35) and the second shape memory alloy springs (38) are made of the same material.

21. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 20, characterized in that, Also includes: Elastic mesh (391); the elastic mesh (391) covers and is fixed on the lower end face (333); the elastic mesh (391) has a plurality of mesh holes (3911), and each of the second annular grooves (3331) is connected to at least one of the mesh holes (3911).

22. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: First positioning component (41); the first positioning component (41) includes: a first limiting block (411), a second limiting block (412) and a first connecting mechanism (L1); the first limiting block (411) has a first groove (4112); the second limiting block (412) has a second groove (4122); the first limiting block (411) is detachably connected to the second limiting block (412) through the first connecting mechanism (L1), and the inner wall of the first groove (4112) and the inner wall of the second groove (4122) are joined to form a first pipe hole through which the first tube body (1) passes.

23. The intracranial catheter as described in claim 22, characterized in that, Also includes: Second positioning component (42); the first positioning component (41) and the second positioning component (42) are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first tube body (1); The second positioning component (42) includes: a third limiting block (421), a fourth limiting block (422), and a second connecting mechanism (L2); the third limiting block (421) has a third groove (4212); the fourth limiting block (422) has a fourth groove (4222); the third limiting block (421) is detachably connected to the fourth limiting block (422) through the second connecting mechanism (L2), and the inner wall of the third groove (4212) and the inner wall of the fourth groove (4222) are joined to form a second pipe hole through which the first tube (1) passes.

24. The intracranial catheter as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The C-shaped post (981), lens (982), and sealing sleeve (983) are described. The lens (982) has a wire harness (9821). The C-shaped post (981) is inserted into the first observation channel (14). The cross-section of the C-shaped post (981) is C-shaped. The lens (982) is fitted into the C-shaped cavity of the C-shaped post (981). The wire harness (9821) passes through the first observation port (22). The sealing sleeve (983) seals the gap between the inner wall of the first observation port (22) and the wire harness (9821).

25. A catheter assembly, characterized in that, include: The second tube (6), the second connector (7), the second light-transmitting element (82), and the intracranial catheter as described in any one of claims 1 to 24; the outer diameter of the second tube (6) is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the first tube (1); The second tube (6) has a third end (61) and a fourth end (62) at its two ends, respectively; the second tube (6) has a second observation channel (63); the second observation channel (63) extends from the third end (61) to the fourth end (62); the second connector (7) is fixed on the third end (61); the second connector (7) has a second observation port (71); the second observation port (71) is connected to the second observation channel (63); the second light-transmitting element (82) blocks the second observation channel (63) through the fourth end (62); the second light-transmitting element (82) has an arc surface, which is smoothly connected to the outer surface of the second tube (6); the arc surface protrudes in a direction away from the second tube (6).

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