Machining device and machining method for shell with lateral mounting base

Abstract

The invention provides a machining device and method for a shell with a lateral mounting seat, the device comprises a milling tool and a turning and milling tool, the milling tool is used for machining the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for machining the inner wall of the shell; a first-dimensional four-station indexing limiting structure is arranged on the rotating contact face of the base and the rotating seat in the circumferential direction, and a second-dimensional double-station indexing limiting structure is arranged on the rotating contact section of the clamping structure and the rotating seat in the circumferential direction. The four quadrants of the shell are respectively milled, the milled shell can be clamped through the turning and milling tool, then turning and milling of an internal rotary body structure of the shell are completed, a plurality of milling procedures are integrated into one, errors caused by repeated clamping and positioning are avoided, the clamping and aligning time is saved, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the problems of poor consistency and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in the existing processing can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of precision machining, and particularly relates to a machining device and a machining method for a shell with a lateral mounting seat. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shell part with a lateral mounting seat is a common structure, and the lateral mounting seat and the main body of the shell are integrated to form the shell part. The shell part is commonly used in wind turbines, automobile transmission shaft mounting seats, industrial robot joint structures and the like. The main body of the shell is usually machined by turning, and the lateral mounting seat is machined by milling. The machining process is generally to mill the lateral mounting seat and holes, and then turn the main body of the shell. Due to the asymmetric structure, the turning of the main body of the shell is difficult to clamp. Since the two parts are machined by different machining methods, it is difficult to ensure the geometric size and the form and position tolerances between the main body of the shell and the lateral mounting seat.

[0003] The current machining method for the shell part with a lateral mounting seat has the following problems:

[0004] 1) The machining process is long, the machining efficiency is low, and batch production cannot be carried out;

[0005] 2) The irregular shape leads to low material utilization and high machining cost;

[0006] 3) The boring and milling process needs to be clamped for many times, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the machining quality consistency is poor.

[0007] Therefore, the application expects a machining device and a machining method for machining the shell with a lateral mounting seat, which can improve the machining precision and efficiency. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to overcome the technical problems of poor machining precision and efficiency of the shell with a lateral mounting seat in the prior art, the application provides a machining device and a machining method for the shell with a lateral mounting seat.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:

[0010] A machining device for a shell with a lateral mounting seat, comprising a milling tool and a turning and milling tool, the milling tool is used for machining the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for machining the inner wall of the shell.

[0011] The milling tool includes a first base, a rotating seat rotatably arranged on the first base, and a clamping structure rotatably arranged on the rotating seat, the rotating shaft of the rotating seat coincides with the axis of the base, the rotating shaft of the clamping structure forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotating seat, and the angle between the axis of the clamping end and the axis of the rotating end of the clamping structure is 125°; the rotating contact surface of the base and the rotating seat is provided with a first four-station indexing limiting structure along the circumference, and the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure and the rotating seat is provided with a second two-station indexing limiting structure along the circumference.

[0012] The turning and milling tool includes a second base and an arc-shaped limiting plate symmetrically arranged on the second base, and the arc-shaped limiting plate is provided with a locking structure for fixing the shell along the length.

[0013] Further, the first base and the rotating seat are rotatably connected in a sleeve-embedded manner, the first base is provided with a first fixing bolt, and the end of the first fixing bolt is connected with the rotating seat through a bearing;

[0014] The rotating seat and the clamping structure are rotatably connected in a sleeve-embedded manner, the rotating seat is provided with a second fixing bolt, and the end of the second fixing bolt is connected with the rotating end of the clamping structure through a bearing.

[0015] Further, the first four-station indexing limiting structure adopts a matched slot and pin locking structure, the first four-station indexing limiting structure includes four first partition groove bodies uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the base, one first partition groove body arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat, and a conical limiting pin.

[0016] The second two-station indexing limiting structure adopts a matched slot and pin locking structure, the second two-station indexing limiting structure includes two second partition groove bodies uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat, one second partition groove body arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure, and a bolt limiting pin.

[0017] Further, the clamping end of the clamping structure includes a cavity arranged in an L-shaped structure, a threaded portion of the cavity penetrating a section of the side wall of the clamping end is connected with a screw rod, a push rod is slidingly arranged in another section of the cavity, the screw rod and the bottom of the push rod abut against the inclined surface of the bending section of the cavity, the rod body of the push rod is provided with a tapered section, the area corresponding to the tapered section of the cavity is uniformly distributed with a plurality of pressing blocks, the pressing blocks penetrate the side wall of the cavity along the radial direction, and the pressing blocks are provided with a limiting abutting table matched with the structure of the tapered section, and the top of the push rod abuts against the top of the cavity through a spring.

[0018] Further, the top of the cavity is sleeved with an end cover, and the top of the push rod abuts against the end cover through a spring.

[0019] Further, the plurality of pressing blocks are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0020] Further, the locking structure comprises a stepped positioning pin and a bolt assembly, both sides of the arc-shaped limiting plate are provided with two through holes respectively, the through hole on one side is configured to insert the stepped positioning pin, and the through hole on the other side is configured to pass through the bolt assembly, and the through holes are matched with the through hole position and structure of the lateral mounting seat.

[0021] A processing method of a shell with a lateral mounting seat, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: rough machining the shape contour of the external structure of the shell and the shape of the inner hole of the rotary body on the bar material;

[0023] Step S2: sleeving the rough machined shell on the clamping end of the clamping structure, rotating the rotating seat, keeping the relative position of the rotating seat and the clamping structure unchanged, maintaining the shell in the first position in the second two-position indexing, and sequentially machining the shell in the first four-position indexing;

[0024] Step S3: rotating the clamping structure to make the shell in the second position in the second two-position indexing, rotating the rotating seat to sequentially machine the shell in the first four-position indexing;

[0025] Step S4: after the shell is machined in the first four-position indexing and the second two-position indexing, the outer wall milling of the shell is completed, the shell is separated from the clamping structure, the shell is installed to the turning and milling tooling through the locking structure, the inner wall of the shell is turned and milled, and the shell with a lateral mounting seat is processed.

[0026] Further, the second two-position indexing comprises two processing states, and the two processing states comprise that the shell axial direction is coincident with the axial direction of the base and that the shell axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the base.

[0027] The first four-position indexing comprises machining two processing states in four quadrants respectively.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0029] The application provides a processing device and method for a shell with a lateral mounting seat, the device comprises a milling tool and a turning and milling tool, the milling tool is used for processing the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for processing the inner wall of the shell; the rotating contact surface of the base and the rotating seat is provided with a first dimension four-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction, and the rotating contact section of the clamping structure and the rotating seat is provided with a second dimension double-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction, in use, vertical and horizontal clamping of the shell can be realized, milling processing is respectively carried out in the four quadrants of the shell, the clamping of the shell after milling processing can be realized through the turning and milling tool, and then the turning and milling of the internal rotary body structure of the shell is completed, the device integrates multiple milling processes into one, avoids errors caused by repeated clamping and positioning, saves the time for clamping and alignment, eliminates problems such as poor processing quality consistency caused by manual operation, and can avoid problems such as poor consistency and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A perspective structural schematic view of the milling tool of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A perspective structural sectional view of the milling tool of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A sectional view of the first posture of the milling tool of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A sectional view of the second posture of the milling tool of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 A perspective structural schematic view of the turning and milling tool of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] Figure 6 A top view of a shell with a lateral mounting seat of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0036] Figure 7 A sectional view of a shell with a lateral mounting seat of the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0037] In the figure, 1 is a first base, 11 is a first fixed bolt, 12 is a conical limiting pin, 2 is a rotating seat, 23 is a second fixed bolt, 3 is a clamping structure, 32 is a bolt limiting pin, 301 is an end cover, 302 is a spring, 303 is a push rod, 304 is a pressing block, 305 is a screw rod, 306 is a limiting abutting table, 4 is a second base, 40 is an arc-shaped limiting plate, and 5 is a stepped positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0039] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a processing device of a shell with a lateral mounting seat, which is mainly used to solve the problems of long processing procedure, high operation difficulty, low processing efficiency and poor product consistency of the existing processing method. The processing method in the embodiment replaces the traditional processing method of the shell part with a lateral mounting seat, greatly improves the processing efficiency and processing precision, and the consistency of the part processed by the method is good, and the product qualification rate reaches 100%.

[0040] The processing device in the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a milling tool and a turning and milling tool, the milling tool is used for processing the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for processing the inner wall of the shell.

[0041] Figure 1 And Figure 2 The milling tool in the embodiment of the present disclosure is respectively shown in a three-dimensional structural schematic view and a three-dimensional structural sectional view, as shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 The milling tool comprises a first base 1, a rotating seat 2 rotatably arranged on the first base 1, and a clamping structure 3 rotatably arranged on the rotating seat 2, the rotating shaft of the rotating seat 2 coincides with the axis of the base 1, the rotating shaft of the clamping structure 3 forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotating seat 2, and the angle between the axis of the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 and the axis of the rotating end is 125°, that is, the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 is a 45° inclined surface, when the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 rotate relative to each other, the axial direction of the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 and the axial direction of the rotating seat 2 form two states of perpendicular intersection and coincidence.

[0042] The rotating contact surface of the base 1 and the rotating seat 2 is provided with a first dimension four-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction, and the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 is provided with a second dimension two-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the contact surface of the base 1 and the rotating seat 2 is regarded as a first dimension cross section, and the contact surface of the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 is regarded as a second dimension cross section, the first dimension cross section is provided with a four-station indexing limiting structure, including 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°, and the second dimension cross section is provided with a two-station indexing limiting structure, including 0° and 180°. When the shell is milled, the shell can be switched in the four quadrants in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and does not need to be disassembled and repositioned.

[0043] The turning and milling tool comprises a second base 4 and an arc-shaped limiting plate 40 symmetrically arranged on the second base 4, the arc-shaped limiting plate 40 is provided with a locking structure, and the locking structure is used for fixing the shell in the length direction.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first base 1 and the rotating seat 2 are rotatably connected in a sleeved manner, the first base 1 is provided with a first fixing bolt 11 penetrating through the first base 1, and the end of the first fixing bolt 11 is connected with the rotating seat 2 through a bearing;

[0045] The rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 are rotatably connected in a sleeved manner, the rotating seat 2 is provided with a second fixing bolt 23 penetrating through the rotating seat 2, and the end of the second fixing bolt 23 is connected with the rotating end of the clamping structure 3 through a bearing.

[0046] Further, the first four-station indexing limiting structure adopts a structure of a matching slot and a locking pin, the first four-station indexing limiting structure includes four first partition groove bodies arranged uniformly along the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the base 1, one first partition groove body arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat 2, and a conical limiting pin 12.

[0047] The second two-station indexing limiting structure adopts a structure of a matching slot and a locking pin, the second two-station indexing limiting structure includes two second partition groove bodies arranged uniformly along the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat 2, one second partition groove body arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure 3, and a bolt limiting pin 32.

[0048] It should be noted that the structure and size of the first partition groove bodies arranged on the base 1 and the rotating seat 2 are the same, and when the first partition groove bodies are aligned, the structure and size of the groove formed are matched with the conical limiting pin 12; the structure and size of the second partition groove bodies arranged on the rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 are the same, and when the second partition groove bodies are aligned, the structure and size of the groove formed are matched with the bolt limiting pin 32.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 includes a cavity arranged in an L-shaped structure, a rotating rod 305 is threadedly connected to a section of the cavity penetrating through the side wall of the clamping end, a push rod 303 is slidingly arranged in another section of the cavity, the bottom of the rotating rod 305 and the push rod 303 abuts against the inclined surface of the bending section of the cavity, the rod body of the push rod 303 is provided with a tapered section, the region corresponding to the tapered section of the cavity is uniformly provided with a plurality of pressing blocks 304, the pressing blocks 304 penetrate through the side wall of the cavity along the radial direction, and the pressing blocks 304 are provided with a limiting abutting table 306 matched with the structure of the tapered section, and the top of the push rod 303 abuts against the top of the cavity through a spring 302. Specifically, an end cover 301 is sleeved on the top of the cavity, and the top of the push rod 303 abuts against the end cover 301 through the spring 302. Specifically, the plurality of pressing blocks 304 are arranged in a central symmetry.

[0050] It should be noted that in the process of rotating the rotating rod 305, the rotating rod 305 will approach or move away from the push rod 303. When approaching, because the contact surface of the rotating rod 305 and the push rod 303 is a slope, at this time, the push rod 303 is extruded to move in the direction of approaching the end cover 301, and the pressing block 304 located on the side of the tapered section of the push rod 303 will be pushed outwards, thereby abutting to the inner wall of the shell, forming uniform abutment to the inner wall of the shell. Generally, the side wall of the pressing block 304 close to the shell is an arc surface, which increases the contact area with the shell and prevents local pressure from being too large to cause deformation and other problems. The spring 302 is used to reset the push rod 303 when the rotating rod 304 moves away from the push rod 303.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking structure comprises a stepped positioning pin 5 and a bolt assembly, and the two sides of the arc-shaped limiting plate 40 are respectively provided with at least two through holes, and the through hole on one side is configured to insert the stepped positioning pin 5, and the through hole on the other side is configured to pass through the bolt assembly. The through hole is matched with the position and structure of the through hole of the lateral mounting seat.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 5 The three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the turning and milling tooling of the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, as Figure 5 As shown, the turning and milling tooling comprises a second base 4, which is a circular truncated cone structure, comprising a small end for connecting a lathe and a large end symmetrically provided with two arc-shaped limiting plates 40, the two arc-shaped limiting plates 40 are spaced apart, and the structure of the circular cavity formed near the side thereof is matched with the cylindrical structure of the shell, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The top view and the sectional view of the shell with a lateral mounting seat of the embodiment of the present disclosure are shown respectively, and the two sides of the lateral mounting seat are provided with two through holes. When fixing the shell, first, the stepped positioning pin 5 is abutted in the through hole on one side of the lateral mounting seat according to the preset advancing length, and when the shell and the second base 4 are located at the preset relative position, the bolt assembly is passed through the through hole on the other side of the lateral mounting seat, so as to fix the shell on the turning and milling tooling.

[0053] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a processing method of a shell with a lateral mounting seat, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S1: Roughly machine the outer contour of the shell's external structure and the inner bore of the rotating body onto the bar stock. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bar stock selected is capable of machining two shells with side mounting bases in one operation. Two rough-machined shells can be obtained through a single roughing operation, saving time on material change and clamping. Furthermore, compared to individual milling where the toolpath overlaps, milling two shells at once only requires one pass, saving some toolpath time. For example, when machining a shell with a side mounting base made of 7A09 aluminum alloy with maximum dimensions of 76×54.5×99.8 mm, a φ140×92 bar stock is selected, allowing two rough-machined shells to be machined simultaneously from a single bar stock.

[0055] Step S2: Place the rough-machined shell onto the clamping end of the clamping structure 3, rotate the rotating seat 2, keep the relative position of the rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 unchanged, keep the shell in the first station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, so that the shell is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0056] Step S3: Rotate the clamping structure 3 so that the housing is in the second station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, and rotate the rotating seat 2 so that the housing is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0057] Step S4: After the housing is processed by the first-dimensional four-station indexing and the second-dimensional two-station indexing, the outer wall of the housing is milled. The housing is then separated from the clamping structure 3 and installed onto the milling and turning fixture by the locking structure. The inner wall of the housing is then milled to complete the machining of the housing with the side mounting seat.

[0058] Specifically, the second-dimensional dual-station indexing includes two processing postures. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Cross-sectional views of a first posture and a second posture of the milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown respectively. The two machining postures include the housing axis coinciding with the axis of the base 1, and the housing axis perpendicular to the axis of the base 1.

[0059] The first dimension four-station indexing includes processing two processing states in four quadrants respectively.

[0060] For example, in the first orientation, rotating the rotary seat 2 allows the housing to be finished sequentially in four quadrants. Then, switching to the second orientation, rotating the rotary seat 2 again allows the housing to be finished in the four quadrants, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the machining process. This eliminates problems such as poor machining quality consistency caused by human operation and avoids the inconsistencies and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in existing machining processes.

Claims

1. A processing apparatus of a housing with lateral mounts, characterized in that, The milling tool is used for machining the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for machining the inner wall of the shell; The milling tool comprises a first base (1), a rotating seat (2) rotatably arranged on the first base (1), and a clamping structure (3) rotatably arranged on the rotating seat (2); the rotating shaft of the rotating seat (2) coincides with the axis of the base (1); the rotating shaft of the clamping structure (3) forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotating seat (2); the angle between the axis of the clamping end of the clamping structure (3) and the axis of the rotating end is 125°; the rotating contact surface of the base (1) and the rotating seat (2) is provided with a first four-station indexing limiting structure along the circumference; the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure (3) and the rotating seat (2) is provided with a second two-station indexing limiting structure along the circumference; The turning and milling tool comprises a second base (4) and arc-shaped limiting plates (40) symmetrically arranged on the second base (4); the arc-shaped limiting plates (40) are provided with locking structures for fixing the shell along the length direction.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first base (1) and the rotating seat (2) are connected in a sleeve-embedded manner; the first base (1) is provided with a first fixing bolt (11) penetrating therethrough; the end of the first fixing bolt (11) is connected with the rotating seat (2) through a bearing; The rotating seat (2) and the clamping structure (3) are connected in a sleeve-embedded manner; the rotating seat (2) is provided with a second fixing bolt (23) penetrating therethrough; the end of the second fixing bolt (23) is connected with the rotating end of the clamping structure (3) through a bearing.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first four-station indexing limiting structure adopts a matched slot and pin locking structure; the first four-station indexing limiting structure comprises four first partition groove bodies uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the base (1), one first partition groove body arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat (2), and a conical limiting pin (12). The second two-station indexing limiting structure adopts a matched slot and pin locking structure; the second two-station indexing limiting structure comprises two second partition groove bodies uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat (2), one second partition groove body arranged along the circumference of the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure (3), and a bolt limiting pin (32).

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The clamping end of the clamping structure (3) comprises a cavity arranged in an L-shaped structure; one section of the cavity penetrating a side wall of the clamping end is threadedly connected with a screw rod (305); the other section of the cavity is slidably provided with a push rod (303); the bottom of the screw rod (305) and the push rod (303) abuts against a bevel of the cavity; the rod body of the push rod (303) is provided with a tapered section; the cavity is uniformly provided with a plurality of pressing blocks (304) corresponding to the tapered section; the pressing blocks (304) penetrate the side wall of the cavity along the radial direction; the pressing blocks (304) are provided with limiting abutting tables (306) matched with the tapered section structure; the top of the push rod (303) abuts against the top of the cavity through a spring (302).

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The top of the cavity is sleeved with an end cover (301); the top of the push rod (303) abuts against the end cover (301) through the spring (302).

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The plurality of pressing blocks (304) are centrally symmetrically arranged.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The locking structure comprises a stepped positioning pin (5) and a bolt assembly, both sides of the arc-shaped limiting plate (40) are provided with at least two through holes, and the through holes on one side are configured to insert the stepped positioning pin (5), and the through holes on the other side are configured to pass through the bolt assembly, and the through holes are matched with the through hole position and structure of the lateral mounting seat.

8. A method of machining a housing with lateral mounts, characterized in that The machining device of the housing with a lateral mounting seat according to any one of claims 1-7 comprises the following steps: Step S1: rough machining the outline profile of the external structure of the housing and the outline of the inner hole of the rotary body on the bar material; Step S2: sleeving the rough machined housing on the clamping end of the clamping structure (3), rotating the rotary seat (2), keeping the relative position of the rotary seat (2) and the clamping structure (3) unchanged, maintaining the housing in the first position in the second dimension two-position indexing, and sequentially machining the housing in the first dimension four-position indexing; Step S3: rotating the clamping structure (3) to make the housing in the second position in the second dimension two-position indexing, rotating the rotary seat (2) to sequentially machine the housing in the first dimension four-position indexing; Step S4: after the housing is machined in the first dimension four-position indexing and the second dimension two-position indexing, the outer wall milling of the housing is completed, the housing is separated from the clamping structure (3), the housing is installed to the turning and milling tooling through the locking structure, the inner wall of the housing is turned and milled, and the machining of the housing with a lateral mounting seat is completed.

9. The method of machining a case with lateral mounts of claim 8, wherein, The second dimension two-position indexing comprises two machining states, and the two machining states comprise that the housing axial direction coincides with the axial direction of the base (1), and the housing axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the base (1); The first dimension four-position indexing comprises machining two machining states in four quadrants respectively.

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