Vertical heat recovery coke oven and coking system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a vertical heat recovery coke oven and a coking system. The vertical heat recovery coke oven comprises an oven top, a plurality of carbonization chambers and a plurality of combustion chambers, the furnace top is provided with a raw gas crossing hole and a gas balance channel. Wherein the heating horizontal height of the vertical heat recovery coke oven is H, H = h + delta h + A * B, h is the height distance from the coal line of the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, delta h = C * the height of the coal line of the carbonization chamber, 1.5 < = A < = 3, 200 mm < = B < = 300 mm, and 5% < = C < = 7%. By increasing the coefficient A with the value range of 1.5-3, increasing the combustion height allowed to be reduced by radiation heat transfer of the combustion chamber and increasing the heating horizontal height, reasonable control over temperature distribution in the furnace is achieved, the temperature of the top space of the carbonization chamber is effectively reduced, deep cracking of hydrocarbons in raw coke oven gas is reduced, and therefore generation and deposition of graphite are inhibited, and the quality of the coke oven is improved. And formation of furnace wall graphite and furnace top graphite is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coke oven technology, and in particular to a vertical heat recovery coke oven and coking system. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical heat recovery coke ovens are a new type of energy-saving and environmentally friendly coke oven that can recover and utilize waste heat from flue gas, offering advantages such as environmental protection, high efficiency, and comprehensive resource utilization. Because there is no chemical product recovery system, the negative pressure operation ensures complete combustion of volatile components within the furnace, preventing the production of residual ammonia water, ammonia stripping wastewater, and large amounts of crude benzene separation water, thus meeting the environmental requirements of energy conservation, emission reduction, and clean production.

[0003] However, in the actual operation of vertical heat recovery coke ovens, under high-temperature conditions, certain large-molecule hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas produced during the coking process continuously undergo decomposition reactions, generating a certain amount of methane. This methane, under the continuous high temperature inside the oven, further undergoes cracking reactions, generating free carbon and hydrogen. The generated free carbon gradually adheres to the surface of the oven wall bricks and roof bricks. As the coke oven operates, the adhered free carbon accumulates, eventually forming graphite on the oven walls and roof. Although graphite can maintain the airtightness of the oven walls to a certain extent, the excessive growth of graphite will have an increasingly significant negative impact on the production of vertical heat recovery coke ovens. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical heat recovery coke oven and coking system to reduce graphite accumulation on the top of the oven and the walls of the carbonization chamber. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A vertical heat recovery coke oven, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] Multiple alternating carbonization chambers and multiple combustion chambers, wherein the combustion chambers have vertical fire channels;

[0007] The furnace top is located above multiple carbonization chambers and multiple combustion chambers. The furnace top is provided with a raw coal gas crossing hole and a coal gas balancing channel. The raw coal gas crossing hole connects the vertical fire channels of the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers. The coal gas balancing channel connects at least two carbonization chambers and is used to distribute raw coal gas between at least two carbonization chambers with different coking times.

[0008] Wherein, the heating horizontal height of the vertical heat recovery coke oven is H, H=h+Δh+A×B, h is the height distance from the coal line of the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, Δh=C×the height of the coal line of the carbonization chamber, 1.5≤A≤3, 200mm≤B≤300mm, 5%≤C≤7%.

[0009] In some embodiments, 1.6 ≤ A ≤ 2.

[0010] In some embodiments, 1.8 ≤ A ≤ 2.

[0011] In some embodiments, the furnace top is also provided with a carbon removal device, which can be switched on and off connected to the raw coal gas crossing hole and / or the coal gas balance channel to supplement the raw coal gas crossing hole and / or the coal gas balance channel with combustion-supporting gas.

[0012] In some embodiments, the decarbonization device includes a decarbonization hole disposed on the top of the furnace and a valve body. One end of the decarbonization hole is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end of the decarbonization hole is connected to the raw coal gas crossing hole and / or the coal gas balance channel. The valve body is disposed in the decarbonization hole in a way that allows it to be switched on or off.

[0013] In some embodiments, the valve body includes a carbon removal hole cover, which is detachably disposed on the carbon removal hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are multiple decarbonization holes and multiple valve bodies; multiple decarbonization holes are disposed on the furnace top and are respectively connected to the raw gas crossing hole and / or the gas balance channel at different locations; multiple valve bodies and multiple decarbonization holes are connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] In some embodiments, the raw coal gas crossing orifice includes a horizontal section that spans over the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and the horizontal section connects the different carbonization chambers.

[0016] In some embodiments, a flue is provided at the bottom of the vertical fire channel, and the vertical fire channel is connected to a combustion-supporting channel.

[0017] A coking system comprising: the aforementioned vertical heat recovery coke oven.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0019] This invention provides a vertical heat recovery coke oven, comprising a furnace top, multiple alternating carbonization chambers, and multiple combustion chambers, each combustion chamber having a vertical flue. The furnace top is located above the carbonization chambers and combustion chambers, and includes a raw coal gas crossing hole and a gas balancing channel. The raw coal gas crossing hole connects the vertical flues of the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers, while the gas balancing channel connects at least two carbonization chambers and is used to distribute raw coal gas between at least two carbonization chambers with different coking times. The heating horizontal height of the vertical heat recovery coke oven is defined as H, where H = h + Δh + A × B, h is the distance from the coal line of the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, Δh = C × the height of the coal line of the carbonization chamber, 1.5 ≤ A ≤ 3, 200 mm ≤ B ≤ 300 mm, and 5% ≤ C ≤ 7%. By increasing the coefficient A, which ranges from 1.5 to 3, the allowable reduction in combustion height due to radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber is increased, thereby increasing the heating level. This achieves reasonable control of the temperature distribution within the furnace, effectively reducing the temperature at the top of the carbonization chamber, minimizing the deep cracking of hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas, and thus inhibiting the formation and deposition of graphite, reducing the formation of graphite on the furnace walls and roof. This achieves the goal of reducing the amount of graphite adhering to the surface of the furnace wall bricks and roof bricks in the vertical heat recovery coke oven, improving the operational stability and service life of the coke oven.

[0020] Of course, implementing any product or method of the present invention does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a vertical heat recovery coke oven provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0024] Furnace top 1, carbon removal hole 2. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] During the coking process, certain large-molecule hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas decompose continuously under high temperatures, producing a certain amount of methane. This methane continues to crack under high temperatures, releasing free carbon and hydrogen. The free carbon adheres to the furnace wall bricks and roof bricks, gradually accumulating to form graphite. Firstly, the accumulation of graphite leads to excessively high coke pushing current, making coke pushing difficult. Secondly, the presence of graphite increases the thermal resistance of the furnace walls, thereby increasing the heat consumption of coking and accelerating further graphite growth. Furthermore, the large amount of graphite adhering to the furnace roof space hinders the exhaust of raw coal gas, exacerbating smoke and fire from the furnace door, and in severe cases, may even burn out the furnace door and frame, worsening the operating environment. Graphite formation also reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in the raw coal gas. The graphite content reduces the calorific value of the coke oven gas. During the coke pushing process, the long-term exposure of the oven roof to graphite can cause surface bulging, leading to further problems.

[0027] The heating level of a vertical heat recovery coke oven refers to the height from the top of the combustion chamber to the top of the carbonization chamber, which is one of the key design parameters that determines the temperature of the oven top space.

[0028] The higher the heating level, the farther the high-temperature zone of the flame (the high-temperature part of the flame) in the combustion chamber is from the top space of the carbonization chamber. If the heating level is too low, the high-temperature zone of the flame in the combustion chamber is closer to the top space of the carbonization chamber, which leads to an increase in the temperature of the top space and a significant increase in the temperature of the raw gas in the top space of the carbonization chamber. The increased thermal intensity of the top space means that more heat is transferred to the top space per unit time.

[0029] In related technologies, the heating horizontal height H of a vertical heat recovery coke oven is calculated as follows: H = h + Δh + X, (X = 200mm~300mm), where h is the distance between the coal line and the top wall of the carbonization chamber (the top space height of the carbonization chamber), Δh is the vertical shrinkage generated when the coal is charged into the coke oven (generally 5%~7% of the effective height of the coal charged into the carbonization chamber), and X is the combustion height that can be reduced by the radiative heat transfer of the combustion chamber, with X ranging from 200mm to 300mm.

[0030] The characteristics of a vertical heat recovery coke oven are as follows: First, the calorific value of raw coal gas is higher than that of mixed coal gas. Second, the vertical heat recovery coke oven uses down-draft combustion, with the highest flame temperature near the top of the oven. The excessively high top temperature provides ideal conditions for the deep cracking of hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas, greatly accelerating the formation and deposition of graphite. Using the heating level of a conventional coke oven would inevitably lead to excessively high temperatures in the top space of the carbonization chamber.

[0031] The embodiments of this solution can solve multiple problems caused by graphite accumulation by increasing the heating level of the vertical heat recovery coke oven.

[0032] This application discloses a vertical heat recovery coke oven, comprising a furnace top, multiple alternating carbonization chambers, and multiple combustion chambers, each combustion chamber having a vertical flue. The furnace top is located above the carbonization chambers and combustion chambers, and includes a raw coal gas crossing hole and a gas balancing channel. The raw coal gas crossing hole connects the vertical flues of the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers, while the gas balancing channel connects at least two carbonization chambers and is used to distribute raw coal gas between at least two carbonization chambers with different coking times. The heating horizontal height of the vertical heat recovery coke oven is defined as H, where H = h + Δh + A × B, h is the distance from the coal line of the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, Δh = C × the height of the coal line of the carbonization chamber, 1.5 ≤ A ≤ 3, 200 mm ≤ B ≤ 300 mm, and 5% ≤ C ≤ 7%.

[0033] Specifically, in the formula for calculating the heating horizontal height H, B represents the allowable reduction in combustion height due to radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber, and its specific value can be selected according to conventional design methods. A is a coefficient of B, which adjusts the allowable reduction in combustion height due to radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber. Its value ranges from 1.5 to 3. For example, A can be any value from 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, or an intermediate value between any two values.

[0034] This embodiment of the scheme adds a coefficient A ranging from 1.5 to 3, increasing the allowable reduction in combustion height for radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber and increasing the heating level. This achieves reasonable control of the temperature distribution within the furnace, effectively reducing the temperature at the top of the carbonization chamber, minimizing deep cracking of hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas, thereby inhibiting graphite formation and deposition, and reducing the formation of graphite on the furnace walls and roof. This achieves the goal of reducing graphite adhering to the surfaces of the furnace wall bricks and roof bricks in the vertical heat recovery coke oven, improving the operational stability and service life of the coke oven.

[0035] In practice, A = (Q radiant heat + Q sensible heat of raw coal gas) / Q radiant heat.

[0036] Where, Q radiation heat = ε1 × ε2 × C0 × A × ((T1 / 100)) 4 -(T2 / 100) 4 );

[0037] C0——5.670W / (m 2 ×K 4 );

[0038] ε1 — Emissivity of CO2 at 1300℃;

[0039] ε2—The emissivity of H2O at 1300℃;

[0040] A – The radiative heat transfer area from the combustion chamber to the top space of the carbonization chamber, which is equal to the length of the carbonization chamber × the horizontal heating height.

[0041] T1—Flue gas temperature in the top space of the combustion chamber, ranging from 1250℃ to 1350℃;

[0042] T2—The temperature inside the carbonization chamber is 1050±50℃;

[0043] Wherein, Qsensible heat of raw coal gas = Csensible heat P ×V×T;

[0044] C P —The specific heat capacity of raw coal gas is taken as 1.38 kJ / m³. 3 ;

[0045] V—The volume of raw coal gas, determined based on the quality of coal in the carbonization chamber. Since a raw coal gas balance channel is set in the coke oven structure, the output of raw coal gas can be taken as the average of the total output. The total output is related to the total amount of coal charged in a single hole and the volatile matter of the coal.

[0046] T – Temperature of raw coal gas, 880℃~960℃.

[0047] In some embodiments, a value of A between 1.6 and 2 is preferred, ensuring that the vertical heat recovery coke oven achieves sufficient thermal efficiency while avoiding insufficient heat in the carbonization chamber due to an excessively large value of A. This scheme achieves the optimal balance of heat recovery efficiency in the vertical heat recovery coke oven, enabling the coke oven to effectively recover heat energy while maintaining long-term operational reliability.

[0048] Furthermore, the heating level height parameter A is limited to a range of 1.8 to 2. When A is set to a value greater than or equal to 1.8, it ensures that the temperature at the top of the carbonization chamber is effectively maintained without becoming excessively high. This effectively reduces the temperature at the top of the carbonization chamber, decreases the deep cracking of hydrocarbons in the raw coal gas, thereby inhibiting the formation and deposition of graphite and reducing the formation of graphite on the furnace walls and roof. This achieves the goal of reducing the amount of graphite adhering to the surface of the furnace wall bricks and roof bricks of the vertical heat recovery coke oven, improving the operational stability and service life of the coke oven.

[0049] Specifically, the raw coal gas crossing orifice includes a horizontal section. The horizontal section spans above the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and connects the different carbonization chambers.

[0050] A flue is installed at the bottom of the firebox, which connects to a combustion-supporting gas duct. Specifically, the flue, located at the bottom of the firebox, is used to discharge high-temperature flue gas after combustion, and is connected to the firebox. The combustion-supporting gas duct, also connected to the firebox, is used to supply combustion-supporting gas (such as air) to the firebox, and can be located on the side wall of the firebox.

[0051] The coking process of a vertical heat recovery coke oven is roughly as follows:

[0052] The raw coal gas produced during the dry distillation of coal in the carbonization chamber enters the vertical flue of the combustion chamber through the raw coal gas crossing hole at the top of the furnace. Raw coal gas from carbonization chambers at different coking times is distributed through a gas balancing channel, ensuring a uniform distribution of raw coal gas in each chamber. Air, preheated in the heat exchange chamber, enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the raw coal gas in stages for combustion. The resulting high-temperature flue gas descends into the heat exchange chamber, where it indirectly exchanges heat with the air. The heat-exchanged flue gas then enters the waste gas heat recovery boiler through a flue to recover waste heat. When the waste gas heat recovery boiler is scheduled for maintenance or malfunctions, the coke oven flue gas is discharged through the flue and chimney, ensuring safe and stable coke oven production.

[0053] During operation, the raw coal gas produced in the coking process of a vertical heat recovery coke oven undergoes a decomposition reaction at high temperatures, generating free carbon that gradually adheres to the inner walls of the raw coal gas crossing holes and the gas balance channel at the top of the oven. Long-term accumulation can lead to blockage of these channels. This application addresses this technical problem by installing a carbon removal device at the top of the oven.

[0054] Specifically, in some embodiments, a decarbonization device is also provided on the furnace top. The decarbonization device can be switched on and off to connect at least one of the raw coal gas crossing hole and the coal gas balance channel to supplement the combustion-supporting gas for at least one of the raw coal gas crossing hole and the coal gas balance channel.

[0055] Figure 1 This application provides a partial cross-sectional view of a vertical heat recovery coke oven, as shown in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation of the carbon removal device includes, but is not limited to, the following forms: The carbon removal device may include a carbon removal hole 2 installed on the furnace top 1 and a valve body (not shown). One end of the carbon removal hole 2 is connected to the external atmosphere, and the other end is connected to at least one of the raw coal gas crossing hole and the gas balance channel. The valve body is installed on and off in the carbon removal hole 2 to control the on and off of the external air and at least one of the raw coal gas crossing hole and the gas balance channel.

[0056] The diameter of the decarbonization hole 2 is between the diameter of the observation hole and the average width of the carbonization chamber to provide sufficient combustion air flow, but is not limited to this. The valve body can be a rotary gate valve or a lift-type shut-off valve, allowing operators to adjust the air flow as needed. The valve body can be made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel to withstand the high-temperature environment of the furnace top 1.

[0057] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: When the amount of free carbon accumulated in the raw coal gas crossing hole or gas balance channel reaches a set threshold, the operator can open the valve body to allow outside air to enter the channel through the carbon removal hole 2. The supplemented combustion air reacts with the free carbon in the high-temperature environment to form carbon dioxide gas, which is then discharged, thereby removing the accumulated graphite. By periodically opening the valve body for carbon removal, the channel can be effectively kept unobstructed.

[0058] Compared with existing technologies, this solution has the following advantages: First, by directly setting the decarbonization hole 2 on the furnace top 1, precise treatment of the blockage is achieved; second, the valve body design that can be switched on and off allows for flexible control of the decarbonization operation according to actual needs; finally, the structure is simple and reliable, easy to maintain, and can complete the decarbonization operation without additional power equipment.

[0059] Furthermore, the valve body includes a decarbonization hole cover, which is detachably disposed in the decarbonization hole 2.

[0060] The decarbonization hole cover can be detachably installed using threaded connections, snap-fit ​​connections, flange connections, or pluggable connections. In the threaded connection method, the outer edge of the decarbonization hole cover has external threads, and the inner wall of the decarbonization hole 2 has matching internal threads; installation and removal are achieved by rotation. In the snap-fit ​​connection method, the edge of the decarbonization hole cover has elastic snaps, and the opening of the decarbonization hole 2 has a corresponding groove; quick installation and removal are achieved by pressing. In the flange connection method, the decarbonization hole cover and the decarbonization hole 2 are fixed by a flange and bolts; disassembly is achieved simply by loosening the bolts. Furthermore, the decarbonization hole cover can be made of high-temperature resistant alloy material to withstand the high-temperature working environment of the coke oven. A sealing gasket can be installed between the decarbonization hole cover and the decarbonization hole 2 to ensure airtightness of the connection.

[0061] This technical solution achieves a balance between operational flexibility and maintenance convenience in the decarbonization device through a detachable decarbonization port cover design. The decarbonization port cover can be easily removed, facilitating the cleaning of carbon deposits or the replacement of damaged parts, thus solving the maintenance difficulties of traditional fixed valve bodies. While ensuring the supplementary control function of the combustion-supporting gas in the raw coal gas crossing hole and the coal gas balance channel, it significantly reduces equipment maintenance difficulty and downtime. This design maintains the on / off control function of the valve body while improving the maintainability of the equipment, effectively solving the technical problem of the connection method between the decarbonization port cover and the decarbonization port 2 in the decarbonization device.

[0062] In some embodiments, there are multiple decarbonization holes 2 and multiple valve bodies; multiple decarbonization holes 2 are disposed on the furnace top 1 and are respectively connected to at least one of the raw gas crossing holes and gas balance channels at different locations; multiple valve bodies and multiple decarbonization holes 2 are connected to each other in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0063] Specifically, multiple decarbonization holes 2 can be arranged longitudinally or laterally along the furnace top 1 at intervals, with each decarbonization hole 2 positioned corresponding to a specific raw gas crossing hole or a gas balance channel where carbon easily accumulates. In some embodiments, the spacing of the decarbonization holes 2 is set according to the distribution density of the raw gas channel, typically between 1.5 meters and 3 meters. The connection between the decarbonization holes 2 and the raw gas channel includes vertical docking or inclined docking.

[0064] The valve body can also be an electric valve, and the electric valve can be controlled by centralized control or zone control. In some embodiments, in centralized control, all electrically controlled valve bodies are connected to the same control unit, and in zone control, the furnace top 1 is divided into several areas and each area is equipped with an independent control unit.

[0065] Therefore, this technical solution achieves precise local carbon removal through a distributed carbon removal structure. When free carbon deposits are detected in a certain raw coal gas channel, only the corresponding carbon removal hole 2 needs to be opened, and the flow rate of combustion-supporting gas is adjusted through the valve body. This selective on / off mechanism avoids energy waste caused by the general introduction of combustion-supporting gas. Furthermore, because the carbon removal hole 2 directly acts on the carbon deposited area, its removal efficiency is higher than that of a single carbon removal device. Compared with existing technologies, this solution alleviates the problem of local blockage caused by carbon deposits in traditional methods, and its modular design allows for maintenance by simply closing the corresponding valve body to isolate the faulty unit, without affecting normal carbon removal operations in other areas.

[0066] Embodiments of this application also propose a coking system comprising the vertical heat recovery coke oven of the above embodiments.

[0067] This vertical heat recovery coke oven has alternating carbonization chambers and combustion chambers, with the combustion chamber equipped with vertical flues. The oven top 1 is equipped with a raw gas crossing hole and a gas balancing channel. The raw gas crossing hole is located above the carbonization chamber and combustion chamber, connecting to the vertical flues of the carbonization chamber and combustion chamber respectively. The gas balancing channel is used to distribute the raw gas volume to each carbonization chamber. The heating horizontal height H is calculated using a specific formula (H=h+Δh+A×B), where h is the height distance from the coal line in the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, Δh is the percentage adjustment value of the coal line height, B is an empirical coefficient, and A is an adjustment coefficient for increasing the heating horizontal height. In the calculation of the heating horizontal height, the coefficient A is preferably 1.8 to 2.

[0068] The furnace top 1 may also be optionally equipped with a decarbonization device, which replenishes the combustion-supporting gas through the decarbonization hole 2 and the valve body structure to prevent excessive accumulation of graphite.

[0069] Specifically, one implementation of the decarbonization device involves installing multiple decarbonization holes 2 on the furnace top 1. Each decarbonization hole 2 has one end connected to the external atmosphere and the other end connected to a raw gas crossing hole or a gas balancing channel. The valve body adopts a detachable decarbonization hole cover structure, which can open or close the decarbonization hole 2 as needed. Another implementation method is to use multiple independently controlled electrically controlled valve bodies, each corresponding to a raw gas crossing hole or a gas balancing channel at a different location, to achieve precise control of local areas.

[0070] Therefore, this coking system, through a vertical heat recovery coking oven with integrated carbon removal device, effectively solves the problem of excessive graphite growth inside the traditional coking process.

[0071] By optimizing the heating level and installing a decarbonization device through the technical solutions of this application, the graphite accumulation on the roof 1 and carbonization chamber walls of the vertical heat recovery coke oven can be effectively controlled, reducing the frequency of manual graphite removal. In the long term, these measures help prevent damage to the bricks of the furnace walls and roof 1, appropriately extend the service life of the coke oven, and play a positive role in furnace maintenance.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical heat recovery coke oven, characterized by, The vertical heat recovery coke oven comprises: a plurality of carbonization chambers and a plurality of combustion chambers arranged alternately, the combustion chambers having vertical flues; a furnace top (1) arranged above the plurality of carbonization chambers and the plurality of combustion chambers, the furnace top (1) being provided with a raw gas crossing hole and a gas balance channel, the raw gas crossing hole connecting the vertical flues of the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers, and the gas balance channel communicating at least two carbonization chambers and being used for distributing raw gas between at least two carbonization chambers with different coking times; wherein the heating level height of the vertical heat recovery coke oven is H, H=h+Δh+A×B, h is the height distance from the coal line of the carbonization chamber to the top wall of the carbonization chamber, Δh=C×the height of the coal line of the carbonization chamber, 1.5≤A≤3, 200mm≤B≤300mm, and 5%≤C≤7%.

2. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, 1.6≤A≤2。 3. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 2, characterized in that, 1.8≤A≤2。 4. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 1, wherein The furnace top (1) is further provided with a carbon removal device, which is connected to the raw gas crossing hole and / or the gas balance channel in an on-off manner to supplement combustion-supporting gas for the raw gas crossing hole and / or the gas balance channel.

5. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon removal device comprises a carbon removal hole (2) arranged on the furnace top (1) and a valve body, one end of the carbon removal hole (2) being communicated with the external atmosphere, and the other end of the carbon removal hole (2) being connected to the raw gas crossing hole and / or the gas balance channel; the valve body is arranged on the carbon removal hole (2) in an on-off manner.

6. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 5, wherein The valve body comprises a carbon removal hole cover which is detachably arranged on the carbon removal hole (2).

7. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 5, wherein The carbon removal hole (2) is a plurality of carbon removal holes, and the valve body is a plurality of valve bodies; the plurality of carbon removal holes (2) are arranged on the furnace top (1) and connected to the raw gas crossing holes and / or the gas balance channels at different positions respectively; the plurality of valve bodies and the plurality of carbon removal holes (2) are connected in an on-off manner one by one.

8. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 1, wherein The raw gas crossing hole comprises a horizontal section which is arranged above the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber and connects different carbonization chambers.

9. The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the vertical flue is provided with a flue, and the vertical flue is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas channel.

10. A coking system characterized by, The vertical heat recovery coke oven comprises: The vertical heat recovery coke oven according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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