Multi-flow shell and tube heat exchanger based on shunting optimization

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-flow shell and tube heat exchanger based on shunting optimization. The multi-flow shell and tube heat exchanger comprises a tube shell, a first heat exchange tube bundle, a second heat exchange tube bundle and a tube box. The pipe shell is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a pipe plate, and pipe plate through holes are connected with heat exchange pipe bundle pipe openings. The tube box and the tube plate form an independent containing cavity which comprises an inlet cavity, an outlet cavity and a transfer cavity. The inlet cavity distributes refrigerant into the first heat exchange tube bundle through a refrigerant liquid inlet connector, and an outlet of the inlet cavity is in butt joint with the first cavity of the transfer cavity. The transfer cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity through the flow dividing assembly, and after flowing to the second cavity through the gap, refrigerants are distributed into the second heat exchange tube bundle through the flow dividing assembly and finally discharged through a refrigerant air outlet connector of the outlet cavity. The flow dividing assembly comprises a flow equalizing plate, uniform flow dividing is achieved through a distribution hole, a protruding ring and a concave part, a baffle plate optimization flow channel is arranged in the pipe shell, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, in particular to a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a widely used heat exchange equipment in the industry, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger realizes efficient heat transfer through the indirect contact of the fluid in the tube and the fluid in the shell. Especially in the evaporation process of the refrigeration and air conditioning system, the refrigerant undergoes a gas-liquid two-phase flow state change, and its flow characteristics are complex and prone to phase separation. If the two-phase fluid is not evenly distributed in the heat exchange tube, the local heat transfer efficiency will be significantly reduced, and even the pressure drop will be increased and the energy efficiency will be lost.

[0003] The traditional multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger is usually composed of a tube shell, two groups of heat exchange tube bundles, and a tube box. The side wall of the tube shell is provided with a shell fluid inlet and outlet, and a plurality of single tubes are arranged inside to form a heat exchange tube bundle. The tube bundle is connected to the tube box through the tube plate at both ends to form a liquid inlet cavity, a gas outlet cavity, and a simple transfer cavity to realize multi-flow heat exchange. However, the current design has obvious deficiencies in the transfer cavity structure. Due to the limited space in the shell, and the number of single tubes in the adjacent flow process is often inconsistent, the refrigerant needs to be redistributed in the transfer cavity when switching between flows (such as from the second flow to the third flow). The current transfer cavity lacks active flow guiding structure, and the refrigerant collides disorderly in the closed space, which cannot realize uniform flow distribution and lacks directional flow guidance. A large amount of fluid forms local vortex or stagnation zone due to chaotic flow path, which seriously restricts the improvement of overall heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, how to optimize the fluid distribution structure of the transfer cavity has become a key technical bottleneck for improving the performance of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and a targeted optimization scheme is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, and the purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. By optimizing the fluid distribution structure of the transfer cavity, setting a flow distribution component with a flow distribution plate, a distribution hole, a convex ring, and a recess, realizing uniform flow distribution and directional flow guidance of the refrigerant during multi-flow switching, reducing local vortex and stagnation zone, solving the problems of heat transfer efficiency reduction, pressure drop increase, and energy efficiency loss caused by uneven fluid distribution in the traditional heat exchanger, and improving the overall heat transfer efficiency.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application provides a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow splitting optimization, which comprises a tube shell, the side wall of the tube shell is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, one end of the tube shell is closed, the other end is sleeved with a tube plate, and the tube plate is provided with a through hole; a group of first heat exchange pipe bundles, each group of the first heat exchange pipe bundles comprises a plurality of single pipes, and the two ends of each single pipe are respectively a first inlet pipe and a first outlet pipe; a group of second heat exchange pipe bundles, each group of the second heat exchange pipe bundles comprises a plurality of single pipes, and the two ends of each single pipe are respectively a second inlet pipe and a second outlet pipe; the first heat exchange pipe bundle and the second heat exchange pipe bundle are arranged in the tube shell, and the first inlet pipe, the first outlet pipe, the second inlet pipe and the second outlet pipe are connected with the through hole. A tube box is sealingly connected with the tube plate, and a group of grooves are arranged on the side of the tube box facing the tube plate to form a group of independent cavities in cooperation with the tube plate, each group of the cavities comprises an inlet cavity, an outlet cavity and a transfer cavity; the inlet cavity is connected with a refrigerant inlet interface, the refrigerant inlet interface is opposite to the first inlet pipe, and the fluid refrigerant enters the inlet cavity through the refrigerant inlet interface and then splits into the first heat exchange pipe bundle; the outlet cavity is connected with a refrigerant outlet interface, the refrigerant outlet interface is opposite to the second outlet pipe, and the fluid refrigerant enters the outlet cavity through the second outlet pipe and then is discharged through the refrigerant outlet interface; the second inlet pipe is connected with a flow splitting assembly, the flow splitting assembly divides the transfer cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber along the axial direction of the tube shell; the first outlet pipe is opposite to the first chamber so that the fluid refrigerant directly flows into the first chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are communicated through the gap between the flow splitting assembly and the side wall of the transfer cavity; under the action of pressure, the fluid refrigerant is discharged from the first outlet pipe, enters the first chamber and then flows to the second chamber, and is split into the second inlet pipe through the flow splitting assembly. The flow splitting assembly in the transfer cavity divides the chamber into the first chamber and the second chamber, and realizes the orderly flow of the refrigerant by using the gap between the chambers; at the same time, the refrigerant inlet interface is opposite to the first inlet pipe, and the refrigerant outlet interface is opposite to the second outlet pipe, so that the flow distribution of the refrigerant in each pipe bundle is uniform, and local flow deviation is avoided.

[0006] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, the flow distribution assembly comprises a flow distribution plate, the flow distribution plate is provided with distribution holes, the number of the distribution holes corresponds to the number of the second inlet pipe, the side of the distribution hole away from the second cavity is provided with a raised ring, the raised ring has a constant hole diameter, the end is tapered, and the end abuts into the second inlet pipe, the side of the distribution hole towards the second cavity is provided with a recess, the recess is funnel-shaped, and the fluid refrigerant enters the distribution hole from the recess after passing through the second cavity under the action of pressure and then enters the second heat exchange tube bundle through the raised ring. The distribution holes on the flow distribution plate correspond to the number of the second inlet pipe, and the funnel-shaped recesses have a converging flow guiding effect on the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant is evenly distributed to each second heat exchange tube bundle, ensuring that each single tube has uniform medium flow, the end of the raised ring is tapered and abuts into the second inlet pipe, the tapered structure is closely attached to the inner wall of the pipe, the hole diameter of the raised ring remains unchanged, a physical sealing interface is formed, and leakage or flow of the refrigerant before entering the second heat exchange tube bundle is effectively prevented.

[0007] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, the circumferential side wall of the transfer cavity is provided with a ring table, the flow distribution plate is matched with the ring table, and the ring table limits the flow distribution plate in the radial direction of the pipe shell. The ring table on the circumferential side wall of the transfer cavity forms a rigid support for the flow distribution plate in the radial direction of the pipe shell, the matching structure of the ring table and the flow distribution plate limits the displacement of the flow distribution plate in the radial direction, ensures that the flow distribution plate is always in the preset installation position, and avoids position deviation caused by fluid impact or equipment vibration.

[0008] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application further comprises at least one group of third heat exchange tube bundles, and a corresponding group of the cavities further comprises at least one second transfer cavity, the second transfer cavity is also provided with a flow distribution assembly, the second transfer cavity is used for receiving the fluid refrigerant at the outlet of the group of third heat exchange tube bundles and distributing the fluid refrigerant to the inlet of the next stage of heat exchange tube bundles through the flow distribution assembly. By additionally arranging at least one group of third heat exchange tube bundles and the corresponding second transfer cavity, the heat exchange process is flexibly expanded, the refrigerant can sequentially pass through the first heat exchange tube bundle, the second heat exchange tube bundle, and the third heat exchange tube bundle (and the next stage of tube bundles) to complete multi-stage continuous heat exchange, the limitation of the original double-flow process is broken, the heat exchange path is further prolonged, the combination of the third heat exchange tube bundle and the second transfer cavity forms a standardized heat exchange module, the modules are connected through the flow distribution assembly, and the number of the modules can be increased or decreased according to actual heat exchange requirements, and the modules can be flexibly adjusted.

[0009] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, the refrigerant outlet interface is arranged above the refrigerant liquid inlet interface. The refrigerant outlet interface is arranged above the refrigerant liquid inlet interface, which conforms to the phase change rule of the refrigerant in the heat exchange process, adapts to the phase change process of the refrigerant from liquid to gas, and the liquid refrigerant enters from the bottom, gradually absorbs heat and vaporizes in the heat exchange tube bundle, and the gaseous refrigerant naturally flows upward to the refrigerant outlet interface at the top to form an orderly phase change flow channel of 'in from the bottom and out from the top', avoiding the accumulation of gaseous refrigerant at the bottom to hinder the entry of liquid refrigerant.

[0010] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, the single tube is made of stainless steel. Compared with the copper single tube, the stainless steel has lower cost.

[0011] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, a plurality of baffle plates are arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe inside the tube shell, the baffle plates are used to support the single tube and form a detour flow channel, and a temperature measuring joint is arranged at one end of the tube shell away from the tube plate. The temperature measuring joint at one end of the tube shell away from the tube plate can be connected to a temperature sensor to collect real-time actual temperature data of the shell-side medium, thereby providing direct parameter basis for operation and control of the heat exchange system.

[0012] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, a first liquid equalizing plate and a second liquid equalizing plate are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the tube shell inside the cavity, the first pipe inlet is opposite to the first liquid equalizing plate, a plurality of liquid distribution holes are arranged on the first liquid equalizing plate and the second liquid equalizing plate, and the diameter of the liquid distribution holes on the second liquid equalizing plate is larger than that of the liquid distribution holes on the first liquid equalizing plate. The second liquid equalizing plate first preliminarily distributes the refrigerant entering from the refrigerant liquid inlet interface, and the first liquid equalizing plate secondarily buffers and distributes the preliminarily distributed refrigerant, thereby reducing the initial impact pressure of the refrigerant through two-stage progressive distribution.

[0013] Further, the multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization in the application, the flow equalizing plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. Compared with the metal flow equalizing plate, the polytetrafluoroethylene has corrosion resistance and temperature resistance, thereby prolonging the service life.

[0014] The above technical solution can have the following beneficial effects: 1. A multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization, which is characterized in that a flow distribution assembly with a flow distribution plate, distribution holes, a raised ring and a recess is arranged in a transfer chamber, the transfer chamber is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the gap between the chambers is used to realize the orderly flow of refrigerant; meanwhile, the distribution holes correspond to the second inlet one by one, the funnel-shaped recess realizes the convergence of flow, the raised ring forms a sealing interface to prevent leakage, effectively solving the problems of uneven distribution of fluid in the transfer chamber, vortex and multiple stagnation zones in the traditional heat exchanger, ensuring uniform flow and directional flow of refrigerant during multi-flow switching, significantly improving the overall heat transfer efficiency, and reducing pressure drop and energy loss.

[0015] 2. A multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization, which is characterized in that the two-stage liquid distribution plate in the inlet chamber is used to reduce the initial impact pressure, and a third heat exchange tube bundle and a second transfer chamber are added to realize multi-flow expansion, the refrigerant outlet is arranged above the refrigerant inlet to comply with the phase change rule and optimize the flow channel, the stainless steel single tube reduces the cost, the polytetrafluoroethylene flow distribution plate prolongs the service life, the baffle plate enhances the shell-side heat exchange, and the temperature measuring joint is arranged to facilitate monitoring, and the overall structure takes into account the heat exchange stability, functional adaptability and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. Figure 2 It is an exploded first perspective view of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. Figure 3 It is an exploded second perspective view of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. Figure 4 It is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of area A. Figure 5 It is Figure 3 an enlarged schematic diagram of area B. Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a tube box and a flow distribution assembly. Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a flow distribution assembly. Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional simple schematic diagram of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization. Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional simple schematic diagram of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization, which contains a third heat exchange tube bundle and a second transfer chamber.

[0017] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 1 - tube shell, 11 - baffle plate, 12 - temperature measuring joint; 2 - water inlet pipe; 3- outlet pipe; 4- tube sheet, 41- through hole; 5- first heat exchange tube bundle, 51- first inlet pipe opening, 52- first outlet pipe opening; 6- second heat exchange tube bundle, 61- second inlet pipe opening, 62- second outlet pipe opening; 7- tube box, 71- cavity, 711- inlet cavity, 7111- first liquid distribution plate, 7112- second liquid distribution plate, 7113- liquid distribution hole, 712- outlet cavity, 713- transfer cavity, 7131- first chamber, 7132- second chamber, 7133- ring table, 714- refrigerant inlet interface, 715- refrigerant outlet interface, 716- second transfer cavity; 8- flow distribution assembly, 81- flow distribution plate, 82- distribution hole, 83- protruding ring, 84- recess; 9- third heat exchange tube bundle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further clarified by the following examples and accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1: Basic double-flow heat exchanger (based on Figures 1 to 8 ) This example describes a standard double-flow structure of a multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on flow distribution optimization, mainly referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 . These drawings show the core components and their assembly relationship, ensuring uniform distribution and efficient flow of refrigerant during the heat exchange process.

[0020] Structure Description: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the heat exchanger includes a tube shell 1, the side wall of which is provided with an inlet pipe 2 and an outlet pipe 3. The tube shell 1 is closed at one end and is sleeved with a tube plate 4 at the other end, and the tube plate 4 is provided with a plurality of through holes 41. Inside the tube shell 1, two groups of first heat exchange tube bundles 5 and two groups of second heat exchange tube bundles 6 are installed. The first heat exchange tube bundle 5 includes a plurality of single tubes, and the two ends of each single tube are respectively a first inlet pipe 51 and a first outlet pipe 52; the second heat exchange tube bundle 6 also includes a plurality of single tubes, and the two ends are respectively a second inlet pipe 61 and a second outlet pipe 62. All the pipe openings are connected with the through holes 41. The tube box 7 is sealingly connected with the tube plate 4, and the side of the tube box 7 facing the tube plate 4 is provided with a group of grooves, which cooperates with the tube plate 4 to form an independent cavity 71. The cavity 71 includes an inlet cavity 711, an outlet cavity 712 and a transfer cavity 713. The inlet cavity 711 is connected with a refrigerant inlet interface 714, and the outlet cavity 712 is connected with a refrigerant outlet interface 715. A plurality of baffles 11 are arranged between the inlet pipe 2 and the outlet pipe 3 inside the tube shell 1, which are used to support the single tubes and form a circuitous flow channel, and a temperature measuring joint 12 is arranged at the end of the tube shell 1 away from the tube plate 4. The single tube is made of stainless steel to reduce the cost.

[0021] Key component details: Splitting component 8: located at the second inlet pipe 61, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 . The splitting component 8 includes a flow equalizing plate 81, which is provided with distribution holes 82 corresponding to the second inlet pipe 61. The side of the distribution hole 82 away from the second cavity 7132 is provided with a protruding ring 83, and the hole diameter of the protruding ring 83 is constant, and the end is tapered and abuts into the second inlet pipe 61; the side of the distribution hole 82 facing the second cavity 7132 is provided with a recess 84, which is funnel-shaped. The flow equalizing plate 81 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which improves corrosion resistance and service life. The circumferential side wall of the transfer cavity 713 is provided with a ring table 7133, which is adapted to the flow equalizing plate 81, limits the flow equalizing plate 81 radially along the tube shell 1, and prevents the flow equalizing plate 81 from being offset due to fluid impact.

[0022] Inlet cavity 711 optimization: The first liquid equalizing plate 7111 and the second liquid equalizing plate 7112 are arranged in the inlet cavity 711 along the axial direction of the tube shell 1. The first inlet pipe 51 is opposite to the first liquid equalizing plate 7111, and a plurality of liquid distribution holes 7113 are arranged on the first liquid equalizing plate 7111 and the second liquid equalizing plate 7112. The hole diameter of the liquid distribution holes 7113 on the second liquid equalizing plate 7112 is larger than that of the first liquid equalizing plate 7111, which realizes two-stage progressive flow splitting and reduces the initial impact pressure of the refrigerant.

[0023] Other details: The refrigerant outlet interface 715 is arranged above the refrigerant inlet interface 714, which conforms to the phase change law of the refrigerant (liquid enters from below and gas is discharged upward). The baffles 11 form a circuitous flow channel to enhance the shell-side heat exchange efficiency; the temperature measuring joint 12 is used to monitor the shell-side medium temperature.

[0024] Fluid flow process: After entering the inlet cavity 711 through the refrigerant inlet interface 714, the fluid refrigerant is divided into two liquid equalization plates 7111 and 7112 and then flows into the first inlet port 51 of the first heat exchange tube bundle 5. After absorbing heat in the first heat exchange tube bundle 5, the refrigerant is discharged from the first outlet port 52 and directly flows into the first chamber 7131 of the transfer cavity 713 (because the first outlet port 52 is directly opposite the first chamber 7131). Under the action of pressure, the refrigerant flows to the second chamber 7132 through the gap between the shunt assembly 8 and the side wall of the transfer cavity 713. Then, the refrigerant enters the distribution hole 82 from the recess 84 and is evenly distributed to the second inlet port 61 of the second heat exchange tube bundle 6 through the convex ring 83. After completing heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube bundle 6, the refrigerant enters the outlet cavity 712 from the second outlet port 62 and is discharged through the refrigerant outlet interface 715. The entire process ensures uniform distribution through the shunt assembly 8, reducing vortex and stagnation area.

[0025] Summary of functional advantages: This embodiment realizes orderly flow and uniform distribution of refrigerant in the transfer cavity 713 through the flow equalization plate 81, distribution hole 82, convex ring 83, and recess 84 of the shunt assembly 8. The funnel-shaped recess 84 guides fluid convergence, and the tapered convex ring 83 prevents leakage and improves sealing. Combined with the baffle plate 11 to optimize the flow channel and the temperature measurement joint 12 for real-time monitoring, the overall heat exchange efficiency is improved by more than 10%, while the stainless steel single tube and polytetrafluoroethylene flow equalization plate 81 consider cost effectiveness and durability. As shown in the cross-sectional simple schematic diagram of Figure 8 , the structure is compact and the flow path is clear.

[0026] Example 2: Extended multi-flow heat exchanger (based on Figure 9 ) This embodiment is extended based on Example 1, adding a third heat exchange tube bundle 9 and a second transfer cavity 716 to form a three-flow heat exchange system, specifically referring to the cross-sectional simple schematic diagram of Figure 9 . This design provides flexible expandability and is suitable for higher heat load scenarios.

[0027] Structure description: As shown in the cross-sectional simple schematic diagram of Figure 9As shown, the heat exchanger adds a set of third heat exchange tube bundles 9 and a corresponding second transfer cavity 716 to the double-flow structure of Embodiment 1. The third heat exchange tube bundles 9 include a plurality of single tubes, with the two ends being a third inlet port and a third outlet port (not labeled in the figure). The second transfer cavity 716 is added to the cavity 71, and the second transfer cavity 716 is also provided with a flow distribution assembly 8 (the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1, including a flow equalizing plate 81, a distribution hole 82, a protruding ring 83, and a recess 84). The second transfer cavity 716 is used to receive the fluid refrigerant outlet from the second heat exchange tube bundle 6 and distribute it to the inlet of the third heat exchange tube bundle 9 through the flow distribution assembly 8. The structure of the cavity 71 of the tube box 7 is expanded to ensure that the inlet cavity 711, the outlet cavity 712, the transfer cavity 713, and the second transfer cavity 716 are independently separated. Other components such as the tube shell 1, the baffle 11, and the temperature measuring joint 12 remain unchanged.

[0028] Key component details: Third heat exchange tube bundle 9 and second transfer cavity 716: The number of single tubes of the third heat exchange tube bundle 9 can be adjusted according to demand, and is connected with the outlet of the second heat exchange tube bundle 6. The internal structure of the second transfer cavity 716 is similar to that of the transfer cavity 713, and a ring table 7133 is provided to limit the flow equalizing plate 81. The flow distribution assembly 8 has the same effect in the second transfer cavity 716, ensuring that the refrigerant is evenly distributed to the third inlet port.

[0029] Modular expansion: The third heat exchange tube bundle 9 and the second transfer cavity 716 form a standardized module, which can be added or removed according to the heat exchange demand (such as supporting four-flow or more). The inlet cavity 711 and the outlet cavity 712 are optimized, and the refrigerant outlet interface 715 is always located above the refrigerant inlet interface 714, which is suitable for the phase change process.

[0030] Fluid flow process: Fluid refrigerant enters the inlet cavity 711 from the refrigerant inlet interface 714 and is distributed to the first heat exchange tube bundle 5. After heat exchange, it enters the transfer cavity 713 and is distributed to the second heat exchange tube bundle 6 through the flow distribution assembly 8. After completing the second-stage heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube bundle 6, the refrigerant flows into the first chamber 7131 of the second transfer cavity 716 from the second outlet port 62 (similar to Embodiment 1). The refrigerant flows to the second chamber 7132 through the gap, and is then evenly distributed to the inlet of the third heat exchange tube bundle 9 through the recess 84, the distribution hole 82, and the protruding ring 83 of the flow distribution assembly 8. The final heat exchange is completed in the third heat exchange tube bundle 9, and the refrigerant enters the outlet cavity 712 from the third outlet port and is discharged through the refrigerant outlet interface 715. The multi-stage flow distribution assembly 8 ensures consistent flow in each flow and avoids flow deviation.

[0031] Summary of functional advantages: The third heat exchange tube bundle 9 and the second transfer cavity 716 are added to prolong the heat exchange path and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The standardized design of the flow distribution assembly 8 (the flow distribution plate 81 and the recess 84) realizes seamless connection of the refrigerant between the modules and reduces the stagnant area. The modular structure allows flexible configuration and is suitable for large refrigeration systems. At the same time, the temperature measuring joint 12 and the baffle 11 maintain efficient monitoring and flow channel optimization, and the overall energy efficiency is improved.

[0032] The technical principles of the present application are described above in combination with specific embodiments, and these descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present application and cannot be interpreted in any way as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific embodiments of the present application without creative labor, and these embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger based on split flow optimization, characterized by: The shell tube heat exchanger comprises a tube shell (1), a plurality of first heat exchange tube bundles (5), a plurality of second heat exchange tube bundles (6), a tube box (7), and a plurality of recesses. Each of the first heat exchange tube bundles (5) comprises a plurality of single tubes, and each of the single tubes has a first inlet pipe (51) and a first outlet pipe (52) at two ends thereof. Each of the second heat exchange tube bundles (6) comprises a plurality of single tubes, and each of the single tubes has a second inlet pipe (61) and a second outlet pipe (62) at two ends thereof. The first heat exchange tube bundles (5) and the second heat exchange tube bundles (6) are arranged in the tube shell (1), and the first inlet pipe (51), the first outlet pipe (52), the second inlet pipe (61), and the second outlet pipe (62) are connected with the through hole (41). The tube box (7) is sealingly connected with the tube plate (4), and a plurality of recesses are arranged on a side of the tube box (7) facing the tube plate (4) to form a plurality of independent cavities (71) in cooperation with the tube plate (4). The cavity (711) is connected with a refrigerant inlet (714), the refrigerant inlet (714) is opposite to the first inlet pipe (51), fluid refrigerant enters the cavity (711) through the refrigerant inlet (714) and is then distributed into the first heat exchange tube bundle (5), the cavity (712) is connected with a refrigerant outlet (715), the refrigerant outlet (715) is opposite to the second outlet pipe (62), fluid refrigerant enters the cavity (712) through the second outlet pipe (62) and is then discharged through the refrigerant outlet (715), the second inlet pipe (61) is connected with a distribution assembly (8), the distribution assembly (8) divides the transfer cavity (713) into a first chamber (7131) and a second chamber (7132) along the axial direction of the tube shell (1), the first outlet pipe (52) is opposite to the first chamber (7131) so that fluid refrigerant directly flows into the first chamber (7131), the first chamber (7131) and the second chamber (7132) are in communication through a gap between the distribution assembly (8) and the side wall of the transfer cavity (713), under the action of pressure, fluid refrigerant is discharged from the first outlet pipe (52), flows into the first chamber (7131), and then flows to the second chamber (7132) and is distributed into the second inlet pipe (61) through the distribution assembly (8).

2. The multi-flow shell and tube heat exchanger based on distribution optimization according to claim 1, wherein ​ The shunt assembly (8) comprises a flow equalizing plate (81) provided with distribution holes (82), the number of the distribution holes (82) corresponds to the number of the second inlet ports (61), the side of the distribution holes (82) away from the second chamber (7132) is provided with a raised ring (83), the aperture of the raised ring (83) is constant, the end is tapered, and abuts into the second inlet port (61), the side of the distribution holes (82) facing the second chamber (7132) is provided with a recess (84), the recess is funnel-shaped, and the fluid refrigerant enters the distribution holes (82) from the recess (84) under the action of pressure after passing through the second chamber (7132), and then enters the second heat exchange tube bundle (6) through the raised ring (83).

3. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circumferential side wall of the transfer chamber (713) is provided with a ring table (7133), the flow equalizing plate (81) is matched with the ring table (7133), and the ring table (7133) limits the flow equalizing plate (81) in the radial direction of the tube shell (1).

4. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising at least one group of third heat exchange tube bundles (9), and a corresponding group of the containing chambers (71) further comprises at least one second transfer chamber (716), the second transfer chamber (716) is also provided with a shunt assembly (8), the second transfer chamber (716) is used for receiving the fluid refrigerant at the outlet of the group of third heat exchange tube bundles (9), and distributing the fluid refrigerant to the inlet of the next stage of heat exchange tube bundles through the shunt assembly (8).

5. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant gas outlet (715) is arranged above the refrigerant liquid inlet (714).

6. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single tube is made of stainless steel.

7. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube shell (1) is provided with a plurality of baffle plates (11) between the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3), the baffle plates (11) are used for supporting the single tube and forming a circuitous flow channel, and the end of the tube shell (1) away from the tube plate (4) is provided with a temperature measuring joint (12).

8. The multi-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on shunt optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first liquid equalizing plate (7111) and the second liquid equalizing plate (7112) are sequentially arranged in the inlet chamber (711) in the axial direction of the tube shell (1), the first inlet port (51) is opposite to the first liquid equalizing plate (7111), a plurality of liquid distribution holes (7113) are arranged on the first liquid equalizing plate (7111) and the second liquid equalizing plate (7112), and the aperture of the liquid distribution holes (7113) on the second liquid equalizing plate (7112) is larger than the aperture of the liquid distribution holes (7113) on the first liquid equalizing plate (7111).

9. A multi-pass shell and tube heat exchanger based on split stream optimization as claimed in claim 2 wherein, said flow equalizing plate (81) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

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