A gear continuous assembly apparatus for a speed reducer and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of speed reducer assembly, in particular to a gear continuous assembly equipment for speed reducer and its using method, which comprises an assembly table, and a sliding table is movably arranged on the assembly table and is controlled by an electric sliding rail. The gear continuous assembly equipment for speed reducer and its using method load gears by a U-shaped structure, realize axial limiting of gears by air bags, and complete meshing in advance, then expand along the damping shaft at low speed by the movable frame, drive the pinion to make circular motion with the main gear as the center, so that all gears are assembled synchronously in the meshing state, completely avoid the meshing alignment trouble when hoisting gears one by one in the traditional way, greatly shorten the assembly time, when the gears are loaded into the U-shaped structure, the gravity of the gears presses the snap pin to lock the movable frame, after the main gear is assembled in place, the snap pin is automatically reset and unlocked under the action of the spring, the movable frame is naturally expanded by the gravity of the pinion to complete the subsequent assembly, the operation is more convenient, and the human operation error is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer assembly technology, specifically to a continuous gear assembly device for speed reducers and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production and assembly process of speed reducers, gear assembly is one of the core processes, and its assembly accuracy and efficiency directly affect the overall performance and production capacity of the speed reducer. Currently, most speed reducer gear assembly methods rely on manual lifting or simple tooling, which presents the following prominent problems:

[0003] 1. Difficulty in gear meshing and alignment: Traditional assembly requires manual adjustment of the position of individual gears to achieve meshing, which is cumbersome and prone to alignment deviations, resulting in low assembly accuracy and the need for repeated adjustments.

[0004] 2. High degree of manual intervention and low efficiency: The assembly process requires manual fixing of gears, unlocking of tooling, and detection of meshing status. The steps are scattered, human operation errors are large, and continuous assembly cannot be achieved, thus limiting production efficiency.

[0005] 3. Disconnect between inspection and assembly: After the gears are assembled, an additional inspection process is required to check for problems such as meshing jamming. This not only increases the production process and costs, but may also cause unqualified products to flow into the next process, affecting the product qualification rate.

[0006] In the process of developing existing gear assembly equipment for speed reducers, the inventors discovered the aforementioned problems in the prior art. In view of this, we propose a continuous gear assembly equipment for speed reducers and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous gear assembly device for speed reducers and its usage method, to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as difficult meshing and alignment, low efficiency due to excessive manual intervention, and disconnect between inspection and assembly. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a continuous gear assembly device for speed reducers, comprising an assembly table, wherein a slide controlled by an electric slide rail is movably mounted on the assembly table for placing a speed reducer base, and limiting edges restricting the position of the speed reducer base are fixedly provided on both sides of the slide table corresponding to the direction of movement;

[0008] A lifting frame is provided on one side of the assembly table, and a fixed frame is provided on the lifting frame. The bottom end of the fixed frame is rotatably connected to a movable frame through a damping shaft, and a return spring is provided at the connection between the movable frame and the fixed frame.

[0009] The movable frame and the fixed frame form a U-shaped structure to support the gear, and the inner sides of the movable frame and the fixed frame are provided with airbags to hold the gear shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on the damping shaft, and a locking pin is movably inserted at the bottom end of the fixing frame, and when the locking pin moves down, it locks the rotation function of the movable frame along the protrusion.

[0011] The fixing frame is equipped with a spring that pushes the locking pin upward.

[0012] Preferably, the assembly table is provided with an arch frame in the middle, and an inclined track is provided on the arch frame. A plate seat is slidably provided on the track, and the bottom of the plate seat is provided with a toothed groove that can mesh with a gear.

[0013] The slide is equipped with rollers that assist in the lateral movement of the reducer base.

[0014] Preferably, the airbag is connected to an air pressure regulating device, and the surface of the airbag is covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer, and the surface of the rubber layer has an arc-shaped groove adapted to the gear shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the limiting edge has an arc-shaped guide surface on the side facing the reducer base, and the guide surface gradually narrows from the slide table inlet end to the assembly station.

[0016] Preferably, the airbag is wrapped with a metal mesh sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable frame and the fixed frame.

[0017] Preferably, the damping shaft is provided with axial limiting rings at both ends, and the limiting rings are fitted to the bottom end of the fixing frame.

[0018] A method of using a gear continuous assembly device for a speed reducer includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Following the assembly sequence, place the main gear and each auxiliary gear into the U-shaped load-bearing structure composed of the fixed frame and the movable frame. During the lowering process, the gears press down on the locking pins due to their gravity, causing the locking pins to move along the protrusions on the damping shaft and lock the rotation function of the movable frame. At this time, the movable frame remains in a closed state, and the U-shaped structure stably supports each gear. The airbags inside the movable frame and the fixed frame are in close contact with the gear shafts to achieve axial positioning of each gear, while ensuring that each gear completes preliminary meshing in the U-shaped structure.

[0020] S2. The electric slide rail controls the slide table to move the reducer base to directly below the lifting frame. The lifting frame is then activated to drive the fixed frame to move down as a whole until the main gear in the U-shaped structure falls precisely into the preset assembly position of the reducer base, completing the initial assembly of the main gear and the base.

[0021] S3. After the main gear is assembled, the fixed frame stops moving downward. At this time, the downward pressure of the gear on the locking pin disappears, and the spring on the fixed frame pushes the locking pin upward to reset. The locking pin disengages from the damping shaft protrusion, and the rotation lock of the movable frame is released. Under the gravity of each auxiliary gear, the movable frame rotates slowly along the damping shaft and unfolds to the horizontal position, driving each auxiliary gear to perform a circular motion around the main gear. This allows the auxiliary gears to accurately enter the corresponding assembly port of the reducer base while maintaining the meshing state, thus completing the assembly of all gears.

[0022] S4. Start the electric slide rail control slide to drive the assembled reducer base to reset to the initial position. During the reset process, the main gear meshes with the tooth groove of the upper plate seat of the arch frame. If there is a jamming problem in the meshing of each gear, the main gear cannot rotate and will push the plate seat to move obliquely along the inclined track. The plate seat will simultaneously drive the reducer base from the middle position of the slide to one side. If the meshing of each gear is good, the main gear will rotate along the tooth groove of the plate seat as the slide moves, and the slide will drive the reducer base to reset normally to the initial position.

[0023] S5. When the reducer base on the slide moves to the detection position, the staff checks and adjusts the gear meshing status of the reducer base that has been displaced to one side of the slide. When the slide is reset normally, the staff removes the assembled reducer base, replaces it with a new reducer base to be assembled, and enters the next assembly cycle.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] In this invention, the gear is supported by a U-shaped structure (fixed frame + movable frame), and the gear is axially limited and pre-engaged by an airbag. Then, the movable frame unfolds at low speed along the damping shaft, driving the auxiliary gear to make a circular motion around the main gear. This allows all gears to be assembled synchronously while maintaining engagement, completely avoiding the troublesome meshing and alignment when hoisting gears one by one in the traditional method, and greatly shortening the assembly time.

[0026] In this invention, when the gear is installed into the U-shaped structure, its gravity presses down on the locking pin to lock the movable frame, ensuring load-bearing stability. After the main gear is assembled in place, the locking pin automatically resets and unlocks under the action of the spring. The movable frame naturally unfolds with the help of the gravity of the auxiliary gear to complete the subsequent assembly. The entire process does not require manual control of locking / unlocking, making the operation more convenient and reducing human error.

[0027] In this invention, when the slide is reset, the main gear meshes with the tooth groove of the plate seat. If there is meshing jamming, the main gear cannot rotate and will push the plate seat to move along the inclined track, thereby pushing the base to one side for manual inspection and adjustment. If the meshing is good, the base will reset normally, realizing the integration of assembly and inspection. There is no need to add an extra inspection process, which not only improves the inspection efficiency, but also effectively prevents unqualified products from flowing out. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plate base and track of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly table, slide, and lifting frame of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movable frame and the fixed frame of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the movable frame and fixed frame of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Assembly table; 2. Electric slide rail; 3. Slide table; 4. Limiting edge; 5. Lifting frame; 6. Fixed frame; 7. Damping shaft; 8. Movable frame; 9. Return spring; 10. Gear; 11. Airbag; 12. Protrusion; 13. Locking pin; 14. Spring; 15. Arch frame; 16. Track; 17. Plate base; 18. Gear groove; 19. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer, comprising an assembly table 1, on which a slide table 3 controlled by an electric slide rail 2 is movably mounted for placing a speed reducer base, and limiting edges 4 are fixedly provided on both sides of the slide table 3 in the corresponding direction of movement to restrict the position of the speed reducer base. The setting of the limiting edges 4 can prevent the speed reducer base from shifting laterally during the movement of the slide table 3, ensuring that the base is always within the preset bearing area of ​​the slide table 3, thus providing a guarantee for the accurate alignment of the subsequent gear 10 assembly.

[0039] A lifting frame 5 is provided on one side of the assembly table 1. The lifting frame 5 can achieve stable vertical lifting and lowering. A fixed frame 6 is provided on the lifting frame 5. The bottom end of the fixed frame 6 is rotatably connected to the movable frame 8 through a damping shaft 7. The damping shaft 7 can buffer the rotation speed of the movable frame 8 and prevent the movable frame 8 from rotating too fast, which would cause the gear 10 to collide and be damaged. A return spring 9 is provided at the connection between the movable frame 8 and the fixed frame 6. The return spring 9 can drive the movable frame 8 to return to the initial closed state after assembly is completed, so as to carry out the next round of assembly operations.

[0040] The movable frame 8 and the fixed frame 6 form a U-shaped structure to support the gear 10. The opening size of the U-shaped structure is adapted to the number and specifications of the gears 10 to be assembled, which can form a circumferential enclosure for the gears 10. The movable frame 8 and the fixed frame 6 are provided with an airbag 11 to hold the axle of the gear 10. After the airbag 11 is inflated, it can fit tightly against the surface of the axle of the gear 10 to achieve axial positioning of the gear 10, prevent the gear 10 from moving along the axle direction, and at the same time ensure that each gear 10 can be accurately aligned in the U-shaped structure, thereby completing the meshing in advance and reducing the meshing adjustment steps during subsequent assembly.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a protrusion 12 is provided on the damping shaft 7, and a locking pin 13 is movably inserted at the bottom end of the fixing frame 6. The locking pin 13 can move up and down along the vertical direction of the fixing frame 6. When the locking pin 13 moves down, it locks the rotation function of the movable frame 8 along the protrusion 12, ensuring that the movable frame 8 remains closed when the gear 10 is loaded into the U-shaped structure, preventing the gear 10 from falling off. A spring 14 is provided on the fixing frame 6 to push the locking pin 13 upward. The spring 14 is always in a pre-compressed state. When the gear 10 is assembled in place, it can quickly push the locking pin 13 to reset, releasing the locking restriction on the movable frame 8.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8As shown, an arch frame 15 is provided in the middle of the assembly table 1. The arch frame 15 spans the moving path of the slide table 3, and an inclined track 16 is provided on the arch frame 15. The inclination angle of the track 16 can meet the lateral pushing requirements of the reducer base when the plate seat 17 slides. The plate seat 17 is slidably arranged on the track 16, and the bottom of the plate seat 17 is provided with a tooth groove 18 that can mesh with the gear 10. The tooth profile of the tooth groove 18 is adapted to the tooth profile of the main gear 10 to ensure stable meshing between the main gear 10 and the plate seat 17. Rollers 19 that assist the lateral movement of the reducer base are rolled on the slide table 3. The rollers 19 are evenly distributed on the surface of the slide table 3, which can convert the sliding friction between the reducer base and the slide table 3 into rolling friction, reducing the friction force when the base moves. This facilitates the placement and adjustment of the base, avoids wear on the bottom of the base, and ensures the stability when the slide table 3 drives the base to move.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the airbag 11 is connected to a pressure regulating device, and its surface is covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer. An arc-shaped groove, adapted to the axle of the gear 10, is formed on the surface of the rubber layer. The pressure regulating device can flexibly adjust the pressure of the airbag 11 according to the diameter of the gear 10 axle, ensuring stable positioning of gears 10 of different specifications and improving the equipment's versatility. The wear-resistant rubber layer reduces frictional wear between the airbag 11 and the axle, extending its service life. The arc-shaped groove precisely matches the axle, enhancing axial positioning stability and preventing gear 10 wobbling from affecting pre-meshing accuracy.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the limiting edge 4 has an arc-shaped guide surface on the side facing the reducer base. The guide surface gradually tapers from the inlet end of the slide table 3 towards the assembly station. The guide surface guides the reducer base to quickly align with the center of the slide table 3, reducing manual alignment operations and improving feeding efficiency. The tapering structure further restricts the base offset during the movement of the slide table 3, ensuring that the base stops precisely below the lifting frame 5, improving the alignment accuracy of the main gear 10 assembly.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8As shown, the airbag 11 is wrapped with a metal mesh sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable frame 8 and the fixed frame 6. The metal mesh sleeve enhances the overall structural strength of the airbag 11, preventing excessive deformation of the airbag 11 when the gear 10 is under gravity or the movable frame 8 rotates, thus ensuring the reliability of the limiting position. The mesh sleeve fixed to the frame can help the airbag 11 maintain its preset shape, ensuring the consistency of position when multiple gears 10 are stacked and stabilizing the pre-engagement state.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 8 As shown, axial limiting rings are provided at both ends of the damping shaft 7. The limiting rings fit against the bottom end of the fixed frame 6. The limiting rings restrict the axial movement of the damping shaft 7, ensuring the axial stability of the movable frame 8 when rotating around the damping shaft 7, and avoiding deviation in the assembly trajectory of the secondary gear 10 due to shaft misalignment. The design of fitting the fixed frame 6 reduces the gap between the damping shaft 7 and the frame, reduces vibration and noise during rotation, and improves the smoothness of equipment operation.

[0047] A method of using a gear continuous assembly device for a speed reducer includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Following the assembly sequence, place the main gear 10 and each auxiliary gear 10 into the U-shaped support structure composed of the fixed frame 6 and the movable frame 8. During the lowering process, the gear 10's gravity presses down on the locking pin 13, causing the locking pin 13 to move along the protrusion 12 on the damping shaft 7 and lock the rotation function of the movable frame 8. At this time, the movable frame 8 remains in a closed state, and the U-shaped structure stably supports each gear 10. The airbag 11 on the inner side of the movable frame 8 and the fixed frame 6 is in close contact with the gear 10 axle, realizing the axial limitation of each gear 10, and at the same time ensuring that each gear 10 has completed preliminary meshing within the U-shaped structure.

[0049] S2. The slide table 3 is controlled by the electric slide rail 2 to move the reducer base to directly below the lifting frame 5. The lifting frame 5 is started to drive the fixed frame 6 to move down as a whole until the main gear 10 in the U-shaped structure falls precisely into the preset assembly position of the reducer base, thus completing the initial assembly of the main gear 10 and the base.

[0050] S3. After the main gear 10 is assembled, the fixed frame 6 stops moving downwards. At this time, the downward pressure of the gear 10 on the locking pin 13 disappears, and the spring 14 on the fixed frame 6 pushes the locking pin 13 upwards to reset. The locking pin 13 disengages from the protrusion 12 of the damping shaft 7, and the rotational locking state of the movable frame 8 is released. Under the gravity of each auxiliary gear 10, the movable frame 8 rotates at low speed along the damping shaft 7 and unfolds to a horizontal position, driving each auxiliary gear 10 to perform a circular motion around the main gear 10 as the center. This allows the auxiliary gears 10 to accurately enter the corresponding assembly port of the reducer base while maintaining the meshing state, completing the assembly of all gears 10.

[0051] S4. Start the electric slide rail 2 to control the slide table 3 to drive the assembled reducer base back to its initial position. During the reset process, the main gear 10 meshes with the tooth groove 18 of the upper plate seat 17 of the arch frame 15. If there is a jamming problem in the meshing of each gear 10, the main gear 10 cannot rotate and will push the plate seat 17 to move obliquely along the inclined track 16. The plate seat 17 will simultaneously drive the reducer base from the middle position of the slide table 3 to one side. If the meshing of each gear 10 is good, the main gear 10 will rotate along the tooth groove 18 of the plate seat 17 as the slide table 3 moves, and the slide table 3 will drive the reducer base to reset normally to the initial position.

[0052] S5. When the reducer base on slide 3 moves to the detection position, the operator checks and adjusts the gear 10 meshing status of the reducer base that has shifted to one side of slide 3. When slide 3 returns to its normal position, the operator removes the assembled reducer base, replaces it with a new reducer base to be assembled, and begins the next assembly cycle.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer, characterized in that, It includes an assembly table (1), on which a slide table (3) controlled by an electric slide rail (2) is provided, and limiting edges (4) are provided on both sides of the slide table (3) to limit the position of the reducer base; The assembly platform (1) is provided with a lifting frame (5) on one side, and a fixed frame (6) is provided on the lifting frame (5). The bottom end of the fixed frame (6) is rotatably connected to a movable frame (8) through a damping shaft (7). A return spring (9) is provided between the movable frame (8) and the fixed frame (6). The two form a U-shaped structure to carry the gear (10), and an airbag (11) is provided on the inner side to hold the gear (10) axle. The damping shaft (7) is provided with a protrusion (12), and a locking pin (13) is movably inserted at the bottom of the fixed frame (6). When the locking pin (13) moves down, it locks the movable frame (8) to rotate along the protrusion (12). A spring (14) is provided on the fixed frame (6) to push the locking pin (13) to move up. After the airbag (11) is inflated, it can fit tightly against the surface of the gear (10) shaft to achieve axial positioning of the gear (10).

2. The gear continuous assembly equipment for a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly table (1) is provided with an arch frame (15) in the middle, with an inclined track (16) on the arch frame (15), a plate seat (17) sliding on the track (16), and a toothed groove (18) that meshes with the gear (10) at the bottom of the plate seat (17). A roller (19) for the auxiliary base to move laterally is rolled on the slide table (3).

3. A continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The airbag (11) is connected to the air pressure regulating device and is covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer. The rubber layer has an arc-shaped groove that is compatible with the gear (10) shaft.

4. A continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting edge (4) is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface on the side facing the base, and the guide surface gradually shrinks from the entrance end of the slide table (3) to the assembly station.

5. A continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The airbag (11) is wrapped with a metal mesh sleeve on the outside, and the metal mesh sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the movable frame (8) and the fixed frame (6).

6. A continuous gear assembly device for a speed reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping shaft (7) is provided with axial limiting rings at both ends, and the limiting rings are attached to the bottom end of the fixing frame (6).

7. A method of using a continuous gear assembly apparatus for a speed reducer, comprising using the continuous gear assembly apparatus for a speed reducer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. According to the assembly sequence, the main gear and each auxiliary gear are placed into the U-shaped bearing structure composed of the fixed frame and the movable frame. During the lowering process of the gear, its gravity presses down on the locking pin, causing the locking pin to move along the protrusion on the damping shaft and lock the rotation function of the movable frame. At this time, the movable frame remains in a closed state, and the U-shaped structure stably supports each gear. S2. The slide table is controlled by the electric slide rail to move the reducer base to directly below the lifting frame. The lifting frame is then started to drive the fixed frame to move down as a whole until the main gear in the U-shaped structure falls precisely into the preset assembly position of the reducer base, completing the initial assembly of the main gear and the base. S3. After the main gear is assembled, the fixed frame stops moving downward. At this time, the downward pressure of the gear on the locking pin disappears, the spring on the fixed frame pushes the locking pin upward to reset, the locking pin disengages from the damping shaft protrusion, and the rotation lock of the movable frame is released. Under the gravity of each auxiliary gear, the movable frame rotates slowly along the damping shaft to unfold to the horizontal position, driving each auxiliary gear to perform a circular motion around the main gear as the center, so that the auxiliary gears can accurately enter the corresponding assembly port of the reducer base while maintaining the meshing state, thus completing the assembly of all gears. S4. Start the electric slide rail control slide to drive the assembled reducer base back to the initial position. During the reset process, the main gear meshes with the tooth groove of the upper plate seat of the arch frame. If there is a jamming problem in the meshing of each gear, the main gear cannot rotate and will push the plate seat to move obliquely along the inclined track. The plate seat will simultaneously drive the reducer base from the middle position of the slide to one side. If the meshing of each gear is good, the main gear will rotate along the tooth groove of the plate seat as the slide moves, and the slide will drive the reducer base to reset normally to the initial position. S5. When the reducer base on the slide moves to the detection position, the staff checks and adjusts the gear meshing status of the reducer base that has been displaced to one side of the slide. When the slide is reset normally, the staff removes the assembled reducer base, replaces it with a new reducer base to be assembled, and enters the next assembly cycle.

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