Torque determination system for drivetrain components in work vehicle

Abstract

A torque determination system for a driveline of a work vehicle includes a driveline component having a housing, intermeshing torque transmitting components within the housing, and a shaft supporting the transmitting components for rotation about an axis of the shaft. A shaft connected to the housing for relative rotation is configured to transfer an axial thrust load from the transmission component to the housing along an axis of the shaft. The system includes a strain sensor mounted on the housing to sense local strain caused by the axial thrust load and output a corresponding strain value. A control unit equipped with a processing and memory architecture executes logic to receive the strain value, derive a torque value associated with the transmission component based on the strain value, and output the derived torque value for use on the work vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to work vehicles, and more particularly to a system for determining torque values ​​in drivetrain components. Background Technology

[0002] The shift to advanced powertrain technologies in operational vehicles underscores the need for accurate and reliable torque measurement systems. Traditional methods of measuring torque involve the use of direct torque sensors, which are typically expensive. These sensors can cost tens of thousands of dollars and may involve installation processes that could disrupt existing system designs.

[0003] Implementing direct torque sensors presents several drawbacks. They typically require significant modifications to the transmission housing to accommodate the sensor, potentially increasing manufacturing complexity and cost. Furthermore, these sensors are generally susceptible to damage from external loads and environmental conditions, which can compromise their accuracy and reliability.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional torque sensors are often affected by external variables such as vibration, temperature fluctuations, and mechanical shocks, which can introduce errors into torque measurements. These factors require frequent recalibration and maintenance, further increasing the operating costs and downtime of the work vehicles.

[0005] Environmental factors such as temperature variations can significantly affect the performance of conventional torque sensors. Temperature changes can cause sensor readings to drift, leading to inaccurate torque measurements. Therefore, ensuring the accuracy of these sensors under varying operating conditions remains a significant challenge.

[0006] In summary, while traditional direct torque sensors provide a means of measuring torque, their high cost, integration complexity, sensitivity to external influences, and maintenance requirements highlight the need for more efficient and reliable solutions in the field of powertrain technology for work vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0007] A torque determination system for a drivetrain component of a work vehicle is disclosed. One disclosed embodiment relates to a torque determination system for a drivetrain component of a work vehicle, the drivetrain component having: a housing; intermeshing torque transmission components housed within the housing; and a shaft supporting the intermeshing torque transmission components for rotation about an axis of the shaft, the shaft being connected to the housing for relative rotation and configured to transmit an axial thrust load extending in the direction of the shaft axis from the intermeshing torque transmission components to the housing; a strain sensor mounted to the housing and configured to: sense local strain generated in the housing by the axial thrust load; and output a strain value indicating the local strain; and a control unit having a processing and memory architecture, the control unit being configured to execute logic to: receive strain values ​​from the strain sensor; derive a torque value associated with the intermeshing torque transmission components based on the received strain values; and output the derived torque value for use on the work vehicle. Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one or more computer storage devices, each computer storage device being configured to execute the actions of the method.

[0008] The implementation may include one or more of the following features. In a system where the transmission components include additional meshing torque transmission components and additional shafts, each additional shaft transmits an additional axial thrust load to the housing along its axis, wherein local strain is caused by the axial thrust load and the additional axial thrust load. The axial thrust load and the additional axial thrust load each generate strain force components, and the local strain is the sum of the strain force components. The additional shafts and the additional meshing torque transmission components intersect the housing at different locations along the housing. Strain sensors are located on the housing at locations corresponding to the measured maximum strain point, which is predetermined for the transmission components and the housing. The meshing torque transmission components may include gear sets, and the gear sets include at least one helical gear configured to generate the axial thrust load when torque is applied. The control unit is also configured to compare a derived torque value with a predetermined torque threshold and generate an alarm when the derived torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold. The strain sensor is a piezoelectric sensor designed to output an electrical signal proportional to the strain sensed at the sensor's mounting location. The control unit is configured to: adjust a derived torque value based on a calibration curve correlated with temperature changes measured by a temperature sensor; and output the adjusted torque value for adjusting operating parameters of the work vehicle. The control unit uses the derived torque value to modify the shifting strategy for the work vehicle. The control unit uses the derived torque value to implement a power management protocol for the work vehicle. The control unit uses the derived torque value to predict the lifespan of work vehicle components, or to schedule maintenance or replacement of work vehicle components based on predicted wear and tear inferred from the derived torque. Embodiments of the described techniques may include hardware, methods or processes, or computer software on a computer-accessible medium.

[0009] One general aspect includes a method for determining torque in a work vehicle. The method further includes: sensing local strain generated by an axial thrust load via a strain sensor, the axial thrust load being generated by meshing torque transmission components supported by a shaft within the housing of the work vehicle; outputting a strain value indicating the local strain; receiving the strain value at a control unit; deriving a torque value associated with the meshing torque transmission components based on the received strain value; and outputting the derived torque value for use in operation of the work vehicle. Other embodiments of this aspect include corresponding computer systems, apparatus, and computer programs recorded on one or more computer storage devices, each computer storage device configured to perform actions of the method.

[0010] Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The method may include using a derived torque value to execute a vehicle management strategy, which includes: modifying a shift strategy based on the derived torque; implementing a power management protocol; and predicting the lifespan of vehicle components. The method may include: adjusting the derived torque value based on a calibration curve related to temperature changes measured by a temperature sensor; and outputting the adjusted torque value for adjusting operating parameters of the work vehicle. Local strain may include the summation of strain force components generated by both an axial thrust load and an additional axial thrust load transmitted by an additional shaft and meshing torque transmission components. The method may include: comparing the derived torque value to a predetermined torque threshold; and generating an alarm if the derived torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold. Implementations of the described techniques may include hardware, methods or processes, or computer software on a computer-accessible medium.

[0011] One general aspect includes a torque determination system for a drivetrain of a work vehicle, the drivetrain components comprising: a housing; a plurality of torque transmission components housed within the housing; a plurality of shafts supporting the torque transmission components for rotation about an axis of a corresponding shaft, each shaft being connected to the housing for relative rotation and configured to transmit an axial thrust load to the housing, wherein each axial thrust load is applied to a different location on the housing aligned with the positions of the corresponding shaft and the corresponding torque transmission component, and each axial thrust load generates a strain force on the housing; a strain sensor mounted to the housing and configured to sense the strain generated on the housing by the plurality of shafts and the torque transmission components, wherein the strain is a summation of strain force components caused by other embodiments of the aspect, the aspect including a corresponding computer system, apparatus, and computer program recorded on one or more computer storage devices, each computer storage device being configured to execute the actions of the method.

[0012] Implementations may include one or more of the following features. In this system, the control unit is also configured to monitor strain values ​​that change over time and detect patterns indicating wear or potential failure of torque transmission components, thereby enabling predictive maintenance planning. The strain sensor is a fiber optic strain sensor that utilizes Bragg grating technology to detect localized strain caused by axial thrust loads and provide high-resolution strain measurements to the control unit; and the control unit has a processing and memory architecture configured to: receive strain values ​​from the strain sensor; derive torque values ​​associated with the plurality of torque transmission components based on the strain values; and output the derived torque values ​​for use by the work vehicle. Implementations of the described techniques may include hardware, methods or processes, or computer software on a computer-accessible medium.

[0013] Details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features and advantages will become apparent from the specification, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0014] At least one example of this disclosure will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an exemplary work vehicle that can be used to implement embodiments of this disclosure;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of an exemplary drivetrain component in the form of a transmission.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary transmission system component;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary torque determination system according to the present disclosure; and

[0019] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an exemplary method for implementing a torque determination system according to the present disclosure.

[0020] The same reference numerals in the various figures denote the same elements. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, descriptions and details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments of the invention described in the following detailed description. It should also be understood that, unless otherwise stated, features or elements appearing in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are briefly described above, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications to the exemplary embodiments will be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Overview

[0022] This disclosure relates to solutions to the challenges associated with measuring and managing torque in the drivetrain components of a work vehicle. Accurate torque measurement can be used to optimize vehicle performance, enhance maintenance strategies, and improve overall system reliability. Traditional methods of measuring torque using direct torque sensors are often expensive and may require significant modifications to the vehicle's transmission system. This disclosure describes a torque determination system that utilizes a strain sensor mounted on the transmission housing to infer torque values ​​based on axial thrust loads.

[0023] The disclosed system features strain sensors that measure the strain applied to the housing of transmission components by axial thrust loads generated by internal torque transmission elements, such as helical gears. These sensors provide a cost-effective and less invasive alternative to direct torque sensors and enable the retrofitting of existing transmission systems without significant design changes. The strain sensors capture axial loads, and their outputs can be used to infer torque values, thus eliminating the need for direct access to internal components.

[0024] The placement and calibration of the strain sensor are disclosed to achieve optimal sensitivity and accuracy. The sensor's position on the housing can be determined through empirical testing and calibration to ensure optimal resolution and correlation with actual torque values. The exemplary torque determination system also incorporates a temperature compensation mechanism to account for environmental variations that may affect sensor performance, thereby ensuring accurate torque measurement under different operating conditions.

[0025] The disclosed torque determination system is designed for integration into production environments, providing a practical solution for real-time torque monitoring. This system enhances vehicle performance, facilitates predictive maintenance, and reduces downtime by providing reliable and accurate torque measurements. By addressing the limitations of traditional torque measurement methods, the torque determination system represents a significant advancement in drivetrain technology for work vehicles.

[0026] The following description provides a detailed explanation of the embodiments and should be understood as non-limiting examples in order to better understand this disclosure. An exemplary torque determination system for drivetrain components in a work vehicle.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 An exemplary work vehicle 10, in the form of a self-propelled vehicle (e.g., an agricultural sprayer), houses or otherwise supports a sprayer system 12. The work vehicle 10 can be a manned or autonomous vehicle. As is known, the sprayer system 12 can be primarily implemented to distribute and / or disperse a primary fluid (e.g., fertilizer, pesticide, water, or other fluid) across a geographic area (e.g., a field). The sprayer system 12 may include a fluid source and a pump connected via an arrangement of piping to multiple spray nozzles, the arrangement of which typically corresponds to an array or system of lines, conduits, valves, tanks, etc., that facilitate the flow of the primary fluid (and other fluids) within the sprayer system 12. Typically, the work vehicle 10 may include a frame or chassis 14 supported off the ground by ground-engaging members 16 (e.g., wheels or tracks) and supporting a cab 18.

[0028] Now for joint reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 It shows Figure 1The transmission system component 20 of the work vehicle. In this example, the transmission system component 20 is a transmission, but the torque determination system disclosed herein is not limited to those included in a transmission.

[0029] The transmission system component 20 typically includes a housing 22, a meshing torque transmission component 24 housed within the housing 22, and a shaft 26 supporting the meshing torque transmission component 24 for rotation about an axis 28 of the shaft. For example, the shaft 26 applies a torque force T1 relative to the axis 28 of the shaft.

[0030] Shaft 26 is connected to housing 22 for relative rotation and is configured to transmit axial thrust load 30 extending in the direction of shaft axis 28 from intermeshing torque transmission member 24 to housing 22.

[0031] In some embodiments, the meshing torque transmission components 24 include a gear set 32, which includes at least one helical gear configured to generate an axial thrust load 30 when a torque force T1 is applied. Helical gears are known for their efficiency and smooth operation, making them useful in work vehicle drivetrain systems. The angled teeth of the helical gear gradually engage and generate an axial thrust load 30 along the axis 28 of the shaft. This axial thrust load is transmitted to the housing 22 as a strain force component S1 detected by the strain sensor 36.

[0032] The design of helical gears generates axial forces due to the helix angle of the gear teeth. For example, in a typical gear set with helical gears, as a torque force T1 is applied to the gear set via shaft 26, the teeth of the helical gears gradually engage. This engagement generates a force not only perpendicular to the gear face but also parallel to the gear axis, resulting in an axial thrust load 30. This load is then transmitted to the housing 22 via shaft 26, thereby causing a strain force component S1 measured by strain sensor 36.

[0033] Consider practical applications in heavy-duty work vehicles such as tractors. A tractor's transmission can include multiple helical gears in its gear set to handle various loads and speeds. When the tractor operates under heavy load conditions, the torque applied to the helical gears increases, resulting in higher axial thrust loads. Strain sensors 36, mounted on housing 22, detect the strain generated by these axial thrust loads and send the strain values ​​to the control unit. The control unit, discussed below, processes these values ​​to derive accurate torque measurements used to optimize tractor performance, ensure efficient power delivery, and prevent mechanical failure.

[0034] A strain sensor 36 can be mounted to the housing 22 and outputs the strain value to the control unit 38. Typically, the strain sensor 36 can sense the local strain S1 generated in the housing 22. The control unit 38 can use the local strain S1 to determine the torque value generated in the housing 22 due to torque generating components (such as meshing torque transmission components 24) located in the housing 22.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the torque determination system disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the torque determination system includes a strain sensor 36, a control unit 38, and a temperature sensor 40.

[0036] The strain sensor 36 is designed to measure torque by detecting localized strain caused by axial thrust loads in the drivetrain components of the work vehicle. An example of the strain sensor 36 is a piezoelectric type, which generates an electrical signal proportional to the strain sensed at the sensor's mounting location. Piezoelectric strain sensors are known for their high sensitivity and ability to provide accurate measurements under dynamic conditions, making them suitable for real-time torque monitoring in work vehicles.

[0037] Another type of strain sensor 36 is the fiber optic strain sensor, which utilizes Bragg grating technology to detect strain. This type of sensor offers high resolution and accuracy, as well as immunity to electromagnetic interference, which can be particularly beneficial in the electrical noise environment of a vehicle's transmission. Fiber optic strain sensors are also capable of operating over a wide temperature range, thus ensuring reliable performance under varying environmental conditions.

[0038] The extensometer strain sensor is another embodiment that uses two strain gauges for temperature compensation. This design minimizes the impact of temperature fluctuations on strain measurements, thus ensuring consistent accuracy. The extensometer is easy to install and remove, making it a cost-effective option for retrofitting existing transmission systems without extensive modifications.

[0039] A temperature compensation mechanism is also used in conjunction with strain sensor 36. Temperature variations can significantly affect strain measurements, therefore the sensor is equipped with features to mitigate these effects. For example, the elongator strain sensor includes built-in temperature compensation to maintain accuracy under varying operating conditions.

[0040] In summary, the disclosed strain sensor platform can encompass a range of technologies, including piezoelectric, fiber optic, and extensometer types, each offering unique benefits for torque measurement in operational vehicles. The integration of these sensors into housing 22, along with careful placement and temperature compensation, ensures reliable and accurate torque monitoring based on measured strain values.

[0041] As described above, some strain sensors include temperature sensors. However, a separate temperature sensor 40 can also be used in conjunction with strain sensor 36. This method involves placing temperature sensor 40 near strain sensor 36 on housing 22. Temperature sensor 40 continuously (or periodically) monitors the local temperature, and the data is used by control unit 38 to adjust the derived torque value based on a calibration curve related to temperature changes. One approach improves the accuracy of torque measurement by separately considering the thermal effects on strain readings.

[0042] The strain-based torque measurement disclosed above can be used for various relevant operations of the work vehicle. In some embodiments, the control unit 38 is configured to compare the derived torque value with a predetermined torque threshold and generate an alarm when the derived torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold. This feature provides proactive maintenance and safety management of the work vehicle. By setting a specific torque threshold, the torque determination system can identify when the torque level reaches a critical limit that may indicate a potential mechanical problem or impending component failure.

[0043] For example, in heavy-duty mining trucks, drivetrain components, including gears and shafts, are subjected to extreme stress and high torque loads during operation. Control unit 38 continuously monitors the torque value derived from strain sensor 36. Assuming a torque threshold is set to 10,000 Nm, this represents the maximum safe operating limit of the truck's transmission system. If the derived torque value exceeds this threshold, control unit 38 immediately generates an alarm. This alarm can be displayed on the vehicle's dashboard or trigger an automatic response to notify the operator, such as reducing engine power or adjusting gear shifts to alleviate further stress on the drivetrain.

[0044] Similarly, in agricultural harvesters operating under varying load conditions, the ability to monitor and respond to torque levels is essential. Assume the harvester's torque threshold is set at 7,500 Nm. When the harvester encounters different types of crops and soil conditions, the torque on the drivetrain may fluctuate significantly. A control unit 38, equipped with logic to handle these variations, compares real-time torque data with a predetermined threshold. If an excessive torque value, such as 8,200 Nm, is detected, the system generates an alarm indicating possible overload or mechanical strain. This alarm can prompt the operator to slow down or adjust the harvesting speed, thereby preventing damage to transmission components and ensuring continuous, efficient operation.

[0045] The ability of control unit 38 to generate alarms based on torque thresholds improves the overall reliability and safety of the work vehicle. This allows operators to manage their equipment more effectively, reducing the risk of unexpected failures and extending the life of drivetrain components. Additionally, this feature supports the implementation of predictive maintenance programs, where alarms can trigger inspection and maintenance activities before significant problems occur, ensuring optimal performance and reducing downtime. In summary, the integration of torque threshold comparison and alarm generation in control unit 38 enhances modern work vehicles, providing real-time monitoring and immediate response capabilities to maintain operational efficiency and safety. These torque-derived systems not only protect the mechanical integrity of the vehicle but also optimize the service life and performance of work vehicle 10.

[0046] In an embodiment where the transmission system component 20 includes multiple meshing torque transmission components (such as meshing torque transmission components 50) and additional shafts (such as shaft 52), each additional shaft is configured to transmit an additional axial thrust load 56 to the housing 22 along the axis 54 of the respective shaft and generate an additional strain force component S2.

[0047] In some embodiments, the additional shaft 52 and the additional meshing torque transmission component 50 intersect the housing 22 at different locations along the housing, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the torque transmission component 24 is located at a certain distance from the meshing torque transmission components 50.

[0048] The placement of strain sensor 36 ensures that it can accurately detect the local strain generated by these additional components. In other words, strain sensor 36 can capture the summation of strain force components, including the individual strain force components S1 and S2 generated by each axial thrust load 30 and 56.

[0049] By measuring individual local strain values ​​representing these different strains, the control unit 38 can process the data to derive a comprehensive torque value that reflects the cumulative effect of all meshing torque transmission components 24 and 50 and their corresponding shafts 26 and 52 on the drivetrain components 20. This method improves the accuracy of torque measurement and ensures the reliable performance of the vehicle's drivetrain system. Simply put, strain sensors 36 mounted on housing 22 detect the local strain resulting from the summation of strain components caused by both the axial thrust load 30 and the additional axial thrust load 56.

[0050] As described above, to improve the accuracy of the derived torque value, the system may include a temperature sensor 40 to monitor the local temperature of the housing 22. The temperature sensor 40 provides temperature data to the control unit 38, which adjusts the strain value from the strain sensor 36 based on the detected temperature. This adjustment compensates for any temperature-induced variations in the strain measurement, thereby ensuring consistent accuracy across different operating conditions.

[0051] In some embodiments, the control unit 38 is configured to improve the operational safety and maintenance efficiency of the work vehicle by implementing a monitoring system that compares a derived torque value with a predetermined torque threshold and generates an alarm when the derived torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold. This feature is useful for identifying potential problems before they escalate into significant issues, thereby ensuring that the vehicle operates safely and within optimal parameters.

[0052] Consider an example applied to construction equipment such as excavators (exemplary work vehicles). These machines rely on precise torque management for tasks such as lifting and digging. The control unit 38 in the excavator's torque determination system may have a threshold set to 12,000 Nm. During operation, if the derived torque value exceeds this threshold, for example, reaching 12,500 Nm, the control unit 38 generates an alarm that can be displayed on the work vehicle's display 42. This immediate feedback allows the operator to take corrective actions, such as temporarily redistributing the load or stopping operation, to ensure the equipment remains within safe operating limits and to prevent excessive stress on drivetrain components.

[0053] In some embodiments, control unit 38 utilizes derived torque values ​​to implement power management protocols for the work vehicle. This approach ensures the vehicle operates at optimal efficiency by adjusting power distribution based on real-time torque data. For example, in a heavy-duty tractor performing various agricultural tasks, control unit 38 continuously monitors torque values ​​derived from strain sensor 36. If the derived torque value indicates the tractor is operating under high load, control unit 38 can adjust the power output to drivetrain 44 to ensure the engine delivers sufficient power without overloading the system. Conversely, when the torque value indicates a lower load, control unit 38 can reduce power output, thereby saving fuel and reducing wear on engine and drivetrain components. This dynamic power management not only improves the performance and efficiency of the tractor but also extends the service life of its components.

[0054] In other embodiments, control unit 38 uses derived torque values ​​to predict the lifespan of work vehicle components and schedules maintenance or replacement based on predicted wear and tear inferred from the derived torque. For example, in a construction excavator, control unit 38 analyzes torque data that changes over time to identify patterns indicating gradual deterioration of components such as gears, shafts, or bearings. By establishing a correlation between torque values ​​and the expected lifespan of these components, control unit 38 can predict when components may need replacement. If the torque value indicates that a particular component is experiencing stresses above normal, control unit 38 can schedule maintenance or replacement before a failure occurs. This predictive maintenance approach minimizes downtime and avoids unexpected failures, ensuring the excavator remains operational and efficient. By utilizing real-time torque data, control unit 38 helps optimize maintenance planning, reduce repair costs, and improve the overall reliability of the work vehicle. In some examples, control unit 38 can transmit data to service provider 46 via a network. The data may include messages related to planned maintenance or replacement of parts of work vehicle 10.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an exemplary method that can be executed by the control unit of this disclosure. The method may include step 58: sensing, via a strain sensor, local strain caused by an axial thrust load generated by intermeshing torque transmission components supported by a shaft within the housing of a work vehicle. When the intermeshing torque transmission components, such as helical gears, are operated, they generate an axial thrust load along the shaft. This load results in local strain within the housing. The strain sensor detects this strain, thereby capturing the mechanical deformation in the housing sidewalls caused by the axial thrust load.

[0056] The method further includes step 60: outputting a strain value indicating local strain. Once the strain sensor detects local strain, it converts the mechanical deformation into an electrical signal. This signal, indicating the strain amplitude, is then output as a strain value. This strain value represents the amount of deformation sensed in the housing due to the axial thrust load, thus providing a quantifiable measurement of strain for further processing.

[0057] In some cases, the method includes step 62: receiving strain values ​​at the control unit. The strain values ​​output by the strain sensor are transmitted to the control unit. The control unit is equipped with a processor and memory architecture capable of processing and analyzing the incoming data. Upon receiving the strain value, the control unit stores the data for further calculation and analysis. This step ensures that strain information is captured and available for subsequent processing.

[0058] The method may further include step 64: deriving a torque value associated with the meshing torque transmission components based on the received strain values. In the case of receiving and storing strain values, the control unit employs algorithms to derive the torque value. These algorithms use the relationship between the measured strain and the torque generated by the meshing torque transmission components. By analyzing the strain data, the control unit calculates the corresponding torque value. This derived torque value accurately reflects the amount of torque transmitted through the meshing components.

[0059] In some implementations, the method may include step 66: outputting the derived torque value for use in the operation of the work vehicle. That is, the control unit outputs the derived torque value, making it available to the work vehicle's operating system. This torque value can be used for various purposes, such as adjusting power management protocols, notifying shift strategies, or triggering maintenance alarms. Determining the placement of the strain sensor on the housing

[0060] Return to reference Figures 2 to 4 The placement of the strain sensor 36 on the housing 22 is a key factor in ensuring accurate and reliable torque measurement. Given the unique configuration of each type of transmission component, the position and placement of the strain sensor are determined through an empirical process during manufacturing.

[0061] Determining the optimal location for the strain sensor involves a thorough understanding of the mechanical stresses and strains sensed by the housing during operation. The goal is to position the strain sensor at the point where the strain caused by the axial thrust loads from the meshing torque transmission components is most significant and can be measured with the highest sensitivity and accuracy.

[0062] To determine the optimal placement of strain sensor 36, a finite element analysis (FEA) of the housing 22 can be performed. FEA is a computational tool used to simulate and analyze the physical behavior of a structure under various loading conditions. By applying anticipated axial thrust loads and torque forces in the simulation, engineers can observe the distribution of stress and strain throughout the housing. The results of this analysis reveal regions of the housing where the highest levels of localized strain are sensed.

[0063] Once high-strain areas are identified via FEA, empirical tests are performed to validate the simulation results. These tests involve applying known loads to the drivetrain components and using temporary strain sensors to measure the actual strain at various locations on the housing. By comparing the measured strain values ​​with the predicted values ​​from the FEA, the accuracy of the simulation can be confirmed, and the placement strategy for strain sensors 36 can be refined.

[0064] For example, in a work vehicle transmission system, housing 22 may have multiple potential locations for mounting strain sensor 36. FEA can indicate higher strain concentration in certain areas near the mounting point on shaft 26 (where axial thrust load is transmitted). These areas are then subjected to further empirical testing to ensure that strain readings are consistent and provide a clear correlation with the applied torque.

[0065] In addition, the placement of the strain sensor 36 must take into account practical factors such as accessibility, ease of installation, and protection from environmental factors. The chosen location allows for a secure attachment of the strain sensor and minimizes potential damage from debris, extreme temperatures, or other harsh operating conditions.

[0066] By combining advanced simulation techniques with empirical testing, the optimal placement of the strain sensor 36 on the housing 22 can be determined. This precise placement ensures that the sensor accurately captures the local strain caused by the axial thrust load, thereby providing reliable data to the control unit 38 to derive the torque value. in conclusion

[0067] This disclosure outlines a torque determination system for transmission components in work vehicles, which utilizes a strain sensor to measure torque based on axial thrust load. The proposed torque determination system provides a cost-effective and less invasive alternative to conventional torque sensors, addressing significant challenges in torque measurement and vehicle maintenance. By positioning the strain sensor on the housing, the torque determination system captures the axial load generated by the torque transmission components, enabling accurate and reliable torque measurement without direct access to internal components.

[0068] The integration of strain sensors ensures optimal sensitivity and accuracy, with careful calibration and placement determined through empirical testing. Furthermore, the torque determination system incorporates a temperature compensation mechanism to maintain performance under varying environmental conditions, further enhancing the reliability of torque measurements. These features collectively contribute to a more efficient and robust torque measurement system, facilitating real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance. The disclosed torque determination system not only improves vehicle performance and reduces downtime but also supports the lifespan and continuous operation of work vehicles in harsh environments.

[0069] As used herein, unless otherwise limited or modified, a list of elements separated by connecting terms (e.g., “and”) and preceded by the phrase “one or more” or “at least one” indicates a configuration or arrangement of the individual elements of the list, or any combination thereof. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” or “one or more of A, B, and C” indicates the possibility of only A, only B, only C, or any combination of two or more of A, B, and C (e.g., A and B; B and C; A and C; or A, B, and C). Moreover, the use of “one or more” or “at least one” in a claim concerning certain elements does not imply that the other elements are singular, nor does it have any other effect on the elements of the other claims.

[0070] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that, when used in this specification, the terms “comprising” and / or “including” specify the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0071] The description of this disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the disclosure. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. The embodiments expressly referenced herein were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of this disclosure and its practical application, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this disclosure and recognize the many alternatives, modifications, and variations to the described examples(s). Therefore, various embodiments and implementations other than those expressly described are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A torque determination system for a transmission system of a work vehicle (10), the torque determination system comprising: Transmission system component (20), the transmission system component having: Shell (22); Intermeshing torque transmission components (24, 50) housed within the housing (22); and A shaft (26, 52) supports the meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) for rotation about the axis of the shaft (26, 52), the shaft (26, 52) is connected to the housing (22) for relative rotation, and the shaft is configured to transmit an axial thrust load (30, 56) extending in the direction of the axis of the shaft (26, 52) from the meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) to the housing (22). Strain sensor (36), which is mounted to the housing (22) and configured to: Sensing the local strain generated in the housing (22) by the axial thrust load (30, 56); and The output indicates the strain value of the local strain; and A control unit (38) having a processing and memory architecture, the control unit being configured to execute logic to: The strain value is received from the strain sensor (36); Based on the received strain value, the torque value associated with the meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) is derived. as well as The exported torque value is output for use on the work vehicle (10).

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission system component (20) includes additional meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) and additional shafts (26, 52), each of which transmits an additional axial thrust load to the housing (22) along the axis of the additional shaft (26, 52), wherein the local strain is caused by the axial thrust load (30, 56) and the additional axial thrust load.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein, The axial thrust load (30, 56) and the additional axial thrust load each generate strain force components, and the local strain is the sum of the strain force components, wherein the additional shaft (26, 52) and the additional meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) intersect the housing (22) at different locations along the housing (22).

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The strain sensor (36) is located on the housing (22) at a position corresponding to the measured maximum strain point, which is predetermined for the transmission components (20) and the housing (22), and wherein the meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) include a gear set (32), and the gear set (32) includes at least one helical gear configured to generate the axial thrust load (30, 56) when torque is applied.

5. The system according to claim 1, in, The control unit (38) is also configured to compare the derived torque value with a predetermined torque threshold, and to generate an alarm when the derived torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold. The strain sensor (36) is a piezoelectric sensor designed to output an electrical signal proportional to the local strain sensed at the mounting location of the strain sensor (36).

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit (38) is configured to: The derived torque value is adjusted based on a calibration curve relating to temperature changes measured by temperature sensor (40); as well as The adjusted torque value is output to adjust the operating parameters of the work vehicle (10); as well as The derived torque value is used to modify the shifting strategy for the work vehicle (10).

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The control unit (38) uses the derived torque value to implement a power management protocol for the work vehicle (10), and wherein the control unit (38) uses the derived torque value to predict the lifespan of the work vehicle (10) components, or to schedule maintenance or replacement of the work vehicle (10) components based on predicted wear and tear inferred from the derived torque.

8. A method for determining torque in a work vehicle (10), the method comprising: Local strain generated by axial thrust loads (30, 56) is sensed by strain sensors (36), which are generated by meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) supported by shafts (26, 52) within the housing (22) of the work vehicle (10). Output the strain value indicating the local strain; The strain value is received at the control unit (38); Based on the received strain value, the torque value associated with the meshing torque transmission components (24, 50) is derived. as well as The exported torque value is output for use in the operation of the work vehicle (10).

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising using the derived torque value to execute a vehicle management strategy, the vehicle management strategy comprising: Based on the derived torque-modified shift strategy; Implement power management protocol; as well as Predict the lifespan of vehicle components.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: The torque value is adjusted based on a calibration curve relating to temperature changes measured by temperature sensor (40); as well as The adjusted torque value is output to adjust the operating parameters of the work vehicle (10); The derived torque value is compared with a predetermined torque threshold. as well as An alarm is generated if the exported torque value exceeds the predetermined torque threshold.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The local strain comprises the sum of strain force components generated by the axial thrust load (30, 56) and an additional axial thrust load transmitted by an additional shaft (26, 52) and a meshing torque transmission component (24, 50).

12. A torque determination system for the transmission system of a work vehicle (10), comprising: Transmission system component (20), the transmission system component comprising: Shell (22); Multiple torque transmission components (24) are housed within the housing (22). Multiple shafts (26) support the torque transmission component (24) to rotate about the axis of a corresponding shaft (26, 52), each shaft (26, 52) is connected to the housing (22) for relative rotation, and each shaft is configured to transmit an axial thrust load to the housing (22), wherein each axial thrust load (30, 56) is applied to the housing (22) at a corresponding different location aligned with the position of the corresponding shaft (26, 52) and the corresponding torque transmission component (24), and each axial thrust load (30, 56) generates a strain force on the housing (22); A strain sensor (36) is mounted to a housing (22) and configured to sense strain generated on the housing (22) by multiple shafts (26) and a torque transmission component (24), wherein the strain is the sum of strain force components caused by the axial thrust load applied at different locations, and the strain sensor (36) outputs a strain value; and A control unit (38) having a processing and memory architecture, the control unit being configured to: The strain value is received from the strain sensor (36); Based on the strain value, the torque value associated with the plurality of torque transmission components is derived; and The exported torque value is output for use in the work vehicle (10).

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein, The control unit (38) is also configured to monitor the strain value as it changes over time and to detect patterns that indicate wear or potential failure of the torque transmission component (24).

14. The system according to claim 12, wherein, The strain force comprises the sum of strain force components generated by the axial thrust load (30, 56) and an additional axial thrust load, which is transmitted by an additional shaft (26, 52) and a meshing torque transmission component (24, 50).

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