A communication method and a communication device

Abstract

The application discloses a communication method and a communication device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: a terminal device measures a first reference signal to obtain a first channel matrix; a residual channel matrix is determined based on the first channel matrix and a first anchor point channel matrix; the residual channel matrix is compressed to obtain a first compressed bit stream; then, the terminal device sends the first compressed bit stream to a network device, and the first compressed bit stream is used for reconstructing the first channel matrix by the network device; the terminal device sets the first channel matrix as the first anchor point channel matrix without receiving a reset instruction from the network device; or sets an initial anchor point channel matrix as the first anchor point channel matrix after receiving the reset instruction from the network device. Through the application, the feedback overhead and the processing complexity of the terminal device are reduced, closed-loop feedback is realized, the communication efficiency is improved, and the stability of the system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] Channel state information (CSI) is a key parameter in wireless communication systems used to describe the characteristics of wireless channels. It provides information on signal attenuation, phase changes, multipath effects, and other factors experienced during transmission. CSI feedback refers to the process by which terminal devices feed back their estimated CSI to network devices. Based on the CSI feedback, network devices can allocate resources and process signals more effectively, thereby improving spectral efficiency and communication performance.

[0003] To further improve the accuracy and efficiency of CSI feedback, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) technologies have been introduced. Through deep learning models deployed on both the terminal and network sides, intelligent compression and reconstruction of CSI are achieved. Currently, in AI / ML CSI feedback, since the original channel matrix can fully represent the characteristics of the channel signal and is an ideal basis for network devices to accurately optimize transmission, direct compression and feedback of the original channel matrix can be considered. However, the original channel matrix contains a huge amount of information, especially in multi-antenna scenarios where its dimension increases linearly with the number of antenna ports and subcarriers. This leads to a surge in feedback overhead, affecting communication efficiency and reducing system stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a communication method and a communication device. Based on the method described in this application, it is beneficial to reduce feedback overhead, improve communication efficiency, and ensure system stability.

[0005] Firstly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method that can be applied to a terminal side, such as a terminal device or a communication module / processing module within the terminal device, or a circuit or chip in the terminal device responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or a circuit or chip in the terminal device responsible for processing functions (such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)). Taking the application of this method to a terminal device as an example, in this method:

[0006] The terminal device measures the first reference signal and obtains the first channel matrix;

[0007] The terminal device determines the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix; the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​either the reference channel matrix or the second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bit stream;

[0008] The terminal device compresses the residual channel matrix to obtain the first compressed bit stream;

[0009] The terminal device sends a first compressed bit stream to the network device, which is used to reconstruct the first channel matrix;

[0010] If the terminal device does not receive a reset instruction from the network device, it sets the first channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix; or, if the terminal device receives a reset instruction from the network device, it sets the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix.

[0011] Using the above method, a shared first anchor point channel matrix is ​​established between the terminal device and the network device. The terminal device does not need to report the complete first channel matrix obtained from the current measurement. Instead, it uses the first anchor point channel matrix to transform the high-entropy first channel matrix into a low-entropy residual channel matrix. Then, it uses an artificial intelligence (AI) encoder to compress the residual channel matrix before reporting it. This fundamentally reduces the information entropy of the source to be compressed, allowing the AI ​​encoder to achieve higher reconstruction accuracy with the same bit budget, or to use fewer bits with the same accuracy requirements. This helps to reduce the channel state information (CSI) feedback overhead and the processing complexity of the terminal device, while also improving the accuracy of channel reconstruction and communication efficiency. In addition, if the terminal device does not receive a reset command from the network device, it can assume that the network device has successfully reconstructed the channel matrix and use the successfully reconstructed channel matrix as the next anchor channel matrix, thereby achieving closed-loop feedback, which is beneficial to improving the robustness of the system and also to improving the accuracy of channel estimation, making it closer to the real channel. If the terminal device receives a reset command from the network device, it can assume that the network device has failed to reconstruct the channel matrix, and in this case, resetting the anchor channel matrix is ​​beneficial to ensuring the stability of the system.

[0012] It should be noted that, in order to ensure transparency to the terminal devices, the prior information already available on the network device side (such as information obtained through SRS measurement) is not directly used by the terminal devices. Instead, the prior information already available on the network device side is implicitly contained in the first anchor point channel matrix on the network device side. This allows for an efficient combination of the real-time channel measurement on the terminal device side and the prior information already available on the network device side in the first anchor point channel matrix during the next channel matrix reconstruction. This mechanism is essentially a distributed, implicit channel information coordination scheme that utilizes both the long-term channel statistical characteristics of the network side and the instantaneous measurement of the terminal side, thereby improving overall efficiency and accuracy.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a reference channel matrix. Before the terminal device determines the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the method further includes: the terminal device acquiring an initial anchor channel matrix; the terminal device measuring a second reference signal to obtain the reference channel matrix; the terminal device sending the reference channel matrix to the network device; if no reset instruction is received from the network device, the terminal device setting the reference channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix; or, if a reset instruction is received from the network device, the terminal device setting the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0014] This can be understood as follows: when initializing the first anchor channel matrix, the terminal device needs to report the full reference channel matrix. If the network device successfully decodes the data, the reference channel matrix is ​​used as the first anchor channel matrix. Establishing the reference for the first anchor channel matrix in this way helps to improve the accuracy of channel estimation and more closely approximate the real channel.

[0015] It should be noted that the "initial anchor channel matrix" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a default matrix pre-agreed between the terminal device and the network device for system reset, which may be, for example, a zero matrix. The "reference channel matrix" refers to the complete channel matrix that is actually measured and reported by the terminal device for the first time during the initialization phase of the first anchor channel matrix. This matrix is ​​used to establish the first effective first anchor channel matrix that reflects the real channel conditions.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first compressed bitstream carries first information; the first information also carries one or more of the following: a reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information;

[0017] The reference channel identifier is configured by the network device and is used to synchronize the status of the anchor reference channel corresponding to the first anchor channel matrix; the anchor quality indication information is used to indicate the quality of the first anchor channel matrix; and the payload size indication information is used to indicate the payload size of the first compressed bit stream.

[0018] This can be understood as the terminal device sending the first compressed bit stream, reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information to the network device together. This is beneficial for the network device to reconstruct the channel matrix and clarify the quality of the first anchor channel matrix, which helps to ensure the robustness of the feedback system.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the terminal device receiving a reset command from the network device in at least one of the following situations:

[0020] The network device failed the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) on the first compressed bitstream; or,

[0021] The anchor point quality indicator indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​severely aged; or...

[0022] The effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​exceeded.

[0023] This can be understood as follows: If the network device fails to perform a CRC check on the first compressed bitstream, it indicates an error in the transmission or decoding of the first channel matrix. The network device cannot reconstruct the first channel matrix, and in this case, it needs to send a reset command to the terminal device to reset the first anchor channel matrix to ensure system stability. When the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​severely aged, it is essentially ineffective, and the residual energy is close to the current total channel energy. In this case, the network device also needs to send a reset command to the terminal device to reset the first anchor channel matrix to ensure system stability. When the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​exceeded, it indicates that the first anchor channel matrix has failed (its lifespan has ended). In this case, the network device also needs to send a reset command to the terminal device to reset the first anchor channel matrix to ensure system stability.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: version information of the first anchor channel matrix, time information of the first anchor channel matrix, a reset flag, parameter value of the time alignment function, sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or validity period of the first anchor channel matrix. This approach facilitates the synchronization of the state of the first anchor channel matrix between terminal devices and network devices, ensuring the accuracy of channel information feedback.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the anchor quality indication information indicates whether the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy, normal, warning, or severely aged.

[0026] In one possible implementation, if the residual energy ratio is less than a first threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy; or...

[0027] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, the anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​normal; or,

[0028] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the third threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a warning; or,

[0029] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the third threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​severely aged.

[0030] The residual energy ratio is determined based on the first channel matrix and the residual channel matrix.

[0031] This approach helps ensure the reliability of anchor point quality indication information and the stability of the system.

[0032] In one possible implementation, when the terminal device determines the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the specific implementation method may be:

[0033] The terminal device processes the first anchor channel matrix based on a time alignment function to obtain a second anchor channel matrix; the second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the network device to reconstruct the channel matrix; the terminal device determines the residual channel matrix between the second anchor channel matrix and the first channel matrix.

[0034] This can be understood as follows: before calculating the residual channel matrix, the terminal device needs to use a time alignment function to time-align the first anchor channel matrix to obtain the second anchor channel matrix. Then, the residual channel matrix is ​​calculated using the second anchor channel matrix and the first channel matrix. This method allows the network device to use the same time alignment function to time-align the first anchor channel matrix when reconstructing the first channel matrix, thereby enabling a more accurate reconstruction of the first channel matrix.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the first channel matrix includes the original channel matrix and / or the precoding matrix.

[0036] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method that can be applied to the network side, such as a network device or a communication module / processing module within a network device, or a circuit or chip in the network device responsible for communication functions (such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), or a circuit or chip in the network device responsible for processing functions (such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), an artificial intelligence (AI) processor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)). Taking the application of this method to a network device as an example, in this method:

[0037] The network device receives the first compressed bitstream from the terminal device;

[0038] The network device decodes the first compressed bitstream to obtain the residual channel matrix.

[0039] The network device reconstructs a first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix; the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​either a reference channel matrix or a second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the compressed bit stream reported by the terminal device in the previous operation;

[0040] If the network device successfully reconstructs the first channel matrix, it will set the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the beneficial effects of possible implementations of the second aspect can be referred to the beneficial effects of possible implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a reference channel matrix. Before the network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the method further includes: the network device obtaining an initial anchor channel matrix; the network device receiving a reference channel matrix from a terminal device; if the reference channel matrix is ​​successfully decoded, the network device setting the reference channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix; or, if the reference channel matrix fails to be decoded, the network device setting the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the first compressed bitstream carries first information; the first information also carries one or more of the following: a reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information;

[0044] The reference channel identifier is configured by the network device to the terminal device and is used to synchronize the state of the anchor reference channel corresponding to the first anchor channel matrix; the anchor quality indication information is used to indicate the quality of the first anchor channel matrix; and the payload size indication information is used to indicate the payload size of the first compressed bit stream.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the network device sending a reset command to the terminal device and setting the initial anchor channel matrix to a first anchor channel matrix in at least one of the following cases:

[0046] The network device failed the CRC check on the first compressed bitstream; or,

[0047] The anchor point quality indicator indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​severely aged; or...

[0048] The effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​exceeded.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: version information of the first anchor channel matrix, time information of the first anchor channel matrix, reset flag, parameter value of the time alignment function, sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or validity duration of the first anchor channel matrix.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the anchor quality indication information indicates whether the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy, normal, warning, or severely aged.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: when the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a warning, the network device reduces the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix.

[0052] In one possible implementation, when the network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix, the specific implementation method may be:

[0053] The network device processes the first anchor channel matrix based on a time alignment function to obtain a second anchor channel matrix; the second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the terminal device to determine the residual channel matrix; the network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the second anchor channel matrix and the residual channel matrix.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the first channel matrix includes the original channel matrix and / or the precoding matrix.

[0055] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device that has the functions of implementing the first or second aspect described above, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect. For example, the communication device includes modules, units, or means that perform the operations involved in the first or second aspect described above, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect. These modules, units, or means can be implemented by software, by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0056] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including a processing circuit for executing the methods of the first aspect or the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof. The processing circuit executes a program stored in a memory, and when the program is executed, the methods of the first aspect or the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof, are executed.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned communication device.

[0059] In this embodiment, the processing circuitry and memory can also be integrated into a single device; that is, the processing circuitry and memory can be integrated together. For example, the communication device can be a chip.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a transceiver circuit for receiving information (or inputting information) or sending information (or outputting information).

[0061] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, which includes a processing circuit and a transceiver circuit. The processing circuit can be a logic circuit, and the transceiver circuit can be an interface circuit. The logic circuit and the interface circuit are coupled. The interface circuit is used to input and / or output information, and the logic circuit is used to execute the method of the first aspect or the second aspect, or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0062] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a processing circuit and an interface circuit, the processing circuit and the interface circuit being coupled; the interface circuit is used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the processing circuit is used for executing code instructions to cause the method shown in the first aspect or the second aspect above, or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect, to be executed.

[0063] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the methods shown in the first or second aspect above, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect, to be executed.

[0064] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the methods shown in the first or second aspect above, or any possible implementation of the first or second aspect, to be executed.

[0065] Ninthly, this application provides a communication system including a terminal device and a network device. The terminal device is used to perform the method shown in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, and the network device is used to perform the method shown in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework in a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework in a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of a traditional CSI feedback mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of an AI / ML-based CSI feedback mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used only to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0077] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0078] In this application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, "more than" refers to two or more, "at least two (items)" refers to two or three or more, and "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. "Or" indicates that there can be two relationships, such as only A exists and only B exists; when A and B are not mutually exclusive, it can also mean that there are three relationships, such as only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c".

[0079] In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which can include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which can include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY via the air interface from other units or modules. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via buses, traces, or interfaces.

[0080] To better understand the embodiments of this application, the communication system involved in the embodiments of this application will be described below:

[0081] The method provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: wireless local area network (WLAN) communication systems, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) communication systems, long-term evolution (LTE) systems, internet of things (IoT) systems, ambient IoT (A-IoT) systems, narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, fourth-generation (4G) systems, fifth-generation (5G) systems, or new radio (NR) systems, and other future communication systems, such as sixth-generation (6G) systems. Among these, IoT networks may include, but are not limited to, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. The communication methods in V2X systems can be collectively referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X), where X can represent anything. For example, V2X can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication, or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication. The method provided in this application also supports communication systems that integrate multiple wireless technologies. For example, it can be applied to systems that integrate non-terrestrial networks (NTN) with terrestrial mobile communication networks, such as drones, satellite communication systems, and high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication. Additionally, it can be applied to low-frequency (sub-6GHz) and high-frequency (above 6GHz) communication scenarios. It is understood that the system architecture described in this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0082] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The communication system includes at least one network device and at least one terminal device. Figure 1 The example uses network equipment and multiple terminal devices. These terminal devices can be cellular phones, smartphones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radio devices, GPS devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and / or any other suitable devices for communication over wireless communication systems, all of which can connect to the network equipment. These terminal devices are all capable of communicating with the network equipment. Of course, Figure 1 The number of terminal devices and network devices listed is just an example; there could be fewer or more. The following sections will discuss these separately. Figure 1 The terminal equipment and network equipment involved in the communication system are described in detail.

[0083] I. Terminal Equipment

[0084] The terminal device mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. The terminal device can communicate with access network equipment (or access devices or network devices) in a radio access network (RAN). The terminal device can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, user agent, or user device, etc. In one possible implementation, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; or it can be deployed on water, including ships; or it can be deployed in the air, such as on airplanes, balloons, or satellites. In another possible implementation, the terminal device can be a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, vehicle-mounted device, wearable device, sensor, terminal in the Internet of Things (IoT), device in A-IoT, drone, or any form of terminal device in a 5G network or future network (such as 6G), etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. In another possible implementation, the terminal device can also be a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc.

[0085] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal device or used in conjunction with the terminal device. In this application embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips or can include chips and other discrete devices. For ease of description, when examples are mentioned below, the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment are described using the UE as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device.

[0086] II. Network Equipment

[0087] The network device mentioned in this application embodiment can be a device deployed in a radio access network to provide wireless communication services to terminal devices. This network device can also be referred to as an access network device, access equipment, RAN node, or RAN device, etc. Exemplarily, the network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), or a network device in future communications (such as 6G communications), etc. The network device can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities, including but not limited to the base stations shown above (including base stations deployed on satellites). The network device can also be a device with base station functionality in 6G. As an example, the network device can be an access node, wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, etc., in a wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) system. As another example, the network device can be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. As yet another example, the network device can be a wearable device or in-vehicle device capable of providing wireless communication services, etc. As another example, the network device can also be a small station, a transmission reception point (TRP) (or a transmission point), etc. The network device can also be a master station, a secondary station, a motor slide retainer (MSR) node, a home base station, an access point (AP), a baseband unit (BBU), a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), a remote radio head (RRH), a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a positioning node, etc. In systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of devices with network device functions may vary; these will not be listed individually in the embodiments of this application.

[0088] Network devices can be fixed or mobile. For example, a helicopter or drone can be configured to act as a mobile network device, and one or more cells can move according to the location of the mobile network device. In other examples, a helicopter or drone can be configured to be used as a device to communicate with another network device.

[0089] In some network device deployments, network devices can include centralized units (CUs) and distributed units (DUs). For example, some protocol layer functions of the network device are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining partial or complete protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU, which is centrally controlled by the CU. In other network device deployments, the CU can be divided into CU-control plane (CP) and CU-user plane (UP). In still other deployments, the network device can also be an open radio access network (ORAN / O-RAN) architecture. When the network device is in an ORAN architecture, it can be a functional entity or module within the ORAN, such as a combination of one or more of the following: CU, DU, or RU. In an ORAN system, the CU can also be called an open (O)-CU, the DU can also be called an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be called an O-CU-CP, and the CU-UP can also be called an O-CU-UP, etc. The network device deployment methods listed herein are merely examples. As standard technologies evolve, network devices may have other deployment forms, and this application does not limit them.

[0090] In some deployments, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the access network's functions. For example, a RAN node can be a CU, DU, CU-CP, CU-UP, or RU, etc. CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU. RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.

[0091] RAN nodes can support one or more types of fronthaul interfaces. Different fronthaul interfaces correspond to DUs and RUs with different functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is a common public radio interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more radio frequency functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is another type of interface, relative to the CPRI, some downlink and / or uplink baseband functions, such as, for downlink, precoding, digital beamforming (BF), or one or more of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) / cyclic prefix addition (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU; for uplink, one or more of digital beamforming (BF), or fast Fourier transform (FFT) / cyclic prefix removal (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU. In one possible implementation, the interface can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI). Under the eCPRI architecture, the segmentation between DU and RU differs, corresponding to different categories (Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI Cat A, B, C, D, E, F.

[0092] In one possible design, the processing unit in the BBU used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband high (BBH) unit, and the processing unit in the RRU / AAU / RRH used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband low (BBL) unit.

[0093] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0094] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be the network device itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device. For ease of description, when specific examples are mentioned below, the technical solution provided in this application embodiment will be described using a base station as an example.

[0095] Network devices and / or terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located. Furthermore, terminal devices and network devices can be hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware or general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal devices and network devices.

[0096] Specifically, this application is applicable to time-division duplex massive MIMO (TDD) scenarios in 5G-advanced and future communication systems, and is particularly suitable for a channel state information (CSI) feedback enhancement framework that deploys artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) models on both the network and terminal devices. In this scenario, the terminal device can be configured by the network device to "use the raw channel matrix (H) as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., compress the raw channel matrix)" to support multi-user transmission, high-precision beamforming, and interference coordination, etc. Simultaneously, the system has strict limitations on uplink signaling overhead, requiring cost control while meeting accuracy requirements. Of course, the terminal device can also be configured by the network device to "use the precoding matrix (W) as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., compress the precoding matrix)," and this application is equally applicable; simply replace "raw channel matrix (H)" with "precoding matrix (W)." The embodiments in this application are mainly illustrated by taking "using the original channel matrix as the target CSI for feedback" as an example.

[0097] It should be noted that the network application architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network application architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0098] To support artificial intelligence (AI) technology in wireless networks, AI nodes may be introduced into the network for model training, model inference, and other purposes.

[0099] AI nodes can be deployed in one or more of the following locations within the communication system: access network nodes (RAN nodes), terminal devices, or core network devices. Alternatively, AI nodes can be deployed independently, for example, in a location other than any of the aforementioned devices, such as in the host or cloud server of an over-the-top (OTT) system. AI nodes can communicate with other devices in the communication system, which can be one or more of the following: network devices, terminal devices, or core network elements.

[0100] It is understood that this application does not limit the number of AI nodes. For example, when there are multiple AI nodes, they can be divided based on function, such as different AI nodes being responsible for different functions.

[0101] It can also be understood that AI nodes can be independent devices, or they can be integrated into the same device to achieve different functions. Alternatively, they can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). This application does not limit the specific form of the aforementioned AI nodes.

[0102] AI nodes can be AI network elements or AI modules.

[0103] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of a possible application framework in a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2A As shown, network elements in a communication system are connected via interfaces (e.g., NG, Xn) or air interfaces. These network element nodes, such as core network equipment, access network nodes (RAN nodes), terminals, or one or more devices in operations administration and maintenance (OAM), are equipped with one or more AI modules (for clarity, ...). Figure 2A(Only one is shown in the image). An access network node can be a single RAN node or can include multiple RAN nodes, such as a CU and a DU. The CU and / or DU can also be equipped with one or more AI modules. The CU can also be split into CU-CP and CU-UP, and one or more AI modules can be set in the CU-CP and / or CU-UP.

[0104] AI modules are used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. The models of AI modules can achieve different functions depending on the parameter configurations. The models of AI modules can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or biases in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters). The biases in the activation function can also be referred to as the biases of the neural network.

[0105] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can obtain output information based on input information. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.

[0106] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of another possible application framework in a communication system provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 2B As shown, the communication system includes a RAN intelligent controller (RIC). For example, the RIC could be... Figure 2A The AI ​​module shown is used to implement AI-related functions. RICs include near-real-time RICs (near-RT RICs) and non-real-time RICs (non-RT RICs). Non-real-time RICs primarily process non-real-time information, such as data that is not sensitive to latency, with latency in the order of seconds. Real-time RICs primarily process near-real-time information, such as data that is relatively sensitive to latency, with latency in the order of tens of milliseconds.

[0107] Near real-time (NRT) RICs are used for model training and inference. For example, they are used to train AI models and then use those models for inference. NRT RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, DUs, and / or RUs) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data. NRT RICs can deliver inference results to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs. For example, a NRT RIC delivers an inference result to a DU, which then forwards it to an RU.

[0108] Non-real-time RICs are also used for model training and inference. For example, they can be used to train AI models and then use those models for inference. Non-real-time RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, DUs, and / or RUs) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data, and the inference results can be delivered to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs; for example, a non-real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, which then forwards them to an RU.

[0109] Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be configured as separate network elements. Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be part of other devices. For example, near real-time RICs can be set in RAN nodes (e.g., CU, DU), while non-real-time RICs can be set in OAM, cloud servers, core network devices, or other network devices.

[0110] To facilitate understanding of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the relevant terms involved in the embodiments of this application are introduced below:

[0111] 1. Antenna Port

[0112] An antenna port is a logical concept; there is no direct correspondence between an antenna port and a physical antenna. An antenna port is typically associated with a reference signal, and its meaning can be understood as a transmit / receive interface on the channel through which the reference signal passes. Therefore, in some cases, an antenna port can also be a reference signal port or a pilot port. For low-frequency systems, an antenna port may correspond to one or more antenna elements that jointly transmit the reference signal; the receiver can treat them as a whole without distinguishing between individual elements. For high-frequency systems, an antenna port may correspond to a beam; similarly, the receiver only needs to treat this beam as an interface and does not need to distinguish between individual elements.

[0113] 2. Beam

[0114] An antenna beam refers to the main lobe of an antenna pattern. It can also be understood as a waveform in which electromagnetic wave energy is concentrated and propagates in a specific direction in space, characterized by strong directionality and concentrated energy. In the NR protocol, the beam can be represented as a spatial domain filter, spatial parameter, spatial domain setting, spatial setting, quasi-colocation (QCL) information, QCL assumption, QCL indication, etc. The beam can be indicated by transmission configuration indication state (TCI-state) parameters or by spatial relation parameters. Therefore, in this application, "beam" can be replaced by spatial domain filter, spatial filter, spatial parameter, spatial parameter, spatial setting, spatial setting, QCL information, QCL assumption, QCL indication, TCI-state (DL TCI-state, UL TCI-state), spatial relation, etc. These terms are also equivalent to each other. The term "beam" can be replaced with other beam terms, which are not limited in this application.

[0115] The beam used to transmit signals can be called the transmission beam (Tx beam), or it can be referred to as the spatial domain transmission filter, spatial transmission filter, spatial domain transmission parameter, spatial transmission setting, or spatial transmission setting. The downlink transmission beam can be indicated by TCI-state.

[0116] The beam used to receive signals can be called a reception beam (Rx beam), a spatial domain reception filter, a spatial reception filter, a spatial domain reception parameter, a spatial reception setting, or a spatial reception setting. The uplink transmit beam can be indicated by a spatial relation, an uplink transmission configuration indicator state (TCI-state), or a sounding reference signal (SRS) resource (indicating the transmit beam using that SRS).

[0117] Furthermore, the beam can be a wide beam, a narrow beam, or other types of beam. The beamforming technology can be beamforming technology or other technologies. Specifically, beamforming technology can be digital beamforming technology, analog beamforming technology, or hybrid digital / analog beamforming technology, etc.

[0118] Beams are generally associated with resources. For example, during beam measurement, network devices transmit different beams through different resources. The terminal provides feedback on the signal quality carried on the channel corresponding to the resource, allowing the network device to determine the quality of the corresponding beam. During data transmission, beam information is also indicated through its corresponding resource. For instance, network devices use the TCI field in downlink control information (DCI) to indicate the beam information of the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0119] Optionally, multiple beams with the same or similar communication characteristics can be considered as a single beam. Alternatively, multiple beams that are QCL-related can be considered as a single beam. A beam may include one or more antenna ports for transmitting data channels, control channels, and probe signals, etc. One or more antenna ports forming a beam can also be considered as a set of antenna ports.

[0120] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, a beam refers to the transmit beam of a network device. In beam measurement, each beam of a network device corresponds to a resource, and therefore the beam corresponding to that resource can be uniquely identified by the resource index.

[0121] Beam coverage can refer to the projection range of the beam on the ground, or it can refer to the range where the received signal power transmitted through the beam exceeds a preset threshold. By adjusting the weights of each antenna element in the antenna array, the base station can direct the beam transmitted by the base station in different directions, resulting in different coverage ranges. The beam coverage range discussed in this embodiment refers to the area covered by the beam on the ground. As the satellite moves and the weights are adjusted, the coverage area will change.

[0122] 3. Sounding reference signal (SRS)

[0123] SRS (Uplink Channel Sounding) is transmitted by the terminal device and received by the network device. The transmission methods for SRS, including time-frequency resources, transmission beam, and transmission power, are configured by the network device for the terminal device. Within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) framework, the network device can configure one or more SRS resource sets for the terminal device, each containing one or more SRS resources. Furthermore, in 3GPP Release 15 (R15), different SRS resource sets perform different functions; R15 supports four functions: {beam management, codebook, non-codebook, antenna switching}. The network device notifies the terminal of the function of each SRS resource set by configuring its usage using RRC (Remote Reference Code). In this application, the abbreviations {BM, CB, NCB, AS} are sometimes used. When the purpose is antenna switching, it is generally used to obtain complete uplink channel information. If the channel has uplink / downlink consistency, the downlink transmission channel (or downlink transmission precoding) can be obtained through uplink channel measurement.

[0124] 4. Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)

[0125] CSI-RS is an important downlink reference signal in wireless communication systems. It primarily helps terminal devices obtain channel state information (CSI) and report it to the base station (such as a gNB or eNodeB) so that the base station can perform more efficient resource allocation and link adaptation. CSI-RS has multiple functions, including channel measurement, interference measurement, mobility management, wireless link fault detection, and beam fault detection.

[0126] CSI-RS can be divided into non-zero power channel state information reference signal (NZP-CSI-RS) and zero-power channel state information reference signal (ZP-CSI-RS). NZP-CSI-RS is used for channel and interference measurements, while ZP-CSI-RS is used to indicate resource elements not mapped to any data, enabling terminal equipment to measure background interference. Furthermore, CSI-RS supports various configuration options, such as periodic, semi-persistent, and aperiodic transmissions, allowing for flexible adaptation to different network requirements. In 5G NR, CSI-RS configuration is even more flexible, supporting up to 32 different antenna ports, each corresponding to a channel to be probed.

[0127] 5. Channel State Information (CSI)

[0128] In wireless communication systems, Massive MIMO is a key technology for improving system capacity and efficiency. To achieve accurate downlink beamforming, network devices must acquire high-quality Channel Information System (CSI). CSI refers to the multipath wireless channel information between network devices and terminal devices, including key parameters such as channel attenuation, phase, delay, and angle, reflecting the channel's real-time transmission capability. In TDD systems, network devices acquire CSI primarily through two methods:

[0129] (1) Channel estimation based on SRS: By utilizing the channel reciprocity of the TDD system, the network device infers the CSI by measuring the SRS sent by the terminal device.

[0130] (2) Channel measurement based on terminal device feedback: The terminal device can estimate the raw channel matrix (H) by measuring CSI-RS, extract the CSI reflecting the real-time channel status from the raw channel matrix; then, after quantizing and encoding the CSI, a CSI report is generated, and the CSI report is fed back to the network device through the uplink, so that the network device can determine the precoding, modulation coding scheme (MCS) and other methods to be used.

[0131] The CSI report is a crucial step for network devices to obtain downlink channel information. The CSI report can include information such as the CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), channel quality indicator (CQI), rank indicator (RI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and layer indicator (LI). Specifically, CRI indicates resource information for the Channel State Reference Signal, CQI indicates channel quality information obtained by the terminal device, RI indicates the recommended transmission layer for the terminal device, PMI indicates the recommended precoding matrix for the terminal device, and LI indicates the transmission information for a specific layer recommended by the terminal device.

[0132] It should be noted that in the NR system, CSI reports are a type of uplink control information (UCI). UCI information can also include hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment / non-acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) information, scheduling request (SR) information, etc., which are not covered in this application's embodiments. UCI information can be transmitted on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). When transmitted via PUCCH, the UCI resources are pre-configured by the network device; when transmitted via PUSCH, the UCI resources are determined by dynamically scheduled uplink resources.

[0133] 6. CSI Feedback

[0134] CSI feedback refers to the process by which terminal devices feed back the estimated / measured CSI to network devices. Network devices can then use the CSI feedback to perform more efficient resource allocation and signal processing, thereby improving spectrum efficiency and communication performance.

[0135] (1) Traditional CSI feedback

[0136] Traditional CSI feedback can be divided into two categories: implicit CSI feedback and explicit CSI feedback. For implicit CSI feedback, the terminal device does not send the complete CSI to the network device, but instead reports a more compact representation (such as a precoding matrix or codeword indexes in a predefined codebook). The network device then infers the CSI based on this information. This method can significantly reduce the amount of uplink data transmitted back, effectively saving bandwidth resources. However, compared to explicit CSI feedback, its channel information accuracy is lower, especially in scenarios with rapidly changing channels or complex communication environments, where performance degradation is more pronounced.

[0137] For explicit CSI feedback, the terminal device directly sends a complete and detailed CSI to the network device. This method can provide the network device with high-precision channel data, which strongly supports the optimized design of downlink transmission (such as higher-order modulation, beamforming parameter adjustment, etc.) and ensures communication performance. However, the drawback is that the transmission of the complete CSI will consume more uplink bandwidth, and at the same time, it will place higher demands on the measurement and computing capabilities of the terminal device and the processing capabilities of the network device.

[0138] Codebook-based CSI feedback is the mainstream implicit CSI feedback scheme in traditional NR systems. Using the codebook as its core foundation, the terminal device informs the network device to select the corresponding predefined precoding matrix for downlink transmission by feeding back a Precoding Matrix Indication (PMI), thereby achieving directional beamforming and improving the quality of the received signal. Here, the codebook refers to a set of pre-configured precoding matrices provided by the network device. The following section describes the process of the traditional CSI feedback mechanism;

[0139] Network devices send radio resource control (RRC) level configurations, i.e., CSI reporting configurations, to terminal devices. This configuration specifies the content to be reported in the CSI report, which may include one or more of the following: CRI, CQI, RI, PMI, and LI. The terminal device measures the CSI-RS, estimates the original channel matrix, extracts the CSI from the original channel matrix, determines the specific CSI report content, and generates a CSI report according to protocol-defined rules (e.g., the content range, length, and quantization method of each field) and feeds it back to the network device. For example, the CQI value range can be 0-15, the RI value range can be 1-8, and the PMI value range can be determined by the range of the codebook (e.g., Type I or Type II codebooks).

[0140] For example, such as Figure 3A As shown, assume that the network device configuration CSI report needs to report CQI, RI, and PMI. After the terminal device measures the CSI-RS signal, it obtains the original channel matrix, which can be specifically represented as a... matrix H In form, This refers to the number of antenna ports for CSI-RS (which can be understood as the number of transmitting antennas). This refers to the number of receiving antennas on the terminal device. (This is achieved through...) H By performing eigenvalue decomposition, the terminal device determines the RI that needs to be fed back; based on the RI, the terminal device selects RI feature vectors and processes them using the PMI codebook in the NR protocol. H The feature vectors are quantized to generate the PMI; furthermore, the CQI can be determined by the downlink channel and interference information (which may or may not be present). After generating these three pieces of information, the terminal device generates a CSI report according to the filling order of information in the CSI report defined in the protocol. The bit width of each part of the information has been determined through the previous CSI reporting configuration, meaning it is known between the network device and the terminal device. After the CSI report is determined, the terminal device further performs channel coding on the CSI report, including adding cyclic redundancy check (CRC), polar coding, rate matching, etc., to generate encoded code blocks (i.e., encoded bit streams). The size of the encoded code blocks is determined based on the physical layer resources available for the CSI report. After generating the code blocks, the terminal device further performs modulation and resource mapping, and sends the CSI report to the network device.

[0141] However, the traditional CSI feedback mechanism has obvious bottlenecks: as the number of base station antennas increases, the codebook size will increase sharply in order to maintain precoding accuracy, resulting in excessive feedback overhead; at the same time, in high bandwidth (such as 100MHz) scenarios, its frequency domain granularity of feedback is relatively coarse (usually feedback once every 16 or 32 physical resource blocks (PRBs), which limits the accuracy of frequency selective scheduling.

[0142] (2) CSI feedback mechanism based on artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) (i.e. AI / ML CSI feedback)

[0143] To overcome the bottlenecks of traditional CSI feedback mechanisms and further improve the accuracy and efficiency of CSI feedback, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) technology has been introduced, namely AI / ML CSI feedback. Its core is the use of a "two-sided model": such as... Figure 3B As shown, an AI encoder is deployed on the terminal device side, and a paired AI decoder is deployed on the network device side. The terminal device uses the AI ​​encoder to compress the high-dimensional channel state information (H / feature vector) into low-dimensional latent information that can abstractly represent the physical channel characteristics. After quantization, a bit stream is generated and reported. After receiving the bit stream, the network device uses the paired AI decoder to reconstruct the CSI (recovered H / feature vector), thereby overcoming the overhead and accuracy limitations of traditional codebooks.

[0144] It should be noted that AI / ML-based CSI feedback currently mainly focuses on using the precoding matrix as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., AI / ML CSI feedback mainly compresses the precoding matrix), while directly using the original channel matrix as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., compressing the original channel matrix) is still under further discussion.

[0145] 7. Two-part CSI feedback framework

[0146] In codebook-based CSI feedback, the terminal device needs to feed back PMI, and its overhead varies depending on factors such as the recommended transport layer (Rank). It mainly adopts a two-part framework.

[0147] (1) Part 1 of CSI: This mainly includes information such as RI, CQI, and the total number of non-zero coefficients. Among them, RI is the downlink transmission layer recommended by the terminal equipment to the network equipment, which directly guides the network equipment's transmission resource configuration. CQI is usually the channel quality assessment result fed back from the first codeword, providing a basis for the network equipment to select a modulation and coding scheme. The indication information such as the total number of non-zero coefficients is used to help the network equipment to clarify the specific size and structure of PMI in CSI Part 2, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent precoding configuration.

[0148] (2) Part 2 (CSI Part 2): This mainly includes the PMI. The PMI is a bit sequence describing the details of the precoding matrix, and its size is determined by information such as the RI in CSI Part 1. To cope with insufficient uplink resources, the PMI bit stream of CSI Part 2 is divided into multiple priority groups (such as group 0 / 1 / 2). If the physical resources allocated to CSI reporting are insufficient to carry the complete CSI Part 2, the terminal device can omit some bits according to the priority from low to high. After receiving the report, the network device first decodes the fixed-size CSI Part 1 and reads the RI and other information. Based on the RI and other information, the network device can accurately calculate how long CSI Part 2 should be, and then decode the PMI information in CSI Part 2.

[0149] It should be noted that, according to the 3GPP meeting, the two-part CSI feedback framework will be inherited as the basis for AI / ML CSI feedback. That is, the structure of the dynamically sized CSI Part 2, which contains compressed latent information, is determined by the fixed-size CSI Part 1.

[0150] 8. CSI Feedback Types

[0151] The existing CSI reporting framework defined by 3GPP mainly includes three reporting types: aperiodic CSI reporting, semi-persistent CSI reporting, and periodic CSI reporting.

[0152] (1) Aperiodic CSI Reporting (A-CSI): A-CSI is triggered on demand by network devices. The network device explicitly triggers a CSI report through downlink control information (DCI). This triggering DCI specifies on which uplink resource (PUSCH) the terminal device should report.

[0153] (2) Semi-persistent CSI reporting (SP-CSI): SP-CSI resources (such as reporting period and PUSCH resources) are first configured by higher-layer RRC signaling, but are inactive by default. Then, the network device activates this series of periodic reports through a DCI. Once activated, the terminal device will continuously report CSI on the specified resources according to the period configured by RRC, until another DCI deactivates it.

[0154] (3) Periodic CSI reporting (P-CSI): P-CSI is entirely configured by RRC signaling. Once configured, the terminal device will report strictly according to the configured period on the specified PUCCH resources. The whole process does not require real-time triggering of DCI.

[0155] 9. Calculation of payload size

[0156] The output of CSI after passing through the AI ​​encoder is a vector called "latent message," which consists of a series of real numbers. To convert these real numbers into the final reported bit sequence (also known as the bit stream, or payload), they need to be quantized. According to the consensus reached at the 3GPP meeting, this quantization is performed for a specific transport layer. l ) and transmission rank (rank, v The calculation framework for its load magnitude is as follows:

[0157] First, potential information Defined as a containing A vector of real values, currently supporting two mainstream quantization schemes:

[0158] A. Scalar quantization (SQ): Each real number in the vector of latent information is independently quantized. If each real number is quantized as... If there are 10 bits, then the total payload size of the transport layer is ( ). ) Calculate using formula (1):

[0159] (1)

[0160] B. Vector quantization (VQ): Utilizes the correlation between real values ​​to achieve higher compression efficiency. It transforms the continuous vector of latent information... ( Each real value is treated as a segment, and the entire segment is jointly quantized. Each segment is then quantized independently. If each segment is quantized to... If there are 10 bits, then the total payload size of the transport layer is ( ). ) Calculate using formula (2):

[0161] (2)

[0162] This can be understood as the final load size being determined by a set of parameters. Uniquely determined. Among them, It is a dimension of potential information. It is the number of bits per (scalar or vector) quantization unit. It is the segment length of vector quantization (for SQ, ).

[0163] Based on the above, there are two main traditional methods for obtaining CSI. One is to estimate CSI through SRS measurement. However, this method requires resource reuse among multiple terminal devices and frequency hopping to cover the entire bandwidth, which increases the acquisition period of the complete channel snapshot and causes serious channel aging problems, affecting the accuracy of CSI. The other traditional method is codebook-based CSI feedback. The terminal device guides the base station to perform precoding by feeding back PMI. However, in large-scale MIMO systems, improving feedback accuracy requires more bits, and the complexity of related algorithms will also increase as the codebook size expands, which consumes resources and affects efficiency.

[0164] To address the problems of traditional methods, AI / ML-based CSI feedback has been introduced. Currently, AI / ML-based CSI feedback mainly focuses on using the precoding matrix (W) as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., compressing the precoding matrix). Since the original channel matrix (H) can fully represent the characteristics of the channel signal and is an ideal basis for network devices to accurately optimize transmission, a more ideal solution in AI / ML-based CSI feedback could be to directly use the original channel matrix as the target CSI for feedback (i.e., compressing the original channel matrix). However, the original channel matrix contains a huge amount of information, especially in multi-antenna scenarios where its dimensionality increases linearly with the number of antenna ports and subcarriers, leading to a surge in feedback overhead and placing a heavy burden on the link. Real-time AI encoding of the high-dimensional channel matrix increases the processing complexity of the terminal device. Moreover, there is the problem of redundant transmission. When the channel state changes slowly or most frequency bands have just completed coverage updates through SRS, the difference between the current complete channel matrix of the terminal device and the previous report is minimal. Repeatedly sending the complete channel matrix will cause serious information redundancy, thereby reducing communication efficiency.

[0165] Therefore, in AI / ML-based CSI feedback, how to reduce CSI feedback overhead and processing complexity of terminal devices, while improving channel reconstruction accuracy and communication efficiency, is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0166] To reduce CSI feedback overhead and terminal device processing complexity, while improving channel reconstruction accuracy and communication efficiency and ensuring system stability, this application provides a communication method and a communication device. The following provides a detailed description of the communication method and communication device provided in this application.

[0167] It is understood that the illustrative flowcharts provided in this application mainly use different devices (such as terminal devices and network devices) as examples to illustrate the method, but this application does not limit the execution subject of the interaction. For example, the device in the illustrative flowchart (such as a terminal device or network device) can also be a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the device in implementing the method, or it can be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the device. It is hereby uniformly stated that the message or signaling interactions involved in the interaction flow of the embodiments of this application can adopt standard messages or signaling, or they can be newly introduced messages or signaling; the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0168] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the communication method includes the following steps S401 to S407. Figure 4 The method shown can be implemented by the aforementioned terminal devices and network devices. Alternatively, Figure 4 The device executing the method shown can be a device in a terminal device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system) or a device in a network device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system), and this application embodiment does not limit it. Figure 4 The method will be explained using terminal devices and network devices as examples.

[0169] It should be noted that the channel matrix mentioned in the embodiments of this application is defined in the frequency domain of "CSI-RS antenna port × subcarrier", that is, the channel matrix can be represented as ,in, k For subcarrier index, Number of receiving antennas This refers to the number of CSI-RS ports on the network device. Furthermore, this embodiment uses the original channel matrix (H) as the target CSI for feedback as an example; however, it can also use a precoding matrix (W) as the target CSI for feedback, and this application is equally applicable, simply by replacing "original channel matrix (H)" with "precoding matrix (W)".

[0170] S401. The terminal device measures the first reference signal and obtains the first channel matrix.

[0171] In this embodiment, to ensure the reliability and accuracy of CSI feedback, the network device first sends relevant configuration parameters for CSI feedback to the terminal device via RRC signaling. For example, these parameters may include one or more of the following:

[0172] (1) Boolean value (anchorFeedbackEnabled): Used to enable / disable anchor-residual mode. For example, when the Boolean value is true, the anchor-residual mode is enabled; when the Boolean value is false, the anchor-residual mode is disabled.

[0173] (2) Reference Channel Identifier (RHID): Used to synchronize the status of the anchor reference channel between network devices and terminal devices. RHID is an index pointing to a specific rule set, which explicitly defines the construction logic and implementation details of the anchor reference channel. For example, the specific parameters included in this rule set are shown in Table 1:

[0174] Table 1

[0175]

[0176] It should be noted that the primary function of RHID_ver is to identify the version of the RHID rule set itself. In communication protocol design, the definition and interpretation of RHID may change as the standard evolves (e.g., from version 20 (Rel-20) to version 21 (Rel-21)). Therefore, RHID_ver is needed to manage these changes. This way, even if new fields are added to the RHID structure or the meaning of existing fields is modified in the future, new and old devices can clearly know whether they are compatible with each other, avoiding channel reconfiguration errors caused by inconsistent rules.

[0177] When ResetFlag=1, it indicates a reset command, requiring the anchor channel matrix to be reset; when ResetFlag=0, it indicates a non-reset command, requiring no reset of the anchor channel matrix. TimeTag can be a time offset value (such as the number of time slots since the last feedback) or timestamp information. Seq is the sequence number of the anchor channel matrix. Lifetime can also be referred to as the lifespan of the anchor channel matrix.

[0178] For example, the reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: version information of the first anchor channel matrix, time information of the first anchor channel matrix, reset flag, parameter value of the time alignment function, sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or validity period of the first anchor channel matrix.

[0179] (3) Allowable payload size levels (i.e., different levels of compressed bit count): refers to a limited, standardized, and predefined set of CSI report bit counts, which is a set of optional payload sizes configured by the network device for the terminal device. The terminal device can select one from the allowed levels according to the actual situation (such as channel conditions, network device resource allocation, etc.), and report the selection result (e.g., through an indicator) in CSI Part 1, and then report the corresponding size of compressed bit stream in CSI Part 2.

[0180] (4) Quantization related configuration (SQ / VQ parameters): For scalar quantization (SQ), the related parameters may include the dimension of the potential information, the number of bits per quantization unit, etc.; for vector quantization (VQ), the related parameters may include the dimension of the potential information, the number of bits per quantization unit, the segment length of vector quantization, etc.

[0181] (5) Triggering and rollback thresholds for differential feedback (e.g., energy thresholds): These indicate under what conditions a network device should initiate, maintain, or abandon the "anchor-residual" feedback mode. The triggering and rollback thresholds for differential feedback are a set of strategies or logical judgment conditions. For example, a specific strategy could be: the network device decodes the anchor quality indicator (AQI) information from the terminal device's CSI Part 1, and then compares the received AQI information with a preset rollback threshold (e.g., the rollback threshold could be AQI = 11); if the AQI information reaches the rollback threshold, the network device will trigger a rollback mechanism: in the next CSI configuration, ResetFlag = 1 (i.e., send a reset command), forcing the terminal device to abandon the "anchor-residual" feedback mode and roll back to the full-report feedback mode.

[0182] (6) The range of the maximum sub-band, port and rank covered by the feedback: used to define the resource coverage boundary of CSI feedback and to clarify the maximum number of sub-bands, the number of antenna ports and the range of channel rank values ​​that the terminal equipment needs to report.

[0183] (7) Time Alignment Function Index (timeAlignModel): This indicates the type of the time alignment function. For example, an index of 0 corresponds to a hold function; an index of 1 corresponds to a linear function; and an index of 2 corresponds to an exponential function. It should be noted that the time alignment function can be configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol. For example, if no time alignment function is configured on the network device, the default time alignment function is the hold function.

[0184] (8) AQI Information Quantization Thresholds (aqiThresholds): AQI is an optional, lightweight indicator reported by the terminal device to indicate the quality of the anchor channel matrix. Specific functions include: A. Performance Monitoring: The terminal device provides quantitative feedback to the network device on the validity and quality of the current "anchor-residual" cycle. B. Proactive Refresh Trigger: When the anchor channel matrix is ​​severely aged, the terminal device can proactively request the network device to refresh the anchor channel matrix (i.e., reset the anchor channel matrix), instead of waiting until the effective duration of the anchor channel matrix is ​​exceeded, which helps improve the system's adaptability and robustness. The following explains how to determine AQI information:

[0185] Since the physical quantity that most directly reflects the quality of the anchor channel matrix is ​​the residual channel matrix ( The residual channel matrix refers to the channel matrix obtained by differential calculation between the currently measured channel matrix and the anchor channel matrix. To eliminate the influence of the energy magnitude of the residual channel matrix itself, normalized residual energy can be used as a metric for AQI. The terminal device calculates the residual channel matrix (…) after performing the residual channel matrix calculation. After that, the ratio of its energy to the energy of the current channel matrix will be calculated using formula (3), which is the residual energy ratio (RER):

[0186] (3)

[0187] in, Denotes the Frobenius norm of a matrix. Represents the residual channel matrix. This represents the channel matrix obtained from the current measurement. AQI can be represented by 1 to 2 bits. If AQI uses 1 bit, it can be set to 1 when the RER value is greater than a certain preset threshold, indicating that the anchor channel matrix is ​​basically ineffective and the residual energy is close to the current total channel energy. The anchor channel matrix needs to be refreshed immediately (i.e., the anchor channel matrix is ​​reset). At this time, the network device needs to send a reset command, i.e., set ResetFlag=1.

[0188] If AQI uses 2 bits, the RER can be converted into decibel values ​​and quantized into four levels. As shown in Table 2, the quantization thresholds (i.e., RER thresholds) include -10dB, -6dB, and -3dB. When RER < -10dB, AQI = 00, and the quality (i.e., state) of the anchor channel matrix is ​​described as Healthy, indicating that the anchor channel matrix is ​​very fresh, the residual is minimal, and the closed-loop operating state is excellent. When -10dB ≤ RER < -6dB, AQI = 01, and the quality (i.e., state) of the anchor channel matrix is ​​described as Normal, indicating that the anchor channel matrix has slight aging, and the residual is within an acceptable range. When -6dB ≤ RER < -3dB, AQI = 10, and the quality (i.e., status) of the anchor channel matrix is ​​described as a warning, indicating that the anchor channel matrix is ​​significantly aged with large residuals. The network device can internally record this terminal device and reduce the value of the Lifetime field (i.e., reduce the effective duration of the anchor channel matrix) when setting a new anchor channel matrix next time. When RER ≥ -3dB, AQI = 11, and the quality (i.e., status) of the anchor channel matrix is ​​described as critically aged, indicating that the anchor channel matrix is ​​basically ineffective and the residual energy is close to the current total channel energy. The network device must immediately issue DCI signaling to refresh the anchor (i.e., issue a reset command). It should be noted that converting RER into decibel values ​​and quantizing it into four levels is just an example. RER can also be converted into other values ​​or divided into more levels, which is not limited here. This application embodiment mainly uses Table 2 as an example for illustration.

[0189] Table 2

[0190]

[0191] It should be noted that the configuration parameters for CSI feedback described in this way are just examples, and may include other configuration parameters (such as time and frequency resources for CSI feedback), which are not limited here.

[0192] Furthermore, after receiving the relevant configuration parameters from the CSI feedback sent by the network device, the terminal device measures the first reference signal (such as CSI-RS) sent by the network device, performs channel estimation on the current downlink channel, and obtains the first channel matrix. It should be noted that the first channel matrix includes the original channel matrix (H) and / or the precoding matrix (W). This embodiment of the application is illustrated using the original channel matrix (H) as an example.

[0193] S402. The terminal device determines the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix; the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​either the reference channel matrix or the second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bit stream.

[0194] In this embodiment, the terminal device needs to determine the residual channel matrix using the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix. Since the data size of the residual channel matrix is ​​smaller than that of the first channel matrix, the terminal device can compress the residual channel matrix before reporting it, which helps reduce feedback overhead and improve communication efficiency. After successfully decoding the residual channel matrix, the network device can also reconstruct the first channel matrix, ensuring communication reliability. Therefore, the communication method provided in this embodiment is particularly suitable for low-to-medium speed mobile scenarios, where the channel has strong time correlation, making the data size of the residual channel matrix much smaller than that of the first channel matrix, further reducing feedback overhead.

[0195] Here, the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a shared anchor channel matrix (also called a reference channel matrix) established between the terminal device and the network device. The following explanation addresses the two scenarios:

[0196] Case 1: The channel matrix of the first anchor point is the reference channel matrix.

[0197] This can be understood as using the initialized first anchor channel matrix and the first channel matrix to determine the residual channel matrix. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0198] First, the first anchor channel matrix needs to be initialized. In one possible implementation, the process of initializing the first anchor channel matrix includes the following steps s11~s15.

[0199] s11. The terminal device and network device obtain the initial anchor channel matrix. At this time, the initial anchor channel matrix is ​​set as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0200] s12. The terminal equipment measures the second reference signal to obtain the reference channel matrix.

[0201] s13. The terminal device sends a reference channel matrix to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the reference channel matrix from the terminal device.

[0202] s14. If the reference channel matrix is ​​successfully decoded, the network device sets the reference channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix; or, if the reference channel matrix fails to be decoded, the network device sets the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0203] s15. If no reset instruction is received from the network device, the terminal device sets the reference channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix; or, if a reset instruction is received from the network device, the terminal device sets the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix.

[0204] In the specific implementation, the terminal device and the network device first establish a shared first anchor point channel matrix (i.e. The network device will use the initial anchor point channel matrix (such as the zero matrix, represented as...) ) is set as the first anchor point channel matrix, i.e. The terminal device will also set the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix. Then, the network device will issue the RHID, at which point the ResetFlag field in the RHID will be set to 1, and the TimeTag field will be set to 1. .in, This can be understood as the time offset or initialization time between the current CSI feedback and the previous CSI feedback.

[0205] Furthermore, by measuring the second reference signal (such as CSI-RS) transmitted by the network device, the terminal device can determine the reference channel matrix of the current downlink channel (i.e., And report the full reference channel matrix via PUSCH.

[0206] After receiving the reference channel matrix, the network device decodes it. If the decoding is successful, the network device uses the reference channel matrix as the new anchor channel matrix, that is, sets the reference channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix. At this point, the initialization of the first anchor channel matrix on the network device side is complete. If the base channel matrix decoding fails, the network device sends a reset command (i.e., configures ResetFlag=1) via RRC signaling or DCI to trigger the reset of the first anchor channel matrix, and resets the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix, that is, re-executes steps s11~s15.

[0207] If the terminal device does not receive a reset command from the network device, it assumes the reference channel matrix has been successfully decoded and sets it as the first anchor channel matrix, thus completing the initialization of the first anchor channel matrix on the terminal device side. If a reset command is received from the network device, the terminal device will trigger a reset of the first anchor channel matrix, resetting the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix, i.e., re-executing steps s11~s15. Establishing the reference for the first anchor channel matrix in this way helps improve the accuracy of channel estimation and more closely approximates the actual channel.

[0208] Furthermore, after completing the initialization of the first anchor point channel matrix (i.e. After that, the terminal device can determine the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix.

[0209] Specifically, it should be noted that the "initial anchor channel matrix" mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a default matrix pre-agreed between the terminal device and the network device for system reset, which may be, for example, a zero matrix. The "reference channel matrix," on the other hand, refers to the complete channel matrix that is first actually measured and reported by the terminal device during the initialization phase of the first anchor channel matrix. This matrix is ​​used to establish the first valid first anchor channel matrix that reflects the actual channel conditions.

[0210] In one possible implementation, the specific implementation of the terminal device determining the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix may include steps s21 and s22.

[0211] s21. The terminal device processes the first anchor channel matrix based on a time alignment function to obtain a second anchor channel matrix; this second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the network device to determine the residual channel matrix. Here, the first anchor channel matrix is ​​the reference channel matrix.

[0212] This can be understood as referring to the feedback from this CSI. At any given time, the terminal device will use a time alignment function to perform time alignment on the first anchor point channel matrix, that is, from... Align to The time alignment function can be predefined by the protocol or configured by the network device via RRC signaling; this is not limited here. The time alignment function (i.e. The function can be an identity function (hold), a linear function (linear), an exponential function (exponential), etc., and there are no restrictions here.

[0213] For example, taking the time alignment function as the identity function (hold) as an example, the terminal device can process the first anchor point channel matrix using the calculation formula: The second anchor point channel matrix is ​​determined, i.e. Among them, here This is the time alignment function (i.e., the identity function).

[0214] Optionally, the TimeAlignParam field in the RHID configured on the network device indicates at least one parameter value of the time alignment function (e.g., ,or, At this point, the terminal device needs to process the first anchor channel matrix based on the time alignment function and at least one parameter value of the time alignment function to obtain the second anchor channel matrix. Here, the parameter values ​​include the attenuation factor or the extrapolation slope, which are dynamically distributed by the network device according to the channel coherence time.

[0215] For example, taking the time alignment function as an exponential function, the terminal device can process the first anchor point channel matrix using the calculation formula: The second anchor point channel matrix is ​​determined, i.e. Among them, here This is a time alignment function (i.e., an exponential function).

[0216] s22. The terminal device determines the residual channel matrix between the second anchor point channel matrix and the first channel matrix;

[0217] This can be understood as the terminal device needing to use the time-aligned anchor channel matrix (i.e., the second anchor channel matrix) and the first channel matrix obtained from the current measurement to determine the residual channel matrix.

[0218] For example, the terminal device uses the second anchor point channel matrix ( ) and the first channel matrix ( Perform difference calculations: This allows us to determine the residual channel matrix between the second anchor channel matrix and the first channel matrix, i.e. .

[0219] Case 2: The channel matrix of the first anchor point is the second channel matrix.

[0220] This can be understood as using the uninitialized first anchor channel matrix (i.e., the second channel matrix) and the first channel matrix to determine the residual channel matrix. Here, the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bitstream. The specific implementation is as follows:

[0221] First, after the terminal device last reported the compressed bitstream (i.e., the previous CSI feedback), if the network device successfully decodes it, it will set the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bitstream (i.e., the second-channel matrix) as the first anchor channel matrix. Correspondingly, if the terminal device does not receive a reset command from the network device, it assumes that the network device has successfully decoded the bitstream, and in this case, it will also set the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bitstream (i.e., the second-channel matrix) as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0222] Furthermore, the terminal device can determine the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix. In one possible implementation, the specific implementation of the terminal device determining the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix may include steps s31 and s32.

[0223] s31. The terminal device processes the first anchor channel matrix based on a time alignment function to obtain a second anchor channel matrix; this second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the network device to determine the residual channel matrix. Here, the first anchor channel matrix is ​​the second channel matrix.

[0224] s32. The terminal device determines the residual channel matrix between the second anchor point channel matrix and the first channel matrix;

[0225] The specific implementation methods of steps s31 and s32 can be referred to the specific implementation methods of steps s21 and s22 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0226] Based on the above, in summary, the dimension of the residual channel matrix is ​​much smaller than that of the complete channel matrix. Subsequent terminal devices can compress the residual channel matrix before reporting, which helps reduce feedback overhead. Furthermore, using the successfully reconstructed channel matrix as the next anchor channel matrix achieves closed-loop feedback, improving the accuracy of channel estimation and bringing it closer to the actual channel. Additionally, for the first anchor channel matrix, a lifecycle (i.e., effective duration) and refresh mechanism prevent error drift caused by the infinite accumulation of residuals. When the residual becomes too large or synchronization is lost, the system can automatically revert to a "cold start" mode to reset the anchor channel matrix, ensuring system stability.

[0227] S403. The terminal equipment compresses the residual channel matrix to obtain the first compressed bit stream.

[0228] In this embodiment of the application, the terminal device determines the residual channel matrix (i.e. After that, the low-entropy residual channel matrix is ​​compressed by an AI encoder to obtain the first latent information; then, the first latent information is quantized and compressed to generate the first compressed bitstream (i.e., ).

[0229] S404. The terminal device sends a first compressed bit stream to the network device, the first compressed bit stream being used to reconstruct the first channel matrix. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first compressed bit stream from the terminal device.

[0230] In this embodiment of the application, after the terminal device determines the first compressed bit stream, it will perform CSI feedback. At this time, the first compressed bit stream can be carried in the first information (such as UCI information) and reported to the network device so that the network device can reconstruct the first channel matrix.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the first information can be divided into two parts: the first part can be called UCI part 1 (or CSI part 1), and the second part can be called UCI part 2 (or CSI part 2). Wherein:

[0232] (1) UCI ​​Part 1 mainly includes:

[0233] A. Reference Channel Identifier (RHID): Configured by the network device, used to synchronize the status of the anchor reference channel corresponding to the first anchor channel matrix. For example, this reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: version information of the first anchor channel matrix, time information of the first anchor channel matrix, reset flag, parameter value of the time alignment function, sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or validity period of the first anchor channel matrix.

[0234] B. Payload size indicator: Used to indicate the first compressed bitstream carried in UCI Part 2 (i.e., The load size.

[0235] C. Anchor Quality Indication Information (AQI): Also known as fusion quality indicator, it is used to indicate the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix.

[0236] (2) UCI ​​part 2 mainly includes: the first compressed bitstream (i.e. ).

[0237] This can be understood as the terminal device sending the first compressed bit stream, reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information to the network device together. This is beneficial for the network device to reconstruct the channel matrix and clarify the quality of the first anchor channel matrix, which helps to ensure the robustness of the feedback system.

[0238] In one possible implementation, the anchor quality indication information (AQI), which indicates whether the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy, normal, warning, or severely aged, can be determined using the following strategy:

[0239] First, the terminal device determines the residual energy ratio (RER) based on the first channel matrix and the residual channel matrix. Specifically, the residual energy ratio is determined using the above formula (3), i.e. ;in, Represents the residual channel matrix; Represents the first channel matrix; This represents the Frobenius norm of the matrix.

[0240] Furthermore, according to Table 2 above, when the residual energy ratio is less than the first threshold (e.g., RER < -10 dB), the anchor quality indication information (AQI) indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy.

[0241] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold (e.g., -10 dB ≤ RER < -6 dB), the anchor quality indication information (AQI) indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​normal.

[0242] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the third threshold (e.g., -6 dB ≤ RER < -3 dB), the Anchor Quality Indication (AQI) indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a warning.

[0243] If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the third threshold (e.g., RER ≥ -3 dB), the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix (AQI) is severely aged.

[0244] It should be noted that the first, second, and third thresholds here can be predefined by the protocol or configured by the network device; no limitation is made here. The first threshold here can be -10 dB or other values; the first threshold here can be -6 dB or other values; the first threshold here can be -3 dB or other values; the first threshold here can be -6 dB or other values; no limitation is made here.

[0245] S405. The network device decodes the first compressed bitstream to obtain the residual channel matrix.

[0246] In this embodiment, after receiving the first information, the network device first decodes UCI part 1 to obtain information such as the Reference Channel Identifier (RHID), payload size indication information, and Anchor Quality Indicator (AQI) carried in UCI part 1. Based on the payload size indication information, the first compressed bit stream carried in UCI Part 2 (i.e., ...) can be determined. The payload size is then determined. Then, UCI Part 2 is decoded to obtain the first compressed bitstream (i.e., Then, through inverse quantization and inverse transformation, the first latent information is recovered. The AI ​​decoder is then used to decode the first latent information to restore the residual channel matrix.

[0247] S406. The network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix.

[0248] In this embodiment of the application, after the network device restores the first channel matrix, since the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a shared anchor channel matrix established between the terminal device and the network device, the network device can reconstruct the first channel matrix using the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, thereby realizing the feedback of channel information.

[0249] In one possible implementation, when the network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the specific implementation may include the following steps s41 and s42.

[0250] s41. The network device processes the first anchor channel matrix based on the time alignment function to obtain the second anchor channel matrix; the second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the terminal device to determine the residual channel matrix.

[0251] This can be understood as the terminal device using the same time alignment function to align the first anchor point channel matrix in time, i.e., from... Align to The second anchor point channel matrix is ​​obtained. ).

[0252] s42. The network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the second anchor channel matrix and the residual channel matrix.

[0253] This can be understood as the terminal device needing to reconstruct the first channel matrix using the time-aligned anchor channel matrix (i.e., the second anchor channel matrix) and the residual channel matrix.

[0254] For example, a network device can reconstruct the first channel matrix using the following formula (4):

[0255] (4)

[0256] in, Represents the residual channel matrix; This represents the channel matrix of the second anchor point; This represents the first channel matrix.

[0257] Based on this method, since the dimension of the residual channel matrix is ​​much smaller than that of the complete channel matrix, the terminal device can compress the residual channel matrix using an AI encoder before reporting it. This can achieve lower reconstruction errors with the same bit budget, or use fewer bits with the same precision, which helps reduce feedback overhead. Furthermore, since the information entropy of the input data is greatly reduced, the training and inference complexity of the AI ​​model can also be reduced accordingly, which helps reduce the computational complexity on the terminal device side and reduce the power consumption of the terminal device. At the same time, the computational complexity of the introduced matrix subtraction is also very small, which greatly reduces the processing complexity of the terminal device and network device.

[0258] S407. If the first channel matrix is ​​successfully reconstructed, the network device sets the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix; correspondingly, if the terminal device does not receive a reset instruction from the network device, it sets the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0259] In this embodiment, if the first channel matrix is ​​successfully reconstructed, the network device will use the first channel matrix as the new anchor channel matrix for the next CSI feedback, that is, set the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix. At this time, the terminal device will not receive a reset command from the network device. The terminal device can assume that the first channel matrix has been successfully decoded and simultaneously set the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix, thereby realizing closed-loop feedback, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of channel estimation and more closely approximating the real channel.

[0260] In one possible implementation, the network device sends a reset command to the terminal device and sets the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix under at least one of the following conditions; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the reset command from the network device and sets the initial anchor channel matrix to the first anchor channel matrix:

[0261] Scenario 1: The network device fails the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the first compressed bit stream.

[0262] In practical implementation, if the network device fails the CRC check on the first compressed bitstream, it can be assumed that the transmission or decoding of the first channel matrix has failed, and the network device cannot reconstruct the first channel matrix (i.e., the first channel matrix reconstruction fails). In this case, the network device needs to send a reset command to the terminal device (i.e., configure ResetFlag=1) to reset the first anchor channel matrix to ensure system stability. CRC is an error detection technique based on polynomial division, which detects errors in data transmission or storage by appending a checksum to the end of the data.

[0263] Scenario 2: The anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the channel matrix of the first anchor point is severely aged.

[0264] In the specific implementation, after the network device decodes and obtains the anchor quality indication information (AQI) carried in UCI part1, if the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy or normal, it means that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​currently good, and the network device does not need to take any action.

[0265] If the anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​a warning, it means that the first anchor point channel matrix has obviously aged and the residual is large. The network device can internally record that when configuring the relevant configuration parameters of CSI feedback for the next time, the effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix needs to be reduced to improve the reliability of channel reconstruction.

[0266] When the anchor point quality indicator shows that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​severely aged, it means that the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​essentially ineffective, and the residual energy is close to the current total channel energy. The network device needs to send a reset command to the terminal device (i.e., configure ResetFlag=1), and simultaneously reset the first anchor point channel matrix, setting the initial anchor point channel matrix as the first anchor point channel matrix to ensure system stability. Correspondingly, the terminal device, upon receiving the reset command from the network device, also needs to reset the first anchor point channel matrix, setting the initial anchor point channel matrix as the first anchor point channel matrix.

[0267] Case 3: The effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​exceeded.

[0268] In the specific implementation, the Lifetime field in RHID indicates the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix. If the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​exceeded, it indicates that the first anchor channel matrix has failed (its lifecycle has ended). The network device also needs to send a reset command to the terminal device (i.e., configure ResetFlag=1), and simultaneously reset the first anchor channel matrix, setting the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix. Correspondingly, the terminal device, upon receiving the reset command from the network device, also needs to reset the first anchor channel matrix, setting the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0269] In addition, it should be noted that when the network device reconstructs the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, it can further integrate existing prior information (such as information obtained through SRS measurement) to improve the accuracy of channel information, thereby making it more conducive to improving communication performance. Furthermore, after the reconstructed first channel matrix is ​​used as the first anchor channel matrix, the existing prior information on the network device side will also be implicitly included in the first anchor channel matrix on the network device side.

[0270] To ensure transparency to terminal devices, the prior information already available on the network device side is not directly utilized by the terminal devices. Instead, the prior information is implicitly contained in the first anchor point channel matrix on the network device side. This allows for efficient integration of the real-time channel measurements on the terminal device side with the prior information implicitly contained in the first anchor point channel matrix on the network device side during the next channel matrix reconstruction. This mechanism is essentially a distributed, implicit channel information coordination scheme that utilizes both the long-term channel statistical characteristics of the network side and the instantaneous measurements of the terminal side, thereby improving overall efficiency and accuracy.

[0271] It can be seen that, based on Figure 4 The described method establishes a shared first anchor channel matrix between the terminal device and the network device. The terminal device does not need to report the complete first channel matrix obtained from the current measurement. Instead, it uses the first anchor channel matrix to transform the high-entropy first channel matrix into a low-entropy residual channel matrix. Then, an AI encoder compresses the residual channel matrix before reporting it, fundamentally reducing the information entropy of the source to be compressed. This allows the AI ​​encoder to achieve higher reconstruction accuracy with the same bit budget, or to use fewer bits for the same accuracy requirements. This helps reduce CSI feedback overhead and the processing complexity of the terminal device, while also improving the accuracy of channel reconstruction and communication efficiency. Furthermore, if the terminal device does not receive a reset command from the network device, it can assume that the network device has successfully reconstructed the channel matrix and use the successfully reconstructed channel matrix as the next anchor channel matrix, thus achieving closed-loop feedback. This improves system robustness and enhances the accuracy of channel estimation, making it closer to the true channel. If the terminal device receives a reset command from the network device, it can assume that the network device has failed to reconstruct the channel matrix and reset the anchor channel matrix, ensuring system stability.

[0272] The apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0273] This application divides the device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation. The following will combine... Figures 5 to 7 The apparatus of the embodiments of this application is described in detail.

[0274] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the communication device includes a processing module 501 and a transceiver module 502. The transceiver module 502 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 501 is used to implement corresponding processing functions. The transceiver module 502 can also be referred to as an interface, communication interface, or communication module, etc.

[0275] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to perform the actions performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the communication device can be the terminal device itself or a chip or functional module configurable within the terminal device. The transceiver module 502 is used to perform transceiver-related operations of the terminal device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 501 is used to perform processing-related operations of the terminal device in the above method embodiments.

[0276] For example, the processing module 501 can be used to measure the first reference signal to obtain the first channel matrix;

[0277] The processing module 501 can also be used to determine the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix; the first anchor channel matrix is ​​either a reference channel matrix or a second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bit stream.

[0278] The processing module 501 can also be used to compress the residual channel matrix to obtain the first compressed bit stream;

[0279] The transceiver module 502 can be used to send a first compressed bit stream to a network device, the first compressed bit stream being used to reconstruct a first channel matrix;

[0280] The processing module 501 can also be used to set the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix when no reset instruction is received from the network device; or, when a reset instruction is received from the network device, to set the initial anchor channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix.

[0281] Reuse Figure 5In some other embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to perform the actions performed by the network device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the communication device can be the network device itself or a chip or functional module configurable within the network device. The transceiver module 502 is used to perform transceiver-related operations of the network device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 501 is used to perform processing-related operations of the network device in the above method embodiments.

[0282] For example, transceiver module 502 can be used to receive a first compressed bit stream from a terminal device;

[0283] Processing module 501 can be used to decode the first compressed bit stream to obtain the residual channel matrix;

[0284] The processing module 501 can also be used to reconstruct a first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix; the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​either a reference channel matrix or a second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the compressed bit stream reported by the terminal device in the last time.

[0285] The processing module 501 can also be used to set the first channel matrix as the first anchor channel matrix if the first channel matrix is ​​successfully reconstructed.

[0286] The embodiments of this application and the method embodiments shown above are based on the same concept and have the same technical effects. For the specific principles, please refer to the description of the embodiments shown above, which will not be repeated here.

[0287] For example, transceiver module 502 may include radio frequency module, antenna module, etc. For example, transceiver module 502 may include pin module, etc.

[0288] Optionally, in the above embodiments, the communication device may further include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 501 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module to enable the device to implement the aforementioned method embodiments. For example, the storage module may also store the first compressed bit stream, first channel matrix, reference channel matrix, first information, anchor quality indication information, reference channel identifier, payload size indication information, etc., as shown above.

[0289] For details regarding the antenna port, beam, SRS, CSI-RS, CSI, traditional CSI feedback, AI / ML-based CSI feedback, CSI feedback type, payload, CSI feedback framework, and two-part CSI feedback in each of the above embodiments, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments. They will not be detailed here.

[0290] The specific descriptions of the transceiver module and processing module shown in the above embodiments are merely examples. For the specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver module and processing module, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0291] The apparatus of the embodiments of this application has been described above. The possible product forms of the described apparatus are described below. Any device possessing the above-described features... Figure 5 Any form of product that incorporates the functionality of the described device falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. The following description is merely illustrative and does not limit the product form of the device in the embodiments of this application to this specific example.

[0292] In one possible implementation, Figure 5 In the communication device shown, the processing module 501 can be one or more processing circuits, and the transceiver module 502 can be a transceiver circuit, or the transceiver module 502 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be a transmitting circuit, and the receiving module can be a receiving circuit, which are integrated into one device, such as a transceiver circuit. In the embodiments of this application, the processing circuit and the transceiver circuit can be coupled, etc., and the connection method of the processing circuit and the transceiver circuit is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In the process of performing the above method, the process of sending information in the above method can be the process of the processing circuit outputting the above information. When outputting the above information, the processing circuit outputs the above information to the transceiver circuit so that the transceiver circuit can transmit (or output). After the above information is output by the processing circuit, it may need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver circuit. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the above method can be the process of the processing circuit receiving the input above information. When the processing circuit receives the input information, the transceiver circuit receives the above information and inputs it into the processing circuit. Furthermore, after the transceiver circuit receives the aforementioned information, the information may need to undergo further processing before being input into the processing circuit.

[0293] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the communication device 60 includes one or more processing circuits 620 and transceiver circuits 610.

[0294] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device can be used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the terminal device described above. For example, the processing circuit 620 can be used to perform, for example... Figure 5 The transceiver circuit 610 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 501 shown. Figure 5 The transceiver module 502 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed descriptions of the processing circuit 620 and the transceiver circuit 610, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 5Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0295] In other embodiments of this application, the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the network device described above. For example, the processing circuit 620 can be used to perform, for example... Figure 5 The transceiver circuit 610 can be used to perform the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 501 shown. Figure 5 The transceiver module 502 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed descriptions of the processing circuit 620 and the transceiver circuit 610, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 5 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0296] For example, the processing circuitry may be one or more processors, or all or part of the circuitry within one or more processors. The transceiver circuitry may be a transceiver, an input / output circuit, or an interface circuit, etc.

[0297] For example, in Figure 6 In various implementations of the illustrated apparatus, the transceiver circuitry may include a receiver for performing a receiving function (or operation) and a transmitter for performing a transmitting function (or operation). The transceiver circuitry is also used for communicating with other devices / appliances via a transmission medium.

[0298] Optionally, the communication device 60 may further include one or more memories 630 for storing program instructions and / or data. The memory 630 is coupled to the processing circuitry 620. The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processing circuitry 620 may operate in conjunction with the memory 630. The processing circuitry 620 can execute the program instructions stored in the memory 630. Optionally, at least one of the aforementioned memories may be included in the processing circuitry.

[0299] This application embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the transceiver circuit 610, the processing circuit 620, and the memory 630. This application embodiment... Figure 6 The memory 630, processing circuit 620, and transceiver circuit 610 are connected via a bus 640. Figure 6 The connections between other components are shown in bold and are for illustrative purposes only, not as limiting information. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 6 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0300] In the embodiments of this application, the processing circuit may be a general-purpose processing circuit, a digital signal processing circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, etc., and can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processing circuit may be a microprocessor circuit or any conventional processing circuit, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processing circuit, or being executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processing circuit, etc.

[0301] In this application embodiment, the memory may include, but is not limited to, non-volatile memory such as hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), read-only memory (ROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), etc. Memory is any storage medium capable of carrying or storing program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and capable of being read and / or written by a computer (such as the device shown in this application), but is not limited to this. The memory in this application embodiment may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions, used to store program instructions and / or data.

[0302] For example, the processing circuit 620 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire device, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The memory 630 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver circuit 610 may include a control circuit and an antenna. The control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touch screens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0303] When the device is powered on, the processing circuit 620 can read the software program in the memory 630, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processing circuit 620 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit then performs RF processing on the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processing circuit 620. The processing circuit 620 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0304] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuit and antenna can be set up independently of the processing circuit that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and antenna can be arranged remotely, independent of the device.

[0305] The apparatus shown in the embodiments of this application may also have a higher... Figure 6 This application does not limit the use of other components or other related elements. The methods performed by the processing circuit and transceiver circuit shown above are merely examples; the specific steps performed by the processing circuit and transceiver circuit can be found in the methods described above.

[0306] In another possible implementation, Figure 5 In the illustrated device, the processing module 501 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver module 502 can be an input / output interface, or a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiver module 502 can also be a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module can be an output interface, and the receiving module can be an input interface. The transmitting module and the receiving module are integrated into one module, such as an input / output interface.

[0307] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The communication device shown includes logic circuit 701 and interface circuit 702. That is, the processing module 501 can be implemented using logic circuit 701, and the transceiver module 502 can be implemented using interface circuit 702. The logic circuit 701 can be a chip, processing circuit, integrated circuit, or system-on-chip (SoC) chip, etc., and the interface circuit 702 can be a communication interface, input / output interface, pins, etc. For example, Figure 7 The above-mentioned communication device is used as an example of a chip, which includes a logic circuit 701 and an interface circuit 702.

[0308] In this embodiment, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the logic circuit 701 can be used to perform... Figure 5 The interface circuit 702 can be used to execute the functions or steps implemented by the processing module 501 shown. Figure 5 The transceiver module 502 shown illustrates the functions or steps implemented by this module. For detailed explanations of the logic circuit 701 and the interface circuit 702, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 5 Alternatively, the method embodiments shown above will not be described in detail here.

[0309] The apparatus shown in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or software, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0310] This application also provides a communication system, which includes a terminal device and a network device, which can be used to perform the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0311] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by various devices in the method provided in this application.

[0312] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the various devices in the methods provided in this application.

[0313] This application also provides a computer program product comprising computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by various entities in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0314] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or modules, or they may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.

[0315] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0316] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The integrated modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules.

[0317] If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0318] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: The first reference signal is measured to obtain the first channel matrix; The residual channel matrix is ​​determined based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix; the first anchor channel matrix is ​​either the reference channel matrix or the second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the previously reported compressed bit stream. The residual channel matrix is ​​compressed to obtain a first compressed bit stream; The first compressed bit stream is sent to the network device, and the first compressed bit stream is used to reconstruct the first channel matrix; If no reset instruction is received from the network device, the first channel matrix is ​​set to the first anchor channel matrix; or, if a reset instruction is received from the network device, the initial anchor channel matrix is ​​set to the first anchor channel matrix.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first anchor channel matrix is ​​the reference channel matrix; before determining the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the method further includes: Obtain the initial anchor point channel matrix; The reference channel matrix is ​​obtained by measuring the second reference signal; The reference channel matrix is ​​sent to the network device; If no reset instruction is received from the network device, the reference channel matrix is ​​set to the first anchor channel matrix; or, if a reset instruction is received from the network device, the initial anchor channel matrix is ​​set to the first anchor channel matrix.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first compressed bitstream carries first information; the first information also carries one or more of the following: reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information; The reference channel identifier is configured by the network device and is used to synchronize the state of the anchor reference channel corresponding to the first anchor channel matrix; the anchor quality indication information is used to indicate the quality of the first anchor channel matrix; and the payload size indication information is used to indicate the payload size of the first compressed bit stream.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: A reset command is received from the network device under at least one of the following conditions: The network device fails the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the first compressed bit stream; or... The anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​severely aged; or... The effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​exceeded.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: The version information of the first anchor channel matrix, the time information of the first anchor channel matrix, the reset flag, the parameter value of the time alignment function, the sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the residual energy ratio is less than a first threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy; or, If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to a first threshold and less than or equal to a second threshold, the anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​normal; or... If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the third threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a warning; or, If the residual energy ratio is greater than or equal to the third threshold, the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​severely aged. The residual energy ratio is determined based on the first channel matrix and the residual channel matrix.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the residual channel matrix based on the first channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix includes: The first anchor channel matrix is ​​processed based on the time alignment function to obtain the second anchor channel matrix; the second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the network device side to reconstruct the channel matrix; Determine the residual channel matrix between the second anchor channel matrix and the first channel matrix.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first channel matrix includes the original channel matrix and / or the precoding matrix.

9. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive the first compressed bit stream from the terminal device; The first compressed bitstream is decoded to obtain the residual channel matrix; The first channel matrix is ​​reconstructed based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor point channel matrix; the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​either a reference channel matrix or a second channel matrix, and the second channel matrix is ​​the channel matrix reconstructed from the compressed bit stream previously reported by the terminal device. If the first channel matrix is ​​successfully reconstructed, the first channel matrix is ​​set as the first anchor channel matrix.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first anchor channel matrix is ​​the reference channel matrix; before reconstructing the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix, the method further includes: Obtain the initial anchor point channel matrix; Receive the reference channel matrix from the terminal device; If the reference channel matrix is ​​successfully decoded, the reference channel matrix is ​​set as the first anchor channel matrix; or, if the reference channel matrix fails to be decoded, the initial anchor channel matrix is ​​set as the first anchor channel matrix.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first compressed bitstream carries first information; the first information also carries one or more of the following: reference channel identifier, anchor quality indication information, or payload size indication information; The reference channel identifier is configured for the terminal device and is used to synchronize the state of the anchor reference channel corresponding to the first anchor channel matrix; the anchor quality indication information is used to indicate the quality of the first anchor channel matrix; and the payload size indication information is used to indicate the payload size of the first compressed bit stream.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: A reset command is sent to the terminal device and the initial anchor channel matrix is ​​set to the first anchor channel matrix under at least one of the following conditions: The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the first compressed bitstream failed; or, The anchor point quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​severely aged; or... The effective duration of the first anchor point channel matrix is ​​exceeded.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The reference channel identifier is associated with at least one of the following: The version information of the first anchor channel matrix, the time information of the first anchor channel matrix, the reset flag, the parameter value of the time alignment function, the sequence number of the first anchor channel matrix, or the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix.

14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The anchor quality indication information indicates whether the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​healthy, normal, warning, or severely aged.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the anchor quality indication information indicates that the quality of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​a warning, the effective duration of the first anchor channel matrix is ​​reduced.

16. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The reconstructing of the first channel matrix based on the residual channel matrix and the first anchor channel matrix includes: The first anchor channel matrix is ​​processed based on the time alignment function to obtain the second anchor channel matrix; the second anchor channel matrix is ​​time-aligned with the anchor channel matrix used by the terminal device to determine the residual channel matrix; The first channel matrix is ​​reconstructed based on the second anchor channel matrix and the residual channel matrix.

17. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first channel matrix includes the original channel matrix and / or the precoding matrix.

18. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-8, or includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 9-17.

19. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processing circuit and a transceiver circuit, the transceiver circuit being used to input and / or output information, and the processing circuit being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8, or the processing circuit being used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 9-17.

20. A chip, characterized in that, It includes a processing circuit and an interface circuit, the processing circuit and the interface circuit being coupled; the interface circuit is used for inputting and / or outputting information, and the processing circuit is used for executing code instructions to cause the method of any one of claims 1-8 to be executed, or to cause the method of any one of claims 9-17 to be executed.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, which, when executed, performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-8, or the method as described in any one of claims 9-17.

22. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is executed, the method as described in any one of claims 1-8 is executed, or the method as described in any one of claims 9-17 is executed.

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