Invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method and device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of brain-computer interface wireless communication technology, in particular to an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the case of detecting that the current mode is an enhanced burst transmission mode, acquiring electroencephalogram signals collected by the invasive brain-computer interface based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and sending the electroencephalogram signals to a target host computer; in the case of detecting that the current mode is the enhanced burst transmission mode, receiving a stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and sending the stimulation current instruction to the invasive brain-computer interface. Therefore, the problem that mainstream communication protocols such as BLE protocols and Wi-Fi protocols are difficult to balance between low power consumption and high speed due to the limitation of their respective architectures and characteristics, thereby restricting the real-time performance and reliability of the brain-computer interface system, and even possibly affecting the biological safety is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of brain-computer interface wireless communication technology, in particular to an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In related technologies, in the invasive brain-computer interface system, the real-time acquisition of neural signals and the accurate feedback of stimulation instructions highly depend on efficient and reliable wireless communication technology, among which, the BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) protocol and the Wi-Fi protocol are most widely used. The BLE protocol has the characteristics of low power consumption, moderate transmission distance and simple device connection, and is suitable for data transmission of portable or wearable brain-computer interface devices; the Wi-Fi protocol has higher data transmission rate and more stable network connection, and is suitable for scenarios requiring large bandwidth and multi-channel data transmission; both of them can realize real-time transmission of multi-channel neural signals and issuance of stimulation instructions, thereby supporting real-time interaction and closed-loop control of the brain-computer interface system.

[0003] However, in related technologies, due to the communication mechanism of the BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) protocol defined by the protocol, the connection interval cannot be less than 7.5 milliseconds, which may cause a large delay in the transmission of the acquired brain electrical data to the host computer system, thereby failing to meet the requirements of high real-time applications; although the Wi-Fi protocol has a higher transmission rate, it has a large power consumption, and long-time operation may produce a joule heat effect, causing the surface temperature of the module to rise, increasing the risk of damage to the surrounding tissues, thereby affecting the reliability and safety of the brain-computer interface system. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method and device to solve the problem in related technologies that in the wireless communication technology of the invasive brain-computer interface, due to the limitations of the respective architectures and characteristics of the BLE protocol and the Wi-Fi protocol, it is difficult to balance between low power consumption and high speed, thereby restricting the real-time performance and reliability of the brain-computer interface system, and even possibly affecting the biological safety.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method, comprising the following steps: detecting the current mode of the wireless relay module; in the case that the current mode is detected as an enhanced burst transmission mode, acquiring the brain electrical signals collected by the invasive brain-computer interface based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and sending the brain electrical signals to a target host computer; in the case that the current mode is detected as an enhanced burst transmission mode, receiving the stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and sending the stimulation current instruction to the invasive brain-computer interface.

[0006] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the application can realize low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, in cooperation with the extracorporeal wireless relay module as the main transmitter, the intracorporeal invasive brain-computer interface and the remote target host computer as the main receiver role configuration mode, can reduce the communication burden of the invasive brain-computer interface itself, avoid the problem of power consumption increase and heat accumulation caused by high-power wireless transmission to the intracorporeal device, thereby effectively alleviating the key engineering problems such as power consumption limitation, heat safety control and insufficient endurance of the invasive device in actual use, and improving the biological compatibility and clinical application feasibility of the system.

[0007] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, before acquiring the electroencephalogram collected by the invasive brain-computer interface and receiving the stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer, it further comprises: based on a preset frequency, performing an active polling process, and sequentially sending data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer.

[0008] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the application can sequentially send data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer according to the active polling process, can realize fine control of communication timing, and significantly improve the data transmission real-time performance and stability of the system in complex wireless environment, effectively avoiding the communication bottleneck and data packet loss problem.

[0009] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, when the electroencephalogram is acquired or the stimulation current instruction is received, the active polling process is terminated.

[0010] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the application can receive the payload replied by any main receiver and terminate the current request process, which can avoid the additional energy consumption and communication delay caused by repeated requests, and further improve the real-time performance and energy efficiency of the system by reducing invalid query interactions.

[0011] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, before detecting the current mode of the wireless relay module, it further comprises: determining the communication role and address configuration based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; and performing communication setting based on the communication role and the address configuration.

[0012] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the application can configure the communication role and corresponding communication address of a single main transmitter and multiple main receivers according to the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, which can effectively solve the communication conflict problem caused by simultaneous sending of multiple main transmitters, thereby improving the real-time performance and stability of system data forwarding.

[0013] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the communication setting based on the communication role and the address configuration comprises: initializing the invasive brain-computer interface module as a master receiver, binding to a communication pipe of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; configuring the wireless relay module as a master transmitter; and configuring the target host computer as another master receiver, binding to the communication pipe 1, wherein the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target host computer share a consistent base address, and pipe differentiation is performed by setting different address prefixes.

[0014] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can configure the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target host computer to share a consistent base address, and pipe differentiation is performed by setting different address prefixes, so that parallel communication and logical isolation of multiple data links can be realized, thereby ensuring the independence and stability between different signal channels and avoiding data conflict and interference.

[0015] The second aspect embodiment of the present application provides an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication device, comprising: a detection module configured to detect a current mode of the wireless relay module; a brain-computer interface module configured to, in a case where it is detected that the current mode is an enhanced burst transmission mode, acquire electroencephalogram signals collected by an invasive brain-computer interface based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and send the electroencephalogram signals to a target host computer; and a host computer module configured to, in a case where it is detected that the current mode is an enhanced burst transmission mode, receive a stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and send the stimulation current instruction to the invasive brain-computer interface.

[0016] Through the above technical means, the embodiment of the present application can realize low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, in cooperation with the role configuration mode of the external wireless relay module as a master transmitter, and the invasive brain-computer interface and the remote target host computer as master receivers, so as to reduce the communication burden of the invasive brain-computer interface itself, avoid the problem of power consumption increase and heat accumulation caused by high-power wireless transmission to the internal device, thereby effectively alleviating the key engineering difficulties such as power consumption limitation, heat safety control and insufficient endurance of the invasive device in actual use, and improving the biological compatibility and clinical application feasibility of the system.

[0017] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the active polling module is further configured to perform an active polling process based on a preset frequency, and sequentially send a data request to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer.

[0018] Through the technical means, the embodiment of the application can send data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target upper computer in turn according to the active polling process, can realize fine control of communication timing, and significantly improves the data transmission real-time performance and stability of the system in a complex wireless environment, effectively avoiding the communication bottleneck and data packet loss problem.

[0019] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, the active polling process is terminated when the electroencephalogram signal is acquired or the stimulation current instruction is received.

[0020] Through the technical means, the embodiment of the application can suspend the current request process when receiving the payload replied by any master receiver, can avoid the additional energy consumption and communication delay caused by repeated requests, and further improves the real-time performance and energy efficiency of the system by reducing invalid query interactions.

[0021] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, further comprising: a determination module configured to determine a communication role and an address configuration based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; and a setting module configured to perform communication setting based on the communication role and the address configuration.

[0022] Through the technical means, the embodiment of the application can configure the communication role and the corresponding communication address of the single master transmitter and the multiple master receivers according to the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, can effectively solve the communication conflict problem caused by the simultaneous sending of multiple master transmitters, and thus improves the real-time performance and stability of system data forwarding.

[0023] Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, the setting module comprises: a binding module configured to initialize the invasive brain-computer interface as a master receiver and bind it to a communication pipe of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; a transmitter configuration module configured to configure the wireless relay module as a master transmitter; and a receiver configuration module configured to configure the target upper computer as another master receiver and bind it to the communication pipe 1, wherein the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target upper computer share a consistent base address and are distinguished by different address prefixes.

[0024] Through the technical means, the embodiment of the application can configure the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target upper computer to share a consistent base address and are distinguished by different address prefixes, can realize parallel communication and logical isolation of multiple data links, and thus guarantees the independence and stability between different signal channels and avoids data conflict and interference.

[0025] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method of the invasive brain-computer interface as described in the above embodiments.

[0026] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the program is executed by a processor to implement the low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method of the invasive brain-computer interface as described above.

[0027] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed to implement the low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method of the invasive brain-computer interface as described above.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent from the following description of the application, which will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of a low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method of an invasive brain-computer interface according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 A data communication diagram based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol for an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 A timing diagram of a data transmission scheduling mechanism for an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 A principle diagram of a low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method of an invasive brain-computer interface for an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 A block diagram of a low-power and low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device of an invasive brain-computer interface according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 A structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0037] 10 - Invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device; 100 - detection module, 200 - brain-computer interface module, 300 - host computer module; 601 - memory, 602 - processor, 603 - communication interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0039] The invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method and device of the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In view of the technical problems that the BLE protocol and Wi-Fi protocol mentioned in the background art are difficult to balance between low power consumption and high speed due to their respective architectures and characteristics, thereby restricting the real-time performance and reliability of the brain-computer interface system, and even possibly affecting the biological safety, the present application provides an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method. In the method, a lightweight communication scheme based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol is introduced, and a role configuration mode is configured with an extracorporeal wireless relay module as a main transmitter, an intracorporeal invasive brain-computer interface and a remote target host computer as a main receiver. Low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication is achieved, which can effectively solve the problems of data collision, timing confusion and resource competition in the relay communication scenario of multi-transmitter architecture. At the same time, the high-frequency active polling process can actively control the data interaction process, which can significantly improve the anti-interference ability, data throughput performance and transmission timeliness in complex wireless environments, and can significantly prolong the endurance time of the intracorporeal device, and has good system scalability and platform compatibility, and has significant engineering promotion value and broad clinical application prospect. Thus, the problem of the related art that the mainstream communication protocols such as BLE protocol and Wi-Fi protocol are difficult to balance between low power consumption and high speed due to their respective architectures and characteristics, thereby restricting the real-time performance and reliability of the brain-computer interface system, and even possibly affecting the biological safety is solved.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 1 A flowchart of an invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method is applied to a wireless relay module, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0042] In step S101, the current mode of the wireless relay module is detected.

[0043] The wireless relay module can be a functional unit integrating a microprocessor, a radio frequency transceiver chip, and an antenna, and is placed outside the body to operate and has the ability of signal receiving, processing, and forwarding, and can be used to realize stable data relay and communication between the implanted end and external equipment in the invasive brain-computer interface communication. The wireless relay module can include but is not limited to a BLE transmission mode, a Wi-Fi transmission mode, an enhanced burst transmission mode, etc., can be a transmission mode determined in advance through programming and burning, and all work in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. The wireless relay module can realize data receiving, processing, and forwarding according to different application requirements. The BLE transmission mode usually relies on a complex protocol stack for data interaction, needs to establish a connection and communicate according to a fixed connection interval, and can have problems of delay or limited throughput in high real-time and large data transmission scenarios. The Wi-Fi transmission mode can provide a relatively high data transmission rate, but has relatively high power consumption, and can increase the energy consumption and heat load of the external module during long-term operation. The enhanced burst transmission mode can use a "connectionless" data communication mechanism, that is, data transmission between communication devices can be realized through address identification. In this mode, the module operating current can be controlled to the single-digit milliampere level, so as to balance the low power consumption and real-time data transmission requirements to a certain extent. The wireless relay module can also use other types of transmission modes according to application requirements, which are not limited here.

[0044] The embodiment of the present application can detect the current mode of the wireless relay module to determine whether it is in the BLE transmission mode, the Wi-Fi transmission mode, the enhanced burst transmission mode, or other transmission modes. The detection method can include but is not limited to reading the internal register or status word of the wireless relay module through the microprocessor interface to obtain the identification information of the current mode, or analyzing the data packet structure transmitted by the module at the data link layer or physical layer based on the signaling interaction of the protocol layer to identify the current mode, which can be set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and is not limited here.

[0045] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, before detecting the current mode of the wireless relay module, the method further includes: determining a communication role and address configuration based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; and performing communication setting based on the communication role and address configuration.

[0046] As a possible implementation, in the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, the embodiment of the application defines two types of communication roles, namely a master transmitter and a master receiver, and the data units transmitted by the master transmitter and the master receiver are payloads. The preset enhanced burst transmission protocol can support a star network topology, usually has one master receiver and up to eight master transmitters, and devices do not need to establish a connection, but only need to transmit data through address configuration; up to eight logical addresses, referred to as communication pipes, can be stored on each device, and each communication pipe corresponds to an address; the address is composed of a base address and a prefix address, only communication pipe 0 uses base address 0, and the rest of the communication pipes use the same base address 1, and each communication pipe has a unique address. Further, the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol data transmission can be performed by the master transmitter actively sending the payload to the master receiver, and the master receiver sends a reply to the master transmitter after receiving the data, and the master receiver cannot actively send the payload to the master transmitter. To realize bidirectional transmission, the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol can allow the master receiver to send the payload to the master receiver together with the reply. When the master receiver needs to send data, the payload is placed in the cache, and when the master transmitter corresponding to the communication pipe sends data to the master receiver, the master receiver sends the payload in the cache to the master receiver together with the reply.

[0047] In actual execution, as shown in Figure 2 When the master receiver needs to send data, the payload is placed in the cache, and when the master transmitter corresponding to the communication pipe sends data to the master receiver, the master receiver sends the payload in the cache to the master receiver together with the reply. The enhanced burst transmission protocol usually has an automatic retransmission mechanism, and each data packet contains a 2-bit data packet identity field in the data packet header and a cyclic check code of the data packet. The cyclic check code can be used to check whether a complete and error-free data packet is received, and if retransmission occurs, the identity field is used to distinguish the new data packet from the previous data packet. The master transmitter needs to set the retransmission delay and the number of retransmissions during initialization. If the master transmitter does not receive a reply from the master receiver within the retransmission delay after sending the payload, it will perform a retransmission, and if the number of retransmissions reaches the set number of retransmissions, it will be considered that the payload transmission fails. The automatic retransmission mechanism is also applicable to the case where the master receiver sends data to the master transmitter. First, the master transmitter sends any data to the master receiver, which can be understood as a data request. Then, the master receiver sends the payload to the master transmitter together with the reply, and if the master receiver does not correctly receive the payload and the reply sent by the master transmitter, it will resend the data with the same identity field to the master receiver. When the master receiver receives the data with the same identity field, it realizes that the payload has not been successfully sent, and then it sends the previously sent payload and the reply to the master transmitter again. If the number of retransmissions reaches the number of retransmissions set by the master transmitter, the master transmitter considers that the data request fails to be sent, and the data is not successfully obtained.

[0048] Optionally, in one embodiment of the application, the communication setting based on the communication role and address configuration includes: initializing the invasive brain-computer interface as a master receiver, binding to the communication pipe of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; configuring the wireless relay module as a master transmitter; configuring the target host computer as another master receiver, binding to the communication pipe 1, wherein the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target host computer share a consistent base address, and the pipes are distinguished by setting different address prefixes.

[0049] In some cases, a general enhanced burst transmission protocol device can only have one role, and when multiple device data transmission is performed, the enhanced burst transmission protocol defines a point-to-point communication model of single master receiver and multiple master transmitters. It can take the invasive brain-computer interface as a master transmitter, the wireless relay module as a master receiver, and the target host computer as a master transmitter. In the general enhanced burst transmission protocol, the actual transmission is initiated by the master transmitter, so the invasive brain-computer interface can actively send data to the wireless relay module at a regular time, and when the wireless relay module forwards the data, only the target host computer can send a data request, and the wireless relay module can send the data and the reply together. Since the master receiver can only process the payload of one master receiver at the same time, when the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer send payloads to the wireless relay module at the same time, a conflict will occur. If the target host computer sends a request at the same frequency as the invasive brain-computer interface sends data, it is easy to cause the wireless relay module to not receive the data of the invasive brain-computer interface or the target host computer, resulting in a large number of packet loss. If the target host computer sends data requests at a frequency less than the invasive brain-computer interface sends data, it will cause data to accumulate in the wireless relay module and cannot be sent to the target host computer in time, resulting in long-time continuous packet loss. If the target host computer sends data requests at a frequency greater than the invasive brain-computer interface sends data, it will cause the wireless relay module to be occupied by the target host computer for a large amount of time, and cannot receive the data sent by the invasive brain-computer interface in time, resulting in a small amount of packet loss.

[0050] The role allocation manner of the embodiment of the application is different from the point-to-point communication model of single master receiver and multiple master transmitters defined by a general enhanced shock burst protocol. In view of the structural limitation that the master receiver passively receives and the master transmitter actively transmits in the original communication model, and the problems such as forwarding conflict and timing confusion caused by multi-source data competition in the relay scene, the extracorporeal wireless relay module is configured as the master transmitter, the invasive brain-computer interface and the remote target host computer device are both defined as the master receiver, and a forwarding type communication model of single master transmitter and multiple master receivers is constructed. The communication model can fully utilize the communication mechanism that all data transmission is actively initiated by the master transmitter in the general ESB (Enhanced Shock Burst) protocol, uniformly schedule the communication process by the wireless relay module, and realize accurate timing control in the relay participating bidirectional wireless communication by combining high frequency data request and strict retransmission control logic.

[0051] Specifically, the embodiment of the application can initialize the invasive brain-computer interface module as the master receiver and bind it to the communication pipe 0 of the enhanced shock burst protocol by the module initialization manner such as protocol handshake initialization and mode switching interface initialization; the extracorporeal wireless relay module is configured as the master transmitter; and the remote target host computer is configured as another master receiver and is bound to the communication pipe 1. The three share the same base address, and the communication pipe can be distinguished by setting different address prefixes. After the above configuration, the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer will enter the data receiving preparation state, and wait for the data request signal from the wireless relay module, including but not limited to electroencephalogram signal and stimulation current instruction, which will be described in detail below.

[0052] In step S102, in the case of detecting that the current mode is the enhanced shock burst transmission mode, the electroencephalogram signal collected by the invasive brain-computer interface is acquired based on the preset enhanced shock burst transmission protocol, and the electroencephalogram signal is sent to the target host computer.

[0053] The enhanced shock burst transmission mode is further described herein. In the case of the enhanced shock burst transmission mode, the wireless relay module can receive the electroencephalogram signal collected by the invasive brain-computer interface based on the preset enhanced shock burst transmission protocol, and stably forward it to the remote target host computer within a range of 10 meters for further processing and analysis by a forwarding mode including but not limited to direct forwarding, compression or encoding forwarding and the like.

[0054] In step S103, in the case of detecting that the current mode is the enhanced shock burst transmission mode, the stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer is received based on the preset enhanced shock burst transmission protocol, and the stimulation current instruction is sent to the invasive brain-computer interface.

[0055] It can be illustrated that in the case of based on the enhanced burst transmission mode, the wireless relay module based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol can also forward the stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer to the invasive brain-computer interface through modes including but not limited to direct forwarding, compression or encoding forwarding and the like.

[0056] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, before the acquired electroencephalogram signal of the invasive brain-computer interface and the received stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer, it further comprises: based on a preset frequency, performing an active polling process, and sequentially sending data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer.

[0057] The preset frequency can be between 0.1 and 0.5 ms to ensure low-delay data acquisition and fast response, which can be set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and is not specifically limited here.

[0058] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the electroencephalogram signal is acquired or the stimulation current instruction is received, the active polling process is terminated.

[0059] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application can establish a communication model based on the wireless relay module as the main transmitter, the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer as the main receiver, and realize centralized timing control of the two-way communication process. In this communication model, the wireless relay module actively polls the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer according to the set high frequency in sequence, once the payload returned by any main receiver is received, the current request process is immediately terminated, and the data content is forwarded to the corresponding receiving end, realizing the relay forwarding function; then the wireless relay module continues to restore the active polling process and initiates a high-frequency request to the other party again, and waits for a new payload to be generated before forwarding again. Through the above dynamic communication model, the wireless relay module can accurately control the communication time slot between itself and the upstream and downstream devices, can avoid the data competition and transmission conflict existing in the traditional multi-main transmitter architecture, and can significantly improve the data interaction efficiency and stability. This communication model not only can effectively reduce the transmission delay, but also can improve the data throughput capacity, and meet the wireless communication requirements of bidirectional neural signals and control instructions under the requirement of high timing accuracy.

[0060] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the principle of the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method of the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] As shown in Figure 4As shown, the embodiment of the present application can be composed of an invasive brain-computer interface, a wireless relay module and a target host computer. The invasive brain-computer interface can collect multi-channel electroencephalogram signals through a low-power data acquisition module and amplify them, convert them into digital signals and send them to the wireless relay module; the wireless relay module integrates a microprocessor and an antenna, can receive the data of the invasive brain-computer interface in real time, and forward them to the target host computer in real time through a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and complete data display, storage and processing in the target host computer; the target host computer can also configure the output stimulation current of the invasive brain-computer interface and forward it to the invasive brain-computer interface through the wireless relay module. The wireless relay module can serve as a key communication bridge for the communication of the invasive brain-computer interface, can significantly reduce the antenna transmission power requirement of the in-vivo module, thereby effectively reducing the power consumption and heat load of the in-vivo device, prolonging the continuous working time of the system, and improving the biological safety and use comfort.

[0062] Further, the embodiment of the present application can include the following steps:

[0063] (1) Initialization and role configuration.

[0064] First, the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol communication role and address configuration of each device in the embodiment of the present application, such as the invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module and the target host computer, are completed, and the receiving channel of the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer is opened.

[0065] (2) Electroencephalogram signal acquisition and wireless relay module request scheduling.

[0066] After each device enters the working state, the invasive brain-computer interface starts the low-power acquisition circuit to continuously collect multi-channel electroencephalogram signals, and completes amplification and analog-to-digital conversion through an analog front end, the obtained digital signals are packaged into data frames and stored in the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol sending buffer area; at the same time, the in-vivo wireless relay module can send a fixed format 1-byte request payload to the invasive brain-computer interface module and the host computer at a set fixed time interval of 0.1 milliseconds, which is used as a communication wake-up signal to obtain whether there is data to be sent on both sides, so as to realize active polling process scheduling and state judgment of the data channel.

[0067] (3) Electroencephalogram signal forwarding.

[0068] When the invasive brain-computer interface receives the request data signal from the wireless relay module, if there is already collected but not yet uploaded electroencephalogram signal in the sending buffer of the invasive brain-computer interface, the invasive brain-computer interface automatically loads the data into the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol payload, and sends the data back to the wireless relay module together with the response signal. After the wireless relay module detects that the response of the communication pipe 0 contains the payload, the wireless relay module immediately stops the current request active polling process, and forwards the payload to the target host computer through the pipe 1. After receiving the response signal of the target host computer, it indicates that the data is successfully transmitted, and the wireless relay module resumes the polling mechanism, and continues to send data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer, to prepare for processing the next frame of data or instructions, to ensure continuous, efficient and conflict-free data transmission process.

[0069] (4) The issuance and execution of the stimulation current instruction.

[0070] When the target host computer needs to issue a nerve stimulation current instruction, the stimulation instruction is packaged into a payload according to a predefined protocol format, and is loaded into the sending buffer area of the communication pipe 1. After the target host computer receives the data request sent by the wireless relay module, the target host computer sends the stimulation current instruction as a payload to the wireless relay module together with the response signal. After the wireless relay module receives the reply, the wireless relay module immediately stops the active polling operation, and forwards the stimulation current instruction to the invasive brain-computer interface through the communication pipe 0. After the invasive brain-computer interface receives the stimulation instruction, the invasive brain-computer interface suspends the current data acquisition task, starts the stimulation control unit, and outputs a corresponding nerve stimulation current signal according to the stimulation current instruction content. This process can be completed through the response mechanism in the protocol design to achieve closed-loop confirmation, to ensure that the stimulation current instruction has a clear timing mark and execution feedback before and after it actually takes effect, and to ensure the accuracy of the nerve stimulation and the overall stability of the system.

[0071] In order to illustrate the effect of the embodiment of the application, the following is a specific example for experimental verification.

[0072] In order to verify the effectiveness and superior performance of the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method proposed in the embodiment of the application in actual application, a series of comparative experiments are performed. The experiments are based on the core communication performance requirements of low power consumption, high bandwidth, strong real-time performance and high stability of the invasive brain-computer interface communication. The invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method, the BLE protocol and the Wi-Fi protocol are selected as three communication methods, and the key performance indicators such as overall power consumption, average data transmission rate, end-to-end communication delay and data packet loss rate are compared and tested.

[0073] It can be explained that all tests are carried out in a typical high interference environment, that is, in the presence of ten different 2.4GHz frequency band wireless signals running simultaneously, to more truly simulate the working performance in a complex electromagnetic environment. The total distance of wireless transmission is set to 2 meters, which meets the communication path requirements of in-vivo-in-vitro-terminal in actual clinical or experimental scenarios.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present application, in order to ensure the comparability and accuracy of the test results, the same hardware platform is used for all method configurations during the experiment, including low-power microcontrollers and multi-channel neural data acquisition chips of the same model. In the power consumption test part, the present embodiment measures the steady-state current under different communication protocol operations by connecting a high-precision multimeter in series at the power input end of the communication module, to obtain the actual working power consumption data; the data transmission rate is calculated based on the data packet reception rate, which is statistically calculated in real time at the target host computer end; the transmission delay is measured by using a high-precision GPIO (General-Purpose Input / Output, General-Purpose Input / Output Interface) trigger-receiver mechanism, wherein the invasive brain-computer interface outputs a pulse signal after completing a data acquisition, and the target host computer starts timing after detecting the rising edge of the pulse, and stops timing after receiving the data packet, and the time interval is the end-to-end transmission delay; in the packet loss rate test, a constant input signal source is used to drive the invasive brain-computer interface module to output data packets periodically, and the packet header is encoded in an incremental manner, and the receiving end checks the integrity of the received data packet number, to thereby statistically check the data loss. In order to ensure the stability and repeatability of the experimental results, all index tests are continuously run for 1 hour as a group, and the power is restarted after each group of tests is completed, and a total of 10 groups of tests are carried out, and the final result is taken as an average value and listed in Table 1. Table 1 is the comparison test results of the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method, BLE, and Wi-Fi communication protocol of the embodiments of the present application.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] The experimental results show that under the above unified test conditions, the low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method of the invasive brain-computer interface proposed in the embodiment of the application is significantly better than the BLE and Wi-Fi schemes in many key indicators. Specifically, in terms of communication delay, the method proposed in the embodiment of the application can significantly reduce the waiting and protocol overhead in data interaction due to the use of active scheduling of the main transmitter and the lightweight communication process, thereby realizing lower system-level communication delay, and is particularly suitable for the strict requirement of real-time performance of neural signal transmission; in terms of power consumption, the running current is controlled at the level of milliamperes due to the use of the simplified communication logic based on the ESB protocol and the active control strategy, which is much lower than the high power consumption characteristic of Wi-Fi communication; in addition, the method proposed in the embodiment of the application still shows a low packet loss rate and stable data throughput capacity under high interference conditions, verifying its anti-interference and reliability in complex environments.

[0078] The low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication method of the invasive brain-computer interface proposed in the embodiment of the application introduces a lightweight communication scheme based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, cooperates with an extracorporeal wireless relay module as a main transmitter, and configures a mode of the role of an intracorporeal invasive brain-computer interface and a remote target host computer as a main receiver, realizes low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication, can effectively solve the problems of data conflict, timing confusion and resource competition of the multi-transmitter architecture in the relay communication scene, at the same time, the high-frequency active polling process can realize active control of the data interaction process, can significantly improve the anti-interference ability, data throughput performance and transmission timeliness in complex wireless environments, can also significantly prolong the endurance time of the intracorporeal device, has good system scalability and platform compatibility, has significant engineering promotion value and broad clinical application prospect.

[0079] Secondly, the low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication device of the invasive brain-computer interface proposed in the embodiment of the application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] Figure 5 is a block schematic diagram of the low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication device of the invasive brain-computer interface in the embodiment of the application.

[0081] As shown in Figure 5 , the low-power and low-delay bidirectional wireless communication device 10 of the invasive brain-computer interface comprises a detection module 100, a brain-computer interface module 200 and a host computer module 300.

[0082] The detection module 100 is configured to detect the current mode of the wireless relay module.

[0083] The brain-computer interface module 200 is configured to, in the case of detecting that the current mode is the enhanced burst transmission mode, acquire the electroencephalogram signal collected by the invasive brain-computer interface based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and send the electroencephalogram signal to the target host computer.

[0084] The host computer module 300 is configured to receive the stimulation current instruction issued by the target host computer based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol when it is detected that the current mode is the enhanced burst transmission mode, and send the stimulation current instruction to the invasive brain-computer interface.

[0085] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method further comprises a polling module.

[0086] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the polling module is configured to perform a polling process based on a preset frequency, and sequentially send a data request to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer.

[0087] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the polling process is terminated when the EEG signal is acquired or the stimulation current instruction is received.

[0088] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method further comprises a determination module and a setting module.

[0089] The determination module is configured to determine the communication role and address configuration based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol.

[0090] The setting module is configured to perform communication setting based on the communication role and address configuration.

[0091] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the setting module comprises a binding module, a transmitter configuration module and a receiver configuration module.

[0092] The binding module is configured to initialize the invasive brain-computer interface as a main receiver and bind it to a communication pipe of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol.

[0093] The transmitter configuration module is configured to configure the wireless relay module as a main transmitter.

[0094] The receiver configuration module is configured to configure the target host computer as another main receiver and bind it to the communication pipe 1.

[0095] It should be noted that the above description of the embodiment of the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method is also applicable to the invasive brain-computer interface low-power low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device of the embodiment, which will not be described here.

[0096] The invasive brain-computer interface low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device proposed in this embodiment introduces a lightweight communication scheme based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol. It employs an external wireless relay module as the main transmitter and an in-vivo invasive brain-computer interface and a remote target host computer as the main receiver, achieving low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication. This effectively overcomes the challenges of data conflicts, timing disorder, and resource contention inherent in multi-transmitter architectures in relay communication scenarios. Furthermore, the high-frequency active polling process enables proactive control of the data interaction process, significantly improving anti-interference capabilities, data throughput performance, and transmission timeliness in complex wireless environments. It also significantly extends the battery life of the in-vivo device, exhibiting excellent system scalability and platform compatibility, demonstrating significant engineering promotion value and broad clinical application prospects.

[0097] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include:

[0098] The memory 601, the processor 602, and the computer program stored on the memory 601 and capable of running on the processor 602.

[0099] When the processor 602 executes the program, it implements the low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces provided in the above embodiments.

[0100] Furthermore, electronic devices also include:

[0101] Communication interface 603 is used for communication between memory 601 and processor 602.

[0102] The memory 601 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 602.

[0103] The memory 601 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0104] If the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 603, memory 601, and processor 602 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 6 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0105] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0106] Processor 602 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0107] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described invasive brain-computer interface low-power, low-latency, bidirectional wireless communication method.

[0108] This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that can run computer instructions. When these computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces provided in this invention.

[0109] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0110] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0111] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.

[0112] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0113] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or more of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0115] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0116] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces, characterized in that, Applied to a wireless repeater module, the method includes the following steps: Detect the current mode of the wireless relay module; If the current mode is detected to be an enhanced burst transmission mode, the EEG signal collected by the invasive brain-computer interface is acquired based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and the EEG signal is sent to the target host computer. When the current mode is detected to be an enhanced burst transmission mode, the stimulation current command issued by the target host computer is received based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, and the stimulation current command is sent to the invasive brain-computer interface. Based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol, determine the communication role and address configuration; and perform communication settings based on the communication role and address configuration. The communication settings based on the communication role and the address configuration include: initializing the invasive brain-computer interface as a main receiver and binding it to the communication channel of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; configuring the wireless relay module as a main transmitter; and configuring the target host computer as another main receiver and binding it to communication channel 1. The invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module, and the target host computer share the same base address and are distinguished by setting different address prefixes.

2. The low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before acquiring the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected by the invasive brain-computer interface and receiving the stimulation current command issued by the target host computer, the procedure also includes: Based on a preset frequency, an active polling process is executed to send data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer in sequence.

3. The low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active polling process is terminated when the EEG signal is acquired or the stimulation current command is received.

4. An invasive brain-computer interface low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device, characterized in that, Applied to a wireless repeater module, wherein the device includes: A detection module is used to detect the current mode of the wireless relay module; The brain-computer interface module is used to acquire the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected by the invasive brain-computer interface based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol when the current mode is detected to be an enhanced burst transmission mode, and to send the EEG signals to the target host computer. The host computer module is used to receive the stimulation current command issued by the target host computer based on a preset enhanced burst transmission protocol when the current mode is detected to be enhanced burst transmission mode, and send the stimulation current command to the invasive brain-computer interface. The determination module is used to determine the communication role and address configuration based on the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; the setting module is used to perform communication settings based on the communication role and address configuration. The setting module includes: a binding module for initializing the invasive brain-computer interface as a main receiver and binding it to the communication channel of the preset enhanced burst transmission protocol; a transmitter configuration module for configuring the wireless relay module as a main transmitter; and a receiver configuration module for configuring the target host computer as another main receiver and binding it to communication channel 1. The invasive brain-computer interface, the wireless relay module, and the target host computer share a common base address, and the channels are distinguished by setting different address prefixes.

5. The invasive brain-computer interface low-power, low-latency bidirectional wireless communication device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The active polling module is used to execute an active polling process based on a preset frequency, sequentially sending data requests to the invasive brain-computer interface and the target host computer.

6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the invasive brain-computer interface low-power, low-latency, bidirectional wireless communication method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the low-power, low-latency, bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces as described in any one of claims 1-3.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed to implement the low-power, low-latency, bidirectional wireless communication method for invasive brain-computer interfaces as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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