A welding fume purification device

Abstract

This application provides a welding fume purification device, belonging to the field of fume purification technology. It includes a movable support, a cyclone separator located in the middle of the movable support, and a dust hopper installed at the lower end of the cyclone separator. The cyclone separator includes a fixed part and a rotating part. The fixed part is fixedly installed on the top of the movable support. An air outlet pipe is coaxially fixedly installed on the top plate of the fixed part. An induced draft fan is installed at the top of the movable support. The side wall of the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan via a conduit. A perforated plate is fixedly installed inside the air outlet pipe. A support rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the perforated plate. The bottom end of the support rod extends downward and is fixedly fitted with a spiral blade. The outer wall of the rotating part is rotatably connected to the movable support via a thrust bearing. The upper end of the rotating part is sealed and rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed part. This application can solve the problem of low airflow separation efficiency and inconvenient cleaning caused by welding slag adhesion in existing fume purification devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fume purification technology, specifically to a welding fume purification device. Background Technology

[0002] During industrial welding operations, a large amount of welding fumes containing metal oxides and harmful gases are generated. These fumes not only pollute the working environment but also pose a serious threat to the health of operators. Therefore, welding fume purification has become an indispensable part of industrial production. Currently, the mainstream welding fume purification devices on the market are mainly divided into two categories: fixed and mobile. Fixed purification devices typically need to be installed in a specific location, collecting and purifying the fumes from the welding area through pipelines. They are suitable for scenarios where the welding station is fixed and the welding operation area is small. Mobile purification devices, on the other hand, are flexible and can be adjusted according to changes in the welding position. They collect and purify fumes directly near the welding point and are suitable for scenarios where the welding position is not fixed and the operation area is large.

[0003] In welding operations of large workpieces such as train carriages, the complex overall structure of the carriage, numerous and dispersed welding points, and extremely large welding workload result in a far greater amount of fumes than in conventional welding scenarios. Furthermore, the welding positions need to be constantly adjusted according to the carriage manufacturing process, making fixed-installation purification devices unsuitable. Therefore, mobile welding fume purification devices have become the primary choice in this context. However, precisely because of the massive amount of fumes generated from carriage welding, the filter cartridges in mobile purification devices need to continuously process high-concentration fumes. These filter cartridges typically have high filtration precision, capable of filtering out particles of a certain size. Consequently, they are prone to clogging within a short period, significantly reducing the fume filtration efficiency of the purification device and requiring frequent shutdowns for filter cartridge replacement or cleaning. This severely impacts the continuity and production efficiency of carriage welding operations.

[0004] Referring to Chinese patent document CN223196694U, published on August 8, 2025, entitled "A Multi-Station Cyclone Dust Purifier," the invention includes a cyclone cylinder, a filter mechanism mounted on the cyclone cylinder, and a discharge mechanism installed at the lower end of the cyclone cylinder. The upper part of the cyclone cylinder is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical. A spiral tube is installed at the air inlet of the cyclone cylinder. The filter mechanism includes a filter tube located at the upper end of the cyclone cylinder, a filter cartridge installed inside the filter tube, a cover plate bolted to the upper end of the filter tube, a second exhaust pipe installed at the upper end of the cover plate, and a first exhaust pipe embedded in the upper end of the cyclone cylinder.

[0005] Referring to the above technical solution, a cyclone separator is installed before the filtration mechanism to perform preliminary separation of fumes, separating larger fumes from the airflow to reduce the burden on subsequent filtration components. However, in practical applications, because some particles in welding fumes have a certain degree of stickiness, these sticky fumes easily adhere to the inner wall of the cyclone separator during the high-speed airflow that drives the fumes to rotate and separate. As the usage time increases, the fumes adhering to the inner wall gradually thickens. On the one hand, this reduces the effective separation space of the cyclone separator, affecting the rotation speed of the airflow and the separation effect, thereby reducing the efficiency of preliminary fumes separation and causing more fumes to enter the subsequent filtration components, exacerbating the clogging of the filter cartridges. On the other hand, the fumes adhering to the inner wall of the cyclone separator are difficult to clean, requiring disassembly of the cyclone separator for thorough cleaning, which is cumbersome and time-consuming, further increasing the equipment's maintenance costs and downtime. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a welding fume purification device, which aims to solve the problem that existing fume purification devices have low airflow separation efficiency and are inconvenient to clean due to welding slag adhesion.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a welding fume purification device, including a movable support, a cyclone cylinder disposed in the middle of the movable support, and a dust hopper installed at the lower end of the cyclone cylinder;

[0008] The cyclone separator includes a fixed part and a rotating part. The fixed part is fixedly installed on the top of the movable support. An air outlet pipe is coaxially fixedly installed on the top plate of the fixed part. An exhaust fan is installed on the top of the movable support. The side wall of the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan through a conduit. A perforated plate is fixedly installed inside the air outlet pipe. A support rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the perforated plate. The bottom end of the support rod extends downward and is fixedly installed with a spiral blade. The outer wall of the rotating part is rotatably connected to the movable support through a thrust bearing. The upper end of the rotating part is sealed and rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed part. The upper end of the rotating part is sleeved inside the lower end of the fixed part. The spiral blade is located inside the rotating part. The top end of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the top plate of the fixed part. The inner wall of the rotating part is rotatably engaged with the outer edge of the spiral blade. A filter cartridge is detachably installed on the perforated plate. A dust suction pipe is fixedly installed tangentially on the top of the side wall of the rotating part. A dust suction hood is connected to the air inlet end of the dust suction pipe.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, because the suction pipe is set along the tangential direction of the rotating part, the dust and smoke airflow enters the rotating part and forms a spiral motion along the inner wall of the rotating part. Under the action of centrifugal force, larger dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the rotating part and fall into the ash hopper along the wall surface, achieving preliminary separation. The remaining airflow containing fine particles moves upward through the exhaust pipe, passes through the through holes in the perforated plate and enters the interior of the filter cartridge. The filter cartridge filters the fine particles, and the filtered clean airflow is discharged by the induced draft fan through the duct. At the same time, the spiral blade is fixed to the support rod and located inside the rotating part, and the spiral direction of the spiral blade is tangential to the airflow entering the rotating part. The rotating parts are aligned in the same direction. During the spiral motion of the airflow, the spiral blades guide the airflow, prolonging the residence time of the airflow in the rotating part, improving the separation effect of centrifugal force on larger dust particles, ensuring a stable spiral downward airflow, improving the separation effect on larger dust particles, and reducing the filtration burden on the filter cartridge. After use, the suction pipe can be wound up by rotating the rotating part to avoid damage or tangling caused by random placement of the suction pipe. At the same time, the relative rotation between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the rotating part scrapes off the welding slag adhering to the inner wall of the rotating part, preventing excessive welding slag adhesion from affecting the spiral flow of the airflow.

[0010] Optionally, a guide rod is vertically arranged on the movable bracket, a support ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating part, a linear bearing is arranged on the support ring, the linear bearing slides with the outer wall of the guide rod, a spring is sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod, the two ends of the spring abut against the lower surface of the support ring and the movable bracket respectively, the support ring is used to push the vacuum tube so that the vacuum tube is tightly coiled around the outer wall of the rotating part, and the outer arc surface of the guide rod is close to the outer surface of the coiled vacuum tube.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, during the vacuum cleaner hose winding process, the rotating part rotates and drives the vacuum cleaner hose to wind around the outer wall of the rotating part. The guide rod limits the vacuum cleaner hose, preventing it from shifting radially during winding, ensuring that the vacuum cleaner hose is arranged in an orderly manner along the outer wall of the rotating part and avoiding radial overlap. At the same time, the guide rod provides vertical guidance to the support ring, and the support ring applies an upward thrust to the unreleased vacuum cleaner hose, keeping the unreleased vacuum cleaner hose tightly arranged, preventing the vacuum cleaner hose from scattering, and ensuring smooth release of the vacuum cleaner hose.

[0012] Optionally, both ends of the guide rod are rotatably connected to the movable bracket via rolling bearings.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide rod can rotate synchronously with the movement of the vacuum cleaner hose, which transforms the sliding friction between the vacuum cleaner hose and the guide rod into rolling friction, reduces the frictional resistance between the two, reduces the wear on the surface of the vacuum cleaner hose, and ensures that the vacuum cleaner hose winding and releasing process is smoother, avoiding the vacuum cleaner hose winding or releasing jamming due to excessive frictional resistance.

[0014] Optionally, a mounting base is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the support ring. The upper surface of the mounting base is a spiral arc surface adapted to the winding trajectory of the suction pipe. First balls are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the mounting base, and the first balls are in rolling contact with the suction pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding friction between the vacuum cleaner hose and the mounting base is transformed into rolling friction, reducing the frictional resistance when the vacuum cleaner hose moves and preventing damage to the surface of the vacuum cleaner hose due to excessive friction between the vacuum cleaner hose and the mounting base. At the same time, the spiral arc surface structure ensures that the vacuum cleaner hose always maintains the correct trajectory during movement, ensuring that the vacuum cleaner hose is neatly arranged when it is rolled up, and improving the quality of vacuum cleaner hose winding.

[0016] Optionally, a mounting ring is fixedly provided at one end of the mounting base near the air inlet of the suction pipe. A second ball bearing is circumferentially and uniformly connected to the inner arc surface of the mounting ring. The suction pipe passes through the mounting ring and rolls in contact with the second ball bearing.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the second ball rolls synchronously with the movement of the vacuum tube, reducing the frictional resistance between the vacuum tube and the mounting ring, and avoiding direct friction between the vacuum tube and the inner wall of the mounting ring, which would cause wear to the vacuum tube. At the same time, the mounting ring acts as a radial limiter for the vacuum tube, preventing the vacuum tube from deviating from the preset trajectory during movement, avoiding separation of the vacuum tube from the first ball and increasing friction, and ensuring the stability of the vacuum tube retraction process.

[0018] Optionally, a motor is fixedly mounted on the movable bracket, a gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor, and a gear ring is fixedly provided on the outer arc surface of the rotating part. The gear and the gear ring mesh and drive the motor to rotate the rotating part through the gear and the gear ring, so that the suction pipe can be coiled around the outer wall surface of the rotating part.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the vacuum hose can be automatically wound up by a motor drive, eliminating the need for manual handling of the vacuum hose, reducing manual operation steps, improving the ease of use of the equipment, and avoiding damage or tangling caused by the vacuum hose being placed randomly, thus ensuring the stability of the equipment in subsequent use.

[0020] Optionally, a limiting ring one is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the perforated plate, and a limiting ring two is fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the air outlet pipe. The filter cartridge is inserted between the limiting ring one and the limiting ring two. A conical cover is inserted into the upper end of the filter cartridge. Vertical rods are fixedly arranged in a ring array on the upper surface of the conical cover. The top of each vertical rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of a connecting ring. A cap is threaded to the top of the air outlet pipe. The lower surface of the cap abuts against the upper surface of the connecting ring. The vertical rods avoid the air inlet position of the duct to prevent obstruction of airflow.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the filter cartridge, limiting ring one and limiting ring two provide radial limiting for the filter cartridge from both the upper and lower ends, preventing the filter cartridge from radially shifting during use. Then, the conical cover is inserted into the upper part of the filter cartridge. The conical cover is connected to the connecting ring through the vertical rod. The cap is threaded to the top of the air outlet pipe. The lower surface of the cap abuts against the upper surface of the connecting ring. The pressure of the cap is transmitted to the conical cover through the connecting ring and the vertical rod. The conical cover applies downward pressure to the filter cartridge, thereby fixing the filter cartridge in the vertical direction. This simplifies the filter cartridge installation steps. At the same time, the vertical rod avoids the air inlet of the duct, preventing obstruction of airflow.

[0022] Optionally, a mesh plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical cover, and a protective mesh is provided between the lower surface of the connecting ring and the upper surface of the conical cover. The protective mesh, the conical cover, and the mesh plate together form a filling cavity, which is filled with activated carbon.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, activated carbon utilizes its own adsorption properties to adsorb gaseous pollutants and odors in the airflow, further purifying the airflow and making the discharged airflow more in line with environmental protection requirements, thus reducing pollution to the working environment.

[0024] Optionally, a spherical ring one is fixedly provided at the air inlet end of the vacuum pipe, a spherical ring two is rotatably connected to the inner wall surface of the spherical ring one, the outlet end of the vacuum hood is connected to the interior of the spherical ring two, and a placement rack is welded to the lowest end of the outer arc surface of the spherical ring one.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the dust collection hood is pushed according to the different positions and angles required for welding operations. The dust collection hood drives the second spherical ring to rotate on the inner wall of the first spherical ring, adjusting the orientation and angle of the dust collection hood so that it can be aimed at the position where welding fumes are generated, thereby improving the efficiency of fume collection.

[0026] Optionally, the ash hopper is fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable support, and the lower end of the rotating part is rotatably and sealingly connected to the top opening of the ash hopper.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the ash hopper plays a role in collecting the separated particulate dust, preventing the particulate dust from falling into the working environment and causing secondary pollution.

[0028] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. The cyclone separator includes a fixed part and a rotating part. The upper end of the rotating part is sealed and rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed part. The spiral blades are fixed to the support rod and located inside the rotating part. After the airflow enters the rotating part, it can stabilize and guide the airflow, ensuring that the airflow spirals downward along the preset trajectory, improving the centrifugal separation effect of larger dust particles and reducing the filtration burden of subsequent filter cartridges. At the same time, when the rotating part is rotated after use, the spiral blades remain stationary, and their outer edge moves relative to the inner wall of the rotating part. This can scrape off and clean the welding slag adhering to the inner wall of the rotating part, avoiding the accumulation of welding slag from affecting airflow and separation efficiency. No additional dust removal device is required, reducing equipment costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0030] 2. The conical hood is inserted into the upper part of the filter cartridge and works in conjunction with the threaded cap at the top of the exhaust pipe. When the cap is pressed down, the pressure is transmitted to the conical hood through the connecting ring and the vertical rod, which can apply downward pressure to the filter cartridge and achieve stable vertical positioning of the filter cartridge, preventing vertical displacement during use. At the same time, a mesh plate is installed at the bottom of the conical hood, and a protective mesh is set between the lower surface of the connecting ring and the upper surface of the conical hood. The three together form a closed filling cavity, which can be filled with activated carbon. The adsorption properties of activated carbon are used to adsorb gaseous pollutants and odors in the airflow, further improving the quality of smoke and dust purification. Moreover, the filling and replacement of activated carbon is convenient and adaptable to the purification needs of different welding scenarios.

[0031] 3. The guide rod is mounted on the movable bracket and slides in conjunction with the linear bearing on the support ring. This provides precise guidance for the up-and-down movement of the support ring, ensuring that the support ring can stably push the unreleased vacuum hose to maintain a tight arrangement and preventing the vacuum hose from scattering. Simultaneously, during the vacuum hose rewinding process, the outer arc surface of the guide rod is close to the outer surface of the coiled vacuum hose, preventing radial offset during rewinding and ensuring the vacuum hose is orderly arranged along the outer wall of the rotating part, preventing radial overlap. Furthermore, both ends of the guide rod are rotatably connected to the movable bracket via rolling bearings, allowing them to rotate synchronously with the vacuum hose. This converts the sliding friction between the vacuum hose and the guide rod into rolling friction, significantly reducing frictional resistance, minimizing wear on the vacuum hose surface, ensuring smooth rewinding and unwinding, and extending the service life of the vacuum hose. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a welding fume purification device according to this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view plane structure of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 For this application Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the rear sectional planar structure of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 For this application Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure of region B in the middle area;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the conical cover, vertical rod, and connecting ring of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the filter cartridge of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the perforated plate in this application.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Movable support; 101. Support; 102. Brake caster; 2. Cyclone duct; 201. Fixed part; 202. Rotating part; 203. Air outlet pipe; 3. Dust hopper; 4. Exhaust fan; 5. Guide tube; 6. Perforated plate; 7. Support rod; 8. Spiral blade; 9. Filter cartridge; 10. Suction pipe; 11. Suction hood; 12. Motor; 13. Gear; 14. Gear ring; 15. Guide rod 16. Support ring; 17. Linear bearing; 18. Spring; 19. Mounting seat; 20. First ball bearing; 21. Mounting ring; 22. Second ball bearing; 23. Limiting ring one; 24. Limiting ring two; 25. Conical cover; 26. Vertical rod; 27. Connecting ring; 28. Cover; 29. ​​Mesh plate; 30. Protective net; 31. Activated carbon; 32. Spherical ring one; 33. Spherical ring two; 34. Placement rack. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following will be described in conjunction with embodiments of this application. Figures 1-9 The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a welding fume purification device, including a movable support 1, a cyclone 2, and a dust hopper 3. The movable support 1 includes a bracket 101 and brake casters 102. There are four brake casters 102, which are respectively fixedly installed on the four support ends of the bracket 101 to facilitate the movement of the bracket 101.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cyclone 2 includes a fixed part 201 and a rotating part 202. The fixed part 201 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable support 1. An air outlet pipe 203 is coaxially fixedly installed on the top plate of the fixed part 201. A perforated plate 6 is fixedly installed inside the air outlet pipe 203. Several through holes are opened on the outer edge of the perforated plate 6 for airflow. A filter cartridge 9 is detachably installed on the perforated plate 6. An induced draft fan 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable support 1. The side wall of the air outlet pipe 203 is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan 4 through a conduit 5. The outer wall of the rotating part 202 is rotatably connected to the movable support 1 through a thrust bearing. The upper end of the rotating part 202 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed part 201 in a sealed manner. The ash hopper 3 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the movable support 1. The lower end of the rotating part 202 is rotatably connected to the top opening of the ash hopper 3 in a sealed manner. A suction pipe 10 is fixedly installed tangentially on the top of the side wall of the rotating part 202. The suction pipe 10 adopts an embedded spiral. Made of flexible polyurethane or PVC material with steel wire reinforcement, the tube has a certain degree of flexibility for coiling and release, while the tube wall has sufficient hardness and elasticity to maintain the cross-sectional shape without collapsing under the compression of spring 18. The air inlet end of the suction tube 10 is connected to the suction hood 11. A motor 12 is fixedly installed on the moving bracket 1 (the motor 12 does not have a built-in mechanical braking device or self-locking mechanism, and can rotate freely under external force after the power supply is stopped). A gear 13 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 12. A gear ring 14 is fixedly provided on the outer arc surface of the rotating part 202. The gear 13 and the gear ring 14 mesh to drive the motor 12. The output shaft of the motor 12 drives the rotating part 202 to rotate through the meshing of the gear 13 and the gear ring 14. The rotating part 202 drives the upper end of the suction tube 10 to rewind, so that the suction tube 10 is spirally coiled on the outer wall of the rotating part 202, and the suction tube 10 is rewound after use.

[0045] Move the dust hood 11 to the welding position. The blower 4 operates to create a negative pressure inside the cyclone 2. The external airflow carries the welding fumes through the dust hood 11 and the dust suction pipe 10 into the interior of the rotating part 202. The upper end of the rotating part 202 is cylindrical, and the lower end is conical. Since the dust suction pipe 10 is connected tangentially to the rotating part 202, the airflow enters the rotating part 202 tangentially and forms a stable spiral downward movement under the guidance of the inner wall of the cylinder and the central spiral plate 8. The cyclone 2 separates most of the larger particles of fumes and welding slag under the action of centrifugal force and they fall into the ash hopper 3 below. The airflow is directed upward through the filter cartridge 9 and outward, reducing the filtration burden on the filter cartridge 9. The filter cartridge 9 is a PTFE membrane filter cartridge 9. Its surface membrane can effectively capture fine dust particles, with high filtration accuracy and good dust removal performance.

[0046] Reference Figure 4A support rod 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the hollow plate 6. The bottom end of the support rod 7 extends downward and is fixedly installed with a spiral blade 8. The spiral blade 8 is located inside the rotating part 202. The top end of the spiral blade 8 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the fixed part 201. The spiral blade 8 rotates relative to the inner wall of the rotating part 202. After the airflow carrying welding fumes enters the rotating part 202, the airflow is forced to spiral downward along the guide plate to ensure that the rotation trajectory is regular and stable, and to prevent some airflow from being discharged before it has rotated sufficiently.

[0047] After welding, the control motor 12 operates, driving the rotating part 202 to rotate. Since the spiral blade 8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support rod 7, and the top of the support rod 7 is fixed to the top plate of the fixed part 201, the spiral blade 8 remains stationary when the rotating part 202 rotates. When the rotating part 202 rotates, relative movement occurs between its inner wall and the fixed spiral blade 8, causing the side edge of the spiral blade 8 to continuously scrape the inner wall of the rotating part 202, removing the adhering welding slag. This prevents welding slag from accumulating inside the rotating part 202 for a long time, affecting the airflow trajectory and separation efficiency. No additional dust removal device is needed, reducing investment costs and ensuring the long-term stable separation efficiency of the cyclone 2.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 A guide rod 15 is vertically arranged on the movable bracket 1. A support ring 16 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating part 202. A linear bearing 17 is provided on the support ring 16. The linear bearing 17 slides with the outer wall of the guide rod 15 to reduce the friction when the support ring 16 slides on the guide rod 15. A spring 18 is sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod 15. The two ends of the spring 18 abut against the lower surface of the support ring 16 and the movable bracket 1, respectively. When the vacuum tube 10 is coiled, the spring 18 is compressed. When the vacuum tube 10 is released to the outside, the support ring 16 moves upward along the guide rod 15 under the elastic force of the spring 18, so that the vacuum tubes 10 that have not been released are still tightly arranged and avoid being scattered.

[0049] The outer arc surface of the guide rod 15 is close to the outer surface of the coiled suction tube 10. When the rotating part 202 rotates to wind up the suction tube 10, the guide rod 15 limits the suction tube 10 to prevent the suction tube 10 from radially overlapping during winding and coiling, which would affect the winding quality. Both ends of the guide rod 15 are rotatably connected to the movable bracket 1 through rolling bearings. The rotation of the guide rod 15 reduces the friction between the guide rod 15 and the outer surface of the suction tube 10 during winding and releasing.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 8A mounting base 19 is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the support ring 16. The mounting base 19 is located below the winding path of the suction pipe 10. The upper surface of the mounting base 19 is a spiral arc surface adapted to the winding trajectory of the suction pipe 10. The upper surface of the mounting base 19 is uniformly provided with first ball bearings 20. The first ball bearings 20 roll in contact with the suction pipe 10. During the winding and unwinding process of the suction pipe 10, the first ball bearings 20 support the suction pipe 10 and reduce the sliding friction between it and the mounting base 19, ensuring smooth winding and neat arrangement. A mounting ring 21 is fixedly provided at one end of the mounting base 19 near the air inlet of the suction pipe 10. The inner arc surface of the mounting ring 21 is circumferentially and uniformly connected with a second ball bearing 22. The suction pipe 10 passes through the mounting ring 21 and rolls in contact with the second ball bearing 22. The second ball bearing 22 is used to radially limit the air inlet section of the suction pipe 10 and reduce friction, while preventing the suction pipe 10 from separating from the first ball bearing 20, which would increase the friction.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A limiting ring 23 is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the perforated plate 6. A limiting ring 24 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the air outlet duct 203. The limiting ring 23 is inserted into the lower inner wall of the filter cartridge 9. The through hole of the perforated plate 6 is located at the outer edge of the filter cartridge 9. The upper outer wall of the filter cartridge 9 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting ring 24. The limiting rings 23 and 24 limit the filter cartridge 9 in the radial direction. A conical cover 25 is inserted into the upper end of the filter cartridge 9. The bottom outer edge of the conical cover 25 abuts against the upper surface of the filter cartridge 9. Vertical rods 26 are fixed in a circular array on the upper surface of the conical cover 25. The top of each vertical rod 26 is fixed to the lower surface of a connecting ring 27. The vertical rod 26 is fixedly connected to avoid obstructing the airflow of the duct 5. A mesh plate 29 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical shroud 25. A protective net 30 is provided between the lower surface of the connecting ring 27 and the upper surface of the conical shroud 25. The protective net 30, the conical shroud 25, and the mesh plate 29 together form a filling cavity, which is filled with activated carbon 31. The activated carbon 31 is used to adsorb gaseous pollutants that cannot be removed by the filter cartridge 9, such as organic waste gas (such as volatile organic compounds such as benzene and toluene) and odors generated during welding. The top end of the air outlet duct 203 is threadedly connected to a cap 28, and the lower surface of the cap 28 abuts against the upper surface of the connecting ring 27.

[0052] After centrifugal separation inside the rotating part 202, the airflow enters the outlet duct 203 upwards, and then passes through the through holes of the perforated plate 6 to enter the outside of the filter cartridge 9. Since the conical cover 25 is inserted into the upper end of the filter cartridge 9, the internal pressure of the filter cartridge 9 is lower than that outside the filter cartridge 9. The airflow flows upwards through the filter membrane of the filter cartridge 9, and small dust particles in the airflow are filtered by the filter cartridge 9. When the welding fumes contain organic waste gas, the activated carbon 31 adsorbs and filters the organic waste gas that the filter cartridge 9 cannot filter, thereby improving the quality of fume purification. If the welding material does not produce organic waste gas, activated carbon 31 does not need to be filled. The filter cartridge 9 can be moved downwards by the screw fastening of the cap 28. The filter cartridge 9 is limited in the vertical direction by the downward pressure applied by the connecting ring 27, the vertical rod 26 and the conical cover 25. The vertical rod 26 corresponds to the air inlet position of the duct 5. The setting of the connecting ring 27, the vertical rod 26 and the conical cover 25 not only ensures the fixing effect of the filter cartridge 9, but also facilitates the installation and disassembly of the filter cartridge 9, and avoids the duct 5 interfering with the installation and disassembly of the filter cartridge 9.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 The air inlet end of the suction pipe 10 is fixedly provided with a spherical ring 32. The inner wall of the spherical ring 32 is rotatably connected to a spherical ring 33. The outlet end of the suction hood 11 is connected to the inside of the spherical ring 33. The angle of the suction hood 11 can be adjusted by rotating the spherical ring 33 on the inner wall of the spherical ring 32 to adapt to the usage needs of different directions. The bottom of the outer arc surface of the spherical ring 32 is welded with a placement rack 34 to support the suction hood 11 so that the suction hood 11 can cover the welding fumes to the maximum extent.

[0054] The implementation principle of a welding fume purification device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0055] Before starting the welding operation, the operator manually releases the suction pipe 10. The suction hood 11 is then stably placed near the welding point using the placement rack 34. As the suction pipe 10 is released, the support ring 16, under the action of the spring 18, continuously pushes upward the unreleased portion of the suction pipe 10, maintaining its tight alignment. The rotation of the spherical ring 2 33 within the spherical ring 1 32 is adjusted according to the welding position and angle, ensuring that the outlet of the suction hood 11 is precisely aligned with the source of the smoke and dust. Subsequently, the induced draft fan 4 is started, creating a negative pressure inside the cyclone 2. Under the action of the airflow, the welding fumes are tangentially drawn into the rotating part 202 through the suction hood 11 and the suction pipe 10. Since the suction pipe 10 is connected tangentially to the rotating part 202, the smoke and dust airflow, after entering, is guided by the spiral blade 8 fixed to the bottom of the support rod 7, moving downward in a stable and regular spiral, effectively extending the airflow path and enhancing the centrifugal separation effect. Larger particles of smoke and dust are thrown towards the inner wall of the rotating part 202 under the action of centrifugal force and fall into the ash hopper 3, achieving initial separation. The remaining airflow containing fine particles rises along the central area of ​​the spiral blade 8 and enters the exhaust pipe 203. After passing through the through holes set on the outer edge of the perforated plate 6, it is finely filtered by the filter cartridge 9 to remove the tiny particles. When the organic waste gas contained in the welding fume passes through the activated carbon 31, the activated carbon 31 adsorbs and purifies the organic waste gas, and finally the clean airflow is discharged by the induced draft fan 4.

[0056] After the welding operation is completed, the control motor 12 starts, driving the rotating part 202 to rotate through the meshing transmission of gear 13 and gear ring 14, and begins to wind up the suction tube 10. The suction tube 10 gradually coils around the outer wall of the rotating part 202, and the support ring 16 is continuously pressed downward by the coiled suction tube 10, and the spring 18 is gradually compressed, so that the suction tube 10 is kept tightly arranged. During the coiling process of the suction tube 10, the guide rod 15 rotates synchronously with the movement of the suction tube 10 through the rolling bearing, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing resistance and wear, while limiting the radial deviation of the suction tube 10, ensuring neat winding, avoiding the suction tube 10 from being scattered and pulled and broken, and avoiding occupying space and affecting other operations in the workshop.

[0057] During the winding process, the first ball bearing 20 on the mounting base 19 and the second ball bearing 22 inside the mounting ring 21 roll into contact with the suction pipe 10, further reducing friction and ensuring smooth winding. When the rotating part 202 rotates, its inner wall and the fixed spiral blade 8 generate relative motion. The side edge of the spiral blade 8 continuously scrapes the inner wall of the rotating part 202, effectively removing the adhering welding slag, realizing a self-cleaning function, and ensuring the separation efficiency for subsequent use.

[0058] When the equipment needs maintenance after a period of use, rotate and open the cover 28 at the top of the air outlet duct 203, and take out the whole component consisting of the connecting ring 27, the vertical rod 26 and the conical cover 25. Replace the activated carbon 31 and take out the filter cartridge 9 from between the limiting ring 1 23 and the limiting ring 24 for cleaning.

[0059] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", and "setting" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A welding fume purification device, comprising a movable support (1), a cyclone (2) disposed in the middle of the movable support (1), and a dust hopper (3) installed at the lower end of the cyclone (2), characterized in that: The cyclone (2) includes a fixed part (201) and a rotating part (202). The fixed part (201) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable support (1). An air outlet pipe (203) is coaxially fixedly installed on the top plate of the fixed part (201). An induced draft fan (4) is installed on the top of the movable support (1). The side wall of the air outlet pipe (203) is connected to the air inlet of the induced draft fan (4) through a conduit (5). A perforated plate (6) is fixedly installed inside the air outlet pipe (203). A support rod (7) is fixedly installed in the middle of the perforated plate (6). The bottom end of the support rod (7) extends downward and is fixedly installed with a spiral blade (8). The rotating part ( The outer wall of the rotating part (202) is rotatably connected to the moving bracket (1) via a thrust bearing. The upper end of the rotating part (202) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed part (201). The spiral blade (8) is located inside the rotating part (202). The top end of the spiral blade (8) is fixedly connected to the top plate of the fixed part (201). The inner wall of the rotating part (202) is rotatably engaged with the outer edge of the spiral blade (8). A filter cartridge (9) is detachably installed on the hollow plate (6). A dust suction pipe (10) is fixedly installed on the top of the side wall of the rotating part (202) along the tangential direction. A dust suction hood (11) is connected to the air inlet end of the dust suction pipe (10).

2. The welding fume purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rod (15) is vertically arranged on the movable bracket (1). A support ring (16) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating part (202). A linear bearing (17) is arranged on the support ring (16). The linear bearing (17) slides with the outer wall of the guide rod (15). A spring (18) is sleeved on the lower end of the guide rod (15). The two ends of the spring (18) abut against the lower surface of the support ring (16) and the movable bracket (1), respectively. The support ring (16) is used to push the vacuum tube (10) so that the vacuum tube (10) is tightly coiled around the outer wall of the rotating part (202). The outer arc surface of the guide rod (15) is close to the outer surface of the coiled vacuum tube (10).

3. The welding fume purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the guide rod (15) are rotatably connected to the movable bracket (1) via rolling bearings.

4. The welding fume purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the support ring (16) is fixedly provided with a mounting base (19). The upper surface of the mounting base (19) is a spiral arc surface adapted to the winding trajectory of the suction pipe (10). The upper surface of the mounting base (19) is uniformly provided with first balls (20), and the first balls (20) are in rolling contact with the suction pipe (10).

5. The welding fume purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base (19) is fixedly provided with a mounting ring (21) at one end near the air inlet of the suction pipe (10). The inner arc surface of the mounting ring (21) is circumferentially connected to a second ball bearing (22). The suction pipe (10) passes through the mounting ring (21) and rolls in contact with the second ball bearing (22).

6. The welding fume purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (12) is fixedly installed on the movable support (1), and a gear (13) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor (12). A gear ring (14) is fixedly provided on the outer arc surface of the rotating part (202). The gear (13) meshes with the gear ring (14) for transmission. The motor (12) can drive the rotating part (202) to rotate through the gear (13) and the gear ring (14).

7. A welding fume purification device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: A limiting ring 1 (23) is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the hollow plate (6), and a limiting ring 2 (24) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the air outlet pipe (203). The filter cylinder (9) is inserted between the limiting ring 1 (23) and the limiting ring 2 (24). A conical cover (25) is inserted into the upper end of the filter cylinder (9). A vertical rod (26) is fixedly arranged in a ring on the upper surface of the conical cover (25). The top of each vertical rod (26) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of a connecting ring (27). A cap (28) is threadedly connected to the top of the air outlet pipe (203). The lower surface of the cap (28) abuts against the upper surface of the connecting ring (27). The vertical rod (26) avoids the air inlet position of the duct (5) to avoid obstructing the airflow.

8. The welding fume purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A mesh plate (29) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conical cover (25). A protective net (30) is provided between the lower surface of the connecting ring (27) and the upper surface of the conical cover (25). The protective net (30), the conical cover (25) and the mesh plate (29) together form a filling cavity, which is filled with activated carbon (31).

9. The welding fume purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the suction pipe (10) is fixedly provided with a spherical ring one (32), and the inner wall surface of the spherical ring one (32) is rotatably connected to a spherical ring two (33). The outlet end of the suction hood (11) is connected to the interior of the spherical ring two (33), and a placement rack (34) is welded to the lowest end of the outer arc surface of the spherical ring one (32).

10. The welding fume purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash hopper (3) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable support (1), and the lower end of the rotating part (202) is sealed and rotatably connected to the top opening of the ash hopper (3).

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