Hydrogen fluoride tank car emptying tail gas absorption and recovery system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas absorption and recovery, in particular to a hydrogen fluoride tank car vented tail gas absorption and recovery system and method, and solves the problems that some hydrogen fluoride tank car vented tail gas absorption and recovery devices are single in structure and prone to causing insufficient tail gas absorption and purification. The absorption tank is fixedly installed on one side of the supporting table in a penetrating mode, the side, close to the bottom end, of the absorption tank is connected with an air inlet pipe in a penetrating mode, a spraying pipe which is annularly arranged is installed in the absorption tank and located above the air inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the spraying pipe is connected with a plurality of atomizing nozzles in a penetrating mode. Alkaline washing liquid is sprayed into the absorption tank through the atomization spray head, so that the alkaline washing liquid is in full contact with HF-containing tail gas flowing upwards, HF is neutralized, the neutralized gas continues to flow upwards and is adsorbed through a filler plate and activated carbon in the top seat, and the absorption effect is improved. Therefore, residual tetrahydrogen fluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas in the tail gas can be fully absorbed and purified.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tail gas absorption and recovery, in particular to a hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Before the AHF transport vehicle is filled at the loading and unloading station, the venting operation must be performed first because the tank car contains hydrogen fluoride venting tail gas and has a pressure of about 0.2-0.4 MPa, and then the filling can be performed. Hydrogen fluoride is an extremely dangerous chemical, which has strong irritancy and corrosivity. Inhaling low-concentration HF gas can cause serious damage to the respiratory tract, and inhaling high-concentration HF gas can cause pulmonary edema and even be fatal. Moreover, hydrogen fluoride has high corrosivity. If the residual hydrogen fluoride gas in the tank car is directly discharged into the atmosphere, a highly dangerous toxic fog area will be formed, which seriously threatens the safety of the operating personnel, the surrounding residents and the environment. Therefore, the tail gas must be purified by an absorption and recovery treatment device.

[0003] The existing hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery device has a relatively simple structure, which can easily lead to insufficient absorption and purification of the tail gas, and the purified tail gas still contains a certain amount of hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas. Therefore, the existing hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery device does not meet the existing requirements. To solve this problem, the present application provides a hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery system and method. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery system and method to solve the problem of the existing hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery device having a relatively simple structure, which can easily lead to insufficient absorption and purification of the tail gas, and the purified tail gas still containing a certain amount of hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a hydrogen fluoride tank car venting tail gas absorption and recovery system, comprising a support table and an absorption tank, the absorption tank is fixedly installed on one side of the support table, a gas inlet pipe is connected to one side of the absorption tank close to the bottom end, a spraying pipe in the form of a ring is installed in the inside of the absorption tank and above the gas inlet pipe, a plurality of atomizing nozzles are connected to the bottom end of the spraying pipe, a filter screen plate is drivenly connected to the lower side of the spraying pipe and below the gas inlet pipe by a driving mechanism, an axle roller is connected to the inner wall of the absorption tank on one side below the filter screen plate through a bearing, a brush is wrapped around the outer surface of the axle roller and in contact with the bottom end surface of the filter screen plate, and a liquid discharge pipe is connected to the bottom end of the absorption tank below the brush.

[0006] The inner part of the absorption tank is fixedly connected with an annular support plate near the top end, a top seat is detachably installed above the annular support plate, the outer surface of the top seat near the bottom end is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the top end of the absorption tank through a sealing gasket, a filler plate is installed in the inner part of the top seat, and the filler plate is provided in a filter screen structure, activated carbon is fixedly arranged in the inner part of the filler plate, and an exhaust pipe is throughly connected to the upper part of the filler plate and one side of the top seat.

[0007] Preferably, a liquid storage tank is fixedly arranged on one side of the absorption tank and at the upper end of the support table, a liquid pump is connected to the upper end of the liquid storage tank through a connecting pipe, and the liquid pump is throughly connected to a spraying pipe on one side through a connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a gear and a gear block, the motor is fixedly arranged on one side of the absorption tank and at the upper end of the support table, the output end of the motor extends to the inner part of the absorption tank through a shaft coupling and is connected with the gear, the filter screen plate is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the absorption tank through a sliding block, a plurality of gear blocks are fixedly connected to the upper end of the filter screen plate at equal distances, and the gear is engaged with the gear blocks.

[0009] Preferably, threaded grooves are arranged on both sides of the top end of the absorption tank, driving cavities are arranged below the two threaded grooves, and threaded rods are arranged on both sides of the top end of the absorption tank, penetrating through the threaded grooves and extending into the driving cavities.

[0010] Preferably, first limiting blocks are slidingly connected to the inner parts of the two driving cavities, recesses are arranged at the upper ends of the two first limiting blocks, the sides of the two recesses away from each other are arranged in a slope, the bottom end of the threaded rod extends into the recess through the threaded rod, and the bottom end of the threaded rod is in sliding contact with the slope of the recess.

[0011] Preferably, first springs are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the driving cavities and the sides of the two first limiting blocks away from each other, and the ends of the first limiting blocks away from the first springs are movably arranged to extend into the inner part of the absorption tank through the driving cavities.

[0012] Preferably, limiting grooves matched with the first limiting blocks are arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the top seat near the bottom end, and the end of the first limiting block extending into the inner part of the absorption tank is inserted into the corresponding limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing seat is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the absorption tank near the upper end, an installation groove is arranged at the upper end of the fixing seat, symmetrical movable cavities are arranged at the inner parts of the two sides of the installation groove and in the fixing seat, an HF concentration detector is inserted into the inner part of the installation groove, and the detection port of the HF concentration detector corresponds to the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the second limiting blocks on both sides of the movable cavity are slidably connected, the upper and lower sides of the second limiting blocks on both sides are provided with inclined surfaces, the second springs are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the movable cavity and the ends of the second limiting blocks away from each other, the ends of the second limiting blocks away from the second springs are movably penetrated through the movable cavity and extend into the installation slot, and the two sides of the outer surface of the HF concentration detector close to the bottom end are provided with clamping grooves, and the ends of the second limiting blocks penetrated into the movable cavity are slidably inserted into the clamping grooves through the inclined surfaces.

[0015] The recovery method of the hydrogen fluoride tank car vent gas absorption recovery system comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: The tail gas of the hydrogen fluoride tank car enters the inside of the absorption tank through the gas inlet pipe, then the alkali washing liquid in the liquid storage tank is transported into the inside of the spray pipe through the connecting pipe by driving the liquid pump, the alkali washing liquid is sprayed into the inside of the absorption tank through the atomizing nozzle, so that the HF is fully contacted with the upward flowing tail gas containing HF, so that the HF is neutralized, the neutralized liquid is filtered by the filter screen plate and accumulated at the bottom end of the inside of the absorption tank, and the liquid can be discharged through the liquid discharge pipe only when the whole process is completed, and the neutralized gas continues to flow upward, and then is adsorbed by the filler plate in the top seat and the activated carbon, so that the residual hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas in the tail gas are fully absorbed and purified, and finally the tail gas after absorption and purification is discharged through the exhaust pipe, thereby improving the actual treatment effect of the tail gas;

[0017] S2: The HF concentration detector is inserted into the installation slot on the fixing seat, the two sides of the HF concentration detector at the bottom end are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces of the second limiting blocks on both sides, so as to push the second limiting blocks to move towards the inside of the movable cavity and compress the second springs, when the HF concentration detector is completely inserted into the inside of the installation slot, the second limiting blocks are pushed to extend into the inside of the installation slot under the elastic force of the second springs, and the HF concentration detector is installed and fixed below the exhaust pipe by being inserted into the clamping grooves on both sides of the outer surface of the HF concentration detector, so that the PH value of the tail gas discharged from the exhaust pipe can be detected by the HF concentration detector to confirm the absorption effect and ensure that the discharge meets the standard;

[0018] S3: When the absorption tank is used, the motor is started to drive the gear to rotate, the gear block meshing with the upper end of the filter screen plate is rotated, so that the filter screen plate is rotated, and the shaft roller and the brush arranged on one side of the bottom end of the filter screen plate are used to make the brush contact and clean the filter screen plate, so as to avoid the blockage of the filter screen plate and affect the filtering effect of the filter screen plate.

[0019] S4: By rotating the threaded rods on both sides of the upper end of the absorption tank, the threaded rods rotate in the threaded groove and approach the drive cavity. Then, the bottom end of the threaded rod slides into contact with the inclined surface of the inner wall of the groove, thereby pushing the first limiting block to move towards one side of the drive cavity and compressing the first spring. This causes the end of the first limiting block away from the first spring to disengage from the limiting groove on the outer surface of the top seat, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the top seat. The top seat can then be disassembled, and the packing plate and activated carbon inside the top seat can be cleaned and replaced to prevent the activated carbon from becoming saturated and affecting the adsorption and purification effect.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention uses a liquid pump to transport the alkaline washing liquid inside the storage tank to the inside of the spray pipe through a connecting pipe, and then sprays the alkaline washing liquid into the inside of the absorption tank through an atomizing nozzle, so as to fully contact the upward flowing HF-containing exhaust gas, so that the HF is neutralized. The neutralized gas continues to flow upward, and then passes through the packing plate and activated carbon inside the top seat for adsorption, thereby fully absorbing and purifying the residual hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas in the exhaust gas.

[0022] 2. This invention rotates the threaded rods on both sides of the upper end of the absorption tank, causing the threaded rods to rotate in the threaded groove and approach the driving cavity. Then, one side of the bottom end of the threaded rod slides into contact with the inclined surface of the inner wall of the groove, thereby pushing the first limiting block to move towards one side of the driving cavity and compressing the first spring. This causes the end of the first limiting block away from the first spring to disengage from the limiting groove on the outer surface of the top seat, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the top seat. The top seat can then be disassembled, and the packing plate and activated carbon inside the top seat can be cleaned and replaced to prevent the activated carbon from becoming saturated and affecting the adsorption and purification effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the entire invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the top seat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0028] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0029] Fig. 1, support table; 101, threaded groove; 102, drive cavity; 2, absorption tank; 3, air inlet pipe; 4, liquid outlet pipe; 5, top seat; 501, limiting groove; 6, exhaust pipe; 7, liquid storage tank; 8, liquid pump; 9, spray pipe; 10, atomizing nozzle; 11, filter screen plate; 12, driving mechanism; 1201, motor; 1202, gear; 1203, tooth block; 13, shaft roller; 14, brush; 15, filler plate; 16, activated carbon; 17, annular support plate; 18, first limiting block; 1801, groove; 19, first spring; 20, threaded rod; 21, fixed seat; 2101, mounting groove; 2102, movable cavity; 22, HF concentration detector; 2201, clamping groove; 23, second limiting block; 24, second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 An embodiment provided by the present application: a hydrogen fluoride tank car vent gas absorption and recovery system, comprising a support table 1 and an absorption tank 2, the absorption tank 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the support table 1, an air inlet pipe 3 is connected through one side of the absorption tank 2 close to the bottom end, a spray pipe 9 in a ring shape is installed in the inside of the absorption tank 2 and above the air inlet pipe 3, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 10 are connected through the bottom end of the spray pipe 9, a filter screen plate 11 is driven and connected through a driving mechanism 12 below the spray pipe 9 and below the air inlet pipe 3, a shaft roller 13 is connected through a bearing on one side below the filter screen plate 11 and on the inner wall of the absorption tank 2, a brush 14 is wrapped on the outer surface of the shaft roller 13 and in contact with the bottom end surface of the filter screen plate 11, a liquid outlet pipe 4 is connected below the brush 14 and at the bottom end of the absorption tank 2.

[0032] An annular support plate 17 is fixedly connected inside the absorption tank 2 close to the top end, a top seat 5 is detachably installed above the annular support plate 17, the outer surface of the top seat 5 close to the bottom end is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the top end of the absorption tank 2 through a sealing gasket, a filler plate 15 is installed inside the top seat 5, the filler plate 15 is in a filter screen structure, activated carbon 16 is fixedly arranged inside the filler plate 15, an exhaust pipe 6 is connected through one side above the filler plate 15 and at the top seat 5.

[0033] The side of the absorption tank 2 is fixed with a liquid storage tank 7 at the upper end of the support table 1, the upper end of the liquid storage tank 7 is connected with a liquid pump 8 through a connecting pipe, one side of the liquid pump 8 is connected with a spraying pipe 9 through a connecting pipe, the tail gas of the hydrogen fluoride tank car enters the inside of the absorption tank 2 through the gas inlet pipe 3, then the liquid pump 8 is driven to send the alkaline washing liquid in the liquid storage tank 7 to the inside of the spraying pipe 9 through the connecting pipe, and the alkaline washing liquid is sprayed to the inside of the absorption tank 2 through the atomizing nozzle 10, so as to fully contact with the upward flowing tail gas containing HF, so that the HF is neutralized.

[0034] The driving mechanism 12 includes a motor 1201, a gear 1202 and a tooth block 1203, the motor 1201 is fixed on one side of the absorption tank 2 and located at the upper end of the support table 1, the output end of the motor 1201 extends to the inside of the absorption tank 2 through a shaft coupling and is connected with the gear 1202, the filter screen plate 11 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the absorption tank 2 through a sliding block, the upper end of the filter screen plate 11 is fixedly connected with a plurality of tooth blocks 1203 at equal distances, and the gear 1202 is engaged with the tooth blocks 1203, the gear 1202 is driven to rotate by starting the motor 1201, when the gear 1202 rotates, the tooth blocks 1203 engaged with the upper end of the filter screen plate 11, so that the filter screen plate 11 rotates, then the shaft roller 13 and the brush 14 arranged at the bottom end of the filter screen plate 11 make the brush 14 contact with the filter screen plate 11 for cleaning, so as to avoid the filter screen plate 11 being blocked and affecting the filtering effect of the filter screen plate 11.

[0035] The outer surface of the absorption tank 2 is fixedly connected with a fixed seat 21 on one side close to the upper end, the upper end of the fixed seat 21 is provided with a mounting groove 2101, and the inside of the fixed seat 21 is provided with symmetrical movable cavities 2102 on both sides of the mounting groove 2101, an HF concentration detector 22 is inserted into the inside of the mounting groove 2101, and the detection port of the HF concentration detector 22 corresponds to the exhaust pipe 6, the inside of the movable cavities 2102 on both sides is slidingly connected with a second limiting block 23, the side of the two second limiting blocks 23 close to each other is inclined upward and downward, the end of the two second limiting blocks 23 away from each other is fixedly connected with a second spring 24 between the inner walls of the movable cavities 2102, the end of the two second limiting blocks 23 away from the second spring 24 is movably extended through the movable cavities 2102 and extends to the inside of the mounting groove 2101, the outer surface of the HF concentration detector 22 is provided with a clamping groove 2201 on both sides close to the bottom end, the end of the two second limiting blocks 23 extended through the movable cavities 2102 is slidingly inserted into the clamping grooves 2201 through the inclined surfaces, by installing and fixing the HF concentration detector 22 below the exhaust pipe 6, when the tail gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 6, the PH value can be detected by the HF concentration detector 22 to confirm the absorption effect and ensure the standard discharge.

[0036] Threaded grooves 101 are formed on both sides of the top end of the absorption tank 2, and drive cavities 102 are formed below the two threaded grooves 101. Threaded rods 20 are provided on both sides of the top end of the absorption tank 2, and extend into the drive cavities 102 through the threaded grooves 101. First limiting blocks 18 are slidably connected inside the drive cavities 102 on both sides. Concave grooves 1801 are formed on the upper ends of the two first limiting blocks 18, and the sides of the two concave grooves 1801 that are away from each other are inclined. The bottom ends of the threaded rods 20 extend into the concave grooves 1801, and the bottom ends of the threaded rods 20 are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces of the concave grooves 1801. First springs 19 are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the drive cavities 102 and the sides of the two first limiting blocks 18 that are away from each other. In the natural state of the two first springs 19, the ends of the first limiting blocks 18 that are away from the first springs 19 move through the drive cavities 102 and extend into the absorption tank 2. Limiting grooves 501 that match the first limiting blocks 18 are formed on both sides of the outer surface of the top seat 5 near the bottom end. The ends of the first limiting blocks 18 that extend into the absorption tank 2 are inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves 501.

[0037] By screwing the threaded rods 20 in the threaded grooves 101 and moving them close to the drive cavities 102, the first limiting blocks 18 are pushed to move towards one side of the drive cavities 102 by the sliding contact between the bottom ends of the threaded rods 20 and the inclined surfaces of the inner walls of the concave grooves 1801, and the first springs 19 are compressed. Then, the ends of the first limiting blocks 18 that are away from the first springs 19 are separated from the insertion of the limiting grooves 501 on the outer surface of the top seat 5, so that the limiting of the top seat 5 is released. The top seat 5 can be disassembled, and the filler plate 15 and the activated carbon 16 inside the top seat 5 can be cleaned and replaced, so as to avoid the saturation of the activated carbon 16 and affect the adsorption and purification effect.

[0038] The recovery method of the hydrogen fluoride tank car vent gas absorption and recovery system includes the following steps:

[0039] S1: The tail gas of the hydrogen fluoride tank car enters the inside of the absorption tank 2 through the gas inlet pipe 3, and then the alkaline scrubbing liquid in the liquid storage tank 7 is transported into the inside of the spray pipe 9 through the connecting pipe by the drive liquid pump 8. The alkaline scrubbing liquid is sprayed into the inside of the absorption tank 2 through the atomizing nozzle 10, so as to fully contact with the upward flowing tail gas containing HF, so that the HF is neutralized. The neutralized liquid is filtered by the filter screen plate 11 and accumulated at the bottom end of the inside of the absorption tank 2. The whole process is completed, and then the liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 4. The neutralized gas continues to flow upward, and then is adsorbed by the filler plate 15 and the activated carbon 16 in the inside of the top seat 5, so as to fully absorb and purify the residual hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas in the tail gas. The adsorbed and purified tail gas is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 6, so as to improve the actual treatment effect of the tail gas.

[0040] S2: the HF concentration detector 22 is inserted into the mounting groove 2101 on the fixed seat 21, the second limiting block 23 is moved to the inside of the movable cavity 2102 by the slant surface of the two sides of the bottom end of the HF concentration detector 22 and the slant surface of the two second limiting blocks 23, and the second spring 24 is compressed, when the HF concentration detector 22 is completely inserted into the inside of the mounting groove 2101, the second limiting block 23 is extended to the inside of the mounting groove 2101 under the elastic force of the second spring 24, and the second limiting block 23 is inserted into the clamping groove 2201 on the outer surface of the HF concentration detector 22, so that the HF concentration detector 22 is installed and fixed below the exhaust pipe 6, when the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 6, the PH value can be detected by the HF concentration detector 22 to confirm the absorption effect and ensure that the emission standard is met;

[0041] S3: when the absorption tank 2 is used, the gear 1202 is driven to rotate by starting the motor 1201, the gear 1202 is engaged with the tooth block 1203 on the upper end of the filter screen plate 11, so that the filter screen plate 11 is rotated, and then the shaft roller 13 and the brush 14 arranged on the bottom end of the filter screen plate 11 are used to make the brush 14 contact and clean the filter screen plate 11, so that the filter screen plate 11 is prevented from being blocked and affecting the filtering effect of the filter screen plate 11;

[0042] S4: the threaded rod 20 is rotated to make the threaded rod 20 threadedly rotate in the threaded groove 101 and approach the driving cavity 102, then the slant surface on one side of the bottom end of the threaded rod 20 and the inner wall of the groove 1801 is in sliding contact, so that the first limiting block 18 is moved to one side of the driving cavity 102 and the first spring 19 is compressed, and then the end of the first limiting block 18 away from the first spring 19 is separated from the insertion of the limiting groove 501 on the outer surface of the top seat 5, so that the limiting of the top seat 5 is released, and the top seat 5 can be disassembled, and the filler plate 15 and the activated carbon 16 in the top seat 5 can be cleaned and replaced, so that the adsorption saturation of the activated carbon 16 is avoided and the adsorption purification effect is affected.

[0043] It is apparent for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but can be implemented in other concrete forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all aspects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced by the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fluoride tanker venting exhaust gas absorption and recovery system, comprising a support platform (1) and an absorption tank (2), wherein the absorption tank (2) is fixedly installed through one side of the support platform (1), characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (3) is connected through the bottom side of the absorption tank (2). Inside the absorption tank (2) and above the air inlet pipe (3), a ring-shaped spray pipe (9) is installed. Several atomizing nozzles (10) are connected through the bottom end of the spray pipe (9). Below the spray pipe (9) and below the air inlet pipe (3), a filter plate (11) is driven and connected by a drive mechanism (12). On one side below the filter plate (11) and on the inner wall of the absorption tank (2), a shaft roller (13) is connected by a bearing. The outer surface of the shaft roller (13) is wrapped with a brush (14), and the brush (14) contacts the bottom end of the filter plate (11). Below the brush (14) and at the bottom end of the absorption tank (2), a drain pipe (4) is connected. An annular support plate (17) is fixedly connected to the inside of the absorption tank (2) near the top. A top seat (5) is detachably installed above the annular support plate (17). The outer surface of the top seat (5) near the bottom is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the top of the absorption tank (2) through a sealing gasket. A packing plate (15) is installed inside the top seat (5). The packing plate (15) is arranged in a filter screen structure. Activated carbon (16) is fixedly installed inside the packing plate (15). An exhaust pipe (6) is connected through the top of the packing plate (15) and on one side of the top seat (5).

2. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage tank (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the absorption tank (2) and at the upper end of the support platform (1). The upper end of the storage tank (7) is connected to a liquid pump (8) through a connecting pipe. One side of the liquid pump (8) is connected to the spray pipe (9) through a connecting pipe.

3. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (12) includes a motor (1201), a gear (1202), and a tooth block (1203). The motor (1201) is fixedly mounted on one side of the absorption tank (2) and located at the upper end of the support platform (1). The output end of the motor (1201) extends through a coupling into the interior of the absorption tank (2) and is connected to the gear (1202). The filter plate (11) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the absorption tank (2) by a slider. Several tooth blocks (1203) are fixedly connected at equal intervals at the upper end of the filter plate (11), and the gear (1202) meshes with the tooth blocks (1203).

4. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the absorption tank (2) has threaded grooves (101) on both sides, and a drive cavity (102) is provided below the two threaded grooves (101). The top of the absorption tank (2) has threaded through the threaded grooves (101) on both sides, and a threaded rod (20) extends into the drive cavity (102).

5. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the drive cavity (102) are slidably connected with a first limiting block (18). The upper ends of the two first limiting blocks (18) are provided with grooves (1801). The two grooves (1801) are set with an inclined surface on the side away from each other. The bottom end of the threaded rod (20) extends through into the interior of the groove (1801) and the bottom end of the threaded rod (20) slides in contact with the inclined surface of the groove (1801).

6. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the two first limiting blocks (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive cavity (102) with a first spring (19) on the side away from each other. In the natural state of the first springs (19) on both sides, the end of the first limiting block (18) away from the first spring (19) moves through the drive cavity (102) and extends into the interior of the absorption tank (2).

7. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top seat (5) has two limiting grooves (501) on its outer surface near the bottom, which match the first limiting block (18). The first limiting block (18) extends through into the absorption tank (2) and is inserted into the corresponding limiting groove (501).

8. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed base (21) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the outer surface of the absorption tank (2). An installation groove (2101) is provided at the upper end of the fixed base (21). Symmetrical movable cavities (2102) are provided on both sides of the installation groove (2101) and inside the fixed base (21). An HF concentration detector (22) is inserted into the installation groove (2101), and the detection port of the HF concentration detector (22) corresponds to the exhaust pipe (6).

9. The hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interior of each of the two movable cavities (2102) is slidably connected with a second limiting block (23). The two second limiting blocks (23) are inclined on the side that is close to each other. The ends of the two second limiting blocks (23) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected with a second spring (24) to the inner wall of the movable cavity (2102). The ends of the two second limiting blocks (23) that are far away from the second spring (24) move through the movable cavity (2102) and extend into the interior of the mounting groove (2101). The outer surface of the HF concentration detector (22) is provided with a slot (2201) on both sides near the bottom. The ends of the two second limiting blocks (23) that extend through the movable cavity (2102) are slidably inserted into the slot (2201) through the inclined surface.

10. A recovery method for a hydrogen fluoride tanker exhaust gas absorption and recovery system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The exhaust gas from the hydrogen fluoride tanker enters the interior of the absorption tank (2) through the intake pipe (3), and then the liquid pump (8) drives the alkaline washing liquid inside the storage tank (7) to be transported to the interior of the spray pipe (9) through the connecting pipe. The alkaline washing liquid is then sprayed into the interior of the absorption tank (2) through the atomizing nozzle (10), so that it can fully contact the upward-flowing exhaust gas containing HF, so that HF ​​is neutralized. The neutralized liquid is filtered by the filter plate (11) and stored at the bottom of the absorption tank (2). It can be discharged through the drain pipe (4) after the whole process is completed. The neutralized gas continues to flow upward and is then adsorbed by the packing plate (15) and activated carbon (16) inside the top seat (5), so that the residual hydrogen tetrafluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas in the exhaust gas are fully absorbed and purified. The purified exhaust gas is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe (6), which improves the actual treatment effect of the exhaust gas. S2: Insert the HF concentration detector (22) into the mounting groove (2101) on the fixed base (21). The two sides of the bottom end of the HF concentration detector (22) slide into contact with the inclined surfaces of the two second limiting blocks (23) on both sides, thereby pushing the second limiting blocks (23) to move into the interior of the movable cavity (2102) and compressing the second spring (24). When the HF concentration detector (22) is fully inserted into the interior of the mounting groove (2101), the second limiting blocks (23) are pushed by the elastic force of the second spring (24) to extend through the interior of the mounting groove (2101) and insert into the slots (2201) on both sides of the outer surface of the HF concentration detector (22), thereby installing and fixing the HF concentration detector (22) below the exhaust pipe (6). When the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe (6), the pH value can be detected by the HF concentration detector (22) to confirm the absorption effect and ensure that the emission meets the standards. S3: After the absorption tank (2) is used, the motor (1201) drives the gear (1202) to rotate. When the gear (1202) rotates, it meshes with the tooth block (1203) at the upper end of the filter screen plate (11), thereby causing the filter screen plate (11) to rotate. Then, the roller (13) and brush (14) set on one side of the bottom end of the filter screen plate (11) make the brush (14) contact the filter screen plate (11) for cleaning, thereby avoiding the filter screen plate (11) from being blocked and affecting the filtration effect of the filter screen plate (11). S4: By rotating the threaded rods (20) on both sides of the upper end of the absorption tank (2), the threaded rods (20) rotate in the threaded groove (101) and approach the drive cavity (102). Then, the bottom of the threaded rod (20) slides into contact with the inclined surface of the inner wall of the groove (1801), thereby pushing the first limiting block (18) to move towards the side of the drive cavity (102) and compressing the first spring (19). This causes the end of the first limiting block (18) away from the first spring (19) to disengage from the limiting groove (501) on the outer surface of the top seat (5), thereby releasing the limiting of the top seat (5). The top seat (5) can then be disassembled, and the packing plate (15) and activated carbon (16) inside the top seat (5) can be cleaned and replaced to prevent the activated carbon (16) from becoming saturated and affecting the adsorption and purification effect.

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