Multi-domain coupling current-sharing type high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-domain coupled uniform flow high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator, relating to the technical field of electrostatic precipitator equipment. It includes a precipitator housing with inlets and outlets on both sides. The interior of the precipitator housing is sequentially divided along the gas flow direction into multiple conventional electric field adsorption zones and at least one low-velocity electric field adsorption zone. The low-velocity electric field adsorption zone includes multiple anode units, multiple flow guiding components, and multiple cathode units. This invention utilizes the flow guiding components, the corrugated anode plate, and through holes on the first and second sidewalls. The flow guiding components divert the flue gas, allowing some gas to directly impact the V-shaped groove. Compared to conventionally designed through holes, the staggered arrangement of the through holes disrupts the stable airflow path, causing more intense collisions, shearing, and turbulence in the airflow entering the V-shaped groove from different directions. This significantly increases the collision frequency and energy between particles, resulting in larger and more easily captured particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrostatic precipitator technology, and in particular to a multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous progress and development of the economy and society, the requirements for environmental protection are becoming increasingly stringent, and dust collectors are being used more and more widely in production practices, especially electrostatic precipitators, which are widely used in industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, and power. As emission standards become increasingly stringent, the technology of traditional electrostatic precipitators is finding it increasingly difficult to meet the standards, especially in the capture of fine particulate dust.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN201620920061.4 discloses a flow-equalizing electrostatic precipitator. The anode plate of this invention adopts an integrated, permeable structure with a cross-sectional shape of a "V"-shaped combination bend. It has high strength, a large dust collection area, and good bending resistance at high temperatures. It also has excellent flue gas flow and extremely high electric field force on dust particles passing through the plate, resulting in highly efficient dust collection capabilities.

[0004] While increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the electric field to improve the dust capture effect of the anode plate and extending the residence time of dust inside the dust collector through airflow impact have certain effects, in fields such as mining, cement production, metallurgy, and thermal power generation, the concentration of gaseous dust fluctuates in a pulsed manner. When high-concentration dust enters the electrostatic precipitator, it easily forms a thick layer of ash on the surface of the anode plate. This not only hinders current conduction, but if the dust resistivity is high (such as fly ash from coal combustion at specific temperatures), it can also cause local breakdown and back corona phenomena, thus reducing dust removal efficiency. In particular, along the length of the anode plate, the first guide plate deflects most of the dust gas and causes it to collide with the anode plate. This makes the anode plate upstream of the low-velocity electric field prone to local breakdown and back corona problems. This uneven ash accumulation creates a ash thickness gradient along the length of the anode plate, making the upstream area with the thickest ash the starting point of back corona. Once local breakdown occurs, it will rapidly deteriorate the stability of the entire electric field.

[0005] Furthermore, the purpose of opening through holes on the V-shaped anode plate is to allow the gas in adjacent dust removal channels to penetrate each other in order to generate airflow disturbance. However, due to its single-sided opening design and relatively regular through hole layout, the actual flow field formed is significantly limited. That is, the generated airflow interaction is weak, and it is more of a directional and regular through-draft effect rather than a high-intensity, irregular turbulence. As a result, dust is still mainly concentrated in local areas such as the windward side, while the leeward side and the "quiet zone" of the V-shaped groove are not effectively utilized, and the theoretical dust collection area of ​​the anode plate cannot be fully utilized.

[0006] To address these issues, this invention proposes a multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-domain coupled flow equalization type high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-domain coupled uniform flow high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator, comprising a precipitator housing with inlets and outlets on both sides, wherein the interior of the precipitator housing is sequentially divided along the gas flow direction into multiple conventional electric field adsorption zones and at least one low-velocity electric field adsorption zone, wherein the low-velocity electric field adsorption zone includes:

[0009] Multiple anode units are equidistantly arranged along the width of the dust collector housing, and a dust removal channel is formed between two adjacent anode units. Each anode unit consists of multiple anode plates connected end to end, and the cross-section of the anode plates has a continuous wavy structure. Multiple through holes are opened on the side wall of the anode plates.

[0010] Multiple flow guiding components are respectively installed in the dust removal channel to divert the gas and reduce the gas flow rate;

[0011] Multiple cathode units are respectively arranged in the dust removal channel and cooperate with the anode plate to form a dust removal system.

[0012] Preferably, the anode plate is composed of a plurality of continuous V-shaped grooves, each V-shaped groove having a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposite to each other, and the through holes are respectively located on the first sidewall and the second sidewall of the V-shaped groove and are staggered, such that when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode plate, the orthographic projection of any through hole on the first sidewall of the V-shaped groove has no overlapping area with the orthographic projection of all through holes on the second sidewall of the V-shaped groove.

[0013] Preferably, the through holes on the first and second sidewalls are both biased towards the bend at the bottom of the V-shaped groove.

[0014] Preferably, the flow guiding assembly includes a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the dust collector housing, two flow guiding plates are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, an adjusting component is provided on one side of the flow guiding plate, the adjusting component can adjust the included angle of the two flow guiding plates, and a dust concentration monitoring sensor is provided at the inlet of the low flow rate electric field adsorption zone, which can monitor the change of dust concentration in real time.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a fixed cylinder fixedly connected to the dust collector housing. The fixed cylinder is a cylindrical structure with an opening on one side. An oil supply device is connected to the end of the fixed cylinder through a pipe. Multiple telescopic tubes are provided on the side wall of the fixed cylinder at equal intervals along the height direction of the fixed cylinder. The telescopic tubes are connected to the fixed cylinder. A crossbar is fixedly connected to the end of each of the multiple telescopic tubes away from the fixed cylinder. A slider is rotatably connected to both ends of the crossbar. Slide grooves matching the sliders are respectively opened on the side walls of the two guide plates.

[0016] Preferably, the oil supply device includes an oil storage tank disposed outside the dust collector housing, a piston plate is slidably connected to the inside of the oil storage tank, a first hydraulic cylinder for driving the piston plate to move is disposed on one side of the oil storage tank, and multiple solenoid valves are connected to the oil storage tank through pipelines, and multiple fixed cylinders distributed along the width direction of the dust collector housing are connected to the same solenoid valve through pipelines.

[0017] Preferably, a movable connecting mechanism is provided between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, so that the anode unit has a folded state and an unfolded state, an intermediate plate is fixedly connected between two adjacent anode plates, and a drive is provided on the dust collector housing to drive the anode unit to fold or unfold.

[0018] Preferably, the movable connection mechanism is a hinge, a latch, or a flexible conductive connector.

[0019] Preferably, the driving component includes a first horizontal plate located at the top of the anode plate, the first horizontal plate being fixedly connected to an intermediate plate in the same column, a plurality of positioning rods being fixedly connected to one side of the first horizontal plate, a second horizontal plate being fixedly connected to the end of the positioning rods away from the first horizontal plate, a driving shaft being fixedly connected to one side of the second horizontal plate, and a second hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to the dust collector housing, the second hydraulic cylinder forming a driving engagement with the driving shaft.

[0020] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to both ends of the anode unit, a sliding rod is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates, and a sliding hole matching the sliding rod is opened at the end of the intermediate plate in the same row as the fixing plate. Elastic elements are provided between the fixing plate and the adjacent intermediate plate, as well as between the two adjacent intermediate plates.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] This invention utilizes a flow guiding component, a corrugated anode plate, and through holes on the first and second sidewalls. The flow guiding component diverts the flue gas, allowing some of the gas to directly impact the V-shaped groove. Compared to conventionally designed through holes, the staggered arrangement of the through holes not only disrupts the stable path of the airflow, causing more intense collisions, shearing, and turbulence as the airflow enters the V-shaped groove from different directions, significantly increasing the collision frequency and energy between particles, resulting in larger and easier-to-capture particles, but also avoids the channel effect formed by conventional through holes. That is, symmetrical through holes may cause the airflow to concentrate on certain fixed paths, resulting in uneven utilization of the anode plate surface. The staggered design allows the airflow to be distributed more evenly across the entire surface of the V-shaped groove, avoiding local high-speed channels. This ensures that the entire effective area of ​​the anode plate participates in the efficient dust collection process, thereby improving utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combination of the conventional electric field adsorption region and the low-flow-rate electric field adsorption region of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anode unit and the flow guiding component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anode plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a planar sectional view of the anode unit and dust removal channel of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding component and gas flow direction of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the flow guiding component and adjusting component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the movable connecting mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention located inside the dust collector housing.

[0034] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0035] 1. Dust collector housing; 11. Air inlet; 12. Air outlet;

[0036] 2. Conventional electric field adsorption region;

[0037] 3. Low-velocity electric field adsorption region;

[0038] 4. Anode unit; 41. Dust removal channel; 42. Anode plate; 421. First sidewall; 422. Second sidewall; 43. Through hole; 44. Intermediate plate;

[0039] 5. Flow guiding assembly; 51. Connecting shaft; 52. Flow guide plate; 53. Adjusting component; 531. Fixing cylinder; 532. Telescopic tube; 533. Crossbar; 534. Slider;

[0040] 6. Cathode unit;

[0041] 7. Motion connection mechanism;

[0042] 8. Driving component; 81. First horizontal plate; 82. Positioning rod; 83. Second horizontal plate; 84. Drive shaft; 85. Second hydraulic cylinder;

[0043] 9. Fixed plate; 91. Slide rod; 92. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] In the actual use of electrostatic precipitators, the concentration of gaseous dust fluctuates in pulses in fields such as mining, cement production, metallurgy, and thermal power generation. High-concentration dust entering the electrostatic precipitator easily forms a thick layer of ash on the anode plate surface. This not only hinders current conduction but also causes localized breakdown and back corona discharge, ultimately reducing dust removal efficiency. Particularly along the length of the anode plate, the first guide plate redirects most of the dusty gas, causing it to collide with the anode plate. This leads to localized breakdown and back corona discharge on the upstream anode plate in the low-velocity electric field. This uneven ash accumulation creates a thickness gradient along the length of the anode plate, making the upstream region with the thickest ash the starting point of back corona discharge. Once localized breakdown occurs, it rapidly deteriorates the stability of the entire electric field.

[0047] This embodiment was invented to solve the above problems.

[0048] Please see Figures 1 to 11 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-domain coupled uniform flow high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator, including a precipitator housing 1 with an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12 on both sides. The interior of the precipitator housing 1 is divided into multiple conventional electric field adsorption zones 2 and at least one low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3 along the gas flow direction. In this embodiment, there are two conventional electric field adsorption zones 2 and one low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3. The low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3 includes multiple anode units 4, flow guiding components 5, and cathode units 6. A dust concentration monitoring sensor is provided at the inlet of the low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3, which can monitor the change of dust concentration in real time.

[0049] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conventional electric field adsorption zone 2 consists of a conventional anode plate 42 and a cathode wire. In addition, two airflow distribution plates are provided in the direction of the air inlet 11 of the dust collector box 1, so that the flue gas entering the dust collector box 1 is evenly distributed in the horizontal direction, avoiding the problem of high-speed jet or excessive local gas flow.

[0050] Multiple anode units 4 are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the dust collector housing 1. A dust removal channel 41 is formed between two adjacent anode units 4. Each anode unit 4 is composed of multiple anode plates 42 connected end to end. The cross-section of the anode plate 42 has a continuous wavy structure. Multiple through holes 43 are opened on the side wall of the anode plate 42.

[0051] Multiple flow guiding components 5 are respectively installed in the dust removal channel 41 to divert the gas and reduce the gas flow rate.

[0052] Multiple cathode units 6 are respectively arranged in the dust removal channel 41 and cooperate with the anode plate 42 to form a dust removal system.

[0053] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the anode plate 42 is composed of a plurality of continuous V-shaped grooves. Each V-shaped groove has a first sidewall 421 and a second sidewall 422 arranged opposite to each other. The through holes 43 are respectively located on the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422 of the V-shaped groove and are staggered, so that when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode plate 42, the orthographic projection of any through hole 43 on the first sidewall 421 of the V-shaped groove has no overlapping area with the orthographic projection of all through holes 43 on the second sidewall 422 of the V-shaped groove.

[0054] It should be noted that since the anode plate 42 is composed of multiple V-shaped grooves arranged in a continuous manner, the sidewall of each V-shaped groove does not exist independently. Specifically, except for the sidewall located at the outermost edge of the anode plate 42, each first sidewall 421 and second sidewall 422 simultaneously serve as components of two adjacent V-shaped grooves.

[0055] For example, in Figure 8 In the middle, the second sidewall 422 of the left V-shaped groove is also the first sidewall 421 of its adjacent V-shaped groove. Therefore, the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422 mentioned above should be understood as follows: for any V-shaped groove that is examined alone, we define its two sidewalls as the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422 respectively, without considering the sharing relationship between the sidewall and other V-shaped grooves in the overall anode plate 42. The staggered arrangement of the through holes 43 inside each V-shaped groove is defined and judged with reference to the V-shaped groove itself.

[0056] Please see Figure 8 As shown, the through holes 43 on the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422 are both biased and located near the bottom bend of the V-shaped groove.

[0057] The flow guiding assembly 5 includes a connecting shaft 51 fixedly connected to the dust collector housing 1. Two flow guiding plates 52 are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 51. An adjusting member 53 is provided on one side of the flow guiding plate 52, and the adjusting member 53 can adjust the included angle of the two flow guiding plates 52.

[0058] The adjusting component 53 includes a fixed cylinder 531 fixedly connected to the dust collector housing 1. The fixed cylinder 531 is a cylindrical structure with one side opening, and its interior is filled with hydraulic oil. The end of the fixed cylinder 531 is connected to an oil supply device through a pipe. Multiple telescopic tubes 532 are provided on the side wall of the fixed cylinder 531, which are equidistant from each other along the height direction of the fixed cylinder 531. The telescopic tubes 532 are connected to the fixed cylinder 531. A crossbar 533 is fixedly connected to the end of each telescopic tube 532 away from the fixed cylinder 531. A slider 534 is rotatably connected to both ends of the crossbar 533. The side walls of the two guide plates 52 are respectively provided with grooves that match the sliders 534. When the telescopic tubes 532 drive the crossbars 533 to move, the sliders 534 slide in the grooves and make the included angle of the two guide plates 52 larger or smaller.

[0059] Further details about the structure of the oil supply equipment include an oil storage tank located outside the dust collector housing 1. The oil storage tank has a piston plate that is slidably connected to its interior. A hydraulic cylinder for driving the piston plate is located on one side of the oil storage tank. The oil storage tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves via pipes. Multiple fixed cylinders 531 distributed along the width of the dust collector housing 1 are connected to the same solenoid valve via pipes.

[0060] During use, the flue gas enters through the inlet 11 and passes through two airflow distribution plates, which divert the flue gas and make the flow rate of the flue gas relatively uniform. After the flue gas enters the conventional electric field adsorption zone 2, the dust particles in the flue gas are negatively charged after being discharged by the cathode wire. Under the action of electric field force, they are adsorbed by the conventional anode plate 42. In particular, coarse dust particles will be captured by the conventional anode plate 42 in the conventional electric field adsorption zone 2. After being shaken by the vibration cleaning device installed on the dust collector box 1, they slide into the ash hopper below.

[0061] After initial dust removal, the flue gas passes through the conventional electric field adsorption zone 2 and enters the low-velocity electric field adsorption zone 3. The flow guiding component 5 guides and diverts the flue gas, allowing some of the gas to directly impact the anode plate 42. Since the anode plate 42 is composed of multiple continuously arranged V-shaped grooves, and through holes 43 are provided on the sidewalls of these V-shaped grooves, when gas enters the V-shaped grooves, dust particles closer to the anode plate 42 are adsorbed by the anode plate 42, while another portion of the gas passes through the through holes 43 into another V-shaped groove. Figure 6 As shown, the flue gas travels alternately through two adjacent dust removal channels 41 multiple times, which not only reduces the gas flow rate and prolongs the gas flow time in the low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3, but also improves the dust adsorption effect by increasing the effective adsorption area of ​​the anode plate 42.

[0062] Furthermore, since the through holes 43 on the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422 are staggered, and the orthographic projections of the through holes 43 on the first sidewall 421 and the through holes 43 on the second sidewall 422 have no overlapping areas, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, when the gas enters the V-shaped groove, the gas is divided into two parts. The first part of the gas opposes the gas passing through the through hole 43 on the first side wall 421 in another dust removal channel 41, causing the gas to form a large degree of turbulence in the V-shaped groove. The second part of the gas directly passes through the through hole 43 on the second side wall 422 into the next V-shaped groove and opposes the gas in the other V-shaped groove.

[0063] It should be noted that the first part of the gas forming the opposing gas in the V-shaped groove causes some of the dust to collide with the second sidewall 422 during the opposing process, while another part of the dust collides with the "quiet zone" of the first sidewall 421. During the continuous opposing process of the gas, an extremely favorable collision environment is created for the fine dust.

[0064] In addition, by adjusting the component 53 and the oil supply equipment, the angle of the guide plate 52 can be adjusted according to the dust concentration. Specifically, when the dust concentration monitoring sensor detects an increase in dust concentration at the inlet of the low-flow-rate electric field adsorption zone 3, the first hydraulic cylinder is activated and drives the piston plate inside the oil tank to move. At this time, the hydraulic oil inside the multiple fixed cylinders 531 is drawn into the oil tank, the telescopic tube 532 is shortened and drives the crossbar 533 to move closer to the fixed cylinder 531, and the included angle of the two guide plates 52 is reduced. Thus, the included angle of the guide plate 52 is controlled by the extension and retraction of the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0065] Since the oil storage tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves through pipes, and multiple fixed cylinders 531 distributed along the width direction of the dust collector housing 1 are connected to the same solenoid valve through pipes, the operator can control the angle of the same row of guide plates 52 by controlling the conduction state of the solenoid valve.

[0066] Finally, the dust-removed gas after passing through the low-velocity electric field adsorption zone 3 is discharged from the outlet 12.

[0067] In summary, through the flow guiding component 5, the corrugated anode plate 42, and the through holes 43 on the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422, the flow guiding component 5 diverts the flue gas, allowing some of the gas to directly impact the V-shaped groove. Compared to traditionally designed through holes 43, the staggered arrangement of the through holes 43 not only disrupts the stable airflow path, causing more intense collisions, shearing, and turbulence in the airflow entering the V-shaped groove from different directions, but also significantly increases the collision frequency and energy between particles, thereby greatly promoting the dust (especially P) separation. The agglomeration and aggregation of fine particulate matter (such as M2.5) transforms it into larger, more easily captured particles. It also avoids the channel effect formed by conventional through-holes 43, where symmetrical through-holes 43 may cause airflow to concentrate on certain fixed paths, resulting in uneven utilization of the anode plate 42 surface (some areas have high flow velocity and poor effect). The staggered design allows the airflow to be distributed more evenly across the entire surface of the V-shaped groove, avoiding local high-speed channels. This ensures that the entire effective area of ​​the anode plate 42 participates in the efficient dust collection process, thereby improving utilization.

[0068] Furthermore, through the configuration of the flow guide component 5, the regulating component 53, and the oil supply equipment, when the dust concentration at the inlet of the low flow rate electric field adsorption zone 3 is too high, in order to avoid the problem of local breakdown or back corona caused by excessive dust adsorption on the anode plate 42 in the upstream area of ​​the low flow rate electric field adsorption zone 3, the oil supply equipment controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic tube 532 by controlling the increase or decrease of the hydraulic oil inside the fixed cylinder 531, so that the angle of the flow guide plate 52 distributed along the gas flow direction changes dynamically.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Since the geometry of the anode plate 42 of a traditional electrostatic precipitator (such as the angle of the V-groove) is fixed, this means that its performance parameters (such as airflow resistance, turbulence intensity, and dust residence time) are also fixed. However, in actual industry, the dust concentration, particle size, flow rate, and other operating conditions of the flue gas are constantly changing, and the anode plate 42 with a fixed angle cannot always work in the optimal state.

[0071] Further improvements were made based on the above embodiments.

[0072] Please see Figures 9 to 11 As shown, a movable connecting mechanism 7 is provided between the first sidewall 421 and the second sidewall 422, so that the anode unit 4 has a folded state and an unfolded state. An intermediate plate 44 is fixedly connected between two adjacent anode plates 42. A driving component 8 is provided on the dust collector housing 1 to drive the anode unit 4 to fold or unfold.

[0073] The movable connection mechanism 7 is a hinge, latch, or flexible conductive connector.

[0074] The drive unit 8 includes a first horizontal plate 81 located at the top of the anode plate 42. The first horizontal plate 81 is fixedly connected to the middle plate 44 in the same column. A plurality of positioning rods 82 are fixedly connected to one side of the first horizontal plate 81. A second horizontal plate 83 is fixedly connected to the end of the positioning rods 82 away from the first horizontal plate 81. A drive shaft 84 is fixedly connected to one side of the second horizontal plate 83. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the dust collector housing 1. The hydraulic cylinder and the drive shaft 84 form a drive cooperation.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first horizontal plate 81 is fixedly connected to a plurality of intermediate plates 44 located in the middle of the anode unit 4, dividing the anode unit 4 into a front zone and a rear zone along the gas flow direction. When the first horizontal plate 81 moves back and forth, the anode plates 42 in the front zone and the rear zone are folded or unfolded.

[0076] A fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected to both ends of the anode unit 4. A sliding rod 91 is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates 9. The end of the intermediate plate 44, which is in the same row as the fixing plate 9, is provided with a sliding hole that matches the sliding rod 91. An elastic element 92 is provided between the fixing plate 9 and the adjacent intermediate plate 44, as well as between the two adjacent intermediate plates 44.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, when it is necessary to improve the dust capture effect in the front zone, for example, when removing dust from flue gas containing a large amount of fine particulate matter under normal concentration range and below, the second hydraulic cylinder 85 is started to drive the first horizontal plate 81 and the second horizontal plate 83 to move forward. The anode plate 42 in the front zone gradually folds and reduces the included angle of its V-shaped groove, making the space inside the V-shaped groove narrower and significantly improving the turbulence intensity. Meanwhile, the included angle of the V-shaped groove in the rear zone increases. At this time, in conjunction with the vibration cleaning device, the dust inside the V-shaped groove can slide off faster.

[0078] It should be noted that under normal operating conditions, the anode plates 42 in the front and rear zones are kept in the same folded state. When it is necessary to improve the cleaning effect of this zone, the zone is unfolded; when it is necessary to improve the dust adsorption effect of this zone and reduce the gas flow rate, the zone is folded.

[0079] Furthermore, since the front and rear regions each include multiple anode plates 42 connected end to end along the gas flow direction, in order to keep the folding state of the multiple anode plates 42 consistent, an elastic element 92 is provided between each anode plate 42. In this embodiment, the elastic element 92 is a spring sleeved on the slide rod 91.

[0080] In summary, by using the movable connecting mechanism 7, the driving component 8, and the elastic component 92, the anode unit 4 is divided into sections along the gas flow direction, allowing the anode plate 42 to be folded or unfolded according to different working conditions. When the V-groove angle of the anode plate 42 decreases, the sharp angle makes the flue gas flow path more tortuous, significantly increasing the turbulence intensity and greatly enhancing the "Karman vortex street" effect. This creates a violent collision and agglomeration environment for fine dust, causing small particles to aggregate into larger particles that are easier to capture. When the V-groove angle of the anode plate 42 increases, the cleaning effect of the anode plate 42 can be improved by using a vibration cleaning device.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-domain coupled uniform flow high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator, comprising a precipitator housing (1) with an air inlet (11) and an air outlet (12) on both sides, characterized in that, The interior of the dust collector housing (1) is divided into multiple conventional electric field adsorption zones (2) and at least one low-velocity electric field adsorption zone (3) along the gas flow direction. The low-velocity electric field adsorption zone (3) includes: Multiple anode units (4) are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the dust collector housing (1), and a dust removal channel (41) is formed between two adjacent anode units (4). Each anode unit (4) is composed of multiple anode plates (42) connected end to end, and the cross-section of the anode plate (42) has a continuous wavy structure. Multiple through holes (43) are opened on the side wall of the anode plate (42). Multiple flow guiding components (5) are respectively installed in the dust removal channel (41) to divert the gas and reduce the gas flow rate; Multiple cathode units (6) are respectively disposed in the dust removal channel (41) and cooperate with the anode plate (42) for dust removal; The anode plate (42) is composed of a plurality of continuous V-shaped grooves, each of the V-shaped grooves having a first sidewall (421) and a second sidewall (422) arranged opposite to each other. The through holes (43) are located on the first sidewall (421) and the second sidewall (422) of the V-shaped groove respectively and are staggered, so that when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the anode plate (42), the orthographic projection of any through hole (43) on the first sidewall (421) of the V-shaped groove has no overlapping area with the orthographic projection of all through holes (43) on the second sidewall (422) of the V-shaped groove. The through holes (43) on the first sidewall (421) and the second sidewall (422) are both biased and located near the bottom bend of the V-shaped groove; A movable connecting mechanism (7) is provided between the first sidewall (421) and the second sidewall (422) so that the anode unit (4) has a folded state and an unfolded state. An intermediate plate (44) is fixedly connected between two adjacent anode plates (42). A driving component (8) is provided on the dust collector housing (1) to drive the anode unit (4) to fold or unfold.

2. The multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding component (5) includes a connecting shaft (51) fixedly connected to the dust collector housing (1). Two flow guiding plates (52) are rotatably connected on the connecting shaft (51). An adjusting component (53) is provided on one side of the flow guiding plate (52). The adjusting component (53) can adjust the included angle of the two flow guiding plates (52). A dust concentration monitoring sensor is provided at the inlet of the low flow rate electric field adsorption zone (3), which can monitor the change of dust concentration in real time.

3. The multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting component (53) includes a fixed cylinder (531) fixedly connected to the dust collector housing (1). The fixed cylinder (531) is a cylindrical structure with one side opening. The end of the fixed cylinder (531) is connected to an oil supply device through a pipe. Multiple telescopic tubes (532) are provided on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (531) at equal intervals along the height direction of the fixed cylinder (531). The telescopic tubes (532) are connected to the fixed cylinder (531). A crossbar (533) is fixedly connected to the end of the multiple telescopic tubes (532) away from the fixed cylinder (531). The two ends of the crossbar (533) are respectively rotatably connected to sliders (534). The side walls of the two guide plates (52) are respectively provided with sliding grooves that match the sliders (534).

4. A multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil supply equipment includes an oil storage tank located outside the dust collector housing (1). The oil storage tank is internally sealed and slidably connected to a piston plate. A first hydraulic cylinder is provided on one side of the oil storage tank to drive the piston plate to move. The oil storage tank is connected to multiple solenoid valves through pipes. Multiple fixed cylinders (531) distributed along the width direction of the dust collector housing (1) are connected to the same solenoid valve through pipes.

5. A multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable connection mechanism (7) is a hinge, a hinge, or a flexible conductive connector.

6. A multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive unit (8) includes a first horizontal plate (81) located at the top of the anode plate (42). The first horizontal plate (81) is fixedly connected to the middle plate (44) in the same column. A plurality of positioning rods (82) are fixedly connected to one side of the first horizontal plate (81). A second horizontal plate (83) is fixedly connected to one end of the positioning rods (82) away from the first horizontal plate (81). A drive shaft (84) is fixedly connected to one side of the second horizontal plate (83). A second hydraulic cylinder (85) is fixedly connected to the dust collector housing (1). The second hydraulic cylinder (85) and the drive shaft (84) form a drive cooperation.

7. A multi-domain coupled flow-equalizing high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two ends of the anode unit (4) are respectively fixedly connected to a fixing plate (9), and a sliding rod (91) is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates (9). The end of the intermediate plate (44) which is in the same row as the fixing plate (9) is provided with a sliding hole matching the sliding rod (91). An elastic element (92) is provided between the fixing plate (9) and the adjacent intermediate plate (44) and between the two adjacent intermediate plates (44).

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