Copper tailing concentration and separation device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of copper ore flotation, in particular to a copper tailing concentration and separation device and a method thereof.The copper tailing concentration and separation device comprises a shell used for providing a closed cavity needed by flotation, and the shell is vertically arranged to ensure that ore pulp and bubbles stably flow in the axial direction; the input pipeline is coaxially arranged in the shell, and a pulp outlet is formed in the input pipeline so as to convey ore pulp into the shell; the foaming spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the shell to upwards emit a bubble carrier. The fan-shaped flow guide plates of the inner guide flow guide grid can flow towards the center of the shell under the action of inclination force, and the blank that ore pulp in the center area is prone to loss is filled up; the fan-shaped flow guide plates of the outer guide flow guide grid guide ore pulp to the marginal area, the problem that the amount of the ore pulp in the marginal area is insufficient is solved, the ore pulp concentration difference between the middle portion and the edge of the shell is eliminated, the fan-shaped flow guide plates and the outer guide flow guide grid are alternately arranged in the axial direction to form an edge-center-edge wave-shaped descending path, and the contact time of the ore pulp and bubbles is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of copper mine flotation, in particular to a copper tailing concentrate separation device and a working method of the copper tailing concentrate separation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Copper tailing concentrate separation is a key link of efficient utilization of copper mine resources, and the core principle thereof is to realize separation through a gas bubble carrier by utilizing the difference in surface wettability of copper minerals and gangue minerals.

[0003] However, traditional copper tailing concentrate separation is mostly dependent on a mechanical stirring type flotation machine, which realizes mixing of ore slurry and gas bubbles by forming a turbulent flow through a high-speed impeller, but the turbulent flow is easy to cause the fine-grained copper minerals that have adsorbed gas bubbles to fall off; meanwhile, the fine-grained ore slurry is easy to agglomerate to form a particle group with a diameter of >0.1 mm in the separation process, and the internal copper minerals are wrapped by a water film and cannot contact the gas bubbles, finally leading to a high copper content in the separation tailings, significant waste of resources, and the traditional device is limited by space, the contact time between the ore slurry and the gas bubbles is short, and the contact effect is poor. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, the application provides a copper tailing concentrate separation device and a method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, the application provides a copper tailing concentrate separation device, which comprises:

[0006] A shell is used to provide a closed chamber required for flotation, and the shell is vertically arranged to ensure stable flow of the ore slurry and the gas bubbles along the axial direction;

[0007] An input pipe coaxially arranged in the shell has a slurry outlet on the input pipe to deliver the ore slurry into the shell;

[0008] A foaming spray gun is arranged at the bottom of the shell to emit the gas bubble carrier upward;

[0009] Further, a flow guide grid is arranged in the shell and located between the slurry outlet and the foaming spray gun, the flow guide grid comprises a plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates and a fixed frame connecting the plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates to each other, and the fan-shaped flow guide plates are arranged to be inclined to guide the flow direction of the ore slurry;

[0010] The flow guide grid is equidistantly arranged in multiple layers along the axial direction, and in the multiple layers of the flow guide grid, an inner guide flow guide grid with the fan-shaped flow guide plates inclined to the middle and an outer guide flow guide grid with the fan-shaped flow guide plates inclined to the edge are alternately arranged along the axial direction to form a wavy descending path of "edge-center-edge" to prolong the contact time.

[0011] As a further technical scheme of the application, the inclination angle of the fan-shaped flow guide plate to the horizontal direction is 15-30 degrees.

[0012] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the overflow ring is a hollow structure, and the overflow ring is higher than the upper edge of the shell.

[0013] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the overflow ring is a hollow structure, and the overflow ring is higher than the upper edge of the shell.

[0014] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the slurry distribution nozzle is connected to the outside of the slurry outlet of the input pipeline and has an output direction inclined downward, and the slurry distribution nozzle is provided with multiple groups around the shaft to achieve uniform distribution of the slurry on the cross section of the column.

[0015] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the angle between the slurry distribution nozzle and the horizontal direction is 30-60 degrees.

[0016] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the radial radiation type slurry distribution member is arranged between the slurry distribution nozzle and the flow guide grid to secondarily disperse the slurry output by the slurry distribution nozzle and form a thin curtain-shaped flow from the middle to the edge, and the radial radiation type slurry distribution member comprises:

[0017] a conical core coaxially arranged below the slurry distribution nozzle to receive and secondarily disperse the slurry;

[0018] and a slurry distribution disc connected to the bottom of the conical core, wherein the slurry distribution disc is formed with fan-shaped slurry distribution holes, and the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes on the slurry distribution disc are uniformly distributed along multiple concentric circles in the radial direction, and the positions of the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes in the circumferential direction correspond to the slurry distribution nozzle.

[0019] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the grid is used to break the agglomerated bubbles and make the bubbles uniformly distributed on the cross section of the column.

[0020] and a low-pressure atomizing nozzle connected to the outside of the input pipeline and having an output direction inclined upward, wherein the low-pressure atomizing nozzle is provided with multiple groups around the shaft to break the agglomerated slurry and expose the surface of the mineral particles to the bubble adsorption.

[0021] As a further technical scheme of the present application, the bottom of the shell has a stepped section, a conical guide section and an outlet connected in sequence, the stepped section comprises multiple stepped sections gradually tapered inward, and each stepped section is uniformly provided with a foaming lance around the circumferential direction.

[0022] On the other hand, the present application also provides a working method of the copper tailings concentration separation device, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: slurry conveying and closed chamber construction;

[0024] The copper tailing slurry to be treated is transported into a vertically arranged shell through an input pipeline, and the shell provides a closed reaction chamber required for copper tailing flotation, ensuring that the slurry flows uniformly and downward along the shell axis under the action of gravity, while providing a stable counterflow space for subsequent bubble rising;

[0025] S2: initial uniform distribution of the slurry;

[0026] The slurry transported by the input pipeline is obliquely sprayed downward into the shell through multiple groups of slurry distribution nozzles arranged uniformly around the input pipeline, so as to achieve the initial uniform distribution of the slurry in the cross section of the shell;

[0027] S3: secondary radial dispersion of the slurry;

[0028] The initially uniformly distributed slurry in step S2 first impacts the conical core of the slurry distribution member, and is radially dispersed to the four directions through the conical surface of the conical core to break the slurry agglomerates, and then passes through the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes on the slurry distribution disc at the bottom of the conical core, which are uniformly distributed in the radial and circumferential directions, to finely divide the slurry into a thin curtain-shaped flow covering the entire cross section of the shell, thereby reducing the flow rate of the slurry and eliminating the difference in slurry concentration between the middle and the edge of the shell;

[0029] S4: wave-shaped flow guiding and low-speed counterflow contact of the slurry;

[0030] Below the slurry distribution disc, the slurry forms a wave-shaped descending path of "edge-center-edge" through the alternately arranged inner and outer guide flow grids in the axial direction of the shell, further reducing the descending speed of the slurry and prolonging the contact time between the slurry and the rising bubbles;

[0031] S5: generation and uniform distribution of micro-bubbles;

[0032] Multiple groups of foaming lances are used to vertically upwardly spray high-pressure air flow into the shell to generate micro-bubbles, and a grid arranged above the stepped section is used to shear and break the large bubbles agglomerated during the rising process, so that the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the cross section of the shell;

[0033] S6: breaking and mineralization of fine slurry agglomerates;

[0034] Multiple groups of low-pressure atomizing nozzles arranged circumferentially around the input pipeline and having an output direction obliquely upward are used to spray fan-shaped atomizing jets to the slurry between the flow guide grids in step S4, so as to break the fine copper tailing agglomerates with a diameter > 0.1 mm, expose the hydrophobic sites on the surface of the mineral particles, and promote the adsorption of the mineral particles and the uniformly distributed micro-bubbles in step S5 to form mineralized bubbles;

[0035] S7: collection of concentrate foam and discharge of tailings;

[0036] The mineralized bubbles formed in step S6 ascend along the shell axis to the top, and the mineralized bubbles are guided into the overflow groove in the overflow ring through the overflow ring arranged around the outside of the top of the shell and higher than the upper edge of the shell to realize concentrate collection; the hydrophilic tailings not adsorbed with the bubbles flow into the conical guide section along the stepped section at the bottom of the shell, and are discharged from the bottom outlet after being collected through the conical guide section.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0038] (1) The fan-shaped guide vanes of the inner guide flow grid flow to the center of the shell under the action of the tilting force, filling the blank of "easy loss of slurry in the center area"; the fan-shaped guide vanes of the outer guide flow grid guide the slurry to the edge area, solving the problem of "insufficient slurry in the edge area", and eliminating the difference in slurry concentration between the middle and the edge of the shell.

[0039] And the two are alternately arranged along the axis to form a wavy descending path of "edge-center-edge", prolonging the contact time of the slurry and the bubbles.

[0040] (2) The radial radiation type slurry distributor disperses the slurry through the conical core and refines the flow state through the fan-shaped holes of the slurry distribution disc, improving the uniformity of the slurry concentration across the section and eliminating the concentration difference between the middle and the edge of the column; the grid can shear and break large-diameter bubbles in the rising process, reducing the concentration difference across the section of the bubbles, realizing accurate matching of the slurry and the bubbles, and avoiding insufficient mineralization in local areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the copper tailings concentration separation device is shown;

[0042] Figure 2 The internal structure schematic diagram of the copper tailings concentration separation device is shown;

[0043] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the radial radiation type slurry distributor is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the flow guide grid is shown;

[0045] Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the inner guide flow grid and the outer guide flow grid is shown;

[0046] Figure 6 The structure schematic diagram of the foaming spray gun is shown.

[0047] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 100, housing; 110, stepped section; 120, tapered guide section; 130, outlet; 200, input pipe; 300, overflow ring; 310, overflow groove; 400, slurry distribution nozzle; 500, radial-radiation slurry distributor; 510, tapered core; 520, slurry distribution disc; 521, fan-shaped slurry distribution hole; 600, guide grid; 600a, inner guide grid; 600b, outer guide grid; 610, fan-shaped guide plate; 620, fixed frame; 700, grid; 800, low-pressure atomizing nozzle; 900, foaming lance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0049] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the copper tailings beneficiation separation device is shown; Figure 1 In this copper tailings beneficiation separation device, comprising:

[0050] The housing 100 is used to provide a closed chamber required for flotation, and the housing 100 is vertically arranged to ensure that the slurry and the bubbles flow stably along the axial direction.

[0051] And the input pipe 200 coaxially arranged in the housing 100 is used to transport the slurry into the housing 100.

[0052] The housing 100 provides an independent space for the three-phase reaction of "slurry-bubble-ore particle" for copper tailings flotation through the closed structure, which can not only avoid material waste caused by slurry leakage, but also prevent external air from mixing and interfering with the stability of the bubbles; the vertical design of the housing 100 follows the gravity flow field law, so that the slurry flows uniformly downward along the axial direction under the action of its own gravity, and the bubbles generated by the foaming lance 900 flow uniformly upward along the axial direction, forming a stable "counter-current contact" flow field, which avoids uneven local flow rate caused by the inclination of the housing.

[0053] The input pipe 200 coaxially arranged at one end of the sand pump and the other end extending to the middle region of the housing 100 ensures that the slurry can initially cover the center region of the cross section of the housing when it is output from the pipe, which provides a basis for the uniform distribution of the subsequent slurry distribution nozzle 400.

[0054] Figure 2 The internal structure schematic diagram of the copper tailings beneficiation separation device is shown; it also includes the following components arranged from top to bottom:

[0055] The overflow ring 300 is arranged outside the shell 100 and forms an overflow groove 310 to receive the overflowed concentrate froth. The overflow ring 300 is a hollow structure, and the upper edge of the overflow ring 300 is higher than the upper edge of the shell 100. The overflow ring 300 is arranged outside the top of the shell 100 and has an upper edge higher than the upper edge of the shell 100, so that the rising concentrate froth in the shell 100 can smoothly overflow into the overflow groove 310 in the ring. The hollow structure can filter large gangue particles entrained in the froth to avoid blocking the subsequent pipeline, and the height difference prevents the froth from flowing back due to pressure fluctuations in the shell 100.

[0056] The pulp distribution nozzle 400 is arranged outside the input pipeline 200 and has an output direction inclined downward. The pulp distribution nozzle 400 is arranged around the shaft and has multiple groups to achieve uniform distribution of the pulp on the cross section of the column. The angle between the pulp distribution nozzle 400 and the horizontal direction is 30°-60°. Six groups of tungsten carbide nozzles are arranged at an interval of 60° around the input pipeline 200, and the output direction is inclined downward at an angle of 30° with the horizontal direction. The speed of the pulp ejected from the nozzle edge can be controlled at 1.2-1.8 m / s through automatic adjustment. The downward inclined direction avoids direct impact of the pulp on the wall of the shell 100, causing wear. The multiple circumferential arrangements make the pulp initially cover 80% of the cross section of the shell 100, laying a foundation for the secondary dispersion of the pulp distribution member 500.

[0057] The radial radiation type pulp distribution member 500 is used to secondarily disperse the pulp output by the pulp distribution nozzle 400 and form a thin curtain-shaped flow from the middle to the edge. It eliminates pulp agglomeration and reduces flow velocity, and solves the concentration difference between the middle and the edge. The pulp ejected from the nozzle 400 is received by the wear-resistant ceramic conical core 510, which breaks up the pulp agglomerates by radially dispersing the concentrated pulp in all directions using the conical slope. Then, the dispersed pulp is further refined into a thin curtain-shaped flow from the middle to the edge through the fan-shaped pulp distribution holes 521 on the bottom pulp disc 520. This process not only reduces the flow velocity of the pulp, but also eliminates the difference between the high concentration of the middle and the low concentration of the edge, so that the subsequent flow guide grid 600 can uniformly process the pulp on the full cross section, avoiding insufficient mineralization in some areas.

[0058] The multi-layer flow guide grid 600 is arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the shell 100 to form a wave-shaped flow path, so that the pulp and the bubbles can realize low-speed countercurrent contact. The multi-layer flow guide grid is arranged at intervals along the axis of the shell 100, and each layer is composed of multiple fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 and fixed frames 620. Through the guidance of the upper flow guide plates to the middle and the lower flow guide plates to the edge, the pulp forms a wave-shaped descending path from the center to the edge to the center, further reducing the descending speed of the pulp and prolonging the contact time with the rising bubbles from 30s to 50-60s.

[0059] The grid 700 is used to break the agglomerated bubbles and make the bubbles evenly distributed on the column cross section; the grid is arranged at 400 mm above the stepped section 110 to receive the bubbles generated by the foaming lance 900; through the screen effect of the grid, the large bubbles with a diameter > 2 mm agglomerated in the rising process are sheared and broken into effective flotation bubbles with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 mm, and at the same time, the bubbles are forced to uniformly fill the grid gap, so that the bubble concentration difference of the whole cross section is reduced from 15% to 5%; compared with the design without the grid, the bubble utilization rate is increased from 60% to 85%, and the bubble waste is reduced.

[0060] The low-pressure atomizing nozzle 800 is arranged in communication outside the input pipeline 200 and the output direction is inclined upward, the low-pressure atomizing nozzle 800 is arranged around the shaft with multiple groups to break the agglomerated mineral slurry and expose the mineral particle surface to bubble adsorption; six groups of nozzles are arranged at an interval of 60° around the circumference of the input pipeline 200, the output direction is inclined upward at an angle of 45° with the horizontal direction, and a fan-shaped atomizing jet is sprayed at a pressure of 0.15 MPa; the jet directly impacts the mineral slurry between the flow guide grids 600, breaks the agglomerated mineral slurry with a diameter > 0.1 mm, exposes the hydrophobic sites on the mineral particle surface, and avoids the problem of “mineral particles being wrapped and unable to contact bubbles” caused by agglomeration.

[0061] The foaming lance 900 is used to generate and emit bubble carriers, and the output direction of the foaming lance 900 is vertically upward; six groups of tungsten carbide nozzles are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the stepped section 110 at each stepped layer, and a gas stream is vertically upwardly sprayed at a pressure of 0.3 MPa, with a single gun flow of 0.8 m 3 / h, to generate fine bubbles with a diameter of 0.1-1 mm; the vertically upward direction ensures that the bubbles stably rise along the axial direction and avoid deviating to the column wall, and the inside of the stepped section 110 is designed to be tapered, so that the nozzles are close to the center of the shell 100, the distance for the bubbles to diffuse to the center of the shell 100 is shortened from 2.5 m to 1.5 m, the diffusion time is reduced from 10 s to 5 s, and the waste of bubbles not contacting the mineral slurry and floating up is reduced.

[0062] Figure 3 The structure of the radial radiation type slurry distributor 500 is shown in the structural schematic view; Figure 3 The radial radiation type slurry distributor 500 comprises:

[0063] The conical core 510 is coaxially arranged below the mineral slurry distribution nozzle 400 to receive and secondarily disperse the mineral slurry;

[0064] The slurry distribution disc 520 is connected at the bottom of the conical core 510, the slurry distribution disc 520 is formed with fan-shaped slurry distribution holes 521, and the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes 521 on the slurry distribution disc 520 are uniformly distributed along multiple concentric circles in the radial direction, and the positions of the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes 521 in the circumferential direction correspond to the mineral slurry distribution nozzle 400.

[0065] The conical core 510 is designed with a hemispherical top and a bottom welded with the center of the pulp distributor 520, and is coaxial with the pulp distribution nozzle 400. When the pulp sprayed by the nozzle 400 impacts the hemispherical top of the conical core 510, the pulp spreads along the conical surface to the four directions, breaks the pulp agglomerates by the shearing force of the conical surface, and changes the flow direction of the pulp from “obliquely downward” to “radially outward”, avoiding the direct impact of the pulp on the pulp distributor 520 and causing local wear.

[0066] The fan-shaped pulp distribution holes 521 on the pulp distributor 520 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the plurality of concentric circles in the radial direction. The pulp dispersed from the conical core 510 flows uniformly into the corresponding pulp distribution holes 521 and is refined into 36 thin curtain-shaped pulp flows, covering the full cross-section of the shell 100 from the center to the edge. This design not only solves the problem of “pulp re-agglomeration after initial distribution by the nozzle”, but also ensures the stable flow of each pulp flow through the corresponding relationship between the pulp distribution holes and the nozzle, providing conditions for accurate flow guiding of the subsequent flow guide grid 600, and improving the uniformity of the pulp concentration from 75% to 92% on the full cross-section.

[0067] Figure 4 The structure of the flow guide grid 600 is shown; Figure 4 The flow guide grid 600 includes:

[0068] A plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 corresponding in number and position to the fan-shaped pulp distribution holes 521, the fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 being inclined to guide the flow direction of the pulp;

[0069] And a fixed frame 620 connecting the plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 to each other;

[0070] The inclination angle of the fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 with respect to the horizontal direction is 15°-30°.

[0071] In the flow guide grid 600, the number and circumferential position of the flow guide plates correspond one-to-one to the fan-shaped pulp distribution holes 521 of the pulp distributor 520, ensuring that each pulp flow from the pulp distribution holes 521 can accurately fall on the corresponding flow guide plate; the flow guide plate is inclined at an angle of 15° with respect to the horizontal direction, providing a guiding force for the pulp to flow in a specified direction through the inclination design, and reducing the flow rate of the pulp through the resistance generated by the inclination, avoiding the “insufficient contact between bubbles and particles” caused by the too fast flow rate of the pulp.

[0072] Figure 5 The structure of the inner guide flow guide grid 600a and the outer guide flow guide grid 600b is shown; Figure 5 In the multi-layer flow guide grid 600, the inner guide flow guide grid 600a and the outer guide flow guide grid 600b are included, the fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 of the inner guide flow guide grid 600a are inclined to the middle, and the fan-shaped flow guide plates 610 of the outer guide flow guide grid 600b are inclined to the edge, and the inner guide flow guide grid 600a and the outer guide flow guide grid 600b are arranged alternately in the axial direction.

[0073] The fan-shaped guide plates 610 of the inner guide flow guide 600a are inclined to the middle of the shell 100, and when the ore pulp flows on the guide plates, it will flow to the center of the shell under the action of the inclined force, filling the blank of "easy loss of ore pulp in the center area"; the fan-shaped guide plates 610 of the outer guide flow guide 600b are inclined to the edge of the shell 100, guiding the ore pulp to the edge area, solving the problem of "insufficient ore pulp in the edge area".

[0074] Along the axis of the shell 100, the inner guide flow guide 600a and the outer guide flow guide 600b are arranged in the order of "inner→outer→inner", so that after the ore pulp flows out of the ore pulp distributor 500, a wave-shaped descending path of "edge→center→edge" is formed; this path not only prolongs the contact time of the ore pulp and the bubbles by 40%, but also eliminates the difference in ore pulp concentration between the middle and the edge of the shell 100, so that the mineralization efficiency near the column wall and the center area error are ≤5%; compared with the single-direction guide flow guide, this alternating design improves the recovery rate of fine-grained copper tailings by 8%, while avoiding the accumulation of ore pulp in a certain area.

[0075] Figure 6 The structure of the foaming spray gun 900 is shown; Figure 6 Among them, the bottom of the shell 100 has a stepped section 110, a conical guide section 120 and an outlet 130 connected in turn, the stepped section 110 includes multiple steps that taper inward, and each step is uniformly arranged with a foaming spray gun 900 around the circumference.

[0076] The stepped section 110 at the bottom of the shell 100 has three levels, each with a height of 800mm, and the inner diameter from bottom to top is 3000mm, 4000mm and 5000mm respectively, and the platform width of each step is 200mm; this structure enables the foaming spray gun 900 to be installed near the center of the shell 100, and the sprayed bubbles can cover the central area of the shell 100 without long-distance diffusion, improving the uniformity of diffusion by 30%; at the same time, the stepped platform can intercept the sinking sand during shutdown maintenance, avoiding the accumulation of sand in the conical guide section 120.

[0077] The conical guide section 120 is connected to the outlet 130 at the bottom; the un-mineralized tailings flow into the conical guide section 120 through the gap of the stepped section 110, and are collected into the outlet 130 under the conical guide, ensuring that the tailings are accumulated without dead angles; the variable frequency discharge valve of the outlet 130 can automatically adjust the discharge speed according to the tailings concentration, avoiding pipeline blockage caused by fluctuations in tailings concentration.

[0078] The working method of the copper tailings selective separation device includes the following steps:

[0079] S1: Ore pulp transportation and closed chamber construction;

[0080] The copper tailing slurry to be treated is transported into the vertically arranged shell 100 through the input pipeline 200, and the shell 100 provides a closed reaction chamber required for copper tailing flotation, so as to ensure that the slurry flows downward along the shell 100 at a uniform speed under the action of gravity, and at the same time, a stable counterflow space is provided for subsequent bubble rising;

[0081] S2: Primary uniform distribution of the slurry;

[0082] The slurry transported by the input pipeline 200 is obliquely downwardly sprayed into the shell 100 through the multiple groups of slurry distribution nozzles 400 arranged circumferentially around the input pipeline 200, so as to realize the primary uniform distribution of the slurry in the cross section of the shell 100;

[0083] S3: Secondary radial dispersion of the slurry;

[0084] The primary uniformly distributed slurry in step S2 first impacts the conical core 510 of the slurry distribution member 500, and the slurry is radially scattered to the four directions through the conical surface of the conical core 510 to break the slurry agglomerates, and then the slurry is further refined into a thin curtain-shaped flow covering the full cross section of the shell 100 through the radially and circumferentially uniformly distributed fan-shaped slurry distribution holes 521 on the slurry distribution disc 520 at the bottom of the conical core 510, so as to reduce the slurry flow rate and eliminate the difference in slurry concentration between the middle and the edge of the shell 100;

[0085] S4: Wave-shaped flow guiding and low-speed counterflow contact of the slurry;

[0086] Below the slurry distribution disc 520, the slurry forms a wave-shaped descending path of “edge-center-edge” through the inner guide flow grid 600a and the outer guide flow grid 600b which are alternately arranged along the axis of the shell 100, so as to further reduce the descending speed of the slurry and prolong the contact time of the slurry with the rising bubbles;

[0087] S5: Generation and uniform distribution of micro-bubbles;

[0088] Through the multiple groups of foaming spray guns 900, high-pressure air flow is vertically upwardly sprayed into the shell 100 to generate micro-bubbles, and at the same time, the grid 700 arranged above the stepped section 110 shears and breaks the large bubbles agglomerated in the rising process, so that the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the cross section of the shell 100

[0089] S6: Breaking and mineralization of fine slurry agglomerates;

[0090] Through the multiple groups of low-pressure atomizing nozzles 800 circumferentially arranged around the input pipeline 200 and obliquely upwardly outputting, fan-shaped atomizing jets are sprayed to the slurry between the flow guide grids 600 in step S4, so as to break the fine copper tailing agglomerates with a diameter >0.1 mm, expose the hydrophobic sites on the surface of the ore particles, and promote the adsorption of the ore particles with the uniformly distributed micro-bubbles in step S5 to form mineralized bubbles;

[0091] S7: concentrate froth collection and tailings discharge;

[0092] The mineralized bubbles formed in step S6 ascend axially along the shell 100 to the top, and are guided into the overflow groove 310 in the overflow ring 300 by the overflow ring 300 arranged around the outside of the top of the shell 100 and having an upper edge higher than the upper edge of the shell 100, to achieve concentrate collection; the hydrophilic tailings not adsorbed with the bubbles flow along the stepped section 110 at the bottom of the shell 100 into the conical guide section 120, and are discharged from the bottom outlet 130 after being collected through the conical guide section 120.

[0093] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit it.

Claims

1. A copper tailings cleaning separation device, comprising: a housing (100) for providing a closed chamber required for flotation, the housing (100) being arranged vertically to ensure stable flow of the slurry and the bubbles along the axial direction; an input pipe (200) coaxially arranged in the housing (100), the input pipe (200) having a slurry outlet for delivering the slurry into the housing (100); a foaming lance (900) arranged at the bottom of the housing (100) for emitting the bubble carrier upwardly; characterized in that further comprising a flow guide grid (600) arranged in the housing (100) between the slurry outlet and the foaming lance (900), the flow guide grid (600) comprising a plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) and a fixed frame (620) connecting the plurality of fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) to each other, the fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) being arranged obliquely to guide the slurry flow; the flow guide grid (600) is arranged with multiple layers equidistantly along the axial direction, and in the multiple layers of the flow guide grid (600), an inner guide flow guide grid (600a) with the fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) inclined to the middle and an outer guide flow guide grid (600b) with the fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) inclined to the edge are arranged alternately along the axial direction to form a wavy descending path of "edge-center-edge" to prolong the contact time.

2. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 1, wherein, the angle of the fan-shaped flow guide plates (610) with the horizontal direction is 15°-30°.

3. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 2, wherein: further comprising an overflow ring (300) arranged around the outside of the housing (100) and forming an overflow groove (310) for receiving the overflowed concentrate froth.

4. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 3, wherein: the overflow ring (300) is a hollow structure, and the overflow ring (300) is higher than the upper edge of the housing (100).

5. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 3, wherein, further comprising a slurry distribution nozzle (400) arranged in communication with the slurry outlet of the input pipe (200) and having an output direction inclined downwardly, the slurry distribution nozzle (400) being arranged with multiple groups around the shaft to achieve uniform distribution of the slurry on the column cross section.

6. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 5, wherein: the angle of the slurry distribution nozzle (400) with the horizontal direction is 30°-60°.

7. A copper tailings cleaning separation device according to claim 6, characterised in that: further comprising a radial radiation type slurry distribution member (500) arranged between the slurry distribution nozzle (400) and the flow guide grid (600) for secondary dispersion of the slurry output by the slurry distribution nozzle (400) and forming a thin curtain flow from the middle to the edge, the radial radiation type slurry distribution member (500) comprising: a conical core (510) coaxially arranged below the slurry distribution nozzle (400) for receiving and secondary dispersing the slurry; and a slurry distribution disc (520) connected at the bottom of the conical core (510), the slurry distribution disc (520) being formed with fan-shaped slurry distribution holes (521), and the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes (521) on the slurry distribution disc (520) being uniformly distributed along multiple concentric circles in the radial direction, the positions of the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes (521) in the circumferential direction corresponding to the slurry distribution nozzle (400).

8. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 6, wherein: further comprising a grid (700) for breaking the agglomerated bubbles and uniformly distributing the bubbles on the column cross section. And low pressure atomizing nozzle (800) is connected with the input pipeline (200) outside and the output direction is inclined upward, the low pressure atomizing nozzle (800) is provided with multiple groups around the shaft to break the mineral slurry agglomerate and expose the mineral particle surface and bubble adsorption.

9. The copper tailings cleaning separation device of claim 6, wherein: The bottom of the shell (100) has a stepped section (110), a conical guide section (120) and an outlet (130) connected in turn, the stepped section (110) includes multiple levels of stepped sections gradually tapered to the inside, and each level of stepped section is uniformly arranged with a foaming lance (900) around the circumference.

10. A method of operating a copper tailings cleaning separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that, It comprises the following steps: S1: mineral slurry conveying and closed chamber construction; The copper tailings slurry to be treated is conveyed into the vertically arranged shell (100) through the input pipeline (200), and the closed reaction chamber required for copper tailings flotation is provided by the shell (100), ensuring that the mineral slurry flows uniformly downward along the shell (100) under the action of gravity, while providing a stable counterflow space for the subsequent bubble rising; S2: primary uniform distribution of mineral slurry; The mineral slurry conveyed by the input pipeline (200) is sprayed obliquely downward into the shell (100) through the multiple groups of mineral slurry distribution nozzles (400) uniformly arranged around the input pipeline (200), achieving the primary uniform distribution of the mineral slurry in the cross section of the shell (100); S3: secondary radial dispersion of mineral slurry; The primary uniformly distributed mineral slurry in step S2 first impacts the conical core (510) of the slurry distributor (500), and is radially dispersed to break the mineral slurry agglomerate through the conical surface of the conical core (510), and then passes through the fan-shaped slurry distribution holes (521) on the slurry distribution disc (520) at the bottom of the conical core (510) and is uniformly distributed in the radial and circumferential directions, the mineral slurry is finely divided into a thin curtain flow covering the entire cross section of the shell (100), reducing the flow rate of the mineral slurry and eliminating the difference in concentration of the mineral slurry between the center and the edge of the shell (100); S4: wave-shaped flow guiding and low-speed counterflow contact of mineral slurry; Below the slurry distribution disc (520), the mineral slurry forms a "edge-center-edge" wave-shaped descending path through the alternately arranged inner guide flow guide grid (600a) and outer guide flow guide grid (600b) along the axis of the shell (100), further reducing the descending speed of the mineral slurry and prolonging the contact time between the mineral slurry and the rising bubbles; S5: generation and uniform distribution of micro-bubbles; Through multiple groups of foaming lances (900), high-pressure air flow is vertically upwardly injected into the shell (100) to generate micro-bubbles; at the same time, the grid (700) arranged above the stepped section (110) shears and breaks the large bubbles agglomerated during the rising process, so that the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the cross section of the shell (100) S6: breaking and mineralization of fine particle mineral slurry agglomerates; Through the multiple groups of low pressure atomizing nozzles (800) arranged around the input pipeline (200) and inclined upward, fan-shaped atomizing jets are sprayed to the mineral slurry between the flow guide grids (600) in step S4, breaking the fine particle copper tailings agglomerates with a diameter > 0.1mm, exposing the hydrophobic sites on the mineral particle surface, and promoting the adsorption of the mineral particles and the uniformly distributed micro-bubbles in step S5 to form mineralized bubbles; S7: concentrate foam collection and tailings discharge; The mineralized bubbles formed in step S6 ascend along the shell (100) to the top, and are guided into the overflow groove (310) in the overflow ring (300) through the overflow ring (300) arranged around the outside of the top of the shell (100) and having an upper edge higher than the upper edge of the shell (100), so as to realize concentrate collection; the hydrophilic tailings not adsorbed with the bubbles flow along the bottom stepped section (110) of the shell (100) into the conical guide section (120), and are discharged from the bottom outlet (130) after being collected through the conical guide section (120).

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