Automatic spring production equipment and production process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic spring rolling equipment and processes, and particularly discloses automatic spring production equipment and a production process, the automatic spring production equipment comprises a rack, and a wire feeding mechanism, a straightening mechanism, a forming mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a control unit which are arranged on the rack, and the control unit is electrically connected with each mechanism; the forming mechanism comprises a rotating rocker arm, a first driving assembly for driving the rocker arm to rotate and a track control device, a first crank rocker mechanism is arranged between the rocker arm and the first driving assembly, and a rotating rolling mold is arranged at the free end of the rocker arm; the track control device comprises a supporting arm which can be arranged on the rack in a fixed-axis swinging mode, a track driving assembly for driving the supporting arm to swing, a bearing plate which is arranged on the supporting arm in a sliding mode and can reciprocate in the length direction of the supporting arm, and a second driving assembly for driving the bearing plate to reciprocate. The bearing frame is rotationally arranged on the bearing plate; and the forming execution assembly is arranged on the bearing frame.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spring automatic coiling equipment and process, and discloses a spring automatic production equipment and process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the traditional manufacturing field of springs, manual operation or semi-automatic equipment has been generally relied on for a long time, and there are problems of low efficiency, poor product consistency and high dependence on skilled workers. The existing equipment is often single-function, lacks effective buffering and guiding adjustment in the wire feeding link, and is easy to cause wire wear and unstable feeding; the straightening link often adopts single-direction straightening, which is difficult to completely eliminate the internal stress of the wire; the core coiling forming link often relies on mechanical profiling, which is poor in flexibility and difficult to precisely control the spring ring diameter, pitch and other parameters, and cannot produce complex profiled springs. In particular, the subsequent processing of the end of the spring, such as profiled cutting or special heat treatment, must be carried out offline, which not only increases the deformation risk caused by secondary clamping, but also seriously damages the continuity of the production process. The last cutting link also often produces burrs or residual tail materials, affecting the appearance and use performance of the product. These technical bottlenecks seriously restrict the development of the spring manufacturing industry towards high-end and precision, and therefore, there is an urgent need for a full-automatic spring production equipment and process which integrates high efficiency, precision and flexibility and deeply integrates the core forming and finishing. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a spring automatic production equipment and process.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the spring automatic production equipment of the present application comprises a rack, a wire feeding mechanism arranged on the rack for conveying wire, a straightening mechanism for straightening the wire conveyed by the wire feeding mechanism, a forming mechanism for coiling the wire straightened by the straightening mechanism into a spring, a cutting mechanism for cutting the spring coiled and formed by the forming mechanism, and a control unit, wherein the control unit is electrically connected with each mechanism; the forming mechanism comprises a rotating rocker arm, a first driving assembly for driving the rocker arm to rotate, and a trajectory control device, a first crank rocker mechanism is arranged between the rocker arm and the first driving assembly, a rotating coiling die is arranged at the free end of the rocker arm, the trajectory control device comprises a support arm which is arranged on the rack and can be pivoted, a track driving assembly for driving the support arm to pivot, a carrying plate which is slidingly arranged on the support arm and can reciprocate along the length direction of the support arm, a second driving assembly for driving the carrying plate to reciprocate, a carrying frame which is hinged to the carrying plate, and a forming execution assembly arranged on the carrying frame, the pivoting angle of the carrying frame is constrained by the movement trajectory of the carrying plate, and the forming execution assembly is used for limiting and guiding the wire.

[0005] Through the integrated electromechanical control design, the automation and precise cooperation of the whole process of spring production are realized. The control unit as the central brain is electrically connected and coordinates the actions of the wire feeding, straightening, forming and cutting mechanisms to ensure the consistency and stability of the production rhythm. The forming mechanism adopts a crank rocker to drive a rocker arm, which is reliable in structure and accurate in movement. The core innovation lies in the trajectory control device, which combines the fixed-axis swinging of the support arm with the precise linear movement of the bearing plate to constrain the swinging angle of the bearing frame, so that the movement trajectory of the forming execution component can be accurately programmed and controlled, providing a high-degree-of-freedom forming path basis for the coiling of complex profile springs and greatly improving the adaptability and processing precision of the equipment to various springs.

[0006] Further, the track driving assembly comprises a track disc fixed on the rack, an annular transmission belt arranged around the periphery of the track disc, and a driver driving the transmission belt to move, and the track disc is provided with a first arc-shaped guide groove.

[0007] The track driving assembly is designed with high precision, which converts the annular movement of the transmission belt into accurate swinging of the support arm. The driver provides stable power through the transmission belt, and the unique "sliding block-first arc-shaped guide groove" cooperation mechanism plays a core guiding and limiting role. This structure not only ensures the stability and reliability of the swinging process of the support arm, eliminates the drift or overshoot phenomenon, and more importantly, by precisely machining the curve profile of the first arc-shaped guide groove, the swinging angle range of the support arm can be strictly defined and limited, thereby laying a solid foundation for realizing the preset and repeatable precise trajectory, making the coiling shape control of the spring more accurate and reliable.

[0008] Further, the bearing frame is provided with a second arc-shaped guide groove, and the bearing plate is provided with a rolling shaft in rolling cooperation with the second arc-shaped groove. When the bearing plate reciprocates, the linear movement of the bearing plate is converted into the swinging movement of the bearing frame around the hinge point between the bearing frame and the bearing plate through the rolling cooperation of the rolling shaft and the second arc-shaped guide groove.

[0009] This structure realizes the efficient and low-friction conversion of the motion form. The linear motion of the bearing plate driven by the second driving assembly is smoothly converted into the swing motion of the bearing frame around the hinge point through the rolling cooperation of the "rolling shaft-second arc-shaped guide groove". Compared with sliding friction, rolling friction significantly reduces resistance, responds more quickly, and has extremely low wear, which is beneficial to long-term maintenance of high motion accuracy. The curve shape of the second arc-shaped guide groove directly determines the law of motion conversion. By designing different groove types, the swing characteristics of the bearing frame can be changed, which provides another key and flexible adjustment method for fine-tuning and controlling the final spatial attitude of the forming execution assembly, enhancing the process control capability of the equipment.

[0010] Further, the peripheral surface of the coiling die is provided with a spiral groove; the forming execution assembly includes a limiting block provided on the bearing frame, a slot-shaped forming channel, a reciprocating abutting block, and an abutting driving assembly for driving the reciprocating abutting block; the limiting block is used for pressing and pre-bending the wire in the spiral groove of the coiling die; the slot-shaped forming channel is used for receiving the pre-formed spiral wire; and the driving assembly is used for driving the abutting block to abut against the spiral wire passing through the slot-shaped forming channel to perform radial fine adjustment on the formed spiral wire and control the forming parameters of the spring.

[0011] The design constitutes a continuous and precise forming closed loop. The spiral groove on the coiling die ensures the initial pitch and shape of the wire winding. The limiting block first accurately presses the wire into the spiral groove, completing the key pre-bending and positioning. Then, the slot-shaped forming channel receives and guides the preliminarily formed wire, stabilizing its shape. The last abutting block and its driving assembly are the essence of control, which can actively perform radial fine adjustment (such as pushing or jacking) on the formed but not yet set spring ring, real-time correct and accurately control the key forming parameters such as the outer diameter and pitch of the spring, effectively eliminate the size deviation caused by inertia, tension fluctuation and other factors in traditional equipment, and significantly improve the size consistency and product qualification rate of the spring.

[0012] Further, the cutting mechanism includes a support frame provided on the bearing frame, a first cutting knife and a second cutting knife rotating on the support frame, a second crank rocker mechanism driving the first cutting knife to rotate, a third crank rocker mechanism driving the second cutting knife to rotate, and the first cutting knife is arranged close to the forming execution assembly; a bearing block and a first air cylinder driving the bearing block to reciprocate are further reciprocally arranged on the support frame, the third crank rocker mechanism is reciprocally arranged on the bearing block, and the bearing block is provided with a second air cylinder driving the third crank rocker mechanism to reciprocate; the reciprocating directions of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are cross arranged.

[0013] The cutting mechanism adopts a double-knife cooperative and two-stage feeding design to achieve efficient, accurate and no-residual cutting. The first cutting knife is responsible for main cutting, separating the formed spring from the wire. The second cutting knife is used to cut off the residual wire end, ensuring the flatness of the spring end. The innovation lies in the driving mode: the second crank rocker mechanism provides stable and reliable shearing force for the first cutting knife; the third crank rocker mechanism is driven vertically by the first cylinder (longitudinal feeding) and the second cylinder (horizontal fine adjustment). The first cylinder pushes the entire second cutting knife mechanism to the working area, and then the second cylinder performs precise positioning, ensuring that the second cutting knife can accurately align the wire end position that needs to be trimmed, thereby completing clean and complete cutting, avoiding the generation of burrs or excess tail material, and improving the product appearance and performance.

[0014] Further, the wire feeding mechanism includes a support assembly movably connected to the frame, a disc body rotatably arranged on the support assembly, and a wire feeding drive assembly for driving the disc body to rotate about its axis; the periphery of the disc body is integrally formed with an annular retaining edge, which forms an annular cavity with the end face of the disc body for accommodating the coiled wire; a plurality of guide rods are arranged on the disc body in the circumferential direction, and the plurality of guide rods are arranged at intervals around the central axis of the disc body; the extension direction of the guide rod is perpendicular to the plane of the disc body, and the end of the guide rod away from the disc body is provided with a guide portion inclined toward the center of the disc body for guiding the coiled wire to be placed in the annular cavity in the axial direction of the disc body.

[0015] This wire feeding mechanism design fully considers the feeding efficiency and operational convenience of heavy coiled wire. The annular cavity structure can stably accommodate a large amount of coiled wire. The circumferentially distributed multiple guide rods form a driven type wire feeding cage, effectively preventing the wire from being thrown out, entangled or disordered due to inertia during high-speed wire feeding. The inclined guide portion at the top end of the guide rod is a key humanized design, which forms a horn-shaped guide channel, making it easy for the operator or equipment to place the entire coil of wire into the annular cavity in the axial (vertical) direction of the disc body, greatly simplifying the loading process, reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency, and especially suitable for production scenarios that frequently change wire specifications.

[0016] Further, a plurality of strip-shaped holes extending in the radial direction of the disc body are formed in the bottom of the disc body, and a strip-shaped groove body corresponding to the strip-shaped holes is mounted and in communication with the strip-shaped holes. A fixed block is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped groove body, and one end of the guide rod passes through the strip-shaped hole and abuts against the groove bottom of the strip-shaped groove body and the fixed block. A buffer spring is sleeved on the output shaft of the wire feeding drive assembly, and the buffer spring is located in the center of the disc body surrounded by the plurality of guide rods. A circular shaft end pull cover is assembled at the free end of the buffer spring.

[0017] The structure realizes convenient adjustability of the guide rod and effective buffering of the wire feeding tension. The guide rod can be easily adjusted in the radial position by sliding of the fixing block in the strip-shaped groove, so as to adapt to the wire rod coil with different inner diameters, and the versatility of the equipment is enhanced. The buffer spring sleeved on the output shaft is an important overload protection device, which can effectively absorb and relieve the impact tension caused by sudden change of the wire feeding speed or wire rod jamming, prevent the wire rod from being damaged, thinned or even broken, protect the wire feeding drive assembly from damage, ensure the stability and continuity of the wire feeding process, and provide a solid foundation for ensuring the stability of the subsequent forming quality.

[0018] Further, the support assembly includes a carrying arm movably arranged on the rack and a mounting plate fixedly arranged on the carrying arm, and the wire feeding drive assembly and the disc body are assembled on the mounting plate; a plurality of wire rods are arranged on the mounting plate in the circumferential direction of the disc body, and a guide wire piece is detachably assembled on each wire rod, and the guide wire piece is provided with a guide wire hole through which the wire rod passes; a rotary air cylinder is arranged on one of the plurality of wire rods, and the guide wire piece corresponding to the wire rod is fixed to the output shaft of the rotary air cylinder, and the guide wire piece is driven by the rotary air cylinder to rotate around the wire rod axis to adjust the wire guide angle; a speed regulating box is arranged on the mounting plate, and the speed regulating box is electrically connected with the wire feeding drive assembly and is used for stepless adjustment of the output rotating speed of the wire feeding drive assembly.

[0019] The support and guide system greatly improves the flexibility and accuracy of the wire feeding process. The movable connection of the carrying arm allows the overall posture of the wire feeding mechanism to be adjusted, facilitating centering with subsequent equipment. The detachable guide wire piece facilitates replacement to adapt to different wire diameters. The key is the adjustable guide wire piece driven by the rotary air cylinder, which can actively change the wire exit angle to ensure that the wire enters the straightening mechanism in the best posture, reducing unnecessary bending and wear. The stepless speed regulation function of the speed regulating box on the wire feeding drive assembly can realize accurate matching and flexible control of the wire feeding speed and the forming speed, meet the differentiated needs of different specifications of springs for wire feeding speed, and is a key link to realize full-automatic precision production.

[0020] Further, the spring automatic production equipment further includes a multi-axis laser cutting mechanism, the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism includes a multi-axis mechanical arm and a laser cutting head arranged at a driving end of the multi-axis mechanical arm, the multi-axis mechanical arm is used to drive the laser cutting head to move in a three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during the coiling process of the coiling mechanism or after the coiling process is completed, the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism is arranged between the coiling mechanism and the cutting mechanism, and the control unit is electrically connected with the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism and is used to cooperatively control the coiling action of the coiling mechanism, the movement track of the multi-axis mechanical arm, the laser emission state of the laser cutting head, and the cutting action of the cutting mechanism.

[0021] The multi-axis laser cutting mechanism is added in the spring automatic production equipment, the laser cutting head is driven by the multi-axis mechanical arm to realize three-dimensional space movement, the spring can be processed by laser in real time during the coiling process of the forming mechanism, and the spring after the coiling is completed can also be processed, the traditional single processing time limit is broken, and complex processing requirements such as special-shaped springs are adapted; the mechanism is arranged between the forming and cutting mechanisms, can connect the front and rear processes to form a continuous production link, reduce the process interval and improve the efficiency; the control unit cooperatively controls the forming, laser processing and cutting actions, can accurately match the time sequence and parameters of each mechanism, avoids processing deviation, ensures the spring size precision and appearance quality, simultaneously, without additional manual intervention, reduces the labor cost, enhances the automation and intelligent level of the equipment, and widens the processing adaptation range of the equipment to springs of different specifications.

[0022] A spring automatic production process, comprising the following steps: S1. Wire conveying: the control unit starts the wire feeding mechanism, the wire feeding drive assembly drives the disc body to rotate, the coiled wire in the annular cavity is fed out; the wire passes through the wire guide hole of the wire guide, and the wire guide is driven to rotate by the rotary cylinder to adjust the wire outlet angle; the speed regulation box steplessly adjusts the rotating speed of the wire feeding drive assembly, and the buffer spring sleeved on the output shaft absorbs the sudden change of the wire feeding tension; S2. Wire straightening: the wire enters the straightening mechanism, and is straightened bidirectionally by the first straightening wheel group and the second straightening wheel group arranged in cross; the straightening drive assembly drives the wire feeding wheel group to pull the wire, and the wire is conveyed to the forming mechanism through the guide wheel group; S3. Coiling forming and laser processing cooperation: the track drive assembly drives the support arm to swing around the hinge shaft, and the swing angle is constrained by the cooperation of the sliding block and the first arc-shaped guide groove; the second drive assembly drives the bearing plate to reciprocate along the support arm, and drives the bearing frame to swing through the cooperation of the rolling shaft and the second arc-shaped guide groove; the wire feeding mechanism pushes the wire, and the friction drives the coiling die to rotate; the limiting block presses the wire into the spiral groove for winding, the formed spiral wire is guided out through the slot-shaped forming channel, and the radial fine adjustment is performed on the spiral wire by the abutting block to control the spring parameters; the multi-axis mechanical arm drives the laser cutting head to move in the three-dimensional space, and the spring in the coiling process or after the coiling is completed is processed by laser; S4. Cutting the formed spring: after the spring is coiled to the preset length, the second crank rocker mechanism drives the first cutter to cut the connection between the spring and the wire; the first cylinder drives the bearing block and the third crank rocker mechanism to advance, the second cylinder drives the transverse fine adjustment and positioning of the bearing block, and the third crank rocker mechanism drives the second cutter to cut off the residual wire head at the tail end of the spring.

[0023] The production process flow is designed scientifically and rigorously, and is closely linked, fully giving play to the technical advantages of automatic equipment, and the whole process is seamlessly connected under the scheduling of the control unit, and the core value is to decompose the complex spring manufacturing process into controllable standardized steps, and through the mechatronic control technology, the precision and stable control of the spring shape, size and end quality are realized. The process not only can greatly improve the production efficiency and product consistency, reduce the dependence on the skill of the operator, but also has the strong ability to produce high-precision and special-shaped complex springs.

[0024] The wire feeding mechanism combines the dynamic adjustment of the rotating cylinder to adjust the wire angle, cooperates with the buffer spring to absorb the tension fluctuation, and ensures the stable wire feeding without impact; the bidirectional straightening mechanism effectively eliminates the internal stress of the wire and improves the material straightness. In the winding forming stage, a multi-degree-of-freedom linkage mechanism is adopted, the spiral winding process is accurately controlled through the limiting block pressing and the channel guiding, and laser processing is simultaneously performed, which significantly improves the geometric precision and consistency of the spring, and reduces the secondary clamping deformation. The cutting process realizes the precise separation and end processing of the formed spring through the coordinated action of the multi-step crank rocker and the cylinder, avoids the residual wire head at the tail end, and improves the product qualification rate. The overall process is closely connected, the production efficiency is high, and it is suitable for flexible manufacturing of various specifications of springs, greatly reduces the manual intervention, and guarantees the product quality stability and batch consistency.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are: through integrated design and precise control, the spring production whole process automation and high-precision machining are realized. The wire feeding mechanism can conveniently load the wire and has the functions of buffering and angle adjustment, ensuring smooth wire feeding. The straightening mechanism adopts the bidirectional cross straightening principle, and efficiently eliminates the three-dimensional bending stress of the wire. The forming mechanism can realize complex spatial trajectory motion and online radial fine adjustment through a unique trajectory control device and an execution component, accurately control the spring forming parameters; combined with an integrated multi-axis laser cutting mechanism, three-dimensional precise machining can be performed during the winding process or immediately after completion, which significantly improves the geometric precision and avoids secondary clamping deformation. The cutting mechanism adopts double-knife cooperation and two-stage feeding design to ensure that the cutting surface is smooth and free of defects. The overall process is seamlessly connected under the scheduling of the control unit, which greatly improves the production efficiency, product consistency and end quality, and has the strong ability to produce high-precision and special-shaped springs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the spring automatic production equipment and production process of the present application; Figure 2 It is a local structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure One ; Figure 3 It is a local structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure Two ; Figure 4 It is a local structure schematic diagram of the present applicationFigure Three ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the present application Figure Four ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting mechanism of the present application Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wire feeding mechanism of the present application Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the wire feeding mechanism of the present application Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of Figure 5 the present application Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism of the present application Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cutting head of the present application

[0027] The reference signs include: 1, wire feeding mechanism; 2, straightening mechanism; 3, forming mechanism; 4, cutting mechanism; 5, control unit; 6, rocker arm; 7, first driving assembly; 8, trajectory control device; 9, support arm; 10, rack; 11, track driving assembly; 12, bearing plate; 13, second driving assembly; 14, bearing frame; 15, forming execution assembly; 16, track disc; 17, annular transmission belt; 18, driver; 19, first arc-shaped guide groove; 20, rolling die; 21, sliding block; 22, second arc-shaped guide groove; 23, rolling shaft; 24, helical groove; 25, limiting block; 26, slot-shaped forming channel; 27, abutting block; 28, abutting driving assembly; 29, support frame; 31, first cutter; 32, second cutter; 33, third crank link mechanism; 34, third crank link mechanism; 35, bearing block; 36, first air cylinder; 37, second air cylinder; 38, support assembly; 39, disc body; 41, wire feeding driving assembly; 42, annular retaining edge; 43, guide rod; 44, guide portion; 45, strip-shaped hole; 46, strip-shaped groove body; 47, fixed block; 48, buffer spring; 49, shaft end pull cover; 51, bearing arm; 52, mounting plate; 53, wire rod; 54, wire guide; 55, wire guide hole; 56, rotary air cylinder; 57, speed regulation box; 58, first straightening wheel set; 59, second straightening wheel set; 61, wire feeding wheel set; 62, guide wheel set; 63, straightening driving assembly; 64, first straightening plate; 65, second straightening plate; 66, protruding structure; 67, ladder structure; 68, swing air cylinder; 69, swing arm; 71, multi-axis laser cutting mechanism; 72, multi-axis mechanical arm; 73, laser cutting head; 74, laser transmission assembly; 75, focusing adjustment assembly; 76, cutting nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects taken by the present application to achieve the predetermined invention purposes, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 11 As shown in the drawings, the spring automatic production equipment of the present application comprises a rack 10, a wire feeding mechanism 1 arranged on the rack 10 for feeding wire, a straightening mechanism 2 for straightening the wire fed by the wire feeding mechanism 1, a forming mechanism 3 for rolling the wire straightened by the straightening mechanism 2 into a spring, a cutting mechanism 4 for cutting the spring rolled by the forming mechanism 3, and a control unit 5 electrically connected with each mechanism; the forming mechanism 3 comprises a rotating rocker arm 6, a first driving assembly 7 for driving the rocker arm 6 to rotate, and a trajectory control device 8, a first crank rocker mechanism is arranged between the rocker arm 6 and the first driving assembly 7, a rotating rolling die 20 is arranged at the free end of the rocker arm 6, the trajectory control device 8 comprises a support arm 9 swingably arranged on the rack 10, a track driving assembly 11 for driving the support arm 9 to swing, a carrying plate 12 slidably arranged on the support arm 9 and capable of reciprocating along the length direction of the support arm 9, a second driving assembly 13 for driving the carrying plate 12 to reciprocate, a carrying frame 14 rotatably arranged on the carrying plate 12, and a forming execution assembly 15 arranged on the carrying frame 14, the moving carrying plate 12 drives the carrying frame 14 to swing reciprocally, and the forming execution assembly 15 is used for limiting and guiding the wire.

[0030] The control unit 5 as the core of the system coordinates the timing actions of each mechanism through PLC programming. The wire feeding mechanism 1 continuously feeds the coiled wire to the straightening mechanism 2, and the straightening mechanism 2 eliminates the stress of the wire and ensures the straightness through multiple straightening wheels. After the wire enters the forming mechanism 3, the first driving assembly 7 drives the rocker arm 6 to swing regularly through the first crank rocker mechanism, and the rolling die 20 at the end of the rocker arm 6 is passively rotated to form a winding core under the action of friction. In the trajectory control device 8, the track driving assembly 11 drives the support arm 9 to swing around the fixed hinge shaft, and the second driving assembly 13 drives the ball screw with a servo motor to accurately control the reciprocating sliding of the carrying plate 12 on the linear guide rail of the support arm 9.

[0031] When the carrying plate 12 moves, the rolling shaft 23 thereon cooperates with the second arc-shaped guide slot 22 of the carrying frame 14 to convert the linear motion into the accurate angular swing of the carrying frame 14 around the hinge point. The forming execution assembly 15 moves with the carrying frame 14 to realize the space trajectory control of the wire, thereby rolling various profiled springs. In the whole process, the wire feeding, winding and forming trajectory control are completely synchronized to ensure the spring ring shape precision.

[0032] Specifically, the track driving assembly 11 comprises a track disc 16 fixed on the frame 10, an annular transmission belt 17 arranged around the periphery of the track disc 16, and a driver 18 driving the transmission belt to move, and the track disc 16 is provided with a first arc-shaped guide groove 19; one end of the support arm 9 is rotationally connected with the track disc 16 through a hinge shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the transmission belt, and the support arm 9 is provided with a sliding block 21 slidingly matched with the first arc-shaped guide groove 19; the annular transmission belt 17 drives the support arm 9 to swing around the hinge shaft, and the swing angle of the support arm 9 is restricted through the matching of the sliding block 21 and the first arc-shaped guide groove 19.

[0033] The specific embodiment of the track driving assembly 11 is that the driver 18 adopts a servo motor to drive a driving pulley, and the power is transmitted through the annular transmission belt 17 (usually a synchronous belt). The track disc 16 is a fixed reference element, and the perpendicularity of the installation plane of the track disc 16 to the hinge shaft is ensured through precision machining. The support arm 9 is connected with the track disc 16 through a high-strength hinge shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the transmission belt through a special clamp. When the servo motor operates, the transmission belt is driven to move in a ring shape, thereby driving the support arm 9 to swing around the hinge shaft.

[0034] The key is that the sliding block 21 (usually made of copper alloy) mounted on the support arm 9 forms a sliding pair with the first arc-shaped guide groove 19 on the track disc 16, and the guide groove is precisely machined through CNC, and the curvature radius is accurately calculated. The movement track of the sliding block 21 in the guide groove strictly limits the swing angle range of the support arm 9, and ensures that the support arm 9 can only swing within the designed allowable radian. This mechanical hard limiting mode ensures the reliability and repeat positioning accuracy of the movement, and eliminates the cumulative error.

[0035] Specifically, the carrying frame 14 is provided with a second arc-shaped guide groove 22, and the carrying plate 12 is provided with a rolling shaft 23 rollingly matched with the second arc-shaped groove, and when the carrying plate 12 reciprocates, the linear motion of the carrying plate 12 is converted into the swing motion of the carrying frame 14 around the hinge point of the carrying frame 14 and the carrying plate 12 through the rolling of the rolling shaft 23 and the second arc-shaped guide groove 22.

[0036] The carrying plate 12 is driven by the second driving assembly 13 (servo motor + ball screw) to make a precise reciprocating motion on the linear guide rail of the support arm 9. The carrying plate 12 is provided with a precision rolling shaft 23 (usually made of quenched steel, and the surface is polished), which is embedded in the second arc-shaped guide groove 22 of the carrying frame 14. The second arc-shaped guide groove 22 is specially designed, and its curve equation is calculated according to the required motion law, and usually an Archimedes spiral or a sine curve is adopted.

[0037] When the carrier plate 12 moves linearly, the rolling shaft 23 rolls in the second arc-shaped guide groove 22, and the reaction force of the groove wall on the rolling shaft 23 pushes the carrier frame 14 to rotate around the hinge point with the carrier plate 12. The hinge point adopts a pre-tightened needle bearing to ensure flexible and gapless rotation. This mechanism for converting linear motion into angular swing has the characteristics of short transmission chain, high stiffness and fast response, and can realize different motion laws by modifying the guide groove curve to meet the forming needs of various complex springs.

[0038] Specifically, the peripheral surface of the coiling die 20 is provided with a spiral groove 24; the forming execution assembly 15 includes a limiting block 25, a slot-shaped forming channel 26, a reciprocating abutting block 27 and an abutting driving assembly 28 provided on the carrier frame 14; the limiting block 25 is used for pressing and pre-bending the wire in the spiral groove 24 of the coiling die 20; the slot-shaped forming channel 26 is used for receiving the pre-formed spiral wire; and the driving assembly is used for driving the abutting block 27 to abut the spiral wire passing through the slot-shaped forming channel 26, so as to perform radial fine adjustment on the formed spiral wire to control the forming parameters of the spring.

[0039] The precise spiral groove 24 on the surface of the coiling die 20 is used for guiding the initial winding of the wire, and the pitch thereof is designed according to the spring specification. The limiting block 25 is made of hard alloy material, and the wire is continuously pressed into the spiral groove 24 through an elastic pressing device to complete the pre-bending forming.

[0040] The formed spring ring enters the slot-shaped forming channel 26 (usually made of wear-resistant ceramic material), which preliminarily restricts the outer diameter of the spring. The key adjustment is performed by the abutting block 27: the abutting driving assembly 28 adopts a high-response micro servo cylinder or a piezoelectric ceramic driver 18 to drive the abutting block 27 to make a slight advancing and retreating movement. When the sensor detects the deviation of the spring outer diameter, the control unit 5 immediately instructs the abutting driving assembly 28 to act, so that the abutting block 27 applies a radial pushing force or a pulling force to the spring ring passing through the slot-shaped forming channel 26 to adjust the spring diameter in real time. For variable-diameter springs, the advancing and retreating amounts of the abutting block 27 at different positions can be controlled by programming to realize accurate diameter change control. This online dynamic adjustment mechanism effectively compensates for material springback and system errors.

[0041] Specifically, the cutting mechanism 4 comprises a support frame 29 arranged on the bearing frame 14, a first cutting knife 31 and a second cutting knife 32 arranged on the support frame 29 and rotating, a second crank rocker mechanism driving the first cutting knife 31 to rotate, a third crank rocker mechanism driving the second cutting knife 32 to rotate, and the first cutting knife 31 is arranged close to the forming assembly 15; the support frame 29 is further provided with a bearing block 35 reciprocating and a first cylinder 36 driving the bearing block 35 to reciprocate, the third crank rocker mechanism is arranged on the bearing block 35 and reciprocates, and the bearing block 35 is provided with a second cylinder 37 driving the third crank rocker mechanism to reciprocate; the reciprocating directions of the first cylinder 36 and the second cylinder 37 are arranged in cross.

[0042] The support frame 29 is the basis of the whole cutting mechanism 4 and is fixed on the bearing frame 14 by high-strength bolts. The first cutting knife 31 is driven by the second crank rocker mechanism and is responsible for the main cutting process. The crank is driven by a servo motor, and the knife seat is driven to swing regularly through a connecting rod. When the spring reaches the set length, the cutting knife quickly swings to complete the cutting. The second cutting knife 32 is installed on the third crank rocker mechanism and is used for trimming the end of the spring. The third crank rocker mechanism is integrally installed on the bearing block 35, and the bearing block 35 is driven by the first cylinder 36 to move in the Y direction along the guide rail to realize coarse positioning of the cutting knife.

[0043] The second cylinder 37 installed on the bearing block 35 drives the third crank rocker mechanism to move in the X direction to realize accurate positioning. The two cylinders act in sequence of Y first and then X: after the first cylinder 36 pushes the bearing block 35 to advance to the working position, the second cylinder 37 is adjusted again to ensure that the second cutting knife 32 is accurately aligned with the end of the spring. Finally, the third crank rocker mechanism acts to drive the second cutting knife 32 to complete the end trimming. This two-stage pushing mechanism ensures the cutting accuracy.

[0044] Specifically, the wire feeding mechanism 1 comprises a support assembly 38 movably connected with the rack 10, a disc body 39 rotatingly arranged on the support assembly 38, and a wire feeding driving assembly 41 driving the disc body 39 to rotate around its axis; an annular flange 42 is integrally formed on the periphery of the disc body 39, and the annular flange 42 and the end face of the disc body 39 form an annular cavity for accommodating the coiled wire; a plurality of guide rods 43 are arranged on the disc body 39 along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of guide rods 43 are arranged at intervals around the central axis of the disc body 39; the extension direction of the guide rod 43 is perpendicular to the plane where the disc body 39 is located, and the end of the guide rod 43 away from the disc body 39 is provided with a guide portion 44 inclined to the center of the disc body 39, for guiding the coiled wire to be put into the annular cavity in the axial direction of the disc body 39.

[0045] Support assembly 38 is connected with rack 10 through a rotary bearing, and can rotate as a whole to adapt to different incoming line angles. Disc body 39 is directly driven to rotate by line feeding drive assembly 41 (usually a servo motor with a brake). Annular retaining edge 42 forms a U-shaped accommodating cavity with disc body 39, and the depth of the cavity is designed according to the size of the wire coil. A plurality of guide rods 43 uniformly distributed in the circumference form a cage structure. Guide rods 43 are steel pipes subjected to surface hardening treatment, and guide portions 44 (usually in the form of a trumpet) are processed on the upper portions of the guide rods, facilitating the loading of the wire coil.

[0046] In operation, the whole wire coil is vertically lifted by hoisting equipment, and is easily placed into the space surrounded by guide rods 43 through the guidance of guide portions 44 and falls on disc body 39. When disc body 39 is driven to rotate by the servo motor, the wire is drawn out of the wire coil, and guide rods 43 effectively prevent the wire from being disordered and entangled. This vertical wire feeding mode saves space, and realizes wire feeding by using the weight of the wire, thereby reducing the traction force.

[0047] Specifically, a plurality of strip-shaped holes 45 extending in the radial direction of disc body 39 are formed in the bottom of disc body 39, and strip-shaped groove bodies 46 in communication with strip-shaped holes 45 are mounted. Fixed blocks 47 are slidably arranged in strip-shaped groove bodies 46, and one end of each guide rod 43 penetrates strip-shaped hole 45 and abuts against the groove bottom of strip-shaped groove body 46. A buffer spring 48 is sleeved on the output shaft of line feeding drive assembly 41, and is located in the center of disc body 39 surrounded by guide rods 43. A circular shaft end pull cover 49 is assembled on the free end of buffer spring 48.

[0048] Strip-shaped holes 45 and strip-shaped groove bodies 46 are formed by precise milling processing, and maintain strict radial positions. Fixed blocks 47 have a T-shaped structure, and can slide in strip-shaped groove bodies 46 but will not fall out. When adjusting the position of guide rod 43, the locking bolts of fixed blocks 47 are loosened first, and then fixed blocks 47 are moved along strip-shaped groove bodies 46 to the desired radial position and are locked again. In this way, the size of the cage formed by guide rods 43 can be changed, and wire coils with different inner diameters can be adapted. Buffer spring 48 is sleeved on the output shaft of line feeding drive assembly 41, and the two ends thereof are subjected to grinding treatment.

[0049] The spring pre-pressure is adjusted by the circular pull cover at the shaft end: the pull cover can change the compression amount of the spring, so as to adjust the buffering degree. When the line feeding tension suddenly changes (such as wire jamming), the resistance torque acting on disc body 39 increases, and the driving output shaft connected by a key generates a slight angular displacement relative to disc body 39, the compression buffer spring 48 absorbs the impact energy, and prevents the wire from being damaged. After the overload is removed, the spring releases energy to restore the balance of the system.

[0050] Specifically, the support assembly 38 includes a support arm 51 movably mounted on the frame 10 and a mounting plate 52 fixed to the support arm 51. The wire feeding drive assembly 41 and the disk 39 are both mounted on the mounting plate 52. The mounting plate 52 has a plurality of wire rods 53 arranged circumferentially along the disk 39. A wire guide 54 is detachably mounted on each wire rod 53. The wire guide 54 has a wire hole 55 for the wire to pass through. A rotary cylinder 56 is provided on one of the wire rods 53. The wire guide 54 corresponding to the wire rod 53 is fixed to the output shaft of the rotary cylinder 56. The rotary cylinder 56 drives the wire guide 54 to rotate around the axis of the wire rod 53 to adjust the wire guiding angle. A speed control box 57 is provided on the mounting plate 52. The speed control box 57 is electrically connected to the wire feeding drive assembly 41 and is used to steplessly adjust the output speed of the wire feeding drive assembly 41.

[0051] The support arm 51 is connected to the frame 10 via a hinge mechanism, and its pitch angle can be adjusted manually or electrically. The mounting plate 52 serves as the mounting base for the wire feeding mechanism 1 and has sufficient rigidity. Multiple wire rods 53 are circumferentially distributed on the mounting plate 52, with external threads machined at the ends of the wire rods 53. The wire guide 54 is fixed to the wire rod 53 by nuts. The wire guide 54 is made of wear-resistant ceramic material, and its wire hole 55 is polished to reduce friction. A rotary cylinder 56 (typically a 180° swing cylinder 68) mounted on one of the wire rods 53 has its output shaft fixedly connected to the wire guide 54.

[0052] When the wire exit angle needs to be adjusted, the rotary cylinder 56 actuates, driving the wire guide 54 to rotate to the predetermined angle along the axis of the winding rod 53, thus changing the wire exit direction. The speed control box 57 uses a frequency converter or servo driver 18, and the required speed can be set through the control panel to achieve stepless adjustment of the wire feeding speed. The wire feeding speed is synchronized with the forming speed and is controlled in a closed loop by the control unit 5 to ensure wire feeding accuracy.

[0053] Specifically, the automatic spring production equipment also includes a multi-axis laser cutting mechanism 71, which includes a multi-axis robotic arm 72 and a laser cutting head 73 disposed at the drive end of the multi-axis robotic arm 72. The multi-axis robotic arm 72 is used to drive the laser cutting head 73 to move in three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during or after the forming mechanism 3 is rolled. The multi-axis laser cutting mechanism 71 is disposed between the forming mechanism 3 and the cutting mechanism 4. The control unit 5 is electrically connected to the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism 71 and is used to coordinate the control of the rolling action of the forming mechanism 3, the movement trajectory of the multi-axis robotic arm 72, the laser emission state of the laser cutting head 73, and the cutting action of the cutting mechanism 4.

[0054] When the automatic spring production equipment is running, the multi-axis robotic arm 72 of the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism 71 can move flexibly along the X, Y, Z axes and rotation axis in three-dimensional space through its own multi-degree-of-freedom drive structure. The laser cutting head 73 at the end of its drive is precisely positioned according to the movement trajectory of the robotic arm. When the forming mechanism 3 starts the rolling action, the control unit 5 synchronously receives the rolling progress signal of the forming mechanism 3. If laser processing is required on the spring during the rolling process, the control unit 5 will adjust the motion parameters of the multi-axis robotic arm 72 in real time according to the rotation speed of the rocker arm 6 of the forming mechanism 3, the rotation speed of the rolling mold 20 and the wire pushing rate, so that the laser cutting head 73 maintains dynamic position matching with the spring in the rolling process. At the same time, the control unit controls the laser cutting head 73 to emit laser at a preset power and frequency to complete the cutting or fine adjustment of specific parts of the spring.

[0055] If the spring needs to be processed after it has been rolled, the control unit 5 will send a positioning signal to the multi-axis robotic arm 72 after the forming mechanism 3 stops rolling, driving it to move the laser cutting head 73 to the corresponding position of the spring to perform processing. Throughout the process, the control unit 5 continuously coordinates the rolling rhythm of the forming mechanism 3, the movement trajectory of the multi-axis robotic arm 72, and the laser emission state of the laser cutting head 73. After the laser processing is completed, it immediately sends a signal to the cutting mechanism 4 to drive the first cutter 31 and the second cutter 32 of the cutting mechanism 4 to move in sequence, so as to realize the continuous connection between spring processing and cutting.

[0056] An automated spring manufacturing process includes the following steps: S1. Wire feeding: Control unit 5 starts wire feeding mechanism 1, wire feeding drive assembly 41 drives disc 39 to rotate, feeding out the coiled wire contained in the annular cavity; the wire passes through the wire hole 55 of the wire guide 54, and the wire guide 54 is driven to rotate by rotary cylinder 56 to adjust the wire exit angle; speed control box 57 steplessly adjusts the speed of wire feeding drive assembly 41, and buffer spring 48 sleeved on output shaft absorbs sudden changes in wire feeding tension; S2. Wire straightening: The wire enters the straightening mechanism 2 and is straightened in both directions by passing through the first straightening wheel group 58 and the second straightening wheel group 59 arranged in a cross configuration; the straightening drive assembly 63 drives the wire feeding wheel group 61 to pull the wire and transports it to the forming mechanism 3 via the guide wheel group 62. S3. Coordination of Rolling and Laser Processing: The track drive assembly (11) drives the support arm (9) to swing around the hinge axis, and its swing angle is constrained by the cooperation of the sliding block (21) and the first arc-shaped guide groove (19); the second drive assembly (13) drives the bearing plate (12) to reciprocate along the support arm (9), and drives the bearing frame (14) to swing through the cooperation of the rolling shaft (23) and the second arc-shaped guide groove (22); the wire feeding mechanism (1) pushes the wire, and the friction drives the rolling mold (20) to rotate; the limiting block (25) presses the wire against the spiral groove (24) for winding, and the formed spiral wire is discharged through the grooved forming channel (26), and the abutment block (27) performs radial fine adjustment to control the spring parameters; the multi-axis robotic arm (72) drives the laser cutting head (73) to move in three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during or after the rolling process; S4. Cutting the formed spring: After the spring is wound to a preset length, the second crank rocker mechanism drives the first cutter 31 to cut the connection between the spring and the wire; the first cylinder 36 drives the bearing block 35 and the third crank rocker mechanism to move forward, the second cylinder 37 drives its lateral fine-tuning positioning, and the third crank rocker mechanism then drives the second cutter 32 to cut off the residual wire end of the spring.

[0057] The process coordinates the operation of various mechanisms through the control unit 5: In S1, the wire feeding drive assembly 41 drives the disc 39 to rotate and feed out the coiled wire, the wire hole 55 of the wire guide 54 guides the wire direction, the rotary cylinder 56 adjusts the wire exit angle to ensure accurate wire feeding direction, the speed control box 57 steplessly adjusts the wire feeding speed to adapt to subsequent processes, and the buffer spring 48 relieves and absorbs sudden changes in wire feeding tension to avoid wire damage; In S2, after the wire enters the straightening mechanism 2, the first straightening wheel group 58 and the second straightening wheel group 59, which are arranged in a cross configuration, squeeze the wire from different directions to achieve bidirectional straightening, the straightening drive assembly 63 drives the wire feeding wheel group 61 to pull the wire, and smoothly transports it to the forming mechanism 3 through the guide wheel group 62; In S3, the track drive assembly 11 drives the support arm 9 to swing around the hinge axis, the sliding block 21 cooperates with the first arc-shaped guide groove 19 to limit the swing angle, and the second drive assembly 13 drives the bearing plate 12 to move along the support arm 9.

[0058] The bearing frame 14 swings due to the action of the rolling shaft 23 and the second arc-shaped guide groove 22. The wire pushed by the wire feeding mechanism 1 is pressed into the spiral groove 24 by the limiting block 25 and wound into shape when the winding mold 20 rotates. The grooved forming channel 26 leads out the spiral wire. The abutment block 27 adjusts the radial fine-tuning control parameters. At the same time, the multi-axis robotic arm 72 drives the laser cutting head 73 to move in three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during or after winding. In S4, after the spring reaches the preset length, the second crank rocker mechanism drives the first cutter 31 to cut the connection between the spring and the wire. The first cylinder 36 pushes the bearing block 35 and the third crank rocker mechanism forward. The second cylinder 37 adjusts the positioning laterally. The third crank rocker mechanism drives the second cutter 32 to cut off the residual wire end, completing the spring production.

[0059] In this embodiment, the straightening mechanism 2 includes a first straightening wheel group 58, a second straightening wheel group 59, a wire feeding wheel group 61, a guide wheel group 62, and a straightening drive assembly 63 for driving the wire feeding wheel group 61 to rotate, which are rotatably arranged on the frame 10 along the wire feeding direction. The frame 10 is provided with a first straightening plate 64 for mounting the first straightening wheel group 58 and a second straightening plate 65 for mounting the second straightening wheel group 59. The plane where the first straightening plate 64 is located and the plane where the second straightening plate 65 is located are arranged intersectingly.

[0060] The first straightening plate 64 and the second straightening plate 65 are mounted on the frame 10 via a turntable structure, and their cross angle can be adjusted (typically 45°-90°). Each straightening roller group contains 5-7 straightening rollers, the surfaces of which are hardened and polished. The wire first passes through the first straightening roller group 58 for straightening in one plane; then it enters the second straightening roller group 59. Due to the cross arrangement of the two straightening plates, the second straightening roller group 59 straightens the wire in another plane, thus achieving a three-dimensional, all-around straightening effect.

[0061] The wire feeding wheel assembly 61 consists of two rows of drive wheels, driven by the straightening drive assembly 63 (usually a servo motor), actively pulling the wire forward. The guide wheel assembly 62 consists of multiple guide wheels, ensuring the wire enters the forming mechanism 3 in the correct posture. The clamping force of each straightening wheel is adjusted by a precision spring, ensuring sufficient straightening force without damaging the wire surface. Throughout the straightening process, the wire undergoes repeated bending, fully eliminating internal stress.

[0062] In this embodiment, the laser cutting head 73 includes a laser transmission component 74, a focusing adjustment component 75, and a cutting nozzle 76 connected in sequence; the laser transmission component 74 is used to transmit the laser beam generated by the laser generator; the focusing adjustment component 75 includes a focusing lens that can move along the laser transmission direction and a focusing drive component that drives the focusing lens to move, so as to adjust the focusing position of the laser beam; the cutting nozzle 76 has a conical structure, and its interior has a central channel for the focused laser beam to pass through, and the end of the cutting nozzle 76 has an annular gas groove for ejecting auxiliary gas.

[0063] The working process of the laser cutting head 73 is completed collaboratively by various components: the laser beam generated by the laser generator first enters the laser transmission component 74, which stably transmits the laser energy to the focusing adjustment component 75 through an internal optical transmission structure (such as an optical fiber or a mirror assembly); the focusing drive component (such as a precision lead screw motor) in the focusing adjustment component 75 drives the focusing lens to move precisely along the laser transmission direction according to the spring processing requirements, and adjusts the focusing position of the laser beam by changing the distance between the lens and the workpiece, ensuring that the diameter and energy density of the focused laser spot are adapted to the cutting or fine-tuning requirements of the spring wire; the focused laser beam then enters the conical cutting nozzle 76, and is directly projected onto the surface of the spring to be processed through its internal central channel, using high-energy laser to instantly melt or vaporize the local material of the spring; simultaneously, the cutting nozzle 76... The annular gas groove at the end sprays auxiliary gas (such as nitrogen or oxygen) through an external gas source. The gas is evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the central channel. On the one hand, it blows away the slag and smoke generated during cutting, preventing them from adhering to the surface of the spring or the cutting nozzle. On the other hand, the gas flow field protects the focusing lens from damage by spatter. If active gas is used, it can also assist combustion and improve cutting efficiency, ultimately achieving high-precision laser processing of the spring.

[0064] In this embodiment, the groove-shaped forming channel 26 opens to the side facing the first cutter 31, the support frame 29 is provided with a trapezoidal protrusion structure 66, the abutment block 27 is used to abut the end face of the spiral wire and is arc-shaped, the blade of the first cutter 31 is a trapezoidal structure 67, the first cutter 31 moves to the opening of the groove-shaped forming channel 26 under the drive of the second crank rocker mechanism, and the trapezoidal protrusion structure 66 and the abutment block 27 together serve as the working table for the first cutter 31 to cut.

[0065] The opening side of the grooved channel 26 faces the movement trajectory of the first cutter 31, facilitating the entry of the cutter. The trapezoidal protrusion on the support frame 29 is made of tool steel and hardened; its bevel matches the outer diameter of the spring, and the top platform provides a shearing support surface. The arc-shaped end face of the abutment block 27 matches the inner diameter of the spring, gripping the spring during shearing. The trapezoidal cutting edge of the first cutter 31 is precision ground, possessing a sharp cutting edge and an appropriate wedge angle.

[0066] During shearing, the second crank-rocker mechanism drives the first cutter 31 in an arc motion. When the cutter reaches the opening of the grooved forming channel 26, the spring is pressed between the trapezoidal protrusion and the abutment block 27 to form a stable support. The trapezoidal cutting edge of the cutter first wedges into the wire. As it continues to move, the inclined surface of the cutting edge generates a radial component force, causing the wire to undergo shear deformation until it is cut. This design reduces the shearing impact force, improves the cut quality, and extends the tool life.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second crank rocker mechanism and the third crank rocker mechanism have the same structure. Both include a swing cylinder 68 and a swing arm 69 that are hinged to the support frame 29. The output shaft of the swing cylinder 68 is hinged to a transmission arm, and the transmission arm is hinged to the swing arm 69. The cutter is hinged to the swing arm 69.

[0068] The cylinder body of the swing cylinder 68 is hinged to the support frame 29 via a pin, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission arm to form a crank. The other end of the transmission arm is hinged to the middle of the swing arm 69 via a needle roller bearing to form a connecting rod. One end of the swing arm 69 is hinged to the support frame 29 via a slewing bearing to form a rocker arm, and the other end is fitted with a cutter. When the swing cylinder 68 is working, the output shaft drives the transmission arm to rotate, which in turn pushes the swing arm 69 to swing around its fulcrum, thereby driving the cutter to make an arc motion.

[0069] This mechanism amplifies the limited rotation angle of the oscillating cylinder 68 to the working stroke of the cutter, and generates a force-amplifying effect through the dead-point characteristics of the mechanism, ensuring sufficient shearing force at the moment of cutting. Due to the identical mechanism design, the two cutting mechanisms 4 are interchangeable, simplifying spare parts management and maintenance. The oscillating cylinder 68 uses a servo cylinder with position feedback, enabling precise angle control.

[0070] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The core is to coordinate the operation of multiple mechanisms through the control unit 5, and realize the fully automatic high-precision manufacturing of springs through "precision mechanical transmission + seamless connection of multiple processes". After the equipment is started, the wire feeding mechanism 1 operates first: the disc 39 on the support component 38 rotates under the drive of the wire feeding drive component 41, and feeds out the coiled wire in the annular cavity. The circumferentially arranged guide rods 43 prevent the wire from becoming disordered, and the guide part 44 assists in the convenient feeding of the wire coil. When the wire passes through the wire hole 55 of the wire guide 54, the rotary cylinder 56 can drive the wire guide 54 to rotate and adjust the wire exit angle. The speed control box 57 steplessly adjusts the wire feeding speed to adapt to the subsequent processes. The buffer spring 48 on the output shaft absorbs the sudden change in wire feeding tension, avoids wire damage, and ensures stable wire feeding.

[0071] After the wire enters the straightening mechanism 2, it passes sequentially along the wire feeding direction through the first straightening wheel group 58 and the second straightening wheel group 59, which are arranged in a cross pattern. The first straightening plate 64 and the second straightening plate 65 are at an angle of 45°-90°. The two sets of straightening wheels squeeze the wire on different planes, and the internal stress of the wire is eliminated by repeated bending, thereby achieving bidirectional three-dimensional straightening. Then, the straightening drive assembly 63 drives the wire feeding wheel group 61 to pull the wire, which is guided by the guide wheel group 62 and transported to the forming mechanism 3 with a precise posture.

[0072] The forming mechanism 3 is the core processing link, which adopts a dual drive of "main rotation + trajectory control": the first drive component 7 drives the rocker arm 6 to swing regularly through the first crank rocker mechanism. The winding mold 20 at the free end of the rocker arm 6 is passively rotated under the action of wire friction, and the spiral groove 24 on its circumference provides a reference for wire winding. At the same time, the trajectory control device 8 operates, and the driver 18 (servo motor) of the track drive component 11 drives the ring transmission belt 17 to move, which pulls the support arm 9 to swing around the hinge axis with the track disk 16. The sliding block 21 on the support arm 9 slides in the first arc-shaped guide groove 19 of the track disk 16, strictly constraining the swing angle.

[0073] The second drive assembly 13 (servo motor + ball screw) drives the bearing plate 12 to reciprocate along the linear guide rail of the support arm 9. The rolling shaft 23 on the bearing plate 12 is embedded in the second arc-shaped guide groove 22 of the bearing frame 14 (the curve is designed according to the motion law), which converts the linear motion into the precise swing of the bearing frame 14 around the hinge point. The forming execution assembly 15 on the bearing frame 14 moves synchronously. The limiting block 25 presses the wire into the spiral groove 24 of the winding mold 20 for pre-bending. The formed spiral wire is discharged through the grooved forming channel 26 and abuts the drive assembly 28 to drive the abutment block 27 (the arc end face is adapted to the inner diameter of the spring) to make radial micro-adjustments to the wire, compensate for material rebound and system error in real time, and accurately control the spring parameters.

[0074] If laser processing is required, the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism 71 located between the forming mechanism 3 and the cutting mechanism 4 will work in concert: the control unit 5 receives the rolling progress signal from the forming mechanism 3 and synchronously adjusts the motion parameters (X / Y / Z axes and rotation axis) of the multi-axis robotic arm 72 so that it drives the laser cutting head 73 to maintain a positional match with the spring during or after rolling; the laser transmission component 74 of the laser cutting head 73 stably transmits the laser beam from the laser generator to the focusing adjustment component 75, and the focusing drive (precision lead screw motor) drives the focusing lens to move and adjust the focusing position. The focused laser beam acts on the spring through the central channel of the cutting nozzle 76, while the annular gas groove at the end of the nozzle sprays out auxiliary gas (nitrogen / oxygen) to blow away the slag and protect the lens, thus completing high-precision laser processing; finally, the cutting mechanism 4 completes the cutting.

[0075] When the spring is wound to the preset length, the second crank rocker mechanism (the swing cylinder 68 drives the transmission arm and the swing arm 69 in linkage) drives the first cutter 31 (trapezoidal cutting edge) to move to the opening of the grooved forming channel 26. At this time, the trapezoidal protrusion structure 66 of the support frame 29 and the abutment block 27 together form a shearing worktable. The first cutter 31 cuts off the connection between the spring and the wire. Then the first cylinder 36 drives the bearing block 35 and the third crank rocker mechanism to move forward. The second cylinder 37 drives its lateral fine-tuning positioning. The third crank rocker mechanism then drives the second cutter 32 to cut off the residual wire at the end of the spring, completing the entire spring production process.

[0076] Throughout the process, the control unit 5 uses PLC programming to achieve closed-loop control of the timing and parameters of each mechanism. Combined with real-time feedback data from sensors, it effectively compensates for mechanical errors and material property fluctuations. It supports efficient production of traditional springs and can also adapt to the manufacturing of irregular springs such as variable diameter and variable pitch by adjusting trajectory control parameters and laser processing modes, thus achieving flexible and high-precision production.

[0077] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic spring production equipment, characterized in that: The system includes a frame (10), a wire feeding mechanism (1) mounted on the frame (10) for feeding wire, a straightening mechanism (2) for straightening the wire fed by the wire feeding mechanism (1), a forming mechanism (3) for winding the wire straightened by the straightening mechanism (2) into a spring, a cutting mechanism (4) for cutting the spring wound by the forming mechanism (3), and a control unit (5). The control unit (5) is electrically connected to each mechanism. The forming mechanism (3) includes a rotating rocker arm (6), a first drive assembly (7) for driving the rocker arm (6) to rotate, and a trajectory control device (8). A first crank-rocker mechanism is provided between the rocker arm (6) and the first drive assembly (7). The free end is provided with a rotating rolling die (20). The trajectory control device (8) includes a support arm (9) that can swing on a fixed axis on the frame (10), a track drive assembly (11) that drives the support arm (9) to swing, a bearing plate (12) that is slidably disposed on the support arm (9) and can reciprocate along the length direction of the support arm (9), a second drive assembly (13) that drives the bearing plate (12) to reciprocate, a bearing frame (14) that is rotatably disposed on the bearing plate (12), and a forming execution assembly (15) disposed on the bearing frame (14). The moving bearing plate (12) drives the bearing frame (14) to swing back and forth. The forming execution assembly (15) is used to limit and guide the wire.

2. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track drive assembly (11) includes a track disk (16) fixed on the frame (10), an annular transmission belt (17) arranged around the periphery of the track disk (16), and a driver (18) for driving the transmission belt. The track disk (16) is provided with a first arc-shaped guide groove (19). One end of the support arm (9) is rotatably connected to the track disk (16) through a hinge shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transmission belt. The support arm (9) is provided with a sliding block (21) that slides in cooperation with the first arc-shaped guide groove (19). The annular transmission belt (17) drives the support arm (9) to swing around the hinge shaft, and the swing angle of the support arm (9) is constrained by the cooperation between the sliding block (21) and the first arc-shaped guide groove (19).

3. An automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support frame (14) is provided with a second arc-shaped guide groove (22), and the support plate (12) is provided with a rolling shaft (23) that rolls with the second arc-shaped groove. When the support plate (12) reciprocates, the linear motion of the support plate (12) is converted into the swing motion of the support frame (14) around the hinge point where the support frame (14) and the support plate (12) are hinged through the rolling cooperation between the rolling shaft (23) and the second arc-shaped guide groove (22).

4. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the winding die (20) is provided with a spiral groove (24); the forming execution component (15) includes a limiting block (25) disposed on the support frame (14), a grooved forming channel (26), a reciprocating abutment block (27), and an abutment drive component (28) for driving the abutment block (27) to reciprocate; the limiting block (25) is used to press and pre-bend the wire into the spiral groove (24) of the winding die (20); the grooved forming channel (26) is used to receive the pre-formed spiral wire; the drive component is used to drive the abutment block (27) to abut the spiral wire passing through the grooved forming channel (26) to make radial fine adjustments to the formed spiral wire and control the forming parameters of the spring.

5. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (4) includes a support frame (29) mounted on a support frame (14), a first cutter (31) and a second cutter (32) mounted on the support frame (29) and rotating thereon, a second crank rocker mechanism for driving the first cutter (31) to rotate, and a third crank rocker mechanism for driving the second cutter (32) to rotate. The first cutter (31) is located close to the forming execution component (15). The support frame (29) is also provided with a support block (35) and a first cylinder (36) for driving the support block (35) to reciprocate. The third crank rocker mechanism is reciprocated on the support block (35). The support block (35) is provided with a second cylinder (37) for driving the third crank rocker mechanism to reciprocate. The reciprocating direction of the first cylinder (36) and the reciprocating direction of the second cylinder (37) are intersected.

6. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire feeding mechanism (1) includes a support assembly (38) movably connected to the frame (10), a disc (39) rotatably mounted on the support assembly (38), and a wire feeding drive assembly (41) that drives the disc (39) to rotate around its own axis. The disc (39) has an integrally formed annular flange (42) around its periphery, which forms an annular cavity for accommodating the coiled wire with the end face of the disc (39). Multiple guide rods (43) are arranged circumferentially on the disc (39), and the multiple guide rods (43) are spaced around the central axis of the disc (39). The extension direction of the guide rods (43) is perpendicular to the plane of the disc (39), and the end of the guide rod (43) away from the disc (39) is provided with a guide portion (44) inclined towards the center of the disc (39) for guiding the coiled wire into the annular cavity along the axial direction of the disc (39).

7. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the disc (39) is provided with a plurality of strip holes (45) extending radially along the disc (39) and a strip groove (46) corresponding to and communicating with the strip holes (45). A fixing block (47) is slidably provided in the strip groove (46). One end of the guide rod (43) passes through the strip hole (45) and abuts against the bottom of the groove of the fixing block (47) and the strip groove (46). A buffer spring (48) is sleeved on the output shaft of the wire feeding drive assembly (41). The buffer spring (48) is located in the center of the disc (39) surrounded by a plurality of guide rods (43). The free end of the buffer spring (48) is fitted with a circular shaft end cap (49).

8. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support assembly (38) includes a support arm (51) movably mounted on the frame (10) and a mounting plate (52) fixed to the support arm (51). The wire feeding drive assembly (41) and the disk body (39) are both mounted on the mounting plate (52). The mounting plate (52) has multiple wire rods (53) arranged circumferentially along the disk body (39). Wire guides (54) are detachably mounted on the wire rods (53). The wire guides (54) have wire holes (55) for wires to pass through. A rotary cylinder (56) is provided on one of the wire rods (53). The wire guide (54) corresponding to the wire rod (53) is fixed to the output shaft of the rotary cylinder (56). The rotary cylinder (56) drives the wire guide (54) to rotate around the axis of the wire rod (53) to adjust the wire guide angle. A speed control box (57) is provided on the mounting plate (52). The speed control box (57) is electrically connected to the wire feeding drive assembly (41) and is used to steplessly adjust the output speed of the wire feeding drive assembly (41).

9. The automatic spring production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic spring production equipment also includes a multi-axis laser cutting mechanism (71), which includes a multi-axis robotic arm (72) and a laser cutting head (73) located at the drive end of the multi-axis robotic arm (72). The multi-axis robotic arm (72) is used to drive the laser cutting head (73) to move in three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during or after the forming mechanism (3) is rolled. The multi-axis laser cutting mechanism (71) is located between the forming mechanism (3) and the cutting mechanism (4). The control unit (5) is electrically connected to the multi-axis laser cutting mechanism (71) and is used to coordinate the control of the rolling action of the forming mechanism (3), the movement trajectory of the multi-axis robotic arm (72), the laser emission state of the laser cutting head (73), and the cutting action of the cutting mechanism (4).

10. An automated spring production process, characterized in that, Includes the automatic spring production equipment according to any one of claims 1-9 and the following steps: S1. Wire feeding: The control unit (5) starts the wire feeding mechanism (1), the wire feeding drive assembly (41) drives the disc (39) to rotate, and feeds out the coiled wire contained in the annular cavity; the wire passes through the wire hole (55) of the wire guide (54), and the wire guide (54) is driven to rotate by the rotary cylinder (56) to adjust the wire exit angle; the speed control box (57) steplessly adjusts the speed of the wire feeding drive assembly (41), and the buffer spring (48) sleeved on the output shaft absorbs the sudden change in wire feeding tension; S2. Wire straightening: The wire enters the straightening mechanism (2) and is straightened in both directions by passing through the first straightening wheel group (58) and the second straightening wheel group (59) arranged in a cross configuration; the straightening drive assembly (63) drives the wire feeding wheel group (61) to pull the wire and transports it to the forming mechanism (3) through the guide wheel group (62). S3. Coordination of Rolling and Laser Processing: The track drive assembly (11) drives the support arm (9) to swing around the hinge axis, and its swing angle is constrained by the cooperation of the sliding block (21) and the first arc-shaped guide groove (19); the second drive assembly (13) drives the bearing plate (12) to reciprocate along the support arm (9), and drives the bearing frame (14) to swing through the cooperation of the rolling shaft (23) and the second arc-shaped guide groove (22); the wire feeding mechanism (1) pushes the wire, and the friction drives the rolling mold (20) to rotate; the limiting block (25) presses the wire against the spiral groove (24) for winding, and the formed spiral wire is discharged through the grooved forming channel (26), and the abutment block (27) performs radial fine adjustment to control the spring parameters; the multi-axis robotic arm (72) drives the laser cutting head (73) to move in three-dimensional space to perform laser processing on the spring during or after the rolling process; S4. Cutting the formed spring: After the spring is rolled to the preset length, the second crank rocker mechanism drives the first cutter (31) to cut the connection between the spring and the wire; the first cylinder (36) drives the bearing block (35) and the third crank rocker mechanism to move forward, the second cylinder (37) drives its lateral fine adjustment positioning, and the third crank rocker mechanism then drives the second cutter (32) to cut off the residual wire end of the spring.

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