A laser cutting machine and cutting method based on automobile brake steel back

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of laser cutting of steel material, and discloses a laser cutting machine and a cutting method based on automobile brake steel back, which comprises a base and a laser head, wherein the base is provided with a negative pressure seat, the top of the negative pressure seat is provided with a plurality of negative pressure holes, the contour shape of the negative pressure seat matches that of the steel back, the bottom of the negative pressure hole is connected with a negative pressure pump, the negative pressure pump generates negative pressure for the negative pressure hole to adsorb the steel back, a row of discharge grooves are arranged around the negative pressure seat, a scraping block is arranged in the discharge groove, the outer wall of the scraping block is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge groove, and a lifting structure is connected between the bottom of the scraping block and the bottom of the inner wall of the discharge groove. The present application matches the contour of the steel back to ensure firm fixation of the workpiece and avoid displacement during cutting, thereby improving machining precision. The negative pressure pump generates negative pressure to evenly cover the surface of the workpiece with adsorption force, and is suitable for precision cutting of irregularly shaped steel back.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel laser cutting technology, and in particular to a laser cutting machine and cutting method based on automotive brake steel backing. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting machines based on automotive brake pad steel backing are highly efficient devices specifically designed for the precision machining of steel backing components in automotive brake systems. Their core technology involves non-contact cutting of steel backing materials (such as Q235) using a high-energy laser beam. This offers advantages such as high precision (tolerance ≤0.2mm), burr-free operation, and minimal deformation, significantly outperforming traditional stamping processes. These machines typically integrate protective components (such as retractable extension frames and magnetic plates) to isolate operators from the laser working area, enhancing safety. They are also equipped with automated conveyor systems for rapid material feeding, reducing the risk of manual intervention. In automotive manufacturing, this technology is widely used in the forming and processing of brake pad steel backings, supporting the demand for lightweight, high-strength products and adapting to customized production, thus promoting the standardization and intelligent manufacturing of brake system components.

[0003] For example, the laser cutting machine for steel plates disclosed in prior art publication number CN205414724U includes a frame, a sliding frame that slides along the length of the frame, a cutting head for cutting steel plates on the sliding frame, and a support frame that slides along the width of the frame. Multiple support plates for supporting the steel plates are arranged on the frame below the sliding frame, and a lifting device is provided on the frame between the support plates to lift the steel plates and move them away from the frame. This laser cutting machine for steel plates can significantly reduce the magnetic force exerted on the frame when lifting steel plates.

[0004] The problem with the existing technology is that after the steel plate is cut, there is no automatic discharge structure for the remaining scrap material on the back of the steel plate. Also, after laser cutting, some molten slag will remain around the part, and some of this molten slag will adhere to the part. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively treat the scrap material and molten slag after the steel plate is cut. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] This invention provides a laser cutting machine and method based on automotive brake steel backing, which solves the problem of inconvenient slag and waste material processing in existing technologies. The specific solution is as follows:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a laser cutting machine based on the steel backing of automobile brakes, including a base, a two-axis motion assembly and a laser head arranged on the top of the base, a negative pressure seat arranged on the base, a number of negative pressure holes opened on the top of the negative pressure seat, the outline shape of the negative pressure seat matching the outline shape of the steel backing, and a negative pressure pump connected to the bottom of the negative pressure holes. The negative pressure pump generates negative pressure in the negative pressure holes to adsorb the steel backing.

[0008] A discharge trough is provided around the negative pressure seat. A scraper block is installed inside the discharge trough. The outer wall of the scraper block is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge trough. A lifting structure is connected between the bottom of the scraper block and the bottom of the inner wall of the discharge trough. The lifting structure drives the scraper block to move up and down to scrape off the molten slag.

[0009] Preferably, the negative pressure seat is provided with two movable combination blocks. The bottom of the combination blocks is connected to the negative pressure seat through a telescopic component. The telescopic component is used to move the combination blocks closer to or further away from the center of the steel back so as to offset the steel backs of different holes.

[0010] Preferably, a negative pressure cavity is formed in the bottom wall of the negative pressure seat, and the top of the negative pressure cavity is connected to the interior of the negative pressure seat through a connecting cavity. When the assembly block moves, the bottom of the assembly block covers the connecting cavity, so that the connecting cavity can always be connected to the negative pressure hole on the assembly block when the assembly block moves. The negative pressure seat is connected to the opening in the middle of the base through the connecting arms at its front and rear ends.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base. The bottom of the discharge box is provided with a first discharge port, and a second discharge port is provided on the side. The first discharge port is used to discharge molten slag, and the second discharge port is used to discharge residual material.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting structure includes a first telescopic rod, the bottom of which is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box, and a transmission roller is fixedly connected to the top of the first telescopic rod. A drive belt is wound on the transmission roller, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box, and the other end of which is fixed to the outer wall of the slider.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the scraper block is connected to a slider, the inner wall of the discharge box is provided with a groove, the slider is slidably connected to the groove, the side wall of the groove is also provided with a slot, the side of the slider near the slot is fixedly connected to a post, the post is slidably connected to the slot, the bottom of the slider is provided with an inclined surface, the bottom of the groove and the bottom of the slot are provided with an extension structure, when the slider slides to the bottom of the groove, the slider rotates along one side until the inclined surface coincides with the bottom wall of the groove, so that the scraper block is in an inclined state.

[0014] Preferably, the middle of the chute and the groove is provided with a bent area at one end. Through the bent area, the scraper block is slightly tilted to one side to generate vibration as the slider slides down.

[0015] Preferably, a baffle is provided inside the discharge box, the inclination angle of the baffle matches the inclination angle of the inclined scraper block, the baffle is connected to the inner wall of the discharge box by a second telescopic rod, and a baffle is also provided outside the second discharge port.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a laser cutting method based on automotive brake steel backing, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Place the steel-backed workpiece inside the top frame of the negative pressure seat;

[0018] S2. Start the negative pressure pump to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure hole, which will adsorb and fix the steel back workpiece on the negative pressure seat;

[0019] S3. Control the two-axis motion assembly to drive the laser head to move and perform laser cutting on the steel back workpiece that is adsorbed and fixed. The molten slag generated during the cutting process falls into the discharge groove around the negative pressure seat.

[0020] S4. After the steel back workpiece is cut, control the lifting structure to drive the scraper block to move upward along the inner wall of the discharge groove to scrape off the slag accumulated in the discharge groove.

[0021] S5. Control the lifting structure to move the scraper block downwards to reset.

[0022] Preferably, after the steel backing is processed, the remaining material is cut in half from the middle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Improve adsorption stability and cutting accuracy: This invention ensures that the workpiece is firmly fixed by matching the steel back contour, avoiding displacement during the cutting process, thereby improving processing accuracy. The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure pump evenly covers the surface of the workpiece with adsorption force, which is suitable for precision cutting of irregularly shaped steel backs.

[0025] 2. Enhance equipment versatility and flexibility: The invention features a movable modular design that can automatically adapt to steel backings with different hole sizes. The position can be adjusted via a telescopic rod, expanding the equipment's applicability and thus improving production line efficiency to meet diverse workpiece processing needs.

[0026] 3. Achieve efficient slag removal: Through the design of scraper blocks and discharge troughs, the slag generated by laser cutting is automatically removed under the drive of the lifting structure, keeping the working area clean, preventing slag accumulation from interfering with the subsequent cutting quality, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0027] 4. Automatic separation of slag and residue: The slider and chute mechanism achieve automatic separation of slag and residue during operation. The slag is discharged into the first discharge port through a shaking action, while the heavier residue is retained on the scraper block. This avoids mixing, improves material recycling efficiency, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent classification.

[0028] 5. Optimized automatic material discharge process: Through the tilting and rotation of the scraper block and the cooperation of the baffle, the residual material automatically slides out of the second discharge port. The entire process is driven by the lifting structure and control system, reducing manual intervention, ensuring smooth and efficient material discharge, and preventing residual material from falling in the middle, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the entire invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the negative pressure seat of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the assembly block of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the negative pressure seat of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the discharge trough of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the negative pressure seat and scraper block of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the discharge box of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10This is a perspective view of the scraper block and the chute of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a hidden line drawing of the scraper block and the chute of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the state changes of the scraper block of the present invention.

[0043] The accompanying figure is labeled as follows:

[0044] 1. Base; 2. Two-axis motion assembly; 3. Laser head; 4. Negative pressure seat; 5. Negative pressure hole; 6. Negative pressure pump; 7. Assembly block; 8. Telescopic component; 9. Steel back; 10. Negative pressure chamber; 11. Connecting chamber; 12. Connecting arm; 13. Discharge chute; 14. Scraper block; 15. Groove; 16. Discharge box; 17. Residual material; 18. First discharge port; 19. Second discharge port; 20. Slider; 21. Slide groove; 22. Embedded groove; 23. Embedded column; 24. Inclined surface; 25. First telescopic rod; 26. Transmission roller; 27. Drive belt; 28. Baffle; 29. ​​Second telescopic rod; 30. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the present invention and, together with the embodiments of the present invention, serve to illustrate the principles of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cutting machine based on the steel backing of an automotive brake, including a base 1. A two-axis motion assembly 2 and a laser head 3 are arranged on the top of the base 1. A negative pressure seat 4 is also arranged on the base 1. Several negative pressure holes 5 are opened on the top of the negative pressure seat 4. The outline shape of the negative pressure seat 4 matches the outline shape of the steel backing 95. A negative pressure pump 6 is connected to the bottom of the negative pressure holes 5. The negative pressure pump 6 generates negative pressure in the negative pressure holes 5 to adsorb the steel backing 95.

[0047] As one possible implementation, to improve adaptability, such as Figure 4 Figure 5 As shown, the negative pressure seat 4 is provided with two movable combination blocks 7. The negative pressure hole 5 is opened on the combination block 7. The bottom of the combination block 7 is connected to the negative pressure seat 4 through the telescopic member 8. The telescopic member 8 is used to drive the combination block 7 to move closer to or away from the middle of the steel back 9 so as to offset the steel back 9 with different hole positions.

[0048] like Figure 6As shown, a negative pressure cavity 10 is provided in the bottom wall of the negative pressure seat 4. The top of the negative pressure cavity 10 is connected to the interior of the negative pressure seat 4 through a connecting cavity 11. When the assembly block 7 moves, the bottom of the assembly block 7 covers the connecting cavity 11, so that the connecting cavity 11 can always be connected to the negative pressure hole 5 on the assembly block 7 when the assembly block 7 moves. The negative pressure seat 4 is connected to the opening in the middle of the base 1 through the connecting arms 12 at its front and rear ends.

[0049] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, a discharge trough 13 is formed between the periphery of the negative pressure seat 4 and the opening of the base 1. A scraper block 14 is provided inside the discharge trough 13. The outer wall of the scraper block 14 is in contact with the inner wall of the discharge trough 13. A lifting structure is connected between the bottom of the scraper block 14 and the bottom of the inner wall of the discharge trough 13. The lifting structure drives the scraper block 14 to move up and down to scrape off the excess slag generated by laser cutting. Grooves 15 matching the connecting arm 12 are opened at the front and rear ends of the top of the scraper block 14. After the steel back 95 is cut, the front and rear ends of the remaining material 17 are cut to divide the remaining material into left and right halves, which facilitates the subsequent discharge process.

[0050] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, a discharge box 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 1. The bottom of the discharge box 16 is provided with a first discharge port 18 and a second discharge port 19 is provided on the side. The first discharge port 18 is used to discharge molten slag and the second discharge port 19 is used to discharge residual material 17.

[0051] Continue reading Figure 10 , Figure 11 The bottom of the scraper block 14 is connected to a slider 20. The inner wall of the discharge box 16 is provided with a groove 21. The slider 20 is slidably connected to the groove 21. The side wall of the groove 21 is also provided with a groove 22. The side of the slider 20 near the groove 22 is fixedly connected to a post 23. The post 23 is slidably connected to the groove 22. The bottom of the slider 20 is provided with an inclined surface 24. The bottom of the groove 21 and the bottom of the groove 22 are both provided with an extension structure that allows the slider 20 to rotate. So when the slider 20 slides to the bottom of the groove 21, under the action of gravity, the slider 20 rotates along one side until the inclined surface 24 coincides with the bottom wall of the groove 21. At this time, the scraper block 14 is in an inclined state, and the residual material 17 on the scraper block 14 corresponds to the position of the second discharge port 19, so that the residual material 17 can slide out to achieve the purpose of material discharge.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, a bent area is provided in the middle of the chute 21 and the groove 22. Through this bent area, when the slider 20 slides downward, the scraper block 14 can be slightly tilted to one side to shake off the slag. However, since the weight of the residue 17 is large, it still stays on the scraper block 14, thereby achieving the effect of separating the slag from the residue, which is convenient for subsequent utilization of the residue.

[0053] like Figure 10 As shown, the lifting structure in the above scheme includes a first telescopic rod 25. The bottom of the first telescopic rod 25 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box 16. A transmission roller 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the first telescopic rod 25. A drive belt 27 is wound on the transmission roller 26. One end of the drive belt 27 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box 16, and the other end of the drive belt 27 is fixed to the outer wall of the slider 20.

[0054] With the above scheme, when the first telescopic rod 25 descends, the slider 20 also descends with the drive belt 27, and due to the transmission action of the drive belt 27 through the transmission roller 26, the descending height is greater than the retraction distance of the first telescopic rod 25.

[0055] The specific movement process of the scraper block 14 in the above scheme is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0056] As one possible implementation, such as Figure 10 As shown, in order to prevent the residual material 17 from falling from the middle of the scraper block 14 when it slides out, a baffle 28 is provided inside the discharge box 16. The inclination angle of the baffle 28 matches the inclination angle of the scraper block 14 after it is tilted. The baffle 28 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge box 16 by a second telescopic rod 29. A valve 30 is also provided outside the second discharge port 19. The valve 30 is switched by a motor. When the scraper block 14 rotates to the final discharge angle, the valve 30 is always closed. When the scraper block 14 rotates to the final discharge angle, the second telescopic rod 29 drives the baffle 28 to block the middle of the scraper block 14, so that the residual material 17 will not fall out. Then the valve 30 opens, and the residual material 17 slides out automatically under the action of gravity.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the above scheme, in order to prevent the drive belt 27 from moving out of the trajectory of the groove 22 when pulling the slider 20 and the scraper block 14 upward, it is best to control the tilt angle of the final scraper block 14 to 5-15° when designing the extension length of the slide 21 and the groove 22. Of course, the maximum tilt angle of the scraper block 14 can also be set according to the actual experimental results, so as to ensure that the remaining material 17 slides out smoothly and that the slider 20 and the scraper block 14 run smoothly.

[0058] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that it provides a laser cutting method based on automotive brake steel backing, including the following steps:

[0059] S1, Initial Adsorption and Fixation Stage:

[0060] The steel back 9 is placed on the negative pressure seat 4. After the negative pressure pump 6 is started, it generates suction through the negative pressure hole 5 to firmly adsorb and fix the steel back 9. The contour of the negative pressure seat 4 matches the steel back 9. At the same time, the combination block 7 moves through the second telescopic rod 8 to adapt to different hole sizes of the steel back 9 and avoid cutting interference. The negative pressure chamber 10 is connected to the negative pressure hole 5 through the connecting chamber 11 to keep the adsorption force effective when the combination block 7 moves. The base 1 supports the negative pressure seat 4 through the connecting arm 12 to ensure the stability of the structure.

[0061] S2, Laser Cutting and Slag Removal Stage:

[0062] The two-axis motion assembly 2 drives the laser head 3 to perform cutting operations on the steel back 9; the molten slag generated during the cutting process falls into the discharge trough 13; the scraper block 14 moves downward under the drive of the lifting structure, and its outer wall contacts the inner wall of the discharge trough 13 to scrape off the molten slag; the groove 15 on the top of the scraper block 14 is designed to ensure that it does not interfere with the connecting arm 12. After the cutting is completed, the remaining material 17 is divided into left and right halves for easy subsequent processing; the lifting structure includes a first telescopic rod 25 that pulls the slider 20 through the transmission roller 26 and the drive belt 27, so that the scraper block 14 descends to a height greater than the telescopic distance, thereby improving the slag removal efficiency.

[0063] S3, Separation stage of slag and residue 17:

[0064] The slider 20 moves down along the groove 21, and the embedded post 23 slides in the groove 22; the inclined surface 24 at the bottom of the slider 20 rotates under the guidance of the extension structure at the bottom of the groove 21, causing the scraper block 14 to tilt slightly (about 5-15°), so that the molten slag is automatically shaken off and discharged into the first discharge port 18; since the residual material 17 is heavier, it is kept on the scraper block 14, so as to achieve efficient separation of molten slag and residual material 17.

[0065] S4, Residual Material 17 Discharge Stage:

[0066] When the slider 20 slides to the bottom of the chute 21, the scraper block 14 is fully tilted, and the inclined surface 24 coincides with the bottom wall of the chute 21; the position of the residual material 17 is aligned with the second discharge port 19; the baffle 28 moves under the control of the second telescopic rod 29 to block the middle of the scraper block 14 and prevent the residual material 17 from falling off midway; after the other valve 30 is opened, the residual material 17 automatically slides out of the second discharge port 19 under the action of gravity; the whole process is automated to ensure smooth material discharge.

[0067] S5. Overall material arrangement and repositioning stage:

[0068] The molten slag is discharged through the first discharge port 18, and the remaining material 17 is collected by the second discharge port 19 for recycling. After the equipment operation is completed, the lifting structure controls the scraper block 14 to reset through the drive belt 27 and the track of the slide 21, and the slider 20 moves in the opposite direction to the initial position along the path of the groove 22. The system repeats this cycle to ensure the continuity of processing. The bending area, baffle 28 and valve 30 in the design work together to further optimize the separation effect and improve the reliability and safety of the equipment.

[0069] In summary, this invention ensures the workpiece is firmly fixed by the negative pressure seat 4 that matches the contour of the steel back 9, avoiding displacement during the cutting process and thus improving processing accuracy. The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure pump 6 and transmitted through the negative pressure hole 5 ensures that the adsorption force evenly covers the workpiece surface, making it suitable for precision cutting of irregularly shaped steel backs 9. The automatic position adjustment design of the combination block 7 via the second telescopic rod 8 allows it to adapt to steel backs 9 with different hole sizes, expanding the equipment's applicability and improving production line efficiency to meet diverse workpiece processing needs. The design of the scraper block 14 in conjunction with the discharge trough 13 automatically removes the slag generated by laser cutting under the drive of the lifting structure, keeping the working area clean, preventing slag accumulation from interfering with subsequent cutting quality, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs. The slider 20 and trough 21 mechanism achieve automatic separation of slag and residue 17 during operation. The slag is discharged into the first discharge port 18 through a shaking action, while the heavier residue 17 remains on the scraper block 14. This avoids mixing, improves material recycling efficiency, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent sorting.

[0070] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0071] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0072] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0073] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine based on automobile brake steel back, comprising a base, the upper side of the base is provided with a two-axis motion assembly and a laser head, characterized in that: A negative pressure seat is provided on the base. Several negative pressure holes are opened on the top of the negative pressure seat. The outline shape of the negative pressure seat matches the outline shape of the steel back. A negative pressure pump is connected to the bottom of the negative pressure hole. The negative pressure pump generates negative pressure in the negative pressure hole to adsorb the steel back. A discharge trough is provided around the negative pressure seat. A scraper block is installed inside the discharge trough. The outer wall of the scraper block contacts the inner wall of the discharge trough. A lifting structure is connected between the bottom of the scraper block and the bottom of the inner wall of the discharge trough. The lifting structure drives the scraper block to move up and down to scrape off the molten slag. A discharge box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base. The bottom of the discharge box is provided with a first discharge port and the side is provided with a second discharge port. The first discharge port is used to discharge molten slag and the second discharge port is used to discharge residual material. The lifting structure includes a first telescopic rod, the bottom of which is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box, and a transmission roller is fixedly connected to the top of the first telescopic rod. A drive belt is wound on the transmission roller, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge box, and the other end of which is fixed to the outer wall of the slider. The bottom of the scraper block is connected to a slider, and the inner wall of the discharge box is provided with a groove. The slider is slidably connected to the groove. The side wall of the groove is also provided with a slot. The side of the slider near the slot is fixedly connected to a column. The column is slidably connected to the slot. The bottom of the slider is provided with an inclined surface. The bottom of the groove and the bottom of the slot are provided with an extension structure. When the slider slides to the bottom of the groove, the slider rotates along one side until the inclined surface coincides with the bottom wall of the groove, so that the scraper block is in an inclined state. The middle of the chute and the groove is also provided with a bent area at one end. Through the bent area, the scraper block is slightly tilted to one side and vibrates as the slider slides down.

2. A laser cutting machine based on the back of the car brake steel as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: The negative pressure seat contains two movable blocks. The bottom of the blocks is connected to the negative pressure seat via a telescopic component. The telescopic component is used to move the blocks closer to or further away from the center of the steel backing to offset the steel backings at different hole positions.

3. A laser cutting machine based on the back of the car brake steel as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: The bottom wall of the negative pressure seat has a negative pressure cavity. The top of the negative pressure cavity is connected to the interior of the negative pressure seat through a connecting cavity. When the assembly block moves, the bottom of the assembly block covers the connecting cavity, so that the connecting cavity can always be connected to the negative pressure hole on the assembly block when the assembly block moves. The negative pressure seat is connected to the opening in the middle of the base through the connecting arms at its front and rear ends.

4. A laser cutting machine based on automotive brake steel back as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The inside of the discharge box is equipped with a baffle, the tilt angle of which matches the tilt angle of the tilted scraper block. The baffle is connected to the inner wall of the discharge box by a second telescopic rod. A baffle is also installed outside the second discharge port.

5. A laser cutting method based on the back of the automobile brake steel, using a laser cutting machine based on the back of the automobile brake steel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the steel-backed workpiece inside the top frame of the negative pressure seat; S2. Start the negative pressure pump to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure hole, which will adsorb and fix the steel-backed workpiece on the negative pressure seat; S3. Control the two-axis motion assembly to drive the laser head to move and perform laser cutting on the steel back workpiece that is adsorbed and fixed. The molten slag generated during the cutting process falls into the discharge trough around the negative pressure seat. S4. After the steel back workpiece is cut, control the lifting structure to drive the scraper block to move upward along the inner wall of the discharge groove to scrape off the slag accumulated in the discharge groove; S5. Control the lifting structure to move the scraper block downwards to reset.

6. A laser cutting method based on automotive brake steel back as claimed in claim 5 wherein: After the steel backing is processed, the remaining material is cut in half from the middle.

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