Dynamic spectrum analysis method and sensor based on ferroelectric reconfigurable spectrum sensor

Abstract

This application relates to the field of spectral detection and computational spectroscopy, and provides a dynamic spectral analysis method and sensor based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor. The method constructs a PN-NP complementary structure in a ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor with opposite ferroelectric polarizations, monitors the incident spectrum in real time, and constructs fast-response and slow-response branches within this PN-NP complementary structure. When a change in the incident spectrum is detected, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response and slow-response branches are superimposed to obtain a transient peak total current. This transient peak total current is used as a trigger signal to initiate a voltage scan of the symmetrical gate voltage, obtaining the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages. The photocurrent response is then matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum, achieving real-time, low-power, and reconfigurable dynamic spectral sensing and reconstruction, thus improving dynamic spectral sensing capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of spectral detection and computational spectroscopy, and in particular to a dynamic spectral analysis method and sensor based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wearable devices, smart sensors, mobile terminals, and unmanned platforms, higher demands are being placed on miniaturized, low-power, and high-resolution spectral detection technologies. Traditional spectroscopic instruments mostly rely on bulky dispersive elements such as prisms and gratings, which are difficult to integrate on a single chip.

[0003] In recent years, computational spectrometers have become an important approach to miniaturized spectroscopic detection by constructing response function libraries and combining them with algorithms to reconstruct incident spectra. However, existing methods generally suffer from the following problems:

[0004] (1) The response function is fixed, lacks reconfigurability, and is difficult to adapt to complex dynamic scenarios;

[0005] (2) Most structures require continuous power supply and cannot achieve zero-power standby;

[0006] (3) It is impossible to achieve event-triggered response to transient spectral perturbations.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an on-chip spectral sensor architecture with reconfigurability, ultra-low power standby capability, and fast trigger response capability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a dynamic spectral analysis method and sensor based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor to solve the problems of poor reconfigurability, high standby power consumption and slow response of spectral sensors in the prior art.

[0009] A first aspect of this application provides a dynamic spectral analysis method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor, comprising:

[0010] In zero-power standby mode, in the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor, a PN-NP complementary structure is constructed by opposite ferroelectric polarizations to monitor the incident spectrum in real time.

[0011] In the PN-NP complementary structure, fast response branches and slow response branches are constructed respectively;

[0012] In response to the detection of a change in the incident spectrum, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response branch current and the slow-response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current.

[0013] Using the transient peak total current as the trigger signal, voltage scanning is initiated by the symmetrical gate voltage to obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages;

[0014] The photocurrent response is matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum.

[0015] In one example, the fast-response branch includes a PN junction device and a first resistor, with the PN junction device connected in series with the first resistor;

[0016] The slow response branch includes an NP junction device, a second resistor, and a charge / discharge capacitor. The NP junction device is connected in series with the second resistor, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the charge / discharge capacitor to form a charge / discharge delay channel.

[0017] The first resistor and the second resistor have the same resistance value.

[0018] In one example, the transient peak total current is obtained as follows when the incident spectrum changes:

[0019] When the incident spectrum changes, the fast response branch generates the first response current at the first time, and the slow response branch generates the second response current at the second time; since the first time is shorter than the second time, the first response current and the second response current have the same magnitude but opposite direction.

[0020] The difference between the first response current and the third response current generated by the slow response branch at the first moment is determined as the transient peak total current.

[0021] In one example, the RC time constant of the fast response branch is smaller than that of the slow response branch, so that the transient peak total current is generated only within a preset time range when the incident spectrum changes.

[0022] In one example, the pre-built response matrix is ​​determined as follows:

[0023] Under a quasi-monochromatic light source, a symmetrical gate voltage was activated for voltage scanning to obtain the photocurrent under various voltage conditions.

[0024] A wavelength-voltage two-dimensional photoelectric response matrix is ​​constructed based on the photocurrent under various voltage conditions.

[0025] In one example, the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor includes at least a gate, which is a split gate, and the split gate includes at least a first gate and a second gate.

[0026] Initiate voltage scanning using the symmetrical gate voltage, including:

[0027] A first voltage is applied to the first gate, and a second voltage is applied to the second gate;

[0028] The first voltage is linearly scanned from the minimum set voltage value to 0 with a preset step size, and the second voltage is linearly scanned from the maximum set voltage value to 0 with a preset step size.

[0029] The first voltage and the second voltage are the same in magnitude but opposite in polarity, and the minimum set voltage value and the maximum set voltage value are the same in magnitude but opposite in polarity.

[0030] In one example, the step of reconstructing the unknown incident spectrum is to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum using a real-time optimization algorithm;

[0031] The real-time optimization algorithm includes at least one of the following: integral model, discretized matrix form, Gaussian basis expansion, non-negative least squares method and ridge regression regularization expansion.

[0032] In one example, the method has a spectral response range of 450 nm to 950 nm, a minimum spectral resolution of 2.2 nm, and a response time of less than 32 microseconds.

[0033] A second aspect of the embodiments of this application provides a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor, which is used to perform a dynamic spectral analysis method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0034] In one example, the ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor includes at least a substrate, a gate, a ferroelectric material thin film, a tungsten selenide layer, a source, and a drain; the gate is a split gate, which includes at least a first gate and a second gate.

[0035] The tungsten selenide layer constitutes the two-dimensional semiconductor channel layer of the spectral sensor.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application compared with the prior art are:

[0037] This application embodiment constructs a PN-NP complementary structure with opposite ferroelectric polarizations in a ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor to monitor the incident spectrum in real time. In this PN-NP complementary structure, fast-response branches and slow-response branches are constructed respectively. When a change in the incident spectrum is detected, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response branch current and the slow-response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current. Using this transient peak total current as a trigger signal, a voltage scan is initiated using a symmetrical gate voltage to obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages. Then, the photocurrent response is matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum. This achieves real-time, low-power, and reconfigurable dynamic spectral sensing and spectral reconstruction, improving the dynamic spectral sensing capability. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a dynamic spectral analysis method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram and physical diagram of a standby mode detection circuit composed of dual-polarized PN / NP branches provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure 3 This is the spectral response curve of the PN junction under zero bias provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic response triggered by spectral perturbation in standby mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic spectrum-triggered spectral reconstruction mode provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral reconstruction process provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a comparison of real-time reconstructed spectral lines for VO2 thin film phase transition monitoring provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0048] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a dynamic spectral analysis method and apparatus based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor according to embodiments of this application.

[0049] As mentioned above, however, the approach of constructing a response function library and combining it with algorithms to reconstruct the incident spectrum generally suffers from the following problems: the response function is fixed, lacks reconfigurability, and is difficult to adapt to complex dynamic scenarios; it requires continuous power supply and cannot achieve zero-power standby; and it cannot achieve event-triggered response to transient spectral perturbations.

[0050] In view of this, this application provides a dynamic spectral analysis method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor. By constructing a PN-NP complementary structure with opposite ferroelectric polarizations in the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor, the incident spectrum is monitored in real time. In this PN-NP complementary structure, fast-response branches and slow-response branches are constructed respectively. When a change in the incident spectrum is detected, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response branch current and the slow-response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current. Using this transient peak total current as a trigger signal, a voltage scan is initiated using a symmetrical gate voltage to obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages. Then, the photocurrent response is matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum. This achieves real-time, low-power, and reconfigurable dynamic spectral sensing and spectral reconstruction, improving the dynamic spectral sensing capability.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a dynamic spectral analysis method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0052] In step S101, in zero-power standby mode, in the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor, a PN-NP complementary structure is constructed by opposite ferroelectric polarizations to monitor the incident spectrum in real time.

[0053] In step S102, fast response branches and slow response branches are constructed in the PN-NP complementary structure, respectively.

[0054] In step S103, in response to the detection that the incident spectrum has changed, the instantaneous response currents of the fast response branch current and the slow response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current.

[0055] In step S104, the transient peak total current is used as the trigger signal to start voltage scanning of the symmetrical gate voltage and obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages.

[0056] In step S105, the photocurrent response is matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, the method can be performed by a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor for dynamic spectral analysis.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, in a ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor, a PN-NP complementary structure can be constructed from opposite ferroelectric polarizations in a zero-power standby mode to monitor the incident spectrum in real time.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, fast response branches and slow response branches can be constructed in the PN-NP complementary structure, respectively.

[0060] When a change in the incident spectrum is detected, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response branch current and the slow-response branch current can be superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current. Then, using the transient peak total current as a trigger signal, a voltage scan is initiated using the symmetrical gate voltage to obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, the photocurrent response can be matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum.

[0062] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, a PN-NP complementary structure is constructed in a ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor with opposite ferroelectric polarizations to monitor the incident spectrum in real time. In this PN-NP complementary structure, fast response branches and slow response branches are constructed respectively. When a change in the incident spectrum is detected, the instantaneous response currents of the fast response branch current and the slow response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current. The transient peak total current is used as a trigger signal to start the voltage scanning of the symmetrical gate voltage to obtain the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages. Then, the photocurrent response is matched with the pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum, realizing real-time, low-power, and reconfigurable dynamic spectral sensing and spectral reconstruction, and improving the dynamic spectral sensing capability.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, after reconstructing the incident spectrum, a real-time reconstructed spectrum can also be output to achieve dynamic spectral detection and analysis.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, the fast-response branch may include a PN junction device and a first resistor, with the PN junction device and the first resistor connected in series; the slow-response branch may include an NP junction device, a second resistor, and a charge / discharge capacitor, with the NP junction device and the second resistor connected in series, and the second resistor and the charge / discharge capacitor connected in parallel to form a charge / discharge delay channel. The first resistor and the second resistor have the same resistance value.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram and physical diagram of a standby mode detection circuit composed of dual-polarized PN / NP branches provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] like Figure 2As shown in the circuit diagram on the left, the fast response branch can include device 1, i.e., the PN junction device, and the first resistor. The static response current of the fast response branch at zero bias can be denoted as I. ph1 The slow response branch can include device 2 (i.e., the NP junction device), a second resistor, and a charging / discharging capacitor. The static response current of the slow response branch at zero bias can be denoted as I. ph2 Among them, |I ph1 |=| I ph2 |, i.e. I ph1 with I ph2 Equal in size but opposite in direction. I ph1 with I ph2 The difference is obtained by measuring ammeter A and is used as the total current.

[0067] Figure 2 The image on the right shows a physical diagram of a standby mode detection circuit composed of a dual-polarized PN / NP branch.

[0068] In other words, the fast response branch can be formed by a PN junction device in series with a resistor, while the slow response branch corresponds to an NP junction device, with a capacitor connected in parallel across the same series resistor to create a charge / discharge delay.

[0069] Figure 3 This is the spectral response curve of the PN junction under zero bias provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 3 As shown, since the response curve R under zero bias is a function of wavelength, the static response function Iph is equal to the integral of S(λ)R with respect to dλ, where S(λ) is the incident spectrum and λ is the incident wavelength. Therefore, for standby mode, as long as S(λ) changes, the value of Iph will change, and the total current will generate a spike pulse due to the difference in response time of the branches.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, when the incident spectrum changes, the transient peak total current is obtained in the following manner: when the incident spectrum changes, the fast response branch generates a first response current at a first time, and the slow response branch generates a second response current at a second time; the first time is shorter than the second time, and the first response current and the second response current have the same magnitude but opposite direction; the difference between the first response current and the third response current generated by the slow response branch at the first time is determined as the transient peak total current.

[0071] In other words, when the incident spectrum changes, the fast-response branch current changes rapidly, while the slow-response branch current lags behind, producing a change of the same magnitude but in the opposite direction. These two changes superimpose at the instant of change to form a transient peak total current. When the spectral disturbance disrupts the balance between the fast and slow branch currents, the peak pulse signal triggers the system to enter the measurement state.

[0072] The RC time constant of the fast response branch is smaller than that of the slow response branch to ensure that the transient peak total current is generated only within a preset time range when the incident spectrum changes. This preset time range is similar to the response time of a single PN junction device.

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic response triggered by spectral perturbation in standby mode provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, when spectral perturbations are introduced, Figure 2 The ammeter A in the circuit shown can detect a transient peak total current, which can trigger a symmetrical gate voltage scan to reconstruct the incident spectrum. When the spectral perturbation is removed, the incident spectrum changes again. At this time, ammeter A in the circuit can detect another transient peak total current, thereby triggering another symmetrical gate voltage scan and reconstructing the incident spectrum again.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the pre-established response matrix can be determined as follows: a symmetrical gate voltage is activated under a quasi-monochromatic light source to perform voltage scanning, and the photocurrent under each voltage condition is obtained; a wavelength-voltage two-dimensional photoelectric response matrix is ​​constructed based on the photocurrent under each voltage condition.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor includes at least a gate, which is a split gate, and the split gate includes at least a first gate and a second gate.

[0076] Initiating a symmetrical gate voltage scanning process may include: applying a first voltage to a first gate and applying a second voltage to a second gate; linearly scanning the first voltage from a minimum set voltage value to 0 with a preset step size, and simultaneously linearly scanning the second voltage from a maximum set voltage value to 0 with a preset step size; the first voltage and the second voltage are of the same magnitude but opposite polarities, and the minimum set voltage value and the maximum set voltage value are of the same magnitude but opposite polarities.

[0077] In other words, when constructing the response matrix, a quasi-monochromatic light source can be used at ±V g A scanning model was established under symmetrical voltage conditions, with the voltage range set from -Vmax to +Vmax, forming a wavelength-voltage two-dimensional photoelectric response matrix. Where +V... g For the first gate voltage, -V g This is the second gate voltage, +Vmax is the maximum set voltage value, and -Vmax is the minimum set voltage value.

[0078] In one example, quasi-monochromatic light can be obtained using a supercontinuum light source and a tunable filter. Then, the wavelength is scanned at preset steps, such as 5 nm, and the symmetrically opposite gate voltages from -Vmax to +Vmax are recorded. g With -V gThe photocurrent under [the given condition]. Finally, R(λ, V) is established. g The response matrix serves as the base library for spectral decoding. Here, R is the photoresponsivity, λ is the incident wavelength, and V... g This is the gate voltage.

[0079] On the other hand, when reconstructing the spectrum, the control circuit can execute ±V for a single device in a certain branch. g Symmetrical opposite voltage scanning is used to collect photocurrent data under different voltages, and the unknown incident spectrum is reconstructed based on the preset response matrix and optimization algorithm.

[0080] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic spectral triggering spectral reconstruction mode provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the fast-response branch can be used to execute ±V. g Symmetrical opposite voltage scanning. This is achieved by tuning V. g The photocurrent data of device 1 at different voltages is collected, and then the unknown incident spectrum is reconstructed based on the collected data, a preset response matrix, and an optimized algorithm. sd V is the source-drain voltage. GND This is the grounding voltage.

[0081] In some embodiments of this application, the step of reconstructing the unknown incident spectrum may be to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum using a real-time optimization algorithm. The real-time optimization algorithm includes at least one of the following: an integral model, a discretized matrix form, a Gaussian basis expansion, non-negative least squares (NNLS) and ridge regression (Tikhonov) regularized expansion.

[0082] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment has a spectral response range of 450 nanometers (nm) to 950 nm, a minimum spectral resolution of 2.2 nm, and a response time of less than 32 microseconds (μs).

[0083] This application also provides a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor, which can be used to perform the above-described dynamic spectral analysis method.

[0084] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor includes at least a substrate 7, a first gate 5 and a second gate 6, a ferroelectric material thin film 4, a tungsten selenide (WSe2) layer 3, a source 1, and a drain 2; the first gate 5 and the second gate 6 are split gates. The WSe2 layer constitutes the two-dimensional semiconductor channel layer of the spectral sensor. - Represents electron, h + It indicates an empty hole.

[0085] The ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor can be fabricated as follows: the substrate is a p-type Si / SiO2 (285 nm); the discrete Cr / Au (10 / 20 nm) gate is fabricated by EBL; a P(VDF-TrFE) ferroelectric thin film is spin-coated and annealed at 135°C for 6 hours; the WSe2 sheet is precisely aligned to the cracked gate electrode region using a dry transfer method; finally, the source and drain electrodes (Au 50 nm) prepared by thermal evaporation are transferred to complete the device.

[0086] This ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor can operate in three modes:

[0087] (1) Static standby mode: Under the condition of no external voltage, the polarization-maintained PN-NP structure maintains zero power consumption standby under zero bias voltage.

[0088] (2) Dynamic triggering mode: When the spectral disturbance breaks the balance of the fast / slow branch current, the spike pulse signal triggers the system to enter the measurement state.

[0089] (3) Spectral reconstruction mode: For a single device in a certain branch, the control circuit executes ±V g Symmetrical opposite voltage scanning is used to collect photocurrent data under different voltages, and the unknown incident spectrum is reconstructed based on the preset response matrix and existing optimization algorithms.

[0090] In non-driven static standby mode, each branch device consists of a PN or NP junction constructed with ferroelectric polarization and operates at zero bias. Because the devices exhibit different photoresponse characteristics at different wavelengths, when the incident spectrum is disturbed (wavelength or intensity abruptly), the current in the fast-response branch changes immediately, while the current in the slow-response branch changes lag due to capacitor charging and discharging delays. The combined current of these two branches forms a spike pulse signal at the instant of change, which is used to trigger ±V... g Symmetrical opposite voltage scanning is used to collect photocurrent response data under different voltages, and unknown incident spectra are reconstructed in real time using preset response matrices and optimization methods such as non-negative least squares method and Tikhonov regularization.

[0091] The miniature spectral sensor and its dynamic spectral sensing method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable two-dimensional material homojunction structure provided in this application have the characteristics of non-volatile polarization control, multi-response state switching, and dynamic spectral-driven reconstruction, which solve the problems of poor reconfigurability, high energy consumption and slow response of traditional computational spectrometers.

[0092] Meanwhile, in non-driven standby mode, a single branch device consists of a PN or NP junction constructed with ferroelectric polarization and operates under zero bias. Since the photoresponse of the device varies significantly at different wavelengths, the PN / NP junction under zero bias will generate different photocurrent signals under different spectral conditions. This characteristic ensures that the system can passively sense the background spectrum even in static standby mode, and generate amplitude differences when the spectrum is disturbed, providing a physical basis for triggering unbalanced transient spike currents in subsequent fast / slow branch circuits.

[0093] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spectral reconstruction process provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, a response matrix R(λ, V) for symmetric gate voltage adjustment can be established first for quasi-monochromatic light within the spectral range. g Then, the photocurrent I(V) of the device was tested under an unknown spectrum S(λ) with symmetric gate voltage regulation. g Finally, use formula I(V) g =∫S(λ)R(λ, V) g )dλ reconstructs the unknown spectrum.

[0094] Figure 8 This is a comparison of real-time reconstructed spectral lines for VO2 thin film phase transition monitoring provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the thick lines represent experimental results obtained using the spectral sensor provided in this application embodiment, while the dashed lines within each thick line represent experimental results obtained using a commercial spectrometer. It can be seen that the spectral sensor provided in this application embodiment, used for real-time monitoring of the VO2 reflectance spectrum changes with temperature, shows a high degree of agreement between the measured spectral lines and those obtained using a commercial spectrometer, verifying its high accuracy and stability.

[0095] The technical solution provided in this application utilizes the non-volatile characteristics of ferroelectric polarization to maintain the PN / NP complementary structure in zero-power standby mode. When the incident spectrum changes, the complementary branches formed by the PN and NP structures generate transient spike current pulses at the moment of change due to the difference in response speed between fast and slow responses, triggering the device to enter the operating mode. In the operating mode, the ±V of a single branch device... g The "symmetric opposite voltage scan" acquires the photocurrent response under different voltages and, combined with a pre-established response matrix and algorithm, reconstructs the unknown incident spectrum in real time.

[0096] This method supports high-resolution spectral detection over a wide spectral range, with a minimum resolution of 2.2 nm, a response time as low as 32 μs, and a device size of less than 0.01 square millimeters (mm²). 2This invention possesses advantages such as high integration, low power consumption, and programmability. It breaks through the dependence of traditional spectrometers on optical dispersive elements and continuous power consumption, making it suitable for real-time spectral sensing and analysis in dynamic environments.

[0097] All of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form the optional embodiments of this application, and will not be described in detail here.

[0098] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0099] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dynamic spectral analysis method based on a ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor, characterized in that, include: In zero-power standby mode, in the ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor, a PN-NP complementary structure is constructed by opposite ferroelectric polarizations to monitor the incident spectrum in real time. In the PN-NP complementary structure, fast response branches and slow response branches are constructed respectively; In response to the detection of a change in the incident spectrum, the instantaneous response currents of the fast-response branch current and the slow-response branch current are superimposed to obtain the transient peak total current; Using the transient peak total current as a trigger signal, the symmetrical gate voltage is started to perform voltage scanning, and the photocurrent response under different symmetrical gate voltages is obtained; The photocurrent response is matched with a pre-established response matrix to reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fast-response branch includes a PN junction device and a first resistor, wherein the PN junction device is connected in series with the first resistor; The slow response branch includes an NP junction device, a second resistor, and a charge / discharge capacitor. The NP junction device is connected in series with the second resistor, and the second resistor is connected in parallel with the charge / discharge capacitor to form a charge / discharge delay channel. The first resistor and the second resistor have the same resistance value.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the incident spectrum changes, the transient peak total current is obtained in the following way: When the incident spectrum changes, the fast response branch generates a first response current at a first time, and the slow response branch generates a second response current at a second time; the first time is shorter than the second time, and the first response current and the second response current have the same magnitude but opposite direction; The difference between the first response current and the third response current generated by the slow response branch at the first time is determined as the transient peak total current.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RC time constant of the fast response branch is smaller than that of the slow response branch, so that the transient peak total current is generated only within a preset time range when the incident spectrum changes.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-established response matrix is ​​determined in the following way: Under a quasi-monochromatic light source, a symmetrical gate voltage was activated for voltage scanning to obtain the photocurrent under various voltage conditions. A wavelength-voltage two-dimensional photoelectric response matrix is ​​constructed based on the photocurrent under various voltage conditions.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ferroelectric reconfigurable homojunction spectral sensor includes at least a gate, the gate being a split gate, and the split gate including at least a first gate and a second gate. The step of initiating a voltage scan using the symmetrical gate voltage includes: A first voltage is applied to the first gate, and a second voltage is applied to the second gate; The first voltage is linearly scanned from the minimum set voltage value to 0 with a preset step size, while the second voltage is linearly scanned from the maximum set voltage value to 0 with the same preset step size. The first voltage and the second voltage are the same in magnitude but opposite in polarity, and the minimum set voltage value and the maximum set voltage value are the same in magnitude but opposite in polarity.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for reconstructing the unknown incident spectrum are as follows: reconstruct the unknown incident spectrum using a real-time optimization algorithm; The real-time optimization algorithm includes at least one of the following: integral model, discretized matrix form, Gaussian basis expansion, non-negative least squares method and ridge regression regularization expansion.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method has a spectral response range of 450 nm to 950 nm, a minimum spectral resolution of 2.2 nm, and a response time of less than 32 microseconds.

9. A ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor, characterized in that, The ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor is used to perform the dynamic spectral analysis method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The spectral sensor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ferroelectric reconfigurable spectral sensor includes at least a substrate, a gate, a ferroelectric material thin film, a tungsten selenide layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; the gate is a split gate, and the split gate includes at least a first gate and a second gate. The tungsten selenide layer constitutes the two-dimensional semiconductor channel layer of the spectral sensor.

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