Automatic detection system and method for photovoltaic inverter power board

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic detection system and method for a photovoltaic inverter power board, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and the method comprises the steps: switching on 220V power grid input, converting the 220V power grid input into a working voltage through a buck circuit, powering on an MCU main controller, and completing the initialization of communication with a built-in card, an external RTC, a serial port screen, a scanning gun and a Bluetooth module; the MCU master controller captures a pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggers a detection process, and receives photovoltaic inverter power board identity barcode information from the scanning gun through the UART interface; the MCU master control module controls the ADC module to carry out data acquisition on four voltage sampling points and analyzes voltage sampling values. And the MCU master controller sends an instruction to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface. According to the invention, through display of the serial port screen, the system automatically resets each module and re-triggers a signal after completion, and automatic integration test, data remote interaction and efficient batch detection of static parameters and dynamic working condition performance of the power amplifier board are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to an automatic detection system and method for photovoltaic inverter power boards. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of photovoltaic power generation technology, photovoltaic inverters, as the core components of photovoltaic systems, directly affect the power generation efficiency and operational stability of the entire system through their performance and reliability. Power boards, as key functional modules of inverters, undertake important functions such as DC-AC conversion, maximum power point tracking, and grid-connected control. Therefore, comprehensive testing of their performance is crucial. The use of automated testing platforms based on industrial control computers and data acquisition cards has become the mainstream solution in the industry. These platforms typically use LabVIEW host computer software to control programmable power supplies to simulate the IV characteristics of photovoltaic arrays and utilize high-precision data acquisition cards to sample and analyze the output voltage, current, and key control signals of the power boards. This enables automated measurement and recording of basic electrical parameters, improving testing efficiency and consistency to a certain extent and providing technical support for the large-scale production of power boards.

[0003] However, the aforementioned testing schemes based on industrial control computers still have certain limitations, especially in terms of the completeness of the testing process, the systematic nature of data management, and the verification of environmental adaptability. Existing schemes usually focus on the acquisition and judgment of static electrical parameters, while lacking systematic testing and in-depth analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of power boards under different simulated operating conditions. The test data of existing technologies are often limited to local storage and fail to achieve convenient and efficient integration with the production information management system. The traceability and statistical analysis capabilities of test results are insufficient, and the coordination of various functional modules and the reset logic in the testing process also lack unified planning, making it difficult to achieve efficient and coherent batch automated testing. These problems, to some extent, affect the comprehensiveness of power board performance evaluation and the overall efficiency of production quality inspection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an automatic testing method for photovoltaic inverter power boards, which solves the problems of insufficient verification of power board environmental adaptability, isolated test data, and low efficiency of batch automation in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic detection method for the power board of a photovoltaic inverter, which includes connecting a 220V power grid input, converting it to the working voltage via a buck step-down circuit, powering on the MCU main controller and completing communication initialization with the built-in card, external RTC, serial port screen, barcode scanner and Bluetooth module; The MCU master controller captures the pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggering the detection process. The MCU master controller receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the barcode scanner through the UART interface. The MCU main controller controls the ADC module to acquire data from four voltage sampling points and analyze the voltage sampling values; The MCU master controller sends commands to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface to simulate different operating conditions and simultaneously monitor the power board response to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results. The MCU main controller stores the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results to the built-in card via the SDIO interface, and sends the data to the mobile phone via the Bluetooth module through the UART interface; The MCU master controller sends the detection result information to the serial port screen for display via the UART interface. After a single detection is completed, the MCU master controller controls each module to reset and waits for the next start button signal.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the method includes the following steps: connecting to a 220V mains input, converting it to the operating voltage via a buck converter, powering on the MCU main controller and completing communication initialization with the built-in card, external RTC, serial port screen, barcode scanner, and Bluetooth module. When the 220V mains input is connected, the 220V mains input enters the buck step-down circuit, which converts the 220V mains input into the working voltage. The working voltage powers the MCU main controller. After the MCU main controller is powered on, it completes the communication initialization with the built-in card through the SDIO interface. The MCU master controller completes the communication initialization with the external RTC through the IIC interface, the communication initialization with the serial port screen through the UART interface, the communication initialization with the barcode scanner through the UART interface, and the communication initialization with the Bluetooth module through the UART interface.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the MCU main controller captures the pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggering the detection process. The MCU main controller receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the barcode scanner through the UART interface, including the following steps. The MCU master controller continuously monitors the power level of the start button through the input I / O interface. When the power level of the start button changes from high to low, the MCU master controller captures the signal that the start button has been pressed. After capturing the signal that the start button has been pressed, the MCU master controller triggers the detection process. After the detection process is triggered, the MCU master controller sends a ready command to the barcode scanner through the UART interface. After receiving the ready command, the barcode scanner performs optical scanning on the identification barcode of the photovoltaic inverter power board. The scanner transmits the identification barcode information of the photovoltaic inverter power board to the MCU main controller via the UART interface. The MCU main controller receives the identification barcode information of the photovoltaic inverter power board from the scanner via the UART interface.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the MCU main control module controls the ADC module to acquire data from four voltage sampling points and analyze the voltage sampling values, including the following steps: The MCU master controller sends acquisition commands for 4 voltage sampling points to the ADC module through the SPI interface. The ADC module synchronously acquires data from the 4 voltage sampling points according to the acquisition commands. The ADC module then transmits the acquired data from the 4 voltage sampling points to the MCU master controller through the SPI interface. Based on the operating voltage range of each sampling point specified in the technical specifications of the photovoltaic inverter power board, a voltage threshold is set. The MCU master controller receives the collected data from 4 voltage sampling points and converts it into voltage sampling values. The MCU master controller compares the voltage sampling values ​​with preset voltage thresholds and judges the electrical characteristics of the 4 voltage sampling points based on the comparison results.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the MCU main controller sends instructions to a photovoltaic cell simulation source via a UART interface to simulate different operating conditions and simultaneously monitor the power board response, obtaining operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results, including the following steps. The MCU master controller sends instructions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate standard test conditions through the UART interface. The photovoltaic cell simulation source outputs the corresponding IV characteristic curve according to the instructions to simulate standard test conditions. The MCU master controller synchronously monitors and records the DC side voltage and DC side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under standard test conditions through the ADC module. The MCU master controller synchronously monitors and records the AC side voltage and AC side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under standard test conditions through the ADC module. The MCU master controller calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under standard test conditions. The MCU master controller sends instructions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate high temperature and low irradiance conditions through the UART interface. The MCU master controller calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under high temperature and low irradiance conditions. The MCU master controller integrates the performance parameters under various operating conditions to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the MCU main controller stores the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results to the built-in card via the SDIO interface, and sends the data to the mobile phone via the UART interface and Bluetooth module, including the following steps. The MCU master controller combines the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results into a complete detection record. The MCU master controller writes the complete detection record to the built-in card for storage through the SDIO interface. The MCU main controller transmits the complete detection record to the Bluetooth module via the UART interface; the Bluetooth module then sends the complete detection record to the mobile phone wirelessly.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards described in this invention, the MCU main controller sends the detection result information to a serial port screen for display via a UART interface. After completing a single detection, the MCU main controller controls each module to reset, awaiting the next start button signal. This includes the following steps: The MCU master controller sends the detection result information to the serial port screen through the UART interface. The serial port screen receives and displays the detection result information. After the detection result information is displayed, the MCU master controller sends a shutdown output command to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface. The MCU master controller synchronizes the built-in card files through the SDIO interface, and writes the current timestamp of the external RTC to a specific register through the IIC interface to complete the log recording. The MCU master controller restores all peripheral states to their initial ready state, and then restarts monitoring the level changes of the start button through the general input I / O interface.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides an automatic detection system for photovoltaic inverter power boards, including a communication initialization module, which connects to a 220V power grid input and converts it to the working voltage via a buck step-down circuit. The MCU main controller is powered on and completes communication initialization with the built-in card, external RTC, serial port screen, barcode scanner and Bluetooth module. The process triggering module allows the MCU master controller to capture the pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggering the detection process. The MCU master controller also receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the barcode scanner through the UART interface. The static parameter detection module uses an MCU main controller to control the ADC module to acquire data from four voltage sampling points and analyze the voltage sampling values. The dynamic performance testing module uses the MCU main controller to send commands to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface to simulate different operating conditions and simultaneously monitor the power board response to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results. The transmission module, controlled by the MCU, stores the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results to the built-in card via the SDIO interface, and sends the data to the mobile phone via the Bluetooth module through the UART interface; The control module, MCU master controller, sends the detection result information to the serial port screen for display through the UART interface. After a single detection is completed, the MCU master controller controls each module to reset and waits for the next start button signal.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements any step of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: After connecting to the 220V power grid and converting the power supply through the buck circuit, the MCU master controller completes the initialization of the storage, clock, display, barcode scanning, and communication modules. The detection process is triggered by monitoring the start button signal, and the power board identity information is bound by barcode scanning. The ADC module is controlled to synchronously collect data from four key voltage points and compare them with preset thresholds for static performance analysis. By controlling the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate standard and high temperature and low irradiance conditions, the DC / AC response of the power board is monitored synchronously. The MPPT efficiency calculation and attenuation rate analysis model are used to realize dynamic performance evaluation and judgment. All detection data are combined into a complete record for local storage and wirelessly transmitted to a mobile phone via Bluetooth. The final result is displayed on the serial port screen. After completion, the system automatically resets each module and re-triggers the signal, realizing automated integrated testing of power board static parameters and dynamic operating condition performance, remote data interaction, and efficient batch testing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic power board detection system for photovoltaic inverters.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the power board of a photovoltaic inverter. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-3 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards, including the following steps: S1. When the 220V mains input is connected, it is converted into the working voltage through the buck step-down circuit. The MCU main controller is powered on and completes the communication initialization with the built-in card, external RTC, serial port screen, barcode scanner and Bluetooth module.

[0025] S1.1 Connect the 220V mains input. The 220V mains input enters the buck converter circuit, which converts the 220V mains input into the operating voltage. The operating voltage powers the MCU main controller. After the MCU main controller is powered on, it completes the communication initialization with the built-in card through the SDIO interface.

[0026] Furthermore, after the 220V mains input is connected, the 220V mains input enters the input terminal of the buck converter circuit. The power switching devices inside the buck converter circuit turn on and off at a fixed frequency. Through a filter network composed of inductors and capacitors, the high-voltage AC power is converted into a stable low-voltage DC working voltage. This working voltage directly provides power to the power supply pins of the MCU main controller. After the MCU main controller is powered on, it first executes the built-in startup code, and then sends an initialization command sequence to the built-in card through the clock and data lines of the SDIO interface. After receiving the initialization command, the built-in card returns an acknowledgment response signal, completing the communication initialization between the MCU main controller and the built-in card.

[0027] S1.2 The MCU master controller completes the communication initialization with the external RTC through the IIC interface, the communication initialization with the serial port screen through the UART interface, the communication initialization with the barcode scanner through the UART interface, and the communication initialization with the Bluetooth module through the UART interface.

[0028] Furthermore, the MCU controller sends device address and register read commands to the external RTC via the serial data and clock lines of the IIC interface. The external RTC responds correctly and returns real-time clock data, establishing a communication connection between the MCU controller and the external RTC. The MCU controller then sends baud rate setting and clear screen commands to the serial port screen via the transmit and receive lines of the UART interface. After the serial port screen returns a successful operation acknowledgment, communication initialization is complete. The MCU controller sends an enable command to the scanner via another set of UART interfaces, and the scanner returns a standby status signal. The MCU controller sends a pairing mode activation command to the Bluetooth module via a third set of UART interfaces, and the Bluetooth module returns a ready status indication. At this point, the communication links between the MCU controller and all external devices have been established and verified.

[0029] S2. The MCU master controller captures the pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggering the detection process. The MCU master controller receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the barcode scanner through the UART interface.

[0030] S2.1 The MCU master controller continuously monitors the level state of the start button through the input IO interface. When the level state of the start button changes from high level to low level, the MCU master controller captures the start button being pressed signal. After capturing the start button being pressed signal, the MCU master controller triggers the detection process. After the detection process is triggered, the MCU master controller sends a ready command to the barcode scanner through the UART interface. After receiving the ready command, the barcode scanner performs optical scanning on the identification barcode of the photovoltaic inverter power board.

[0031] Furthermore, the MCU master controller configures the input IO interface to a high-impedance input mode and enables the internal pull-up resistor, so that the input IO interface continuously reads a high level when the start button is not pressed. When the operator presses the start button, the level of the input IO interface is pulled low. The MCU master controller detects the change from high to low level of the input IO interface through a cyclic scanning method, and immediately recognizes this level change as the start button being pressed signal. The MCU master controller then triggers the detection process and exits the level monitoring loop. After the detection process is triggered, the MCU master controller sends an ASCII code-formatted ready command to the barcode scanner through the UART interface. After receiving the ready command, the barcode scanner activates its internal laser scanner and image sensor to perform optical imaging and decoding operations on the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode.

[0032] S2.2 The scanner transmits the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information to the MCU main controller via the UART interface. The MCU main controller receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the scanner via the UART interface.

[0033] Furthermore, after successfully decoding the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode, the scanner encapsulates the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information into a data frame according to a predetermined serial communication protocol. The data frame includes a start bit, data bits, a check bit, and a stop bit. After encapsulation, the scanner transmits the data frame serially to the MCU master controller through the transmit pin of the UART interface. The MCU master controller continuously monitors the data stream through the receive pin of the UART interface. When it detects a start bit that conforms to the protocol, it starts receiving data frames. The MCU master controller verifies the check bit of the received data frame. After successful verification, it extracts the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the data bits and stores it in an internal buffer, completing the process of receiving the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information.

[0034] S3, the MCU main controller controls the ADC module to acquire data from 4 voltage sampling points and analyze the voltage sampling values.

[0035] S3.1 The MCU master controller sends acquisition instructions for 4 voltage sampling points to the ADC module through the SPI interface. The ADC module performs synchronous data acquisition on the 4 voltage sampling points according to the acquisition instructions. The ADC module transmits the acquired data of the 4 voltage sampling points to the MCU master controller through the SPI interface.

[0036] Furthermore, the MCU master controller sends an acquisition command containing the channel selection code and sampling accuracy parameters to the ADC module through the clock and data lines of the SPI interface. After receiving the acquisition command, the ADC module simultaneously activates its four internal sample-and-hold circuits to synchronously acquire voltage signals from the four voltage sampling points. After converting the analog voltage signal into a digital quantity, the ADC module transmits the acquired data from the four voltage sampling points to the MCU master controller's receive buffer through the data output line of the SPI interface.

[0037] S3.2. Based on the operating voltage range of each sampling point specified in the technical specifications of the photovoltaic inverter power board, set the voltage threshold.

[0038] Furthermore, based on the normal operating voltage ranges of the DC bus voltage sampling point, AC output voltage sampling point, IGBT drive voltage sampling point, and reference voltage sampling point as clearly specified in the technical specifications of the photovoltaic inverter power board, upper and lower voltage thresholds are set for the DC bus voltage sampling point, AC output voltage sampling point, IGBT drive voltage sampling point, and reference voltage sampling point, respectively.

[0039] S3.3 The MCU master controller receives the collected data from the four voltage sampling points and converts it into voltage sampling values. The MCU master controller compares the voltage sampling values ​​with the preset voltage threshold and judges the electrical characteristics of the four voltage sampling points based on the comparison results.

[0040] Furthermore, the MCU master controller reads the acquired data from the ADC module via the SPI interface from the receive buffer, which is a digital quantity in binary format. Based on the bit resolution of the ADC module and the reference voltage, the MCU master controller converts each acquired data into a physically meaningful DC bus voltage sampling point voltage sample value, AC output voltage sampling point voltage sample value, IGBT drive voltage sampling point voltage sample value, and reference voltage sampling point voltage sample value. Subsequently, the MCU master controller compares the DC bus voltage sampling point voltage sample value with the upper and lower limits of the DC bus voltage sampling point voltage thresholds pre-set based on the photovoltaic inverter power board technical specifications, and compares the AC output voltage sampling point voltage sample value with the upper and lower limits of the AC output voltage sampling point voltage thresholds. The voltage sample value of the IGBT drive voltage sampling point is compared with the upper and lower limits of the IGBT drive voltage sampling point voltage threshold. The voltage sample value of the reference voltage sampling point is compared with the upper and lower limits of the reference voltage sampling point voltage threshold. The MCU master controller determines whether each voltage sample value is within the corresponding voltage threshold range based on the comparison results. If all voltage sample values ​​are within the threshold range, the electrical characteristics of the four voltage sampling points are determined to meet the requirements. If any voltage sample value exceeds the threshold range, the electrical characteristics are determined to not meet the requirements and the abnormal channel information is recorded.

[0041] S4. The MCU main controller sends instructions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface to simulate different operating conditions and simultaneously monitor the power board response to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results.

[0042] S4.1 The MCU master controller sends instructions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate standard test conditions through the UART interface. The photovoltaic cell simulation source outputs the corresponding IV characteristic curve according to the instructions of the simulated standard test conditions. The MCU master controller synchronously monitors and records the DC side voltage and DC side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under the standard test conditions through the ADC module.

[0043] Furthermore, the MCU master controller sends a standard test condition setting command conforming to the SCPI protocol to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface. The command includes parameter settings such as irradiance of 1000 watts per square meter and cell temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. After receiving the command, the photovoltaic cell simulation source calls the internally stored standard test condition IV characteristic curve model and outputs the corresponding voltage and current characteristics. While the output of the photovoltaic cell simulation source is stable, the MCU master controller starts the ADC module to synchronously monitor and record the voltage value of the DC side voltage sampling point and the current value of the DC side current sampling point of the photovoltaic inverter power board at a fixed sampling frequency, and obtains complete DC side electrical parameter waveform data under the standard test conditions.

[0044] S4.2 The MCU master controller synchronously monitors and records the AC side voltage and AC side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under standard test conditions through the ADC module. The MCU master controller calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under standard test conditions.

[0045] Specifically, the expression is, ; in, This represents the maximum power point tracking efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power panel under standard test conditions. This represents the average power actually drawn from the DC side by the photovoltaic inverter power panel during the testing process. This represents the theoretical maximum power point power of the IV curve simulated by a photovoltaic cell simulation source under standard test conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, while monitoring the DC-side parameters, the MCU controller simultaneously monitors and records the voltage values ​​at the AC-side voltage sampling points and the current values ​​at the AC-side current sampling points of the photovoltaic inverter power board through another set of channels of the ADC module, obtaining AC output waveform data under standard test conditions. Subsequently, the MCU controller performs numerical integration on the collected DC-side voltage and current values ​​to calculate the average power actually drawn by the photovoltaic inverter power board from the DC side, and at the same time obtains the theoretical maximum power point power of the current IV curve from the parameters returned by the photovoltaic cell analog source communication protocol.

[0047] S4.3 The MCU master controller sends instructions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate high temperature and low irradiance conditions through the UART interface. The MCU master controller calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under high temperature and low irradiance conditions. The MCU master controller integrates the performance parameters under various operating conditions to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results.

[0048] Specifically, the expression is, ; in, This represents the attenuation of the maximum power point tracking efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power panel under high temperature and low irradiance conditions relative to standard test conditions. This represents the maximum power point tracking efficiency of a photovoltaic inverter power panel measured under high temperature and low irradiance conditions.

[0049] Furthermore, the MCU master controller sends a high-temperature, low-irradiance condition setting command containing parameters of 75 degrees Celsius and 500 watts per square meter to the photovoltaic cell simulation source via the UART interface. The photovoltaic cell simulation source switches its output to the corresponding IV characteristic curve. The MCU master controller calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under the high-temperature, low-irradiance condition using the same method. The MCU master controller combines the MPPT efficiency under the standard test condition and the MPPT efficiency under the high-temperature, low-irradiance condition with the MPPT efficiency values, efficiency decay values, and AC side harmonic analysis results obtained under the two operating conditions to generate operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results that include performance scoring and pass / fail determination.

[0050] The S5 and MCU main controllers store the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results to the built-in card via the SDIO interface, and send the data to the mobile phone via the Bluetooth module through the UART interface.

[0051] S5.1 The MCU main controller combines the analyzed voltage sampling value, operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results into a complete detection record. The MCU main controller writes the complete detection record to the built-in card for storage through the SDIO interface.

[0052] Furthermore, the MCU controller combines the analyzed DC bus voltage sampling point voltage sample values, AC output voltage sampling point voltage sample values, IGBT drive voltage sampling point voltage sample values, reference voltage sampling point voltage sample values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results with predefined binary data format. The combined data includes a data packet header, each parameter data segment, and a checksum, forming a complete detection record with a complete frame structure. The MCU controller sends a write command and a data block of the complete detection record to the built-in card through the clock and data lines of the SDIO interface. The built-in card writes the received data block to the storage sector and returns a write success status, completing the storage process of the complete detection record.

[0053] S5.2 The MCU main controller transmits the complete detection record to the Bluetooth module through the UART interface; the Bluetooth module then sends the complete detection record to the mobile phone wirelessly.

[0054] Furthermore, the MCU main controller transmits the complete detection record as a serial data stream to the Bluetooth module's data receiving pin via the UART interface's transmit pin. The data transmission adopts a transparent transmission mode and follows the Bluetooth module's communication protocol format. After receiving the complete detection record, the Bluetooth module encapsulates and modulates the complete detection record according to the Bluetooth communication protocol through its internal wireless radio frequency unit. The encapsulated data packet is then sent wirelessly to the established mobile client application via the antenna. The mobile client application parses and displays the received data packet, completing the transmission process of the complete detection record to the mobile phone.

[0055] S6. The MCU main controller sends the detection result information to the serial port screen for display through the UART interface. After completing a single detection, the MCU main controller controls each module to reset and waits for the next start button signal.

[0056] S6.1 The MCU master controller sends the detection result information to the serial port screen through the UART interface. The serial port screen receives and displays the detection result information. After the detection result information is displayed, the MCU master controller sends a shutdown output command to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface.

[0057] Furthermore, the MCU master controller sends a display instruction data packet containing the detection result information to the serial port screen via the UART interface. The data packet adopts the communication protocol format defined by the serial port screen manufacturer and contains display coordinates and font attribute parameters. After receiving the data packet, the serial port screen parses the text and graphic information in it and displays the detection result information on the LCD screen. When the MCU master controller confirms that the display operation is completed through a delay function, it immediately sends a shutdown output command to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface. After receiving the command, the photovoltaic cell simulation source stops outputting and enters standby mode.

[0058] S6.2 The MCU master controller performs synchronization operations on the built-in card files through the SDIO interface, and writes the current timestamp of the external RTC to a specific register through the IIC interface to complete the log recording.

[0059] Furthermore, the MCU controller sends a synchronization command to the built-in card via the SDIO interface to force the data in the file system cache to be written to the physical storage medium, ensuring that the complete detection record is persistently stored. At the same time, the MCU controller writes the current timestamp data to the clock chip register of the external RTC via the IIC interface. The timestamp data contains the year, month, day, hour, minute, and second information and is marked as the log recording time of this detection. After the operation is completed, the external RTC returns a write success response signal.

[0060] S6.3 The MCU master controller restores all peripheral states to the initial ready state, and the MCU master controller restarts monitoring the level changes of the start button through the ordinary input IO interface.

[0061] Furthermore, the MCU controller sends a sleep command to the scanner via the UART interface, sends a disconnect command to the Bluetooth module via the UART interface, switches the built-in card to a low-power state via the SDIO interface, and maintains the normal operation of the external RTC via the IIC interface. After restoring all peripheral states, the MCU controller reconfigures the ordinary input I / O interface to a high-impedance input mode and enables the internal pull-up resistors, restarting the loop monitoring of the start button's level change. When the start button's level changes from high to low, a new round of detection is triggered.

[0062] This embodiment also provides an automatic detection system for photovoltaic inverter power boards, including: The communication initialization module connects to the 220V power grid input, which is converted to the working voltage via the buck step-down circuit. The MCU main controller is powered on and completes the communication initialization with the built-in card, external RTC, serial port screen, barcode scanner and Bluetooth module. The process triggering module allows the MCU master controller to capture the pressed signal of the start button through the input IO interface, triggering the detection process. The MCU master controller also receives the photovoltaic inverter power board identification barcode information from the barcode scanner through the UART interface. The static parameter detection module uses an MCU main controller to control the ADC module to acquire data from four voltage sampling points and analyze the voltage sampling values. The dynamic performance testing module uses the MCU main controller to send commands to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface to simulate different operating conditions and simultaneously monitor the power board response to obtain the operating condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results. The transmission module, controlled by the MCU, stores the analyzed voltage sampling values, operating condition simulation parameters, and performance judgment results to the built-in card via the SDIO interface, and sends the data to the mobile phone via the Bluetooth module through the UART interface; The control module, MCU master controller, sends the detection result information to the serial port screen for display through the UART interface. After a single detection is completed, the MCU master controller controls each module to reset and waits for the next start button signal.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0064] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the automatic detection method for photovoltaic inverter power boards as proposed in the above embodiments. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0066] In summary, this invention connects to a 220V power grid and converts the power supply via a buck circuit. The MCU master controller initializes the storage, clock, display, barcode scanning, and communication modules. The detection process is triggered by monitoring the start button signal, and the power board's identity information is bound by barcode scanning. The ADC module is controlled to simultaneously collect data from four key voltage points and compare them with preset thresholds for static performance analysis. By controlling the photovoltaic cell simulation source to simulate standard and high-temperature, low-irradiance operating conditions, the DC / AC response of the power board is monitored simultaneously. The MPPT efficiency calculation and attenuation rate analysis model are used to achieve dynamic performance evaluation and judgment. All detection data are combined into a complete record for local storage and wirelessly transmitted to a mobile phone via Bluetooth. The final result is displayed on a serial port screen. After completion, the system automatically resets each module and re-triggers the signal, realizing automated integrated testing of the power board's static parameters and dynamic operating performance, remote data interaction, and efficient batch testing.

[0067] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic inverter power board automatic detection method, characterized in that: Comprising, 220V power grid input is turned on, converted into working voltage via buck down circuit, MCU main control is powered on and completes communication initialization with built-in card, external RTC, serial screen, scanning gun and Bluetooth module, including the following steps, MCU main control captures the pressed signal of start button through input IO interface, triggers detection process, MCU main control receives photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode information from scanning gun through UART interface, MCU main control controls ADC module to collect data of 4-way voltage sampling points, and analyzes voltage sampling value, MCU main control sends instructions to photovoltaic cell simulation source through UART interface, simulates different working conditions and synchronously monitors power panel response, obtains working condition simulation parameters and performance determination results, MCU main control stores analyzed voltage sampling value, working condition simulation parameters and performance determination results to built-in card through SDIO interface, and sends data to mobile phone through Bluetooth module through UART interface, MCU main control sends detection result information to serial screen through UART interface for display, after single detection, MCU main control controls each module to reset, and waits for next start button signal.

2. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 1, wherein: 220V power grid input is turned on, converted into working voltage via buck down circuit, MCU main control is powered on and completes communication initialization with built-in card, external RTC, serial screen, scanning gun and Bluetooth module, including the following steps, 220V power grid input is turned on, 220V power grid input enters buck down circuit, buck down circuit converts 220V power grid input into working voltage, working voltage powers MCU main control, MCU main control is powered on, and completes communication initialization with built-in card through SDIO interface; MCU main control completes communication initialization with external RTC through IIC interface, MCU main control completes communication initialization with serial screen through UART interface, MCU main control completes communication initialization with scanning gun through UART interface, and MCU main control completes communication initialization with Bluetooth module through UART interface.

3. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 2, wherein: MCU main control captures the pressed signal of start button through input IO interface, triggers detection process, MCU main control receives photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode information from scanning gun through UART interface, including the following steps, MCU main control continuously monitors the level state of start button through input IO interface, when the level state of start button changes from high level to low level, MCU main control captures the pressed signal of start button, MCU main control captures the pressed signal of start button, and triggers detection process after capturing the pressed signal of start button; after detection process is triggered, MCU main control sends ready instruction to scanning gun through UART interface, scanning gun receives ready instruction, and performs optical scanning on photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode; Scanning gun transmits photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode information to MCU main control through UART interface, and MCU main control receives photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode information from scanning gun through UART interface.

4. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 3, wherein: The MCU master controls the ADC module to collect data of the four voltage sampling points, and analyzes the voltage sampling values, including the following steps, The MCU master sends a collection instruction of the four voltage sampling points to the ADC module through an SPI interface, the ADC module synchronously collects data of the four voltage sampling points according to the collection instruction, and the ADC module transmits the collection data of the four voltage sampling points to the MCU master through the SPI interface; The voltage threshold is set based on the working voltage range of each sampling point specified in the technical specification of the photovoltaic inverter power board; The MCU master receives the collection data of the four voltage sampling points and converts them into voltage sampling values, compares the voltage sampling values with the preset voltage threshold, and judges the electrical characteristics of the four voltage sampling points according to the comparison result.

5. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 4, wherein: The MCU master sends an instruction to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through a UART interface, simulates different working conditions, synchronously monitors the response of the power board, obtains working condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results, including the following steps, The MCU master sends an instruction to simulate standard test conditions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through a UART interface, the photovoltaic cell simulation source outputs the corresponding IV characteristic curve according to the instruction to simulate standard test conditions, and the MCU master synchronously monitors and records the direct current side voltage and direct current side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under the standard test conditions through the ADC module; The MCU master synchronously monitors and records the alternating current side voltage and alternating current side current of the photovoltaic inverter power board under the standard test conditions through the ADC module, and calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under the standard test conditions; The MCU master sends an instruction to simulate high-temperature low-irradiance conditions to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through a UART interface, calculates the MPPT efficiency of the photovoltaic inverter power board under high-temperature low-irradiance conditions, and obtains the working condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results by comprehensively considering the performance parameters under various working conditions.

6. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 5, wherein: The MCU master stores the analyzed voltage sampling values, working condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results into the built-in card through an SDIO interface, and sends the data to the mobile phone through the Bluetooth module through a UART interface, including the following steps, The MCU master combines the analyzed voltage sampling values, working condition simulation parameters and performance judgment results into a complete detection record, and stores the complete detection record in the built-in card through the SDIO interface; The MCU master transmits the complete detection record to the Bluetooth module through the UART interface; the Bluetooth module sends the complete detection record to the mobile phone in a wireless communication mode.

7. The photovoltaic inverter power panel auto-detection method of claim 6, wherein: The MCU master sends the detection result information to the serial screen through the UART interface for display, after a single detection is completed, the MCU master controls the modules to reset, and waits for the next start button signal, including the following steps, The MCU master sends the detection result information to the serial screen through the UART interface, the serial screen receives and displays the detection result information, and the MCU master sends a shutdown instruction to the photovoltaic cell simulation source through the UART interface after the display of the detection result information is completed; MCU master control through SDIO interface to synchronize the card file operation, MCU master control through IIC interface to write the current time stamp of external RTC into a specific register to complete the log record; MCU master control to restore all peripheral state to the initial ready state, MCU master control through the normal input IO interface to start monitoring the level state change of the button.

8. A photovoltaic inverter power board automatic detection system based on the photovoltaic inverter power board automatic detection method of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Including, Communication initialization module, turn on 220V power grid input, via buck down voltage circuit conversion into working voltage, MCU master control power on and complete the communication initialization with built-in card, external RTC, serial screen, scanning gun and Bluetooth module; Process trigger module, MCU master control through input IO interface to capture the start button pressed signal, trigger detection process, MCU master control through UART interface to receive photovoltaic inverter power panel identity barcode information from scanning gun; Static parameter detection module, MCU master control controls ADC module to collect data from 4 voltage sampling points, and analyzes the voltage sampling value; Dynamic performance test module, MCU master control sends instructions to photovoltaic cell simulation source through UART interface, simulates different working conditions and synchronously monitors power panel response, obtains working condition simulation parameters and performance determination results; Transmission module, MCU master control stores the analyzed voltage sampling value, working condition simulation parameters and performance determination results to built-in card through SDIO interface, and sends data to mobile phone through Bluetooth module through UART interface; Control module, MCU master control sends detection result information to serial screen through UART interface for display, after single detection, MCU master control controls each module to reset, and waits for next start button signal. 9.A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer device is characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the photovoltaic inverter power panel automatic detection method in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the photovoltaic inverter power panel automatic detection method in any one of claims 1-7.

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