Compositions for enhancing learning, memory and / or cognitive function and uses thereof

Abstract

The application provides a composition for improving learning memory and / or cognitive function and application thereof. The composition of the application comprises alpha-glycerophosphocholine and galactose, wherein the mass ratio of the alpha-glycerophosphocholine to the galactose is 1:(8-100).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional nutrient research technology, specifically to a composition that helps improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Learning, memory, and cognitive function are influenced by multiple factors, including but not limited to developmental / aging processes, sleep and psychological stress, metabolic and inflammatory states, decreased neural network plasticity, and exposure to environmental toxins. Existing intervention pathways mainly focus on single nutrients or pharmacological mechanisms, which have limitations in terms of target sites, applicable populations, and patient compliance, making it difficult to achieve stable and broad-spectrum improvements in memory decline scenarios caused by multiple factors. Meanwhile, food-grade, scalable, and palatable combination nutritional solutions remain insufficient at the preclinical and translational levels, indicating an urgent need for research and development in this area. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a composition that helps to enhance and / or improve learning, memory and / or cognitive function.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide relevant applications of the composition.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a safe and effective composition that can effectively enhance or improve learning, memory and cognitive functions, especially improving the expression of spatial memory and neurodevelopment-related markers.

[0006] The inventors of this case have found that the combination of α-glycine choline (α-GPC) and galactose can enhance an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive function, especially having a synergistic effect in improving the decline in learning, memory and / or cognitive function.

[0007] α-Glycophosphocholine is a choline donor and participates in the synthesis of acetylcholine and membrane phospholipids. Galactose, a dietary monosaccharide obtained from lactose hydrolysis, can serve as a readily available energy substrate for brain tissue. Existing technologies often utilize α-galactose alone or in combination with other components. Animal studies frequently use D-galactose via intraperitoneal injection to induce subacute aging / cognitive impairment models. However, this invention has found that oral administration of α-glycophosphocholine (α-GPC) in combination with galactose can enhance learning, memory, and / or cognitive function.

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a composition that helps to enhance and / or improve an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive function, the composition comprising α-phosphocholine and galactose, wherein the mass ratio of α-phosphocholine to galactose is 1:(8-100).

[0009] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of α-glycine phosphate to galactose is 1:(16-100).

[0010] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of α-glycine phosphate to galactose is 1:(20-40).

[0011] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of α-glycine phosphate to galactose is 1:(60-80).

[0012] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the composition of the present invention that helps to enhance and / or improve individual learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, the α-glucosinolate is L-α-glucosinolate. The raw material for providing the α-glucosinolate can be commercially available α-glucosinolate raw material with high purity, usually provided by animal milk (cow's milk, goat's milk, buffalo milk, camel milk) or obtained through enrichment extraction from animal milk; it can also be provided by chemical synthesis, specifically using polyphosphoric acid, choline chloride, R-3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, sodium hydroxide, and water as raw materials, which undergo condensation and esterification reactions, followed by decolorization, impurity removal, concentration, purification, and drying processes. Unless otherwise specified, the ratio of α-glucosinolate to other active ingredients in the composition of the present invention is based on the content of α-glucosinolate in the raw materials.

[0013] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the composition of the present invention that helps to enhance and / or improve individual learning, memory, and / or cognitive function, the galactose is D-galactose. D-galactose is commercially available and can be obtained from exogenous or endogenous enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose. In individuals with good lactose digestion, it can be derived from equimolar amounts of lactose (i.e., galactose produced by the breakdown of lactose by endogenous lactase in the body after lactose ingestion), or from commercially available galacto-oligosaccharide raw materials, or from processed or unprocessed foods containing galactose polymers.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a food that helps improve individual memory, wherein the food contains the composition described in the present invention.

[0015] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food of the present invention is a nutritional product, health food, or food for special medical purposes. The nutritional product, health food, or food for special medical purposes may be in the form of oral liquid, powder, capsule, etc. The nutritional product described in the present invention refers to an oral product that, with the purpose and mission of nutritional science, can provide or develop human nutritional and health potential, and helps individuals to be in a good nutritional state, thereby contributing to individual health.

[0016] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food of the present invention is a dairy product, such as liquid milk, modified milk, yogurt, cheese, modified milk powder, milk powder, milk beverage, solid beverage, convenience food or candy.

[0017] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food of the present invention contains 10-4000 mg / 100g of α-phosphocholine and 0.2-96 g / 100g of dry matter.

[0018] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food of the present invention contains 50-3500 mg / 100g of dry matter containing α-glucosamine.

[0019] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the amount of α-glucosinolate in the food of the present invention is 100-3000 mg / 100g of dry matter.

[0020] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food of the present invention contains 150-2800 mg / 100g of dry matter, for example, 150-500 mg / 100g of dry matter, 500-1000 mg / 100g of dry matter, 1000-1500 mg / 100g of dry matter, 1500-2000 mg / 100g of dry matter, or 2000-2500 mg / 100g of dry matter. Alternatively, the food may be prepared according to the individual's weight corresponding to the food, at an amount of 10-150 mg / kg body weight, preferably 10-100 mg / kg body weight, more preferably 10-50 mg / kg body weight, and more preferably 12-30 mg / kg body weight.

[0021] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the food containing galactose of the present invention contains 1-90g / 100g of dry matter, for example 2-85g / 100g, 5-15g / 100g, 15-28g / 100g, 28-72g / 100g, 28-48g / 100g, or 48-72g / 100g. Alternatively, the food may be prepared based on an energy contribution ratio of galactose in the food of 0.1%-10%, preferably 0.2%-8%, more preferably 2%-8%, or 3%-6%.

[0022] It is understandable that, for different types of food, the content of various functional substances in the final product should be appropriately adjusted within the range allowed by relevant standards and regulations.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides the use of the composition in the preparation of products that help enhance and / or improve an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive functions.

[0024] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the contribution to improving and / or enhancing an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive functions includes: contributing to improving an individual's spatial learning, memory and / or cognitive functions.

[0025] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the assistance in enhancing and / or improving an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive functions includes: helping to mitigate and / or delay the decline in an individual's spatial learning, memory and / or cognitive functions.

[0026] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the benefits of enhancing and / or improving an individual's learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions include: helping to improve neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus region.

[0027] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the application of the present invention, the contribution to improving and / or enhancing an individual's learning, memory and / or cognitive functions includes: contributing to improving the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers (e.g., BDNF, Gap43 and / or GR1A1) in the individual.

[0028] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, in its application, the individual is a person or an animal. The person may be, for example, a child, adolescent, or adult. The animal is preferably a mammal.

[0029] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the product can be a pharmaceutical product used to treat and / or improve an individual's learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions, particularly treating and / or improving learning, memory, and / or cognitive function decline caused by lead exposure. In addition to α-glycine choline and galactose, the pharmaceutical product of the present invention may also include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, including excipients, diluents, fillers, and / or absorption enhancers. The pharmaceutical product may be in different forms according to the needs of the recipient, such as powders, tablets, granules, microcapsules, and / or liquid formulations.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of this invention, a lead-exposed growth animal model was constructed, and a 28-day nutritional intervention was conducted to observe the technical effects of the composition described in this invention on improving learning, memory, and cognitive function. The results showed that the combined application of a specific ratio of galactose and α-glycine choline could better exert a synergistic effect, further improving spatial learning and memory (increasing platform distance, platform time, and platform count in the Morris water maze test), improving the expression of genes related to hippocampal neural development and synaptic function, enhancing learning and memory abilities and cognitive function, and exhibiting a certain synergistic effect. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a water maze.

[0032] Figure 2 This demonstrates the impact of the intervention on the platform's path.

[0033] Figure 3 This shows the effect of the intervention on the time of the platform region.

[0034] Figure 4 This shows the effect of the intervention on the number of times the platform was used.

[0035] Figure 5 This demonstrates the effect of the intervention on markers related to hippocampal neural development. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Before further describing specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below; it should also be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for describing specific embodiments and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the present invention, the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0039] As used herein, the term "enhancement of learning, memory, and / or cognitive function" means the ability to improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function compared to the same response in the absence of the composition comprising α-glycine phosphocholine and galactose of the present invention. This includes, but is not limited to, enhancing spatial learning and memory abilities (including spatial short-term memory, long-term memory, memory recall, and / or memory recognition), enhancing cognitive abilities, mitigating and / or delaying the decline in spatial learning, memory, and / or cognitive function in an individual, improving hippocampal neural development and synaptic function, and promoting the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers (e.g., BDNF, Gap 43, and / or GR1A1). In relation to any beneficial effects on learning, memory, cognitive function, and neural development, the term "enhancement" is synonymous with "strengthening," "improving," or "promoting." In some embodiments of the present invention, particularly in cases where an individual's learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions are declining or threatened, the term "improving learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions" refers to the effect of reducing, mitigating, or alleviating the degree of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions, or reducing the risk of decline or threat to learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions, including but not limited to: alleviating adverse symptoms associated with declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or preventing the onset of symptoms before they occur; slowing down or stopping the progression of declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or stopping the worsening of the degree of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; slowing down or stopping irreversible damage in the progressive (or chronic) phase of declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; delaying the onset of (progressive) decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; reducing the severity of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions; restoring declining learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions to normal levels; and preventing the occurrence of decline in learning, memory, and / or cognitive functions. The term “decline in learning, memory and / or cognitive function” as used in this article refers to a decline or deterioration in the ability to learn, remember and / or cognitive function, to the point that it is difficult to maintain or achieve normal function without intervention. Some common signs of decline in learning, memory and / or cognitive function include confusion, poor motor coordination, loss of short-term or long-term memory, identity confusion and / or impaired judgment.

[0040] As used herein, the term "individual" means any animal or human who may benefit from the products of this invention that help improve learning, memory, and / or cognitive function. Generally, when an individual is a human, it can be an infant, child, adolescent, or adult. The term "individual" refers to a human aged 0-3 years from birth, the term "child" refers to a human aged 3-15 years from birth, the term "adolescent" refers to a human aged 12-18 years from birth, and the term "adult" refers to a human aged 18 years or older from birth. When an individual is an animal, it includes, but is not limited to, birds, bovines, canines, equines, felines, goats, wolves, rodents, sheep, and pigs, preferably mammals.

[0041] In addition to the specific methods, equipment, and materials used in the embodiments, based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art and the description of this invention, any prior art methods, equipment, and materials similar to or equivalent to those described, equipment, and materials in the embodiments of this invention can be used to implement this invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise stated, the experimental methods, detection methods and preparation methods disclosed in this invention all adopt conventional techniques in this technical field.

[0043] In all embodiments and experiments, the α-phosphocholine and D-galactose used were commercially available food-grade raw materials. Unless otherwise specified, the α-phosphocholine and D-galactose mentioned in this invention are based on the effective content of the active components α-phosphocholine and D-galactose in the raw materials.

[0044] Experimental study on the efficacy of the composition in improving individual learning, memory, and cognitive function

[0045] In this experiment, a growth animal model of lead exposure was constructed, and a 28-day nutritional intervention was conducted to observe the technical effects of the composition described in this invention on improving learning, memory, and cognitive function.

[0046] The experiment included five groups: a normal control group (no lead exposure, normal AIN93G diet) of growing animals, representing normal levels of learning, memory, cognitive function, and neurodevelopment-related indicators in experimental animals; a model group (lead exposure, normal AIN93G diet) of growing animals, representing a group with declining learning, memory, and cognitive function; a galactose intervention group, which, in addition to the model group, had half of the sucrose replaced by galactose in the AIN93G diet, achieving an energy ratio of 5%; and an α-GPC intervention group, which, in addition to the model group, received 120 mg / kg / day of α-GPC via gavage.

[0047] The galactose + α-GPC combined group, based on the model group, had half of the sucrose replaced by galactose in the AIN93G feed, achieving an energy ratio of 5%, and was simultaneously administered 120 mg / kg / d of α-GPC by gavage.

[0048] The comparative results of the above experiments show that the combined intervention of galactose and α-GPC in a specific ratio can produce a synergistic effect, which can further improve the decline in spatial learning and memory caused by lead exposure (increasing the platform distance, platform area time and platform number in the water maze test), improve the expression of genes related to neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus (increasing the expression levels of BDNF, Gap 43 and GR1A1), enhance learning and memory ability and cognitive function, and has a certain synergistic effect.

[0049] The normal control group (no lead exposure, normal AIN93G diet) consisted of growing animals, representing the normal levels of learning, memory, cognitive function, and neurodevelopment-related indicators in experimental animals. The model group (lead exposure, normal AIN93G diet) consisted of growing animals, representing the group with decreased learning, memory, and cognitive function.

[0050] 1. Animal husbandry

[0051] Sixty three-week-old female SD rats were purchased from Beijing SPF Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and housed in the animal facility of China Agricultural University. During the experiment, the animal facility was kept quiet, clean, well-ventilated, and under suitable lighting conditions, with a light-dark cycle of 12 hours, a temperature of 22 ± 1°C, and a relative humidity of 50–60%.

[0052] Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 12 rats in each group: normal group (AIN93G diet), model group (orally administered 200 mg / kg / d lead acetate and AIN93G diet), galactose group (in addition to the model group, halved sucrose was replaced by galactose in the AIN93G diet, achieving an energy ratio of 5%), α-GPC group (in addition to the model group, 120 mg / kg / d α-GPC was administered by gavage), and galactose + α-GPC group (in addition to the model group, halved sucrose was replaced by galactose in the AIN93G diet, achieving an energy ratio of 5%, and 120 mg / kg / d α-GPC was administered by gavage simultaneously). The diets and intervention details for each group are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1. Feed and intervention details for each group

[0054]

[0055] Note: (1) According to the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (2023), the energy requirement for children aged 3-15 years is 1150-2950 kcal. Based on the galactose energy ratio in animal feed of 5%, the daily galactose intake of children is approximately 14-36 g.

[0056] (2) Based on the reference weight range of 11.5-66.6 kg for children aged 3-15 years, the daily α-GPC intake of children is approximately 219-1268.6 mg.

[0057] (3) Based on the equivalence of the population diet, and estimating the energy requirement of a 3-year-old girl at 1150 kcal / d, when the energy ratio of galactose is 5%, the corresponding mass of galactose is about 14.375 g / d. The composition of the present invention, as a nutritional product (e.g., a nutritional supplement), can be designed with a mass ratio of galactose to α-GPC of about 66:1. Based on the energy requirement of a 15-year-old girl at 2100 kcal / d, when the energy ratio of galactose is 5%, the corresponding mass of galactose is about 26.25 g / d. The composition of the present invention, as a nutritional supplement, can be designed with a mass ratio of galactose to α-GPC of about 21:1.

[0058] 2. Water Maze Experiment: An Analysis of Spatial Memory and Cognitive Ability

[0059] By utilizing rats' fear of water, their spatial memory and color recognition abilities were analyzed based on indicators such as the distance they traveled to quickly find a platform and their latency. Experimental equipment included... Figure 1 As shown.

[0060] Training Phase: Experimental animals are placed into different areas along their tails, and cameras are used to calculate their trajectories. This training process will last 4-5 days. The spatial learning ability of the rats is analyzed based on indicators such as latency and distance traveled. If the rat climbs onto the platform within 2 minutes, the starting time is terminated; if it fails to climb onto the platform after 2 minutes, it is guided to do so by the experimenter and removed after 10 seconds of learning.

[0061] Testing phase: After training, the experimental animals were placed in water along the side wall opposite the platform. A camera was used to record the trajectory of the experimental rats within 60 seconds. The cognitive abilities of the experimental rats were analyzed based on the number of times the experimental animals crossed the platform area, the trajectory distance, and the duration.

[0062] 3. Relative mRNA expression levels of genes related to neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus

[0063] (1) Sample collection and tissue section preparation of rats

[0064] After completing the behavioral experiment, all rats were anesthetized and euthanized. Following anesthesia, the sternum was opened to both ends, and blood was drawn from the apex of the heart using a syringe.

[0065] Sample collection for cryopreservation: A syringe was slowly inserted into the apex of the heart to inject 50 ml of physiological saline for perfusion until the rat's lungs turned white and showed no signs of congestion. The decapitated rat was placed in an icebox. The hair was cut along the sagittal direction, and the skull was carefully cut open using large shears. The meninges surrounding the brain tissue were removed using ophthalmic forceps. The anterior third of the brain was carefully selected using forceps along the sagittal direction, and then cut coronally to remove the frontal cortex, removing any excess tissue. Cortical tissue was then collected posteriorly along the sagittal direction. The hippocampus was carefully removed using forceps, and excess ash was removed from the tissue before cryopreservation.

[0066] (2) RNA extraction from tissue samples

[0067] Homogenization: The tissue was ground and pulverized in liquid nitrogen, and then homogenized by adding lysis buffer;

[0068] Separation: Add an equal volume of chloroform to separate the aqueous and organic phases. Centrifuge the homogenate at 12000g for 20min and collect the supernatant.

[0069] Precipitation: Wash RNA with isopropanol and 75% ethanol, then centrifuge at 12000g for 10 min;

[0070] Drying: Remove the supernatant diagonally and dry the precipitate;

[0071] Dissolve: Dissolve the RNA in RNase-free water.

[0072] 4. Statistical methods

[0073] All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8 software. One-way ANOVA was used to compare multiple groups, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0074] 5. Experimental Results

[0075] 5.1 Water Maze: An Analysis of Spatial Learning, Memory, and Cognitive Abilities

[0076] Specific results are shown in Table 2 and Figures 2-4 During the space exploration phase, compared with the normal control group, all indicators of the model group (platform distance, platform area time and number of platforms) were significantly lower than those of the normal control group (P<0.05), indicating that lead exposure caused a decline in spatial learning memory and cognitive ability, and the model was successfully established.

[0077] Compared with the model group, the galactose group and the α-GPC group showed significant improvements in platform distance, platform area time, and platform number (P<0.05), indicating that single-group intervention with galactose and α-GPC can improve the decline in spatial learning and memory caused by lead exposure.

[0078] Compared with the galactose group and the α-GPC intervention group, the galactose and α-GPC combined treatment group showed an increasing trend in the number of plateaus, and the plateau distance and plateau time were significantly increased; and the plateau area in the galactose + α-GPC group was also significantly increased compared with the normal control group, achieving an effect that exceeded that of the normal control group.

[0079] The above results indicate that galactose and α-GPC can have a synergistic effect, which can further improve the decline in spatial learning and memory caused by lead exposure, enhance learning and memory ability, and achieve unexpected improvement in learning, memory and cognitive function.

[0080] Table 2. Effects of different groups on spatial learning, memory, and cognitive abilities

[0081]

[0082] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences.

[0083] 5.2 Effects of hippocampal neural development-related markers

[0084] The relative expression levels of mRNAs of genes related to neurodevelopment in the hippocampus were analyzed in conjunction with their impact on behavioral function. Specific results are shown in Table 3 and... Figure 5 .

[0085] Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophic protein family and plays an important role in neuronal growth, differentiation, survival, and post-injury repair. BDNF can regulate proteins related to neurogenesis, learning and memory, and neuronal survival, and plays a crucial role in synaptic structure and function as well as neurogenesis. Its expression level is positively correlated with cognitive function. In terms of BDNF mRNA expression levels, compared with the normal control group, the expression level of BDNF in the model group was significantly reduced (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the galactose group, α-GPC group, and galactose + α-GPC group all showed significant upregulation (P<0.05); and compared with the galactose group and α-GPC group, the galactose + α-GPC group showed a further upregulation trend. These results suggest that galactose and α-GPC have a synergistic effect in improving BDNF expression and can synergistically enhance cognitive function.

[0086] Glutamate receptors are important indicators for measuring synaptic signal transduction. In the GRIA1 mRNA expression level results, compared with the normal control group, the GRIA1 expression level in the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the galactose group only showed an increasing trend in GRIA1 mRNA expression level, but the difference was not statistically significant. The α-GPC group significantly increased the GRIA1 mRNA expression level, but it was still significantly lower than the normal control group. The galactose + α-GPC group further significantly increased GRIA1 mRNA expression, reaching levels close to those of the normal control group, with no significant difference compared to the normal control group. These results suggest that galactose and α-GPC have a certain synergistic effect on glutamate receptors.

[0087] Gap 43 is involved in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and axonal regeneration, participating in axonal elongation and activation of axonal regeneration. The gap43 gene is located in the growth cone and distal portion of neurites; its expression significantly increases during axonal development and regeneration. In the results of Gap 43 mRNA expression levels, compared with the normal control group, the expression level of Gap 43 in the model group showed a decreasing trend. Compared with the model group, the galactose group and the α-GPC group had no significant effect on the mRNA expression level of Gap 43, but the galactose + α-GPC group significantly increased the mRNA expression level of Gap 43; and compared with the normal control group, it also significantly increased, exceeding the effect of the normal control group.

[0088] The above results indicate that lead exposure inhibits neural development and affects the function of neural synapses. The combined intervention of galactose and α-GPC can synergistically affect the expression of BDNF, Gap 43 and GR1A1, reaching or even exceeding the levels of the normal control group, further improving the expression of genes related to neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus, improving spatial learning and memory, and enhancing cognitive abilities.

[0089] Table 3. Effects of mRNA expression levels of hippocampal neural development and synaptic function-related markers in different groups

[0090]

[0091] Note: Different letters in the table indicate significant differences.

[0092] The above experiments showed that, compared with the model group, the plateau distance, plateau region time and number of plateaus were significantly improved in the galactose intervention group (P<0.05), and the expression level of BDNF was significantly increased. However, GRIA1 and Gap 43 had no significant effect, suggesting that galactose intervention alone has a certain improving effect on lead exposure-induced decline in learning, memory and cognitive function. However, the expression levels of some neurodevelopment-related markers are still significantly different from those in the normal control group.

[0093] In the α-GPC intervention group, compared with the model group, the platform distance, platform area time and number of platforms were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the expression levels of BDNF and GRIA1 were significantly increased. However, compared with the normal control group, GRIA1 was still significantly reduced, suggesting that α-GPC intervention alone has a certain improving effect on lead exposure-induced decline in learning, memory and cognitive function. However, the expression levels of some neurodevelopmental markers are still significantly different from those of the normal control group.

[0094] In the galactose + α-GPC combined group, compared with the model control group, plateau distance, plateau region time, and plateau frequency were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the expression levels of BDNF and GRIA1 were significantly increased. Compared with the galactose group and the α-GPC group, the combined intervention group showed an increasing trend in plateau distance and plateau frequency, and a significant increase in plateau trend time. Compared with the normal control group, the plateau distance and plateau trend time were also significantly improved. The results of neurodevelopmental markers also showed that compared with the galactose group and the α-GPC group, the galactose + α-GPC group further upregulated BDNF, Gap 43, and GRIA1, reaching levels close to or exceeding those of the normal control group.

[0095] The comparative results of the above experiments show that the combined intervention of galactose and α-GPC in a specific ratio can produce a synergistic effect, which can further improve the decline in spatial learning and memory caused by lead exposure (increasing the platform distance, platform area time and platform number in the water maze test), improve the expression of genes related to neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus (increasing the expression levels of BDNF, Gap 43 and GR1A1), enhance learning and memory ability and cognitive function, and has a certain synergistic effect.

[0096] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a composition consisting of α-phosphocholine and galactose in the preparation of products that help improve memory in growing individuals, characterized in that, The mass ratio of α-glycine choline to galactose is 1:(8-100).

2. The application of a food product in the preparation of a product that helps improve memory in growing individuals, characterized in that, The food contains a composition consisting of α-phosphoric acid choline and galactose as an active ingredient to help improve memory in growing individuals, wherein the mass ratio of α-phosphoric acid choline to galactose is 1:(8-100).

3. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of α-glycine choline to galactose is 1:(16-100).

4. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The α-phosphoric acid choline is L-α-phosphoric acid choline, and the galactose is D-galactose.

5. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, Foods containing the aforementioned composition are nutritional supplements, health foods, or foods formulated for special medical purposes.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amount of α-phosphocholine in food ranges from 10 to 4000 mg / 100g of dry matter, and the amount of galactose ranges from 0.2 to 96 g / 100g of dry matter.

7. The use of a composition comprising α-glycine phosphate and galactose in the preparation of a medicament that helps improve cognitive function in growing individuals, characterized in that, The mass ratio of α-glycine choline to galactose is 1:(8-100).

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The benefits to improving cognitive function in growing individuals include: improving neural development and synaptic function in the hippocampus.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The benefits to improving cognitive function in growing individuals include: improving the expression levels of neurodevelopmental markers.

10. The application according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The individuals referred to are infants, children, or adolescents.

11. A composition for assisting in improving memory in individuals during their growth period, characterized in that, The composition consists of α-phosphocholine and galactose, wherein the mass ratio of α-phosphocholine to galactose is 1:(8-100).

12. The composition for assisting in improving memory in growing individuals according to claim 11, characterized in that, The mass ratio of α-glycine choline to galactose is 1:(16-100).

13. A food product that helps improve memory in individuals during their growth period, characterized in that, The food contains the composition according to claim 11 or 12 that helps improve memory in growing individuals.

Images