Plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, in particular to a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste. Determining whether the crushing treatment is qualified or not according to the particle size of the crushed fly ash waste; determining whether a water absorbing material is added or not according to the water content of the qualified fly ash waste; determining whether the stability of the mixed material is qualified or not based on the removed impurities in the mixed material subjected to magnetic separation treatment; if the stability of the mixed material is not qualified, determining whether the water content variation is qualified; according to the fact that the water content variation is unqualified, the mixed material is obtained to determine whether a humidifying material is added or not; and determining whether the uniformity is qualified or not based on the stability qualification of the mixed material and the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixed material, and then carrying out melting granulation. The technical problems of poor raw material adaptability and insufficient process stability caused by lack of parameter synergy when no fly ash waste and resin are compositely utilized are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic recycling technology, and in particular to a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid industrialization, the generation of industrial solid waste such as fly ash has increased dramatically, making its treatment and resource utilization a crucial issue in environmental protection and sustainable development. Fly ash is a major solid waste emitted by coal-fired power plants. Improper disposal not only occupies vast amounts of land but also causes environmental problems such as dust pollution and groundwater pollution. Meanwhile, the widespread use of plastic products has led to a sharp increase in waste plastics, placing increasing environmental pressure on traditional landfill and incineration methods. Therefore, developing a resource utilization technology that can co-process fly ash and plastic waste is of significant practical importance.

[0003] Currently, the main ways to utilize fly ash resources include applications in building materials, cement admixtures, and soil conditioners. However, these traditional utilization methods have the following limitations: they require high-quality fly ash, usually necessitating fine pretreatment; they have low added value and limited economic benefits; and in the field of plastic granulation, existing technologies mostly focus on the recycling of single plastics, with relatively little research on composite granulation technologies containing industrial waste such as fly ash.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN107877764A discloses a synthetic resin production apparatus, including a shell. A first slot is formed on the top of one side of the shell. A first horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell near the first slot. A vibrating motor and a high-temperature roller press are fixedly connected to the top of the first horizontal plate from left to right. A raw material screening device is fixedly connected to the top of the vibrating motor. A second slot is formed at the top of the first horizontal plate away from the first slot. A first groove is formed inside the first horizontal plate on the side of the second slot near the first slot. A first motor housing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first groove. A first motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first motor housing.

[0005] Therefore, it can be seen that the aforementioned synthetic resin production apparatus has the following problems: (1) It mainly targets the production of resin from a single raw material, without involving the co-processing and functional utilization of fly ash and organic waste (such as coffee grounds, tofu residue, rice husks, etc.). It cannot achieve synergistic effects such as moisture regulation and flame retardant enhancement through the combination of multiple wastes, thus limiting its application value in the field of solid waste resource utilization. (2) There is a lack of a quantitative evaluation system for key indicators of intermediate products. For example, parameters such as material uniformity, stability and viscosity are not included in the quality control scope. There is a lack of multi-level quality control methods such as uniformity evaluation based on the coefficient of variation and stability warning based on impurity content, which makes it difficult to ensure the performance consistency of the final product. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste to overcome the problems of poor raw material adaptability and insufficient process stability caused by the lack of parameter coordination when fly ash waste is compounded with resin in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste, comprising, Step S1: Based on the comparison between the particle size of the crushed fly ash waste and the preset particle size, determine whether the crushing treatment of fly ash waste is qualified. Step S2: Based on the comparison between the moisture content of the qualified fly ash waste after crushing and the preset moisture content, determine whether to add water-absorbing material to the fly ash waste. Step S3: Based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed from the mixture after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, determine whether the stability of the mixture is qualified. Step S4: Based on the fact that the stability of the mixture is not up to standard, determine the comparison result between the change in moisture content of the mixture and the preset change in moisture content, and determine whether the change in moisture content of the mixture is up to standard. Step S5: Based on the fact that the change in moisture content of the mixture is not up to standard, obtain the comparison result of the viscosity of the mixture with the preset viscosity to determine whether moisture-regulating material should be added to the mixture. Step S6: Based on the stability of the mixture being qualified, and the comparison result of the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture with the preset variation coefficient, determine whether the uniformity of the mixture is qualified, and then proceed with melt granulation.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the comparison between the particle size of the crushed fly ash waste and the preset particle size, it is determined whether the crushing treatment of the fly ash waste is qualified. If the particle size of the fly ash waste is larger than the preset particle size, the fly ash waste crushing treatment is deemed unqualified. If the particle size of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset particle size, the fly ash waste is deemed to have passed the crushing treatment.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the comparison between the moisture content of the crushed fly ash waste and the preset moisture content, it is determined whether to add water-absorbing materials to the fly ash waste. If the moisture content of the fly ash waste is greater than the preset moisture content, it is determined that water-absorbing material is added to the fly ash waste, and the moisture content of the mixture after adding the water-absorbing material is obtained. If the moisture content of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset moisture content, it is determined that no water-absorbing material is added to the fly ash waste, and the current moisture content is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed from the mixture after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be acceptable. If the amount of impurities removed from the mixture is less than or equal to the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the amount of impurities removed from the mixture is greater than the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the fact that the stability of the mixture is unqualified, the change in moisture content of the mixture is compared with the preset change in moisture content to determine whether the change in moisture content of the mixture is qualified. If the change in moisture content of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset change in moisture content, the change in moisture content of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the change in moisture content of the mixture is greater than the preset change in moisture content, the change in moisture content of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the fact that the moisture content change of the mixture is unqualified, the viscosity of the mixture is compared with the preset viscosity to determine whether a moisture-regulating agent should be added to the mixture. If the viscosity of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset viscosity, it is determined that no moisture-regulating agent is added to the mixture; If the viscosity of the mixture is greater than the preset viscosity, it is determined that a moisture-regulating agent will be added to the mixture.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the assumption that the stability of the mixture is acceptable, and by comparing the coefficient of variation of the mixture's uniformity with a preset coefficient of variation, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be acceptable. If the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset variation coefficient, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture is greater than the preset variation coefficient, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0014] Furthermore, the absorbent material is a mixture of coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice bran in a mass ratio of 4:3:3.

[0015] Furthermore, the moisture-regulating material is a mixture of coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice bran in a mass ratio of 3:5:2 after moisture treatment.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the non-compliance of the uniformity of the mixture, it is determined that the mixture should be ultrasonically dispersed and stirred.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are that it realizes the synergistic treatment and comprehensive utilization of various industrial and organic wastes such as fly ash, coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice husks. It effectively solves the problems of narrow treatment paths and low value of single wastes. It transforms fly ash, which originally needed to be landfilled or treated at low value, into functional materials of high-value-added resin composites, reducing the dependence on traditional petroleum-based plastics or mineral fillers. It conforms to the concept of circular economy. The physical properties of raw materials are ensured to meet the standards through crushing qualification judgment, the moisture content is initially controlled to achieve dynamic moisture balance, the stability risk warning identifies potential process hazards in advance, and the dual-path closed-loop treatment implements differentiated control for different risk levels. It effectively solves the problems of insufficient pretreatment, large quality fluctuations, and poor raw material adaptability in traditional processes, and significantly improves the intelligence level and product qualification rate of the solid waste resource utilization process.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention employs a crushing qualification judgment mechanism, comparing the particle size after crushing with a preset particle size to ensure that the particle size of fly ash waste is strictly controlled within the optimal range. Through a moisture content control mechanism, it dynamically decides on the water-absorbing material addition scheme based on a comparison of the moisture content of fly ash waste with a preset moisture content. By using organic water-absorbing materials with specific proportions, the moisture content is effectively reduced, and the flame-retardant performance of the final product is improved through the synergistic effect of functional components, achieving the dual goals of moisture control and functional modification.

[0019] Furthermore, this invention transforms the quality of magnetic separation impurities into a system stability assessment index through a stability risk early warning mechanism. This enables early identification of moisture content fluctuation risks caused by complex raw material sources, upgrading a simple impurity removal process into a process quality diagnostic node. This provides a basis for decision-making for subsequent precise control, significantly enhances the adaptability to raw materials of different qualities, effectively avoids granulation defects caused by excessively sticky or dry materials, and significantly improves the overall process's adaptability to fly ash raw materials of different qualities and the stability of the treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A logic diagram for determining whether the crushing process is qualified according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a logic diagram for determining whether to add absorbent material in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A logic diagram for determining whether the stability of the mixture is qualified in the embodiments of the invention; Figure 5 A logic diagram for determining whether the change in moisture content is qualified in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a logic diagram illustrating whether to add a moisture-regulating agent in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a logic diagram for determining whether the uniformity is qualified in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a flowchart of the plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a plastic granulation processing method based on water-containing waste, comprising: Step S1: Based on the comparison between the particle size of the crushed fly ash waste and the preset particle size, determine whether the crushing treatment of fly ash waste is qualified. Step S2: Based on the comparison between the moisture content of the qualified fly ash waste after crushing and the preset moisture content, determine whether to add water-absorbing material to the fly ash waste. Step S3: Based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed from the mixture after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, determine whether the stability of the mixture is qualified. Step S4: Based on the fact that the stability of the mixture is not up to standard, determine the comparison result between the change in moisture content of the mixture and the preset change in moisture content, and determine whether the change in moisture content of the mixture is up to standard. Step S5: Based on the fact that the change in moisture content of the mixture is not up to standard, obtain the comparison result of the viscosity of the mixture with the preset viscosity to determine whether moisture-regulating material should be added to the mixture. Step S6: Based on the stability of the mixture being qualified, and the comparison result of the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture with the preset variation coefficient, determine whether the uniformity of the mixture is qualified, and then proceed with melt granulation.

[0026] Specifically, this invention enables the synergistic treatment and comprehensive utilization of various industrial and organic wastes such as fly ash, coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice husks. It effectively solves the problems of narrow treatment paths and low value of single wastes, transforming fly ash, which originally needed to be landfilled or treated at low value, into functional materials of high-value-added resin composites. This reduces the dependence on traditional petroleum-based plastics or mineral fillers and is in line with the concept of circular economy.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 As shown, it is a logic judgment diagram for determining whether the crushing process is qualified in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Specifically, the quality of the fly ash waste crushing process is determined by comparing the particle size of the crushed waste with the preset particle size. If the particle size of the fly ash waste is larger than the preset particle size, the fly ash waste crushing treatment is deemed unqualified. If the particle size of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset particle size, the fly ash waste is deemed to have passed the crushing treatment.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the crushing process includes, but is not limited to, manual sorting to remove foreign objects, vibration treatment by a vibrating feeder, and crushing by a crusher. Manual sorting is carried out on a low-speed conveyor belt running at a speed of 0.2 to 0.5 m / s to ensure that sorting personnel can fully identify and remove foreign objects while ensuring the continuity of the production process. The vibration frequency of the vibrating feeder is 20 Hz to 35 Hz, and the amplitude is 2 mm to 5 mm. The vibrating feeder is mainly used to crush soft lumps with a diameter of less than 50 mm. The crusher is a jaw crusher or a double-roll crusher, and its discharge port gap is preset to 2.5 mm. After repeated crushing, the particle size of the crushed fly ash waste is obtained again by an online laser particle size analyzer. The number of repeated crushing is no more than 3 times, in order to ensure that the crushed product can meet the qualified standard of the fly ash waste with a preset particle size ≤ 0.15 mm to the greatest extent. If the median particle size of the fly ash waste is still unqualified after 3 times, the crusher is stopped and manual verification is performed.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset particle size is determined to be within the range of [0.1, 0.2] based on the requirements of the melt granulation process for the specific surface area and dispersibility of the filler, and is preferably set to 0.15 mm.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the particle size of fly ash waste is measured by a laser particle size analyzer installed above the discharge conveyor belt of the crusher, and the D90 particle size value is output as the particle size of fly ash waste. When the D90 value is less than or equal to 0.15mm, the crushing process is deemed qualified.

[0032] Please see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic diagram for determining whether to add absorbent material in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Specifically, based on the comparison between the moisture content of the crushed and qualified fly ash waste and the preset moisture content, it is determined whether to add water-absorbing materials to the fly ash waste. If the moisture content of the fly ash waste is greater than the preset moisture content, it is determined that water-absorbing material is added to the fly ash waste, and the moisture content of the mixture after adding the water-absorbing material is obtained. If the moisture content of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset moisture content, it is determined that no water-absorbing material is added to the fly ash waste, and the current moisture content is obtained.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset moisture content ranges from [18%, 22%], preferably set to 20%. If it is determined that absorbent material will be added, the amount of absorbent material added is determined by the following formula: Dosage = Mass of fly ash waste × (Moisture content of fly ash waste - Preset moisture content) / Unit water absorption rate of absorbent material × Safety factor The absorbent material is a mixture of organic materials such as coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice bran. The unit water absorption rate of the absorbent material is experimentally determined to be a fixed value of 1.2, and the safety factor ranges from [1.5 to 2.0], preferably set to 1.7.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the absorbent materials are all pretreated before use: dried at 80℃~85℃ for two hours, and then crushed to a particle size of less than or equal to 0.15mm to maximize their specific surface area and mixing uniformity. Based on the water absorption and flame retardant properties of the three materials, the mixing mass ratio of the absorbent materials is determined to be coffee grounds: tofu residue: rice bran = 4:3:3.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the moisture content of the fly ash waste is measured by a moisture detector installed at the discharge port of the fly ash storage silo. The moisture detector is either near-infrared or microwave type, and the invention does not make any specific limitation.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the thorough mixing of the fly ash waste and the water-absorbing material is carried out in a twin-shaft paddle mixer. The speed of the mixer is controlled at 200-300 rpm, and the mixing time lasts for 5-10 minutes to ensure that the water-absorbing material and the fly ash waste are evenly distributed.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 As shown, it is a logic diagram for determining whether the stability of the mixture is qualified according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Specifically, based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed from the mixture after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be acceptable. If the amount of impurities removed from the mixture is less than or equal to the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the amount of impurities removed from the mixture is greater than the preset amount of impurities, the stability of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset impurity content is [0.5%, 1.0%] of the total mass of the mixture. When the amount of magnetic impurities removed is lower than this range, it indicates that the purity of the fly ash waste raw material is high and the risk of fluctuation in its physicochemical properties (including moisture distribution) is low. When the amount of magnetic impurities removed is higher than this range, it indicates that the source of the raw material is complex or the pretreatment is insufficient, and the system is determined to be unstable. The preset impurity content is preferably set to 0.8% of the total mass of the mixture.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the amount of impurities removed is obtained by weighing the mass difference in the waste collection bin of the magnetic separator before and after separation. The magnetic separation process is performed by a permanent magnet drum separator with a magnetic field strength of 8000 to 12000 Gauss and a drum speed of 20 to 30 rpm to ensure effective adsorption and separation of weakly magnetic oxide particles.

[0042] Specifically, stability assessment based on the content of magnetically separated impurities can effectively identify stability risks due to excessively high levels of magnetic impurities before the material enters the melt granulation process. This invention avoids, from the outset, problems such as localized moisture evaporation caused by the slow oxidation and exothermic reaction of impurities during mixing and conveying, and polymer degradation or rapid moisture vaporization induced by impurities at the high temperature stage of melt granulation. This completely prevents fatal defects such as bubbles, voids, and decreased mechanical properties in the final product caused by abnormal moisture changes, achieving a fundamental guarantee of product quality.

[0043] Please see Figure 5 As shown, it is a logic judgment diagram for determining whether the change in moisture content is qualified in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Specifically, based on the fact that the stability of the mixture is unqualified, the change in moisture content of the mixture is compared with the preset change in moisture content to determine whether the change in moisture content of the mixture is qualified. If the change in moisture content of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset change in moisture content, the change in moisture content of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the change in moisture content of the mixture is greater than the preset change in moisture content, the change in moisture content of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the change in moisture content of the mixture is the difference between the moisture content after magnetic separation and the moisture content after step S2. The preset range of the change in moisture content is [±0.5%, ±1.5%], preferably set to ±1.0%.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, if the change in moisture content is qualified, although the material stability is not qualified, the actual moisture content is still within a controllable range, and it will be allowed to enter the subsequent uniformity testing process. If the change in moisture content is not qualified, it confirms that the stability risk has indeed occurred, indicating that the mixture has undergone significant moisture migration or loss in the previous process.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the moisture content is measured by a moisture detector installed on the discharge conveyor belt of the magnetic separator. The moisture detector is either near-infrared or microwave type, and the invention does not specifically limit it.

[0048] Please see Figure 6 As shown, it is a logic diagram for determining whether to add moisture-regulating material in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Specifically, based on the fact that the moisture content change of the mixture is unqualified, the viscosity of the mixture is compared with the preset viscosity to determine whether a moisture-regulating agent needs to be added to the mixture. If the viscosity of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset viscosity, it is determined that no moisture-conditioning agent should be added to the mixture. If the viscosity of the mixture is greater than the preset viscosity, determine that a moisture-conditioning agent should be added to the mixture.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the preset viscosity range is [15 Pa·s, 25 Pa·s], preferably set to 20 Pa·s. If the viscosity of the mixture is too high, it indicates that the mixture is too dry due to water loss and has poor fluidity, and it needs to be lubricated and tempered by adding moisture-regulating materials.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the moisture conditioning material is a mixture of coffee grounds, tofu residue, and rice bran that has undergone moisture treatment, with a mixing mass ratio of coffee grounds: tofu residue: rice bran = 3:5:2. The formula for calculating the amount of moisture conditioning material added is: amount of moisture conditioning material added = basic amount added × (viscosity / preset viscosity), wherein the basic amount added is a fixed proportion based on the total mass of the mixture, set to 1% to 2%, preferably set to 1.5%.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the viscosity is measured by an online rotational viscometer under the following conditions: rotor speed 60 rpm and material temperature 25 ± 5℃.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, the supplementary mixing of the mixture and the moisture-conditioning material is carried out in a high-speed hot mixer, with the following parameters: stirring temperature of 45-55°C, stirring time of 5-10 min, and stirring speed of 250-500 rpm.

[0054] Please see Figure 7 As shown, it is a logic judgment diagram for determining whether the uniformity is qualified in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Specifically, based on the stability of the mixture being deemed acceptable, and after comparing the uniformity coefficient of the mixture with a preset coefficient of variation, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be acceptable before melt granulation. If the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture is less than or equal to the preset variation coefficient, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be qualified. If the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixture is greater than the preset variation coefficient, the uniformity of the mixture is determined to be unqualified.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the uniformity is a quantitative evaluation of the uniformity of the mixture, specifically the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value. For a completely uniform mixture, the amount of material passing through the sieve at all sampling points should be exactly the same, so the standard deviation is 0, and the uniformity variation coefficient is also 0. The lower the uniformity variation coefficient, the higher the uniformity of the mixture, and the closer it is to the uniformity qualification.

[0057] The preset coefficient of variation ranges from [5%, 10%], preferably set to 7%. The uniformity coefficient of variation is obtained by multi-point sampling sieving and weighing method. Specifically, during the complete discharge process of the twin-shaft paddle mixer, at three equal time intervals of 10 seconds, 30 seconds, and 50 seconds after the start of discharge, three samples are taken using a trough sampler. Each sample weighs 1000 grams (±50 grams), for a total of nine sub-samples. Each sub-sample is passed through a 0.2 mm square hole standard sieve. This sieve size can effectively separate the fine particulate component (undersize) mainly composed of fly ash from the larger water-absorbing material (oversize). The mass of the undersize of each sample is weighed and recorded. This mass is the characterization value of the fly ash fine powder content at the sampling point. Based on the obtained mass data of the nine undersize samples, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation are calculated to finally obtain the uniformity coefficient of variation of the mixture.

[0058] Specifically, ultrasonic dispersion and stirring of the mixture is determined based on the non-compliance of the uniformity of the mixture.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the ultrasonic dispersion and stirring refers to feeding the mixture into an ultrasonic treatment tank and treating it for 5 to 15 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power density of 0.5 to 1.0 W / cm³ and frequency of 20 kHz to 40 kHz.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, a mixture with acceptable uniformity or a mixture that has been ultrasonically dispersed and stirred is fed into an extruder for melt granulation.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the set parameters of the extruder include: the temperature range from the feed port to the die head of the extruder is 165℃~185℃, the screw speed is 250~350rpm, the vacuum degree of the compression section is not lower than -0.08MPa, and the pelleting water temperature is 55~65℃.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, performance tests were conducted on Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 after granulation. Example

[0063] (1) 40 parts by weight of the fly ash waste are crushed, and the crushing process is deemed qualified based on the comparison between the particle size after crushing and the preset particle size. (2) Based on the comparison between the moisture content of the qualified fly ash waste after crushing and treatment and the preset moisture content, it was determined that 5 parts by weight of water-absorbing material should be added: (3) Based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, it is determined that the stability of the mixture is not up to standard; then based on the comparison between the change in moisture content and the preset value, it is determined that the change in moisture content is not up to standard; subsequently based on the comparison between the viscosity of the mixture and the preset viscosity, it is determined that a moisture-conditioning material needs to be added, and a moisture-conditioning material with a mass of 3 parts is added. (4) Based on the comparison of the uniformity coefficient of variation of 48 parts of the mixture with the preset coefficient of variation, the uniformity is determined to be qualified, and then it is mixed with 52 parts of polyethylene resin for melt granulation.

[0064] Comparative Example 1 100 parts by weight of polyethylene resin were melt-granulated.

[0065] Comparative Example 2 (1) 40 parts by weight of the fly ash waste are crushed, and the crushing process is deemed qualified based on the comparison between the particle size after crushing and the preset particle size. (2) Based on the comparison between the moisture content of the qualified fly ash waste after crushing and treatment and the preset moisture content, it was determined that 5 parts by weight of water-absorbing material should be added: (3) Based on the comparison between the amount of impurities removed after magnetic separation and the preset amount of impurities, it is determined that the stability of the mixture is unqualified; (4) Based on the qualified uniformity of 45 parts of the mixture, it is determined to mix with 55 parts of polyethylene resin for melt granulation.

[0066] Specifically, performance tests were conducted on Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 after production granulation. The test results are as follows: Table 1 Comparison of Composite Material Properties ; As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the oxygen index of Example 1 of the present invention increased significantly from 19.2% to 28.8%, indicating a significant improvement in its flame retardant performance. At the same time, it successfully penetrated and encapsulated the treated fly ash waste and water-absorbing material (coffee grounds, tofu residue, rice husks) particles, filling all the gaps. After cooling and solidification, a robust three-dimensional network structure was formed, which firmly bonded the originally loose filler particles into a whole. This structure ensures that the external load can be effectively transferred from the resin matrix to the high-rigidity filler particles, thereby sharing the stress and significantly improving the tensile yield strength and flexural strength of the material.

[0067] Comparative Example 2, lacking stability risk-based moisture content verification and viscosity fine-tuning steps, failed to compensate for abnormal moisture loss in a timely manner, resulting in uneven material mixing or localized moisture residue. During the high-temperature stage of melt granulation, the moisture rapidly vaporized, ultimately forming a "foamy" defect structure, leading to a decline in performance. In contrast, Example 1, through viscosity-based dynamic fine-tuning, ensured that the rheological properties of the mixture were in an optimal state. This uniform distribution maximized the contact area between the resin and the filler, providing more reaction sites for the aforementioned hydrogen bonding.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the surface of the fly ash waste is rich in silanol groups (Si-OH), and the water-absorbing material (coffee grounds, tofu residue, rice husks) is a porous organic material rich in cellulose and protein. Its surface contains a large number of polar functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH). During the melt blending process, these polar groups generate strong intermolecular interactions with the polyethylene molecular chains at the phase interface, including hydrogen bonds and dipole-dipole forces. This interfacial bonding force is much higher than that of simple mechanical interlocking. The "cross-linking" effect of hydrogen bonds is equivalent to establishing countless efficient "anchor points" between the resin and the filler, which greatly strengthens the interfacial adhesion and effectively inhibits the tendency of interfacial debonding and crack propagation under external force. This is one of the fundamental reasons for the improvement of material rigidity and strength.

[0069] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plastic granulation processing method based on aqueous waste, characterized by, Comprising, Step S1, determining whether the crushing treatment of the fly ash waste is qualified based on the comparison result of the particle size of the fly ash waste after crushing treatment and the preset particle size; Step S2, determining whether the fly ash waste is added with water absorption material based on the comparison result of the water content of the fly ash waste after crushing treatment and the preset water content; Step S3, determining whether the stability of the mixed material is qualified based on the comparison result of the removed impurity mass in the mixed material after magnetic separation treatment and the preset impurity mass; Step S4, determining whether the water content variation of the mixed material is qualified according to the unqualified stability of the mixed material, and determining the comparison result of the water content variation of the mixed material and the preset water content variation; Step S5, based on the unqualified water content variation of the mixed material, obtaining the comparison result of the viscosity of the mixed material and the preset viscosity to determine whether the mixed material is added with moisture adjusting material; Step S6, according to the qualified stability of the mixed material, determining whether the uniformity of the mixed material is qualified based on the comparison result of the uniformity variation coefficient of the mixed material and the preset variation coefficient, and then melting and granulating.

2. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, Based on the comparison result of the particle size of the fly ash waste after crushing treatment and the preset particle size, whether the crushing treatment of the fly ash waste is qualified, wherein, If the particle size of the fly ash waste is greater than the preset particle size, it is determined that the crushing treatment of the fly ash waste is unqualified; If the particle size of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset particle size, it is determined that the crushing treatment of the fly ash waste is qualified.

3. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, Based on the comparison result of the water content of the fly ash waste after crushing treatment and the preset water content, whether the fly ash waste is added with water absorption material, wherein, If the water content of the fly ash waste is greater than the preset water content, it is determined that the fly ash waste is added with water absorption material, and the water content of the mixed material after adding water absorption material is obtained; If the water content of the fly ash waste is less than or equal to the preset water content, it is determined that the fly ash waste is not added with water absorption material, and the current water content is obtained.

4. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, Based on the comparison result of the removed impurity mass in the mixed material after magnetic separation treatment and the preset impurity mass, whether the stability of the mixed material is qualified, wherein, If the removed impurity mass in the mixed material is less than or equal to the preset impurity mass, it is determined that the stability of the mixed material is qualified; If the removed impurity mass in the mixed material is greater than the preset impurity mass, it is determined that the stability of the mixed material is unqualified.

5. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, According to the unqualified stability of the mixed material, the comparison result of the water content variation of the mixed material and the preset water content variation is determined to determine whether the water content variation of the mixed material is qualified, wherein, If the water content variation of the mixed material is less than or equal to the preset water content variation, it is determined that the water content variation of the mixed material is qualified; If the water content variation of the mixed material is greater than the preset water content variation, it is determined that the water content variation of the mixed material is unqualified.

6. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, Based on the unqualified water content variation of the mixed material, the comparison result of the viscosity of the mixed material and the preset viscosity is obtained to determine whether the mixed material is added with moisture adjusting material, wherein, If the viscosity of the mixed material is less than or equal to the preset viscosity, it is determined that the mixed material is not added with moisture adjusting material; If the viscosity of the mixed material is greater than the preset viscosity, it is determined that the mixed material is added with a humidity adjusting material.

7. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 1, wherein, According to the stability of the mixed material, based on the comparison result of the uniformity coefficient of the mixed material and the preset coefficient of variation, it is determined whether the uniformity of the mixed material is qualified before melting and granulating, wherein, If the uniformity coefficient of the mixed material is less than or equal to the preset coefficient of variation, it is determined that the uniformity of the mixed material is qualified. If the uniformity coefficient of the mixed material is greater than the preset coefficient of variation, it is determined that the uniformity of the mixed material is unqualified.

8. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 3, wherein, The water absorption material is a mixed material of coffee grounds, bean dregs and grain chaff with a mixed mass ratio of 4:3:

3.

9. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 6, wherein, The humidity adjusting material is a mixed material of coffee grounds, bean dregs and grain chaff with a mixed mass ratio of 3:5:2 after humidity treatment.

10. The aqueous waste-based plastic pelletizing process of claim 7, wherein, Based on the unqualified uniformity of the mixed material, it is determined to perform ultrasonic dispersion stirring on the mixed material.

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