Method for preparing ceramic material from lithium slag obtained by extracting lithium from spodumene through acid method

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic material from lithium slag obtained by extracting lithium through a spodumene acid method, and relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection. The method for preparing the ceramic material by extracting the lithium slag through the spodumene acid method comprises the following steps: S1, component analysis: carrying out comprehensive component analysis on the lithium slag; s2, magnetic separation iron removal: enabling the lithium slag to pass through a magnetic field by using a magnetic separator, so that magnetic iron impurities in the lithium slag are adsorbed and separated; s3, particle size adjustment is conducted, and mechanical equipment is adopted for conducting particle size grading and grinding treatment on the lithium slag; step S4, mixing and ball-milling: according to a preset formula proportion, adding the lithium slag, kaolin, feldspar, quartz and an additive into a ball mill in proportion, adding a proper amount of water, and carrying out ball-milling and mixing for 2-4 hours, so that the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain uniform ceramic blank slurry; finally, the problems that the lithium slag is difficult to treat, the requirement for ceramic materials is large, the preparation cost is high and the performance needs to be improved are solved, and energy-saving and environment-friendly treatment and resource recycling of lithium slag resources are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy saving and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium residue from lithium extraction by spodumene acid method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rapid growth of lithium demand has led to the widespread use of the spodumene acid method for lithium extraction. However, the large amount of lithium residue produced by this process has become an environmental burden. The lithium residue mainly contains oxides of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, and a small amount of lithium, potassium, sodium, and other elements. Due to the complexity of the elements and the difficulty of re-extraction, the lithium residue is mostly directly discharged as solid waste.

[0003] The discharged lithium residue is mostly disposed by stacking, which not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also may cause environmental pollution to soil, water, and the like. In order to meet the promotion and development needs of energy saving and environmental protection, it is urgently needed to study how to effectively resourceize and utilize the lithium residue.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium residue from lithium extraction by spodumene acid method, so as to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium residue from lithium extraction by spodumene acid method, which solves the problem of how to effectively resourceize and utilize the lithium residue in the related art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium residue from lithium extraction by spodumene acid method provided by the present application comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step S1, component analysis, comprehensive component analysis of the lithium residue is performed;

[0008] Step S2, magnetic separation for removing iron, the lithium residue is passed through a magnetic field by using a magnetic separator, so that the magnetic iron impurities therein are adsorbed and separated;

[0009] Step S3, particle size adjustment, mechanical equipment is used to perform particle size classification and fine grinding treatment on the lithium residue;

[0010] Step S4, mixing and ball milling, according to a preset formula ratio, the lithium residue, kaolin, feldspar, quartz, and additives are added to a ball mill in proportion, an appropriate amount of water is added, and the raw materials are mixed for 2-4 hours to make the raw materials fully mixed and uniform, so as to obtain a uniform ceramic green material slurry.

[0011] Preferably, the component analysis in step S1 mainly uses an ICP spectrometer to accurately determine the content of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, lithium, potassium, and sodium elements in the lithium residue.

[0012] Preferably, the mechanical equipment in the step S3 comprises a vibrating screen and a ball mill, and the lithium residue is first filtered by the vibrating screen into materials of different particle sizes, and the coarse particle materials enter the interior of the ball mill for ball milling.

[0013] Preferably, the additive in the step S4 is a fluxing agent, such as borax and lithium carbonate.

[0014] Preferably, the total amount of the fluxing agent is 1%-5% of the total amount of the lithium residue, kaolin, feldspar and quartz.

[0015] Preferably, the preset formula proportion in the step S4 is that the lithium residue accounts for 30%-60%, the kaolin accounts for 10%-30%, the feldspar accounts for 10%-30%, and the quartz accounts for 5%-20%.

[0016] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step S5, forming, the mixed slurry is prepared into granular blank with certain fluidity by spray drying, and the granular blank is prepared into a desired ceramic body shape.

[0018] Step S6, sintering, the formed ceramic body is placed into a kiln for sintering treatment.

[0019] Preferably, the granular blank is formed by pressing in the step S5.

[0020] Preferably, in the sintering treatment in the step S6, the temperature is slowly increased in a low-temperature stage to remove water and organic matter in the body, and the heating rate is controlled at 3-5 ℃ / min; then the temperature is rapidly increased to a sintering temperature in a high-temperature stage, and the temperature is kept for 1-3 hours to densify the ceramic body, and finally the temperature is slowly decreased to room temperature to obtain a ceramic material product.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature range of the low-temperature stage is 300-600 ℃, and the temperature range of the high-temperature stage is 1000-1200 ℃.

[0022] Compared with the related art, the method for preparing a ceramic material from lithium residue by using a lithium orthoclase acid method has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The method realizes the recycling and utilization of lithium residue waste, reduces the emission and accumulation of lithium residue, meets the environmental protection demand, reduces the resource consumption of the raw materials originally required by the ceramic material, and meets the energy saving demand; finally, the method solves the problems of difficult treatment of lithium residue, great demand for ceramic materials, high preparation cost and performance to be improved, and realizes the energy saving and environmental protection treatment and recycling and utilization of lithium residue resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium spodumene residue using the lithium spodumene process provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the first embodiment of the magnetic separator provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The front view of the overall cross-section shown;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional view of the cross-section within the indicated bin area;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The right view of the connecting structure in the raised state of the movable block shown;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the connection structure under the pressed-down state of the movable block. Figure 6 (a) is the right view of the active block connection structure. Figure 6 (b) is Figure 6 (a) Left view of the active block connection structure in the current state;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the magnetic separator provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A 3D view of the lifting frame section shown;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the principle of the lifting frame in feeding mode. Figure 9 (a) is a front view of the lifting frame at its first usable height. Figure 9 (b) is a front view of the lifting frame at its second operating height. Figure 9 (c) is a front view of the lifting frame at its third operating height;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 7 The image shows a front view of the lifting frame in cleaning mode;

[0035] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the third embodiment of the magnetic separator provided by the present application;

[0036] Figure 12 Principle diagram of the third embodiment of the magnetic separator provided by the present application, wherein, Figure 12 (a) is a front view of the synchronous disc driving movable block in the up-lifting state, Figure 12 (b) is a front view of the synchronous disc driving movable block in the down-pressing state, Figure 12 (c) is a front view of the synchronous disc continuing to rotate in the down-pressing state of the movable block.

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0038] 1, machine box; 101, first material inlet; 102, second material inlet; 103, adjusting hole; 11, shunt plate; 12, flow guide plate;

[0039] 2, magnetic separation conveying mechanism; 21, magnetic separation conveying belt; 22, synchronous wheel; 23, synchronous belt; 24, driving wheel; 25, driving part; 221, synchronous disc;

[0040] 3, material box; 31, discharge port;

[0041] 4, flow guide fence;

[0042] 5, movable mechanism; 51, first telescopic part; 52, synchronous shaft;

[0043] 6, movable block; 61, synchronous rod;

[0044] 7, adjusting device; 71, second telescopic part; 72, lifting frame.

[0045] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0047] The present application provides a method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium spodumene acid method to extract lithium from lithium residue.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present application, the method for preparing ceramic materials by using lithium spodumene acid method to extract lithium from lithium residue comprises the following steps:

[0049] The method comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step S1, component analysis, comprehensive component analysis of lithium residue;

[0051] Step S2, magnetic separation of iron, using a magnetic separator to pass the lithium residue through a magnetic field, so that the magnetic iron impurities therein are adsorbed and separated;

[0052] Step S3, particle size adjustment, using mechanical equipment to classify and grind the lithium residue;

[0053] Step S4, mixing and ball milling, according to the preset formula ratio, lithium residue, kaolin, feldspar, quartz and additives are added to the ball mill in proportion, and an appropriate amount of water is added, and the raw materials are mixed uniformly for 2-4 hours to obtain a uniform ceramic green body slurry.

[0054] The iron content is reduced, the purity of the lithium residue is improved, and the influence on the whiteness of the ceramic is reduced.

[0055] The method realizes the recycling and utilization of lithium residue waste, reduces the discharge and accumulation of lithium residue, meets the environmental protection demand, reduces the resource consumption of the original raw materials of the ceramic material, meets the energy saving demand, solves the problems of difficult treatment of lithium residue, large demand for ceramic materials, high preparation cost and performance to be improved, and realizes the energy saving and environmental protection treatment and recycling and utilization of lithium residue resources.

[0056] The component analysis in step S1 mainly uses an ICP spectrometer to accurately determine the content of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, lithium, potassium and sodium in the lithium residue.

[0057] The mechanical equipment in step S3 includes a vibrating screen and a ball mill. The lithium residue is first filtered and separated into materials of different particle size levels by the vibrating screen, and the coarse particle materials enter the interior of the ball mill for ball milling.

[0058] The additive in step S4 is a fluxing agent, such as borax and lithium carbonate.

[0059] The total amount of the fluxing agent added is 1%-5% of the total amount of lithium residue, kaolin, feldspar and quartz.

[0060] The preset formula ratio in step S4 is that the proportion of lithium residue is 30%-60%, the proportion of kaolin is 10%-30%, the proportion of feldspar is 10%-30%, and the proportion of quartz is 5%-20%.

[0061] Further, the method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium residue by using the lithium spodumene acid method to extract lithium, further comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step S5, forming, the mixed slurry is made into granular blank with certain fluidity by spray drying, and the granular blank is made into a desired ceramic body shape;

[0063] Step S6, sintering, the formed ceramic body is put into a kiln for sintering treatment.

[0064] In step S5, the granular blank is formed by pressing.

[0065] In step S6, the sintering treatment is first slowly heated in a low-temperature stage to remove water and organic matter in the body, and the heating rate is controlled at 3-5 ℃ / min; then rapidly heated to the sintering temperature in a high-temperature stage, and kept for 1-3 hours to densify the ceramic body, and finally slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain a ceramic material product.

[0066] The temperature range of the low-temperature stage is 300-600 ℃, and the temperature range of the high-temperature stage is 1000-1200 ℃.

[0067] Example 1:

[0068] Process for preparing ceramic tiles:

[0069] 1. Lithium slag pretreatment:

[0070] The lithium slag after lithium extraction by acid method is analyzed by ICP spectrometer, and the results show that the main component content is SiO223%, Al2O362%, Fe2O32%, CaO5%, MgO3%, Li2O0.5%, K2O4%, and Na2O3%.

[0071] The lithium slag is removed by a magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 1000Gs to remove most of the magnetic iron impurities, and the iron content is reduced to 0.5% after detection.

[0072] First, the lithium slag is divided into different particle size levels by a vibrating screen, and the coarse particle part with a particle size greater than 30 μm is ground for 30 minutes by a ball mill, and then mixed uniformly with the fine particle part, and the particle size analyzer detects that the D50 is 20 μm.

[0073] 2. Ceramic formula:

[0074] The pretreated lithium slag is 45%, kaolin is 25%, potassium feldspar is 20%, and quartz is 10%.

[0075] The additives are borax 2% and lithium carbonate 1%.

[0076] 3. Preparation process:

[0077] The above raw materials are added to the ball mill in proportion, and an appropriate amount of water is added, and the ball milling is carried out for 3 hours.

[0078] The slurry is spray-dried to form granular blank, and the ceramic tile blank is pressed by pressing forming method under the pressure of 10 MPa.

[0079] The blank is put into the kiln, first heated to 500℃ at a rate of 4℃ / min, and kept for 0.5 hours; then heated to 1100℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min, and kept for 2 hours; finally slowly cooled to room temperature to obtain the ceramic tile.

[0080] It is detected that the compressive strength of the ceramic tile is 50 MPa, the water absorption is 0.5%, and the whiteness is 80%.

[0081] Example 2:

[0082] 1. Lithium residue pretreatment:

[0083] Another batch of lithium residue after lithium extraction by acid method of spodumene is selected, and ICP is used for component analysis, and the main component content is SiO220%, Al2O365%, Fe2O31.5%, CaO4%, MgO2.5%, Li2O0.8%, K2O3.2%, Na2O2.5%.

[0084] The lithium residue is removed by a magnetic separator with a magnetic field strength of 1200Gs, and the iron content is successfully reduced to 0.3% after detection.

[0085] The particle size of the lithium residue is classified by a vibrating screen, and the coarse particles larger than 30μm are ground in a ball mill for 40 minutes, and then mixed uniformly with the fine particles. With the help of a particle size analyzer, the D50 of the lithium residue reaches 15μm.

[0086] 2. Ceramic formula:

[0087] The proportion of pretreated lithium residue is 50%, kaolin is 20%, sodium feldspar is 20%, and quartz is 10%.

[0088] The additives are borax 1.5% and lithium carbonate 1.5%.

[0089] 3. Preparation process:

[0090] The above raw materials are added to the ball mill according to the predetermined proportion, and an appropriate amount of water is added, and the ball mill is mixed for 3.5 hours to ensure that the raw materials are mixed uniformly to form a uniform ceramic blank slurry.

[0091] The mixed slurry is spray-dried to form granular blank with good fluidity, and the ceramic tile blank is pressed by pressing forming method under the pressure of 12 MPa.

[0092] The formed ceramic brick body is put into a kiln for sintering, first, in a low temperature stage, the temperature is raised to 400 DEG C at a rate of 3 DEG C / min, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour to remove water and organic matter in the body; then, in a high temperature stage, the temperature is raised to 1050 DEG C at a rate of 7 DEG C / min, and the temperature is kept for 2.5 hours to promote the densification of the ceramic body; finally, the temperature is slowly reduced to room temperature to obtain a ceramic brick product.

[0093] It is detected that the compressive strength of the ceramic brick is 55 MPa, the water absorption is 0.3%, and the whiteness is 82%.

[0094] Comparative Example 1:

[0095] The untreated lithium slag is used to prepare a ceramic:

[0096] The ceramic formula:

[0097] The untreated lithium slag is 45%, kaolin is 25%, potassium feldspar is 20%, and quartz is 10%.

[0098] The additive is borax 2% and lithium carbonate 1%.

[0099] Preparation process:

[0100] The raw materials are mixed and ball milled for 3 hours.

[0101] The ceramic brick body is pressed and formed.

[0102] The sintering process of Example 1 is used for sintering.

[0103] It is detected that the compressive strength of the ceramic brick is 35 MPa, the water absorption is 1.5%, and the whiteness is 60%. Since the lithium slag is not pretreated, the iron impurities affect the whiteness, the uneven particle size leads to low density of the body, and the strength and water absorption performance are poor.

[0104] The application also provides a magnetic separator for removing iron in the method for preparing a ceramic material by using lithium metasomate acid method to extract lithium from lithium slag.

[0105] First embodiment:

[0106] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 In the first embodiment of the application, the magnetic separator comprises:

[0107] A cabinet 1, a first material port 101 is formed on the right side of the cabinet 1, and a second material port 102 is formed on the bottom of the cabinet 1;

[0108] A magnetic separation conveying mechanism 2 is installed on the cabinet 1, the material output end of the magnetic separation conveying mechanism 2 is communicated with the first material port 101, and the waste output end of the magnetic separation conveying mechanism 2 is communicated with the second material port 102;

[0109] A material box 3 is fixed on the top of the cabinet 1, the bottom of the material box 3 is provided with a discharging port 31 which is aligned on the conveying surface of the magnetic conveying mechanism 2, and an adjusting hole 103 is provided between the cabinet 1 and the material box 3;

[0110] A flow guide fence 4 is slidingly installed on the material box 3;

[0111] A movable mechanism 5 includes a first telescopic piece 51 and a synchronous shaft 52, one end of the synchronous shaft 52 is fixedly connected with a movable block 6 after penetrating through the adjusting hole 103, the first telescopic piece 51 is installed on the cabinet 1, the telescopic part of the first telescopic piece 51 is connected with the synchronous shaft 52, the movable block 6 is slidingly installed in the material box 3, the top of the movable block 6 is fixedly connected with the flow guide fence 4 through a synchronous rod 61, the movable block 6 is aligned at the discharging port 31, and an active gap is reserved.

[0112] In the embodiment, the flow guide fence 4 is in an inverted V-shaped structure, and uniform through hole structures are distributed on the surface, which facilitates uniform distribution of the received material above, so that the material is uniformly distributed to the range of the discharging port 31, avoiding the accumulation of the material on the magnetic conveying mechanism 2 during conveying.

[0113] In the embodiment, the first telescopic piece 51 can be a hydraulic telescopic rod, which is used to drive the synchronous shaft 52 to adjust the upgrade in the range of the adjusting hole 103, and the synchronous shaft 52 synchronously drives the movable block 6 to adjust the lifting.

[0114] The movable block 6 includes two use states:

[0115] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the lifting state, the synchronous shaft 52 is located at the top of the adjusting hole 103, the opening between the movable block 6 and the discharging port 31 is in the maximum state, and the active gap is opened, so that the material in the material box 3 is uniformly discharged downward through the active gap to the magnetic conveying mechanism 2;

[0116] As shown in Figure 6 , the pressing state, the synchronous shaft 52 is located at the bottom of the adjusting hole 103, the opening between the movable block 6 and the discharging port 31 is in the minimum state, and the active gap is closed, so that the material stuck in the active gap is crushed, thereby facilitating the crushing of the material, preventing the material particles from being stuck in the active gap.

[0117] In the embodiment, the movable block 6 blocks the adjusting hole 103 in both the lifting state and the pressing state, thereby ensuring the stability of the material storage and conveying in the material box 3.

[0118] By arranging the movable block 6 in the discharge port 31, on one hand, the discharging range is reduced, so that the material falls on the magnetic conveying mechanism 2 more uniformly; on the other hand, the movable block 6 blocks and buffers the material above the discharge port 31, thereby ensuring the stable falling of the material, reducing the falling speed and height of the material, reducing the damage to the conveying surface of the magnetic conveying mechanism 2, and prolonging the service life of the equipment; in addition, when the movable block 6 is adjusted up and down relative to the discharge port 31, the material in the range of the discharge port 31 can be extruded and crushed, and the material with large particles can be preliminarily crushed, thereby avoiding the problem of material blockage in the conveying range.

[0119] When the movable block 6 moves up and down, the movable block 6 also drives the flow guide fence 4 to move up and down through the synchronous rod 61, thereby providing the flow guide fence 4 with shaking power, so as to improve the falling and flow distribution efficiency of the material above the flow guide fence 4.

[0120] Further, as shown in Figure 5 , the first telescopic member 51 is provided with two and symmetrically installed on both sides of the cabinet 1; the first telescopic member 51, the synchronous shaft 52 and the adjusting hole 103 are equal in number and one-to-one correspondingly arranged, thereby increasing the stability of the overall up and down adjustment of the movable block 6.

[0121] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , two flow distribution plates 11 and a flow guide plate 12 are integrated and installed on the cabinet 1, and the output end of the flow guide plate 12 is aligned at the second material port 102;

[0122] The magnetic conveying mechanism 2 comprises two magnetic conveying belts 21, two synchronous wheels 22, two synchronous belts 23, a driving wheel 24 and a driving member 25; the magnetic conveying belt 21 is rotatably installed in the cabinet 1, the driving shaft of the magnetic conveying belt 21 penetrates through the cabinet 1 and is fixedly connected with the synchronous wheel 22, the driving member 25 is fixedly arranged in the cabinet 1, the driving shaft of the driving member 25 penetrates through the cabinet 1 and is fixedly connected with the driving wheel 24, and the synchronous belt 23 is in transmission connection with the driving wheel 24 and the synchronous wheel 22.

[0123] The installation positions of the two magnetic separation conveying belts 21 are parallel and staggered, one of the flow distribution plates 11 is arranged at the output end of one of the magnetic separation conveying belts 21 and is connected to the input end of the other magnetic separation conveying belt 21, and the other flow distribution plate 11 is arranged at the output end of the other magnetic separation conveying belt 21 and is connected to the first material port 101.

[0124] The flow guide plate 12 is obliquely arranged in the cabinet 1, and the conveying surface of the flow guide plate 12 is aligned in the direction in which the waste materials are output by the two flow distribution plates 11.

[0125] The magnetic separation conveying belt 21, the synchronous wheel 22 and the synchronous belt 23 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the two synchronous belts 23 are connected to the same driving wheel 24.

[0126] In this embodiment, the magnetic separation conveying belt 21 mainly comprises a driving shaft, a conveying belt, a magnetic shaft and a driven roller cover. The driving shaft penetrates through the cabinet 1 and is fixed to the synchronous wheel 22, the conveying belt is drivingly connected to the driving shaft and the driven roller cover, and the magnetic shaft is fixed to the cabinet 1 and the driven roller cover is rotatably connected to the magnetic shaft to form a magnetic separation structure. The magnetic separation structure and principle are mature in the prior art, and will not be described here.

[0127] Specifically, the driving wheel 24 is provided with at least two transmission grooves for connecting the two synchronous belts 23.

[0128] The flow distribution plate 11 is used to distribute the materials output by the magnetic separation conveying belt 21, mainly including magnetic separation materials and waste materials. The magnetic separation materials cannot be adsorbed and conveyed by the magnetic separation conveying belt 21, and the waste materials are adsorbed and conveyed by the magnetic separation conveying belt 21, so that the magnetic separation materials are discharged from the right side of the flow distribution plate 11 and the waste materials are discharged from the left side of the flow distribution plate 11.

[0129] The driving member 25 is used to conveniently and synchronously drive the conveying adjustment of the two magnetic separation conveying belts 21, and the flow distribution plate 11 and the flow guide plate 12 are used to conveniently separate and convey the magnetic separation materials and the waste materials and discharge them, so as to facilitate subsequent receiving of the two materials at different positions.

[0130] The working principle of the magnetic separator provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0131] A1, the machine is heated before the materials are added, the driving member 25 is started first, the driving member 25 drives the driving wheel 24 to rotate, the driving wheel 24 synchronously drives the two synchronous wheels 22 to rotate through the two synchronous belts 23, and the two synchronous wheels 22 synchronously drive the two magnetic separation conveying belts 21 to rotate, so as to conveniently convey the subsequent added materials;

[0132] Restart the first telescopic piece 51, the first telescopic piece 51 drives the synchronous shaft 52 to adjust the lifting, the synchronous shaft 52 drives the movable block 6 to adjust the lifting, the movable block 6 drives the guide fence 4 to synchronously adjust the lifting through the synchronous rod 61, so that the uniform distribution, drainage and crushing of the material after adding are facilitated;

[0133] A2, when the material is added, the material is uniformly conveyed downward to the range of the discharge port 31 after passing through the guide fence 4 which is shaken up and down, and the material is subjected to falling buffering and extrusion crushing through the up-down adjustment of the movable block 6, so as to avoid the phenomenon of material blockage during conveying;

[0134] A3, when the material is sorted, the material uniformly falls on the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveying belt 21 after passing through the discharge port 31, and after the magnetic separation and separation of the two groups of magnetic separation conveying belts 21, the magnetic separation material is discharged and conveyed through the first material port 101; the waste material is discharged and conveyed through the second material port 102.

[0135] Second embodiment:

[0136] Please refer to Figures 7 to 8 , based on the first embodiment of the application, another magnetic separator is provided in the second embodiment of the application. The second embodiment is only a preferred mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment does not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0137] Specifically, the difference between the magnetic separator provided in the second embodiment of the application is that the magnetic separator further comprises an adjusting device 7, the adjusting device 7 comprises a second telescopic piece 71 and a lifting frame 72, both ends of the second telescopic piece 71 are fixedly connected with the material box 3 and the lifting frame 72, the lifting frame 72 is sleeved on the bottom of the material box 3 and is slidingly connected, and the lifting frame 72 is aligned with the output range of the discharge port 31.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 9 , the bottom of the right side of the lifting frame 72 is higher than the bottom of the left side, when the bottom of the left side of the lifting frame 72 abuts against the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveying belt 21, the bottom of the right side of the lifting frame 72 and the magnetic separation conveying belt 21 can still ensure the continuous passing and conveying of the material.

[0139] In this embodiment, the lifting frame 72 comprises two use modes:

[0140] As shown in Figure 8 , the feeding mode, the bottom of the lifting frame 72 and the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveying belt 21 are reserved with a conveying gap, and the conveying gap can be adjusted in height by the lifting frame 72 to meet the conveying of materials with different thicknesses;

[0141] As Figure 9 shown, the cleaning mode, the left side of the lifting frame 72 is in contact with the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21, and the right side has a gap. This design ensures continuous conveying of materials while allowing cleaning and maintenance of the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21.

[0142] The second telescopic part 71 facilitates the adjustment of the lifting frame 72 relative to the hopper 3. When the lifting frame 72 moves downward, the conveying gap between the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 and the hopper 3 is reduced, which uniformly spreads the materials falling onto the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21. The lifting frame 72 can be adjusted according to the requirements, which facilitates the control of the material thickness on the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 for different materials, avoiding the accumulation of materials affecting the quality and efficiency of magnetic separation.

[0143] Furthermore, the left side of the lifting frame 72 is embedded with a brush structure (not shown in the figure). This design increases the cleaning effect of the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21, reduces the attachment of surface powder, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0144] The working principle of the magnetic separator provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0145] B1, as Figure 9 shown, when adjusting the height of the conveying gap of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21, the second telescopic part 71 is started, which drives the lifting frame 72 to move downward. During the downward movement of the lifting frame 72, the height of the conveying gap of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 gradually decreases, which uniformly distributes the materials falling on the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 while maintaining the thickness of the material conveying at a constant state.

[0146] B2, as Figure 10 shown, when it is necessary to clean and maintain the surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21, the second telescopic part 71 is started again, which drives the lifting frame 72 to move downward until the left side of the lifting frame 72 is in contact with the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21. At the same time, the right side of the lifting frame 72 can still meet the conveying requirements of the materials.

[0147] B3, during cleaning, the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 continuously rotates, and the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 is in contact with the bottom of the lifting frame 72. This design allows the lifting frame 72 to clean and maintain the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 while the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21 continuously conveys materials, reduces the residue of the materials attached to the conveying surface of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 21, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0148] The third embodiment of the present application is provided based on the second embodiment of the present application.

[0149] Please refer to Figures 11 to 12 , the third embodiment of the present application provides another magnetic separator based on the second embodiment of the present application. The third embodiment is only a preferred mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the third embodiment does not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0150] Specifically, the magnetic separator provided by the third embodiment of the present application is different in that the drive shaft of the magnetic conveying belt 21 is further fixed with a synchronous disc 221, the first telescopic member 51 is a spring telescopic member, the two ends of the first telescopic member 51 are hinged to the synchronous disc 221 and the synchronous shaft 52, and the hinged position of the bottom of the first telescopic member 51 is located at a non-axis position of the synchronous disc 221.

[0151] The drive member 25 drives the magnetic conveying belt 21 to continuously convey the material; at the same time, the synchronous disc 221 also synchronously controls the self-adaptive ginger adjustment of the movable block 6 through the first telescopic member 51, so as to stably convey and crush the material in the range of the discharge port 31; and the movable block 6 also synchronously drives the guide fence 4 to vibrate up and down through the synchronous rod 61, so as to uniformly convey the material entering the material box 3 to the area of the discharge port 31.

[0152] The working principle of the magnetic separator provided by the present embodiment is as follows:

[0153] In the process that the drive member 25 drives the driving wheel 24 to rotate, the driving wheel 24 drives the synchronous wheel 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt 23, and the synchronous wheel 22 drives the magnetic conveying belt 21 to rotate and convey, so as to synchronously rotate and convey the two groups of magnetic conveying belts 21.

[0154] Please refer to Figure 12 (a) to Figure 12 (b), in the process that the magnetic conveying belt 21 rotates and operates, the driving part of the magnetic conveying belt 21 drives the synchronous disc 221 to rotate, the synchronous disc 221 pulls the synchronous shaft 52 to move downward first when rotating through the first telescopic member 51, the synchronous shaft 52 pulls the movable block 6 to move downward, the movable block 6 synchronously moves the guide fence 4 downward through the synchronous rod 61, and the movable block 6 switches from the lifting state to the pressing state, so as to realize the downward movement of the movable block 6 by using the power of the drive member 25.

[0155] Please refer to Figure 12 (b) to Figure 12(c), after the movable block 6 is adjusted to the depressed state, when the synchronization disc 221 continues to rotate, the synchronization disc 221 pulls the first telescopic part 51 to be elastically stretched, so as to guarantee the stable rotation of the synchronization disc 221;

[0156] Similarly, when the synchronization disc 221 continues to rotate, the synchronization disc 221 first pushes the first telescopic part 51 to be contracted, and then pushes the synchronization shaft 52 to move upwards through the first telescopic part 51, the synchronization shaft 52 drives the movable block 6 to move upwards, and the movable block 6 drives the guide flow screen 4 to move upwards synchronously through the synchronization rod 61;

[0157] So that when the driving part 25 drives the magnetic separation conveying belt 21 to rotate and convey, the movable block 6 and the guide flow screen 4 are also synchronously driven to adjust the lifting, so that the uniform distribution and extrusion crushing of the materials can be realized while the materials are conveyed, and the stable conveying of the materials can be guaranteed.

[0158] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structural transformation, direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, or the like within the concept of the present application, and the contents of the present application specification and drawings are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ceramic material from lithium slag produced by acid method using spodumene, characterized in that, Comprise the following steps: Step S1, component analysis, comprehensive component analysis of lithium slag; Step S2, magnetic separation of iron, using a magnetic separator to pass the lithium slag through a magnetic field, so that the magnetic iron impurities therein are adsorbed and separated; Step S3, particle size adjustment, using mechanical equipment to classify and grind the lithium slag; Step S4, mixing ball milling, according to the preset formula ratio, lithium slag, kaolin, feldspar, quartz and additives are added to the ball mill in proportion, add appropriate amount of water, ball mill mixing 2-4 hours, make the raw materials fully mixed and uniform, get uniform ceramic green material slurry.

2. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using lithium feldspar acid method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component analysis in step S1 mainly uses ICP spectrometer to accurately determine the content of silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, lithium, potassium and sodium in lithium slag.

3. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical equipment in step S3 includes a vibrating screen and a ball mill. The lithium slag is first filtered and separated into different particle size levels by the vibrating screen, and the coarse particle material is fed into the interior of the ball mill for ball milling.

4. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additive in step S4 is a fluxing agent, such as borax and lithium carbonate.

5. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 4, characterized in that, The total amount of the fluxing agent added is 1%-5% of the total amount of lithium slag, kaolin, feldspar and quartz.

6. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset formula ratio in step S4 is that the proportion of lithium slag is 30%-60%, the proportion of kaolin is 10%-30%, the proportion of feldspar is 10%-30%, and the proportion of quartz is 5%-20%.

7. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising the following steps: Step S5, shaping, the mixed slurry is made into a granular blank with certain fluidity by spray drying, and the granular blank is made into the required ceramic body shape; Step S6, sintering, the shaped ceramic body is put into a kiln for sintering treatment.

8. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S5, the granular blank is pressed into shape by pressing.

9. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S6, during sintering, first slowly heat in the low temperature stage to remove water and organic matter in the body, and the heating rate is controlled at 3-5℃ / min; then quickly heat to the sintering temperature in the high temperature stage, and keep warm for 1-3 hours to make the ceramic body densified, and finally slowly cool to room temperature to obtain the ceramic material product.

10. The method for preparing ceramic materials from lithium slag by using acid method of spodumene to extract lithium according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature range of the low temperature stage is 300-600℃, and the temperature range of the high temperature stage is 1000-1200℃.

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