Composite anti-seepage structure for concrete structural joint of pressure water delivery tunnel and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure water delivery tunnel concrete structural joint composite anti-seepage structure and a construction method, the pressure water delivery tunnel concrete structural joint composite anti-seepage structure is bonded in a structural joint, and the pressure water delivery tunnel concrete structural joint composite anti-seepage structure comprises a water stop plate, a bi-component polysulfide sealant layer and a polyurea coating layer; the water stop plate comprises a plate body, a wing plate and barbs; the plate body is inserted into the structural joint; the wing plate is fixed at one end of the plate body; one ends of the barbs are fixed on the plate surface of the plate body, and the other ends of the barbs are far away from the plate surface of the plate body and extend towards the wing plate; the two wall faces, opposite to the tunnel lining concrete surface, of the wing plate are coated with the two-component polysulfide sealant layers. And the polyurea coating layers are sprayed on the plate surfaces of the sides, away from the tunnel lining concrete surface, of the wing plates and the tunnel lining concrete surface corresponding to the two sides of the wing plates. The plate body is bonded to the structural joint through the two-component polysulfide sealant to form a first water stop structure, the polyurea coating layer forms a second water stop structure, the two water stop structures construct a reliable and stable structural joint composite anti-seepage system, and the anti-seepage effect of the structural joint is effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel structure joint anti-seepage, and more particularly to a composite anti-seepage structure for a concrete structure joint of a pressurized water delivery tunnel and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large long-distance water diversion projects, inverted siphons and tunnels are widely used. The structure joints of these buildings are used to deal with the damage caused by temperature, concrete shrinkage, settlement, external load and constraint condition difference, such as joint section disengagement, large deformation, stress concentration, etc. The anti-seepage effect of the structure joint is crucial to the safety of the project. Once the anti-seepage treatment is improper, a water permeation channel will be formed, threatening the stability of the project.

[0003] The utility model patent with the publication number CN220813692U discloses a new rubber waterstop structure for a lining concrete plate structure joint of a water diversion tunnel, which comprises a structure joint, a groove in communication with the structure joint, a rubber plate placed in the structure joint and the groove, and an epoxy mortar layer filled between the rubber plate and the sidewalls of the groove. The rubber plate comprises a vertical plate and wing plates extending from the top of the vertical plate to both sides, and the wing plates on both sides and the vertical plate form a "T" shaped structure. At least one through hole is formed in the vertical plate, and inclined strips are arranged on both sides of the vertical plate. The inclined strips are inclined from the sidewall of the vertical plate to the inner side of the wing plate. The structure design of the rubber plate facilitates construction, the "T" shaped structure design facilitates insertion into the structure joint, the arrangement of the inclined strips in the rubber plate increases the tightness of the contact between the vertical plate and the sidewall of the structure joint, and the arrangement of the epoxy mortar layer increases the waterproof effect of the device. However, the construction is inconvenient, the construction period is long, the stress concentration at the root of the vertical plate causes deformation rebound, the resistance to reverse water pressure is poor, and the economic benefit is low. The existing waterstop rubber is in a rectangular structure, and must be placed in a groove at the original structure joint position, which damages the prestressed concrete, makes it difficult to groove, consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, affects the construction period and increases the cost. The vertical plate of the rubber plate is generally trapezoidal, the root of the vertical plate is the widest, the root of the vertical plate is squeezed to cause stress concentration after caulking, and deformation rebound exists after installation, which affects the engineering quality. The rubber plate and the concrete surface are physically bonded by unvulcanized butyl rubber, the bonding strength is low, and when the tunnel is drained, the rubber plate waterstop is easily disengaged from the concrete under the action of reverse water pressure, which damages the rubber waterstop and requires reinstallation.

[0004] A utility model patent with publication number CN209873746U discloses a water-stopping structure for structural joints in high-pressure water conveyance tunnels. The structure includes a U-shaped copper water-stopping sheet and a composite water-stopping strip module. The groove is filled with acrylic emulsion mortar, and sealant is applied to the joint opening. Finally, a polyurea coating is applied to both the mortar and the sealant. In this seepage-proof structure, the copper water-stopping sheet is widely used in water conservancy projects, and its quality is significantly affected by the concrete construction. Insufficient compaction can easily create leakage channels. Water conveyance projects have high requirements for water-stopping, and copper water-stopping alone is insufficient to meet leakage requirements. While the surface is sealed with a polyurea coating for seepage prevention, the joint opening is filled with sealant. However, sealant is relatively soft and has poor support. Under high-pressure water, the polyurea in the joint area is pressed into the joint, causing localized tearing of the polyurea and sealant detachment. This leaves the lower water-stop strip directly bearing the high-pressure water, making it prone to damage and ultimately causing the seepage-proof system to fail. Rubber waterstops also need to be grooved and placed before being backfilled with acrylic emulsion mortar, which damages the original concrete structure and involves complex procedures, thus increasing the difficulty and cost of construction.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a water-stopping structure for structural joints that can ensure that prestressed concrete is not damaged and has a good seepage prevention effect is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite seepage-proof structure and construction method for concrete structural joints in pressurized water conveyance tunnels. The waterstop plate is directly bonded inside the structural joint, eliminating the need to groove the concrete at the corresponding structural joint location, thus solving the problem of damage to prestressed concrete caused by grooving at the structural joint. The plate is bonded to the structural joint with a two-component polysulfide sealant to form the first waterstop structure. Polyurea coating is sprayed onto the surface of the wing plate and the tunnel lining concrete structural joint to form the second waterstop structure, thus constructing a reliable and stable composite seepage-proof system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A composite seepage-proof structure for concrete structural joints in a pressurized water conveyance tunnel, bonded in the structural joint, includes a waterstop, a two-component polysulfide sealant layer, and a polyurea coating layer.

[0009] The waterstop plate includes a plate body, wing plates, and barbs; the plate body is arranged parallel to the joint surface of the structural joint and inserted into the structural joint; the wing plate is arranged perpendicular to the plate body and fixed to one end of the plate body, and the wing plate can abut against the surface of the tunnel lining concrete; there are multiple barbs, one end of which is fixed to the plate body surface, and the other end extends away from the plate body surface and toward the wing plate.

[0010] The two-component polysulfide sealant layer is applied to the two walls of the flange opposite to the surface of the tunnel lining concrete; the polyurea coating layer is sprayed on the side of the flange away from the surface of the tunnel lining concrete and on the surface of the tunnel lining concrete corresponding to both sides of the flange.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are that the barbs facilitate the insertion of the plate into the structural joint; the two-component polysulfide sealant layer is applied to the two opposing walls of the wing plate and the tunnel lining concrete surface to form the first water-stopping structure; the polyurea coating layer is applied to the wing plate and the tunnel lining concrete surface on both sides of the wing plate to form the second water-stopping structure. The two water-stopping structures construct a reliable and stable composite seepage prevention system for the structural joint, which effectively improves the seepage prevention effect at the structural joint.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the wing plate in the middle is greater than the thickness of its two ends, and the side of the wing plate away from the tunnel lining concrete surface is an arc-shaped transition surface. The wing plate is designed to be thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends, allowing it to be directly bonded to the concrete surface at the structural joint. This solves the problem of needing to groove the concrete at the structural joint to place the waterstop. In practical applications, a narrower plate can be selected. By reducing the width of the plate, the problem of stress concentration and deformation rebound near the wing plate is solved.

[0013] Preferably, the plate body, wing plates, and barbs are all made of rubber and integrally molded. This integral molding method ensures the overall stability of the waterstop plate.

[0014] Preferably, the plate has multiple through holes. These through holes allow for a certain amount of compression space, facilitating the insertion of the plate into the structural joint.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the plate away from the wing plate has a rounded surface. This further facilitates the insertion of the plate into the structural seam.

[0016] Preferably, an interface agent layer is applied between the surface of the wing plate and the polyurea coating layer. The interface agent ensures the adhesion of the polyurea coating to the wing plate, guaranteeing the stability and effectiveness of the second waterproofing structure.

[0017] Preferably, the tunnel lining concrete surface on both sides of the flange is provided with an epoxy coating and a polyurethane coating from bottom to top, and the polyurea coating layer is sprayed on the polyurethane coating. The epoxy coating and polyurethane coating serve as primers for the tunnel lining concrete surface, which can improve the adhesion between the polyurea coating and the concrete.

[0018] Preferably, the surface of the tunnel lining concrete has a groove, and the epoxy coating, polyurethane coating and polyurea coating extend into the groove.

[0019] Preferably, the cross-section of the groove is triangular, with a groove depth of not less than 5 mm and a groove width of not more than 20 mm.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the groove can prevent high-speed water flow from directly scouring the edge of the sprayed polyurea, and can effectively protect the sprayed polyurea from being scoured and damaged.

[0021] This invention also provides a construction method for a composite seepage-proof structure for concrete structural joints in pressurized water conveyance tunnels. The method utilizes the water-stopping structure of the concrete structural joints in the pressurized water conveyance tunnel lining as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Grind the concrete surface of the tunnel lining on both sides of the structural joint.

[0023] S2. Apply two-component polysulfide sealant to the two walls opposite the surface of the tunnel lining concrete to form a two-component polysulfide sealant layer; within one hour of applying the two-component polysulfide sealant, insert the plate into the structural joint and hammer the wing plate to bond it to the surface of the tunnel lining concrete.

[0024] S3. Install the waterstop plate section by section, and use rollers to repeatedly roll the flange plate to make it fit tightly against the surface of the tunnel lining concrete.

[0025] S4. Spray polyurea coating onto the side of the wing plate away from the plate body and the tunnel lining concrete surface on both sides of the corresponding wing plate to form a polyurea coating layer.

[0026] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a composite anti-seepage structure and construction method for concrete structural joints in pressurized water conveyance tunnels. This significantly improves the anti-seepage performance of tunnel structural joints, reduces seepage, and lowers maintenance costs caused by leakage. By adjusting the shape of the waterstop flange, the concrete grooving step at the structural joint location is eliminated, preventing damage to prestressed concrete, saving significant manpower and resources, and drastically reducing the construction period. By designing the flange as a structure that gradually thins from the middle to both ends, the flange width can be reduced, solving the problem of stress concentration and deformation rebound near the flange, reducing construction difficulty, and ensuring construction quality. By using a two-component polysulfide sealant instead of the uncured butyl rubber in the prior art, the bonding strength between the flange and the concrete is greatly enhanced, avoiding damage to the anti-seepage system caused by reverse water pressure during tunnel drainage and maintenance, enhancing the durability of the anti-seepage system, and extending its service life. The waterstop structure provided by the present invention has excellent practical value and high economic benefits for the anti-seepage treatment and maintenance of pressurized water conveyance tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the waterstop plate structure provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structural joint waterproofing structure provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the diagram;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C in the diagram.

[0033] Among them, 1-plate body; 2-wing plate; 3-barb; 4-through hole; 5-structural joint; 6-two-component polysulfide sealant layer; 7-epoxy coating; 8-polyurethane coating; 9-interface agent layer; 10-polyurea coating layer; 11-groove; 12-tunnel lining concrete surface; 13-joint surface. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Participate in the attached Figures 1 to 5According to an embodiment of the present invention, a composite seepage-proof structure for concrete structural joints in a pressurized water conveyance tunnel is bonded to the structural joint 5, which can significantly improve the seepage-proof performance of the tunnel structural joint, reduce the amount of seepage, and reduce the maintenance and repair costs caused by leakage. The structure includes a waterstop, a two-component polysulfide sealant layer 6, and a polyurea coating layer 10. The waterstop includes a plate body 1, wing plates 2, and barbs 3. The surface of the plate body 1 is arranged parallel to the joint surface 13 of the structural joint 4 and inserted into the structural joint 5. The surface of the wing plates 2 is arranged perpendicular to the plate body 1 and fixed to one end of the plate body 1. The surface of the wing plates 2 can be bonded to the tunnel lining. The concrete surface 12 abuts against the wing plate 2; the thickness of the middle part of the wing plate 2 is greater than the thickness of its two ends, and the side of the wing plate 2 away from the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 is an arc-shaped transition surface; there are multiple barbs 3, one end of which is fixed to the surface of the plate 1, and the other end is away from the surface of the plate 1 and extends towards the wing plate 2; the two-component polysulfide sealant layer 6 is applied to the two walls of the wing plate 2 opposite to the tunnel lining concrete surface 12; the polyurea coating layer 10 is sprayed on the side of the wing plate 2 away from the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 and the tunnel lining concrete surfaces 12 on both sides of the corresponding wing plate 2.

[0037] This embodiment uses a two-component polysulfide sealant layer on both sides of the wing plate and the tunnel lining concrete surface, replacing the uncured butyl rubber in the prior art. The two-component polysulfide sealant layer serves as the first water-stopping structure, significantly enhancing the bond strength between the water-stop plate and the concrete. This avoids damage to the anti-seepage system caused by reverse water pressure during tunnel drainage and maintenance, enhancing the durability of the anti-seepage system and extending its service life. The polyurea coating layer is applied to the wing plate surface away from the plate body and the tunnel lining concrete surface on both sides of the corresponding wing plate, forming a second water-stopping structure. Together with the first water-stopping structure, this forms a double anti-seepage system, effectively ensuring the anti-seepage effect at the structural joints.

[0038] In some other specific embodiments, the thickness of the middle part of the wing plate 3 is 8 mm, and the thickness of the middle part gradually changes to 1.5 mm at both ends, which does not affect the flow of high-pressure water at the wing plate 3.

[0039] To further optimize the above technical solution and ensure the integrity and consistency of the waterstop plate, the plate body 1, the wing plate 2 and the barbs 3 are all made of rubber and are integrally molded.

[0040] This embodiment modifies the shape of the existing T-shaped rubber waterstop by firstly adjusting the flange to a structure that is thicker in the middle and thinner at the edges. This type of waterstop can be directly pasted onto the tunnel lining concrete surface at the corresponding structural joint, solving the problem of needing to groove the waterstop at the structural joint, without damaging the prestressed concrete, while saving a significant amount of manpower and resources and greatly shortening the construction period. Secondly, by adding barbs to reduce the width of the plate near the flange end, the problem of stress concentration and deformation rebound at the root of the plate is solved, reducing construction difficulty and ensuring construction quality. The rubber barbs undergo flexible deformation during the insertion of the plate into the structural joint, and after insertion, the barbs have a tendency to return to their original position, allowing the plate to be held in place within the structural joint. Combined with the bonding effect of the two-component polysulfide sealant layer, this ensures effective installation of the plate.

[0041] Furthermore, this embodiment replaces the traditional method of bonding the waterstop with uncured butyl rubber with a two-component polysulfide sealant. This transforms the bonding material's performance from simple physical adhesion to chemical adhesion, significantly improving bond strength and solving the problem of poor resistance to reverse water pressure during drainage. The waterstop is no longer damaged under reverse water pressure during drainage. The waterstop is bonded to the structural joint with the two-component polysulfide sealant, forming the first layer of seepage prevention. Polyurea coating is sprayed onto the surface of the wing plate away from the plate body and a certain range on both sides of the tunnel lining concrete surface, forming the second layer of seepage prevention, thus constructing a reliable and stable composite seepage prevention system. The surface spraying of polyurea protects the waterstop; the waterstop also serves as a supporting material for the surface spraying of polyurea, avoiding unevenness in polyurea caulking, reducing polyurea deformation, and preventing excessive deformation of the polyurea material under internal pressure during water filling and back pressure during drainage, which could lead to tensile cracking damage.

[0042] To further optimize the above technical solution and ensure smooth insertion of the plate into the structural seam, the end of the plate 1 away from the wing plate 2 is an arc surface; multiple through holes 4 are provided on the plate 1. The through holes 4 are located at the ends of the plate 1 and extend along its length. The through holes 4 are arranged in two rows, upper and lower. The through holes 4 enable the plate 1 to have a certain compressive force. With the use of barbs 3, the plate 1 can be easily inserted into the structural seam 5.

[0043] To further optimize the above technical solution and ensure the bonding effect between the polyurea coating and the wing plate, an interface agent layer 9 is applied between the surface of the wing plate 2 and the polyurea coating 10.

[0044] To further optimize the above technical solution, the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 on both sides of the corresponding wing plate 2 is provided with an epoxy coating 7 and a polyurethane coating 8 from bottom to top, and a polyurea coating layer 10 is sprayed on the polyurethane coating 8.

[0045] Before applying the polyurea coating, epoxy and polyurethane coatings are first applied to the concrete surface of the tunnel lining on both sides of the wing plate as a primer to ensure the adhesion between the polyurea coating and the concrete.

[0046] To further optimize the above technical solution, an epoxy primer is applied to the concrete surface for pretreatment before applying the two-component polysulfide sealant. The two-component polysulfide sealant is then evenly applied over the epoxy primer. After applying the two-component polysulfide sealant, the panel should be placed in the structural joint within one hour. The two-component polysulfide sealant can firmly bond the wing plate to the concrete surface, achieving a reverse water pressure resistance of 0.6 MPa. Compared to the traditional method of bonding rubber sheets to concrete using uncured butyl rubber, this significantly improves the bonding strength of the rubber sheet and its resistance to reverse water pressure after the panel is installed.

[0047] To further optimize the above technical solution, polyurea coating is sprayed onto the surface of the wing plate, with a total coating thickness of not less than 3mm, forming a composite seepage prevention structure system for the concrete slab structure joint of the pressurized water conveyance tunnel lining.

[0048] In this embodiment, a groove 11 is formed on the surface 12 of the tunnel lining concrete, into which the epoxy coating 7, polyurethane coating 8, and polyurea coating layer 10 extend. The groove 11 has a right-angled triangular cross-section, with its bottom wall being an inclined plane extending towards the flange; the groove depth of the groove 11 is no more than 5 mm, and the groove width is no more than 20 mm. The inverted triangular shape of the groove 11 can prevent high-speed water flow from directly eroding the edge of the polyurea coating 10, effectively protecting the polyurea coating 10 from erosion damage.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] A water-stopping construction method for concrete structural joints in a pressurized water conveyance tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, using a composite anti-seepage structure for concrete structural joints in a pressurized water conveyance tunnel as described in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Grind the concrete surface 12 of the tunnel lining on both sides of structural joint 5. The grinding range is within 40mm of the concrete surface 12 of the tunnel lining on both sides of structural joint 5, and the grinding depth does not exceed 10mm. Grind until the coarse aggregate is exposed. At the same time, remove the closed-cell foam board and other debris inside structural joint 5. Remove the laitance on the joint surface. After grinding and cleaning, wipe the loose soil on the concrete surface with anhydrous ethanol. The base surface should be clean and dry. When accepting the test, the surface should be free of traces when wiped with white gloves.

[0052] S2. Apply two-component polysulfide sealant to the two walls opposite to the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 to form a two-component polysulfide sealant layer 6; within one hour of applying the two-component polysulfide sealant, insert the plate 1 into the structural joint 5 and hammer the wing plate 2 to bond it to the tunnel lining concrete surface.

[0053] When the wing plate 2 is bonded and fixed to the tunnel lining concrete surface 12, the two-component polysulfide sealant on the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 can be squeezed into the structural joint 5 by hammering the wing plate, so that there is also two-component polysulfide sealant between the two sides of the plate body 1 and the joint surface of the structural joint 5. At the same time as the wing plate 2 is bonded and fixed to the tunnel lining concrete surface 12, the joint surface of the plate body 1 and the structural joint 5 are also bonded and fixed.

[0054] S21. Use masking tape to stick the material 10mm away from the edge of the structural joint 5, parallel to the length of the structural joint 5.

[0055] S22. Apply a primer to the concrete surface 12 and joint surface 13 of the tunnel lining for pretreatment. The primer is an epoxy primer. The epoxy primer covers the joint surface 12 and the two walls opposite to the concrete surface 12 of the wing plate 2. At the same time, ensure the thickness of the epoxy primer. After testing, the thickness of the epoxy primer should be ≥0.2mm. After the epoxy primer has cured, apply a two-component polysulfide sealant layer as soon as possible to prevent dust from contaminating the base surface. The curing time of the primer is about 1-1.5 hours.

[0056] S23. Using the work platform, apply a special primer to both sides of the board 1, and ensure that the primer can only be applied to the surface of the board 1 and does not exceed the area of ​​the board 1 surface. It will generally dry in 3-5 minutes.

[0057] S24. Using a caulking gun, apply two-component polysulfide sealant to both sides of the board 1. When applying the sealant, prevent air bubbles from getting in and compact it to form a two-component polysulfide sealant layer 6. The thickness of the two-component polysulfide sealant layer is about 3mm.

[0058] S25. After applying two-component polysulfide sealant, panel 1 should be placed in structural joint 5 within one hour.

[0059] S3. Install the plate 1 section by section. Start from one side and install it circumferentially to the other side. Use a rubber hammer to hammer the middle of the wing plate and hammer the plate 1 into the structural joint 5. Then use a roller to repeatedly and separately roll the left and right sides of the wing plate 2 until the wing plate 2 is tightly attached to the surface 12 of the tunnel lining concrete.

[0060] S4. Spray polyurea coating onto the side of the wing plate 2 away from the plate body 1 and the tunnel lining concrete surface 12 on both sides of the corresponding wing plate 2 to form a polyurea coating layer 10.

[0061] S41. Clean the wing plate 2 thoroughly, wipe it twice with a damp microfiber cloth, and then wipe it with a microfiber cloth dipped in anhydrous alcohol to remove oil, adhering substances, dust and other debris from the surface to be bonded, and ensure that the surface to be bonded is dry and flat to prevent poor bonding.

[0062] S42. Wipe the concrete surface 12 of the tunnel lining clean, ensuring that there are no traces when wiping with white gloves. After brushing the epoxy coating and polyurethane coating onto the concrete surface 12 of the tunnel lining, wipe the activator onto the side of the flange 2 away from the plate 1. After drying for 3-5 minutes and no longer sticky to the touch, apply the interface agent of the rubber material to form the interface agent layer 9. Ensure that the activator and interface agent can only be applied to the surface of the flange 2 and must not exceed the surface area of ​​the flange 2. After drying for about 40 minutes and no longer sticky to the touch, spray the polyurea coating.

[0063] S43. The total thickness of the polyurea coating layer 10 is 3mm, and the spraying range is the structural joint 5 and the polished area, extending into the groove 11.

[0064] This embodiment can significantly improve the seepage prevention performance of the structural joints of pressurized water conveyance tunnels, reduce the amount of seepage, and reduce the maintenance and repair costs caused by water leakage. By optimizing the shape of the rubber sheet and the adhesive material, the durability of the seepage prevention system can be enhanced and the service life can be extended. It has good practical value for seepage prevention treatment and maintenance of existing pressurized water conveyance tunnels.

[0065] Compared to existing technologies, this invention utilizes a composite seepage prevention system based on a "waterstop board-polyurea base." Firstly, it modifies the shape of the waterstop board's flanges, innovatively designing them to be thicker in the middle and thinner on both sides, uniformly thinning from 8mm to 1.5mm towards both ends. This design does not affect the flow of high-pressure water, allowing the waterstop board to be directly adhered to the surface of the structural joint, eliminating the need for grooving, preventing damage to the prestressed concrete, saving significant manpower and resources, and greatly shortening the construction period. Secondly, it reduces the width at the base of the board, resolving stress concentration at the base and addressing the issue of deformation and rebound of the waterstop board, thus reducing construction difficulty and ensuring construction quality. Thirdly, it adjusts the bonding material between the waterstop board and the concrete. A two-component polysulfide sealant and its matching primer are used for bonding between the board and the concrete surface. This prevents damage to the seepage prevention structure due to reverse water pressure during drainage. The two-component polysulfide sealant bonded to the concrete forms the first layer of seepage prevention. A polyurea coating is sprayed onto the surface of the flanges and a certain area of ​​the concrete wall on both sides, forming the second layer of seepage prevention, thus constructing a reliable and stable composite seepage prevention system.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0067] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A composite anti-seepage structure for a concrete structure joint of a water conveyance tunnel under pressure, bonded in a structure joint (5), characterized in that, The water stop plate, the two-component polysulfide sealant layer (6) and the polyurea coating layer (10); The water stop plate comprises a plate body (1), a wing plate (2) and barbs (3); the plate surface of the plate body (1) is arranged parallel to the joint surface (13) of the structural joint (4) and is inserted into the structural joint (5); the plate surface of the wing plate (2) is arranged perpendicular to the plate body (1) and is fixed at one end of the plate body (1), and the plate surface of the wing plate (2) can abut against the tunnel lining concrete surface (12); the barbs (3) are multiple in number, one end of each of which is fixed on the plate surface of the plate body (1) and the other end of each of which extends away from the plate surface of the plate body (1) and towards the wing plate (2); The two-component polysulfide sealant layer (6) is brushed on the two wall surfaces of the wing plate (2) opposite to the tunnel lining concrete surface (12); and the polyurea coating layer (10) is sprayed on the one side plate surface of the wing plate (2) away from the tunnel lining concrete surface (12) and the tunnel lining concrete surfaces (12) corresponding to the two sides of the wing plate (2).

2. The composite anti-seepage structure of a concrete structure joint of a pressurized water delivery tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle part of the wing plate (2) has a thickness greater than that of the two ends thereof, and the one side plate surface of the wing plate (2) away from the tunnel lining concrete surface (12) is an arc transition surface.

3. The composite anti-seepage structure of the concrete structure joint of the pressurized water delivery tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate body (1), the wing plate (2) and the barbs (3) are all made of rubber material and are integrally formed.

4. The composite anti-seepage structure of concrete structure joints of water conveyance tunnel under pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of through holes (4) are formed in the plate body (1).

5. The composite anti-seepage structure of concrete structure joints of water conveyance tunnel under pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one end of the plate body (1) away from the wing plate (2) is a circular arc surface.

6. The composite anti-seepage structure of a concrete structure joint of a pressurized water delivery tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, An interface agent layer (9) is brushed between the plate surface of the wing plate (2) and the polyurea coating layer (10).

7. The composite anti-seepage structure of a concrete structure joint of a pressurized water delivery tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel lining concrete surfaces (12) corresponding to the two sides of the wing plate (2) are sequentially provided with an epoxy coating layer (7) and a polyurethane coating layer (8) from bottom to top, and the polyurethane coating layer (8) is sprayed with the polyurea coating layer (10).

8. A composite anti-seepage structure for concrete structure joints of water conveyance tunnels under pressure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tunnel lining concrete surface (12) is provided with an embedding groove (11), and the epoxy coating layer (7), the polyurethane coating layer (8) and the polyurea coating layer (10) extend into the embedding groove (11).

9. A composite anti-seepage structure for concrete structure joints of water conveyance tunnels under pressure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cross section of the embedding groove (11) is triangular, the groove depth is not less than 5 mm, and the groove width is not greater than 20 mm.

10. A method of constructing a composite anti-seepage structure of a concrete structure joint of a pressurized water conveyance tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, polishing the tunnel lining concrete surfaces (12) on the two sides of the structural joint (5); S2, brushing two-component polysulfide sealant on the two wall surfaces of the wing plate (2) opposite to the tunnel lining concrete surfaces (12) to form a two-component polysulfide sealant layer (6); inserting the plate body (1) into the structural joint (5) and hammering the wing plate (2) to make it adhere to the tunnel lining concrete surface within one hour after brushing the two-component polysulfide sealant; S3, installing the water stop plate section by section and repeatedly rolling the wing plate (2) with a roller to make it closely adhere to the tunnel lining concrete surface (12); S4, spraying polyurea coating on the one side plate surface of the wing plate (2) away from the plate body (1) and the tunnel lining concrete surfaces (12) corresponding to the two sides of the wing plate (2) to form a polyurea coating layer (10).

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