Speed change device for drilling machine
By designing a speed-changing device that includes a hydraulic motor and gear assembly, the problem of complex structure of drill pipe speed control device was solved, enabling flexible adjustment of drill pipe speed and torque, and improving drilling efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511638040.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing drill pipe rotation speed device has a complex structure, resulting in a delayed response and an inability to adjust in a timely manner, which increases construction costs and restricts the development of drilling operations.
A speed-changing device comprising a hydraulic motor assembly, a power input gear assembly, and a power output gear assembly was designed. The drill rod speed and torque are dynamically adjusted through the gear adjustment assembly. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.
It enables flexible adjustment of drill pipe speed and torque, improves drilling efficiency, reduces the risk of failure, and simplifies the device structure and operation process.
Smart Images
Figure CN121229593A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a speed change device for drilling rigs. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of drilling engineering, the drill rod, as the core component for underground drilling operations, directly determines drilling efficiency and hole quality. During operation, the drill rod must maintain high-speed rotation, achieving ground penetration through continuous friction and impact between the drill bit and the rock strata. After the drilling task is completed, the dozens or even hundreds of connected drill rod sections must be lifted to the surface section by section using a hoisting system. The entire process places extremely high demands on the stability and control precision of the drill rod. The operating parameters of the drill pipe are not fixed and need to be dynamically adjusted according to the actual working conditions. The most critical parameter is the rotational speed. When drilling at different depths, the drill pipe load is smaller in shallow operations, so the rotational speed can be appropriately increased to speed up the process. However, as the drilling depth increases, the weight of the drill pipe itself and the resistance of the formation increase significantly. If the rotational speed is too high, it can easily cause drill pipe vibration, fatigue fracture, and other risks. In this case, the rotational speed needs to be reduced and the torque ratio optimized. In addition, the actual conditions of the borehole also serve as a basis for adjustment. For example, in loose and easily collapsible sand layers, the rotational speed needs to be reduced and mud slurry should be used to protect the borehole wall to prevent deformation. In hard rock formations, precise rotational speed adjustment is required to balance drilling efficiency and drill bit wear. However, current devices used in the industry to adjust drill pipe rotation speed generally suffer from complex structures. These devices typically integrate multiple systems, including power transmission, hydraulic control, and data monitoring, which not only makes installation and maintenance difficult but also results in response delays. For example, when formation conditions change suddenly, rotation speed adjustments often cannot keep up in time, potentially leading to borehole deviation, drill string damage, and other malfunctions. This increases construction costs and hinders the development of drilling operations. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a speed change device for drilling rigs to solve the problem of complex structure in current drill rod speed change devices.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a speed change device for drilling rigs, including a hydraulic motor assembly, a power input gear assembly, and a power output gear assembly. The power input gear assembly includes an input gear section and an input bearing section, and a power input internal spline is provided inside the power input gear assembly.
[0005] The input bearing section is fixedly connected to the first bearing section, and the first bearing section is fixedly connected to the device housing; the power input internal spline key is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic motor assembly, and the housing of the hydraulic motor assembly is fixedly connected to the device housing; the input gear section is meshed with the outer gear assembly.
[0006] The outer gear assembly meshes with the power output gear assembly, which is used to connect to downstream devices; the outer gear assembly also meshes with the inner gear assembly; the outer gear assembly is fitted with a gear adjustment assembly, which is used to adjust the connection between the outer gear assembly and the inner gear assembly.
[0007] Furthermore, the outer gear assembly includes an outer first gear assembly, which includes an outer first gear input section, an outer first gear output section, and a first adjustment groove. The gear adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment component, which is used to laterally adjust the position of the outer first gear assembly. An outer first gear input internal spline is provided on the inner side of the outer first gear input section, which is used to mesh with the input gear section. The power output gear assembly is provided with an output shaft external spline, which meshes with the output shaft external spline.
[0008] Furthermore, the outer gear assembly includes an outer second gear assembly, which is sleeved on the power input gear assembly and rotatably connected to the power input gear assembly. The outer second gear assembly is provided with outer second gear stepped teeth, which are used for meshing with the inner side of the output part of the outer first gear.
[0009] Furthermore, the outer gear assembly includes an outer third gear assembly and an outer fourth gear assembly. The outer third gear assembly is rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft assembly via a bearing. The outer third gear assembly includes an outer third gear stepped tooth. The outer fourth gear assembly has a second adjustment groove on its outer side, and a second adjustment component is connected to the second adjustment groove. The second adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the outer fourth gear assembly laterally. The outer third gear stepped tooth meshes with the inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly. The second rotating shaft assembly includes a second rotating shaft gear portion, which meshes with the outer second gear assembly.
[0010] Furthermore, the outer fourth gear assembly is internally meshed with an inner gear assembly, and the inner gear assembly is meshed with a second rotating shaft assembly.
[0011] Furthermore, the outer gear assembly includes an outer fifth gear assembly, the inner side of which is meshed with the second rotating shaft assembly, and the outer side of which is meshed with the input gear portion.
[0012] Furthermore, the outer gear assembly includes an outer sixth gear assembly, which is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft assembly via a bearing. The outer sixth gear assembly includes an outer sixth gear stepped tooth, which is used for inner meshing with the outer fourth gear assembly. The outer fourth gear assembly is outer meshing with the outer first gear output section.
[0013] Furthermore, a second bearing portion is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft assembly, and the second bearing portion is used to fix the housing of the connecting device.
[0014] Furthermore, the gear adjustment assembly includes a first handle and a second handle, the first handle being connected to the first adjustment assembly and the second handle being connected to the second adjustment assembly, the first handle and the second handle being used by the operator.
[0015] Furthermore, the gear adjustment assembly includes an adjustment fixing part, which is rotatably connected to the first adjustment assembly and the second adjustment assembly, and is fixedly connected to the device housing. The adjustment fixing part is used to fix the first adjustment assembly and the second adjustment assembly.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the speed change device for drilling rigs provided by this invention are as follows: It includes a hydraulic motor assembly, a power input gear assembly, and a power output gear assembly. The power input gear assembly includes an input gear section and an input bearing section, and an internal power input spline is provided inside the power input gear assembly. The input bearing section is fixedly connected to a first bearing section, which is fixedly connected to the device housing. The internal power input spline is keyed to the power shaft of the hydraulic motor assembly, and the housing of the hydraulic motor assembly is fixedly connected to the device housing. The input gear section is meshed with an outer gear assembly. The outer gear assembly meshes with the power output gear assembly, which is used to connect to subsequent devices. The outer gear assembly also meshes with an inner gear assembly. A gear adjustment assembly is connected to the outer gear assembly, which is used to adjust the connection between the outer and inner gear assemblies. The operator only needs to operate the gear adjustment assembly to switch between different gears, thereby adjusting the drill rod speed and torque. This speed change device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a speed transmission device for a drilling rig. Figure 2 Exploded view of the internal structure of the speed transmission device for a drilling rig; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall speed change device for a drilling rig. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 The present invention will now be described in further detail as a speed change device for drilling rigs.
[0019] like Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a speed change device for a drilling rig, including a hydraulic motor assembly 800, a power input gear assembly 100, and a power output gear assembly 500. The power input gear assembly 100 includes an input gear section 110 and an input bearing section 120, and a power input internal spline 130 is provided inside the power input gear assembly 100. The input bearing section 120 is fixedly connected to a first bearing section 710, and the first bearing section 710 is fixedly connected to a device housing 900. The power input internal spline 130 is keyed to the power shaft of the hydraulic motor assembly 800, and the housing of the hydraulic motor assembly 800 is fixedly connected to the device housing 900. The input gear section 110 is meshed with an outer gear assembly. The outer gear assembly is meshed with the power output gear assembly 500, which is used to connect to subsequent devices. The outer gear assembly is also meshed with an inner gear assembly 300. A gear adjustment assembly is fitted to the outer gear assembly, which is used to adjust the connection between the outer gear assembly and the inner gear assembly 300.
[0020] The outer gear assembly includes an outer first gear assembly 210, which includes an outer first gear input section 211, an outer first gear output section 212, and a first adjustment groove 213. The gear adjustment assembly includes a first adjustment component 610, which is used to adjust the position of the outer first gear assembly 210 laterally. An outer first gear input internal spline is provided on the inner side of the outer first gear input section 211, which is used to mesh with the input gear section 110. The power output gear assembly 500 is provided with an output shaft external spline 510, which meshes with the output shaft external spline 510.
[0021] The outer gear assembly includes an outer second gear assembly 220, which is sleeved on the power input gear assembly 100 and rotatably connected to the power input gear assembly 100. The outer second gear assembly 220 is provided with an outer second gear stepped tooth 221, which is used to mesh with the inner side of the outer first gear output part 212.
[0022] The outer gear assembly includes an outer third gear assembly 230 and an outer fourth gear assembly 240. The outer third gear assembly 230 is rotatably connected to a second rotating shaft assembly 400 via a bearing. The outer third gear assembly 230 includes an outer third gear stepped tooth 231. The outer fourth gear assembly 240 has a second adjusting groove 241 on its outer side, and a second adjusting component 620 is connected to the second adjusting groove 241. The second adjusting component 620 is used to laterally adjust the position of the outer fourth gear assembly 240. The outer third gear stepped tooth 231 meshes with the inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly 240. The second rotating shaft assembly 400 includes a second rotating shaft gear portion 410, which meshes with the outer second gear assembly 220.
[0023] The outer fourth gear assembly 240 is internally meshed with the inner gear assembly 300, and the inner gear assembly 300 is meshed with the second rotating shaft assembly 400.
[0024] The outer gear assembly includes an outer fifth gear assembly 250, the inner side of which is meshed with the second rotating shaft assembly 400, and the outer side of which is meshed with the input gear section 110.
[0025] The outer gear assembly includes an outer sixth gear assembly 260, which is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft assembly 400 via a bearing. The outer sixth gear assembly 260 includes an outer sixth gear stepped tooth 261, which is used for inner meshing with the outer fourth gear assembly 240. The outer fourth gear assembly 240 is externally meshed with the outer first gear output part 212.
[0026] A second bearing portion is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft assembly 400, and the second bearing portion is used to fix the housing 900 of the connecting device.
[0027] The gear adjustment assembly includes a first handle 630 and a second handle 640. The first handle 630 is connected to the first adjustment assembly 610, and the second handle 640 is connected to the second adjustment assembly 620. The first handle 630 and the second handle 640 are used for operation by the operator.
[0028] The gear adjustment assembly includes an adjustment fixing part 650, which is rotatably connected to the first adjustment assembly 610 and the second adjustment assembly 620. The adjustment fixing part 650 is fixedly connected to the device housing 900 and is used to fix the first adjustment assembly 610 and the second adjustment assembly 620.
[0029] In use, the operator can move the first adjustment component 610 and the second adjustment component 620 by using the first handle 630 or the second handle 640, which in turn moves the outer first gear assembly 210 and the outer fourth gear assembly 240 to adjust to different gears, thereby achieving different output speeds and torques.
[0030] In this invention, a total of four gear positions can be adjusted. By individually turning the first handle 630, the first adjustment component 610 connected to the first adjustment slot 213 controls the outer first gear assembly 210 to move in the opposite direction of the axis of the power input gear assembly 100 toward the power output gear assembly 500. At this time, the spline on the inner side of the outer first gear output part 212 will mesh with the outer second gear stepped tooth 221 of the outer second gear assembly 220. In this configuration, the input gear 110 of the power input gear assembly 100 drives the outer fifth gear assembly 250 to rotate. The outer fifth gear assembly 250 then drives the second rotating shaft assembly 400 to rotate. The rotation of the second rotating shaft assembly 400 causes its second rotating shaft gear 410 to drive the outer second gear assembly 220 to rotate. Since the stepped teeth 221 of the outer second gear are meshed with the outer first gear output 212, the rotation of the outer second gear assembly 220 drives the rotation of the outer first gear output 212. Since the outer first gear output 212 is meshed with the power output gear assembly 500, the rotation of the outer first gear output 212 drives the power output gear assembly 500 to rotate. This achieves the transmission of the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor assembly 900 to the power output gear assembly 500 via gears. This can be defined as the first gear.
[0031] By simply turning the first handle 630, the outer first gear assembly 210 moves towards the power input gear assembly 100, causing the outer first gear input inner spline of the outer first gear input part 211 to mesh with the input gear part 110. In this case, the power input gear assembly 100 will drive the outer first gear input part 211 to rotate, and the rotation of the outer first gear input part 211 will drive the power output gear assembly 500 meshed with it to rotate, thus achieving the purpose of transmitting speed and torque to the power output gear assembly 500. This is the fourth gear. Because the gears involved are different, the speed and torque of the power output gear assembly 500 in the fourth gear are different from those in the first gear.
[0032] When the first handle 630 is not operated, the outer first gear assembly 210 is not connected to the power input gear assembly 100, nor to the outer second gear assembly 220, and is in neutral.
[0033] Operating only the second handle 640 causes the second adjusting component 620 to move the outer fourth gear assembly 240 towards the outer third gear assembly 230 via the second adjusting groove 241. Subsequently, the spline on the inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly 240 meshes with the outer third gear stepped tooth 231 of the outer third gear assembly 230. At this time, the input gear section 110 of the power input gear assembly 100 drives the outer fifth gear assembly 250 to rotate. The outer fifth gear assembly 250 drives the second rotating shaft assembly 400 to rotate, which in turn drives the inner gear assembly 300 to rotate, and then drives the outer fourth gear assembly 240 to rotate. Since the outer fourth gear assembly 240 meshes with the outer third gear stepped teeth 231, it drives the outer third gear assembly 230 to rotate. The outer third gear assembly 230 is also meshing with the outer first gear input section 211 at this time, so the outer first gear input section 211 will rotate synchronously, thereby driving the power output gear assembly 500 to rotate, thus realizing the transmission of speed and torque to the power output gear assembly 500. This can be defined as the second gear.
[0034] By operating the second handle 640, the outer fourth gear assembly 240 is moved towards the outer sixth gear assembly 260, causing the outer sixth gear stepped tooth 261 of the outer sixth gear assembly 260 to mesh with the outer fourth gear assembly 240. At this time, the rotation of the power input gear assembly 100 is transmitted to the outer fourth gear assembly 240 through the outer fifth gear assembly 250, the second rotating shaft assembly 400, and the inner gear assembly 300. The outer fourth gear assembly 240 drives the outer sixth gear assembly 260 to rotate. The outer sixth gear assembly 260 meshes with the outer first gear output part 212, thus driving the outer first gear output part 212 to rotate, which in turn drives the power output gear assembly 500 to rotate, transmitting speed and torque to the power output gear assembly 500. This can be defined as the third gear.
[0035] When the second handle 640 is not operated, the outer fourth gear assembly 240 is not connected to the outer third gear assembly 230, nor to the outer sixth gear assembly 260, and is in neutral.
[0036] Understandably, to enter the first or fourth gear, the second lever 640 must be in neutral. Similarly, to enter the second or third gear, the first lever 630 must be in neutral.
[0037] The main function of the first adjustment assembly 610 and the second adjustment assembly 620 is to convert the rotation of the first handle 630 and the second handle 640 into a force that drives the outer first gear assembly 210 and the outer fourth gear assembly 240 to move. Common mechanical mechanisms can be used.
[0038] In practical use, different gears can be customized according to specific application scenarios to achieve the actual speed and torque requirements.
[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A variable speed device for a drilling rig, characterized by, Including hydraulic motor assembly (800), power input gear assembly (100) and power output gear assembly (500), the power input gear assembly (100) includes input gear part (110), input bearing part (120), the power input inner spline (130) is arranged inside the power input gear assembly (100); The input bearing part (120) is fixedly connected with the first bearing part (710), the first bearing part (710) is fixedly connected with the device shell (900), the power input inner spline (130) is connected to the power shaft of the hydraulic motor assembly (800), the shell of the hydraulic motor assembly (800) is fixedly connected with the device shell (900), the input gear part (110) is engagedly connected with the outer side gear assembly, The outer side gear assembly is engagedly connected with the power output gear assembly (500), the power output gear assembly (500) is used for connecting subsequent device, the outer side gear assembly is also engagedly connected with the inner side gear assembly (300), the outer side gear assembly is connected with gear adjusting assembly, the gear adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the connection of the outer side gear assembly and the inner side gear assembly (300).
2. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 1, wherein, The outer side gear assembly includes outer side first gear assembly (210), the outer side first gear assembly (210) includes outer side first gear input part (211), outer side first gear output part (212) and first adjusting groove (213), the gear adjusting assembly includes first adjusting assembly (610), the first adjusting assembly (610) is used for adjusting the position of the outer side first gear assembly (210) transversely, the inner side of the outer side first gear input part (211) is provided with outer side first gear input inner spline, the outer side first gear input inner spline is used for engagingly connected with the input gear part (110), the power output gear assembly (500) is provided with output shaft outer spline (510), the outer side first gear input inner spline is engagedly connected with the output shaft outer spline (510).
3. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 2, wherein, The outer side gear assembly includes outer side second gear assembly (220), the outer side second gear assembly (220) is sleeved on the power input gear assembly (100), the outer side second gear assembly (220) is rotatably connected with the power input gear assembly (100), the outer side second gear assembly (220) is provided with outer side second gear stepped tooth (221), the outer side second gear stepped tooth (221) is used for engagingly connected with the inner side of the outer side first gear output part (212).
4. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 3, wherein, The outer gear assembly comprises an outer third gear assembly (230) and an outer fourth gear assembly (240), the outer third gear assembly (230) is rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft assembly (400) through a bearing, the outer third gear assembly (230) comprises an outer third gear stepped tooth (231), the outer side of the outer fourth gear assembly (240) is provided with a second adjusting groove (241), the second adjusting groove (241) is connected with a second adjusting assembly (620) in a matched mode, the second adjusting assembly (620) is used for transversely adjusting the position of the outer fourth gear assembly (240), the outer third gear stepped tooth (231) is in meshing connection with the inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly (240), and the second rotating shaft assembly (400) comprises a second rotating shaft gear part (410) which is in meshing connection with the outer second gear assembly (220).
5. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 4, wherein, The inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly (240) is in meshing connection with the inner gear assembly (300), and the inner gear assembly (300) is in meshing connection with the second rotating shaft assembly (400).
6. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 5, wherein, The outer gear assembly comprises an outer fifth gear assembly (250), the inner side of the outer fifth gear assembly (250) is in meshing connection with the second rotating shaft assembly (400), and the outer side of the outer fifth gear assembly (250) is in meshing connection with the input gear part (110).
7. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 6, wherein, The outer gear assembly comprises an outer sixth gear assembly (260), the outer sixth gear assembly (260) is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft assembly (400) through a bearing, the outer sixth gear assembly (260) comprises an outer sixth gear stepped tooth (261), the outer sixth gear stepped tooth (261) is used for being in meshing connection with the inner side of the outer fourth gear assembly (240), and the outer fourth gear assembly (240) is in meshing connection with the outer first gear output part (212) on the outer side.
8. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 7, wherein, The second rotating shaft assembly (400) is fixedly connected with a second bearing part (720), and the second bearing part (720) is used for fixedly connecting the device shell (900).
9. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 8, wherein, The gear adjusting assembly comprises a first handle (630) and a second handle (640), the first handle (630) is connected with the first adjusting assembly (610), the second handle (640) is connected with the second adjusting assembly (620), and the first handle (630) and the second handle (640) are used for being operated by an operator.
10. The variable speed device for a drilling rig of claim 9, wherein, The gear adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting fixed part (650), the adjusting fixed part (650) is rotatably connected with the first adjusting assembly (610) and the second adjusting assembly (620), the adjusting fixed part (650) is fixedly connected with the device shell (900), and the adjusting fixed part (650) is used for fixing the first adjusting assembly (610) and the second adjusting assembly (620).