A precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics

Abstract

The application relates to an angle precision measurement calibration device based on refractive optics and belongs to the technical field of precision photoelectric measurement. The application solves the problems of the prior angle measurement device, such as high requirements for installation position precision, high requirements for external temperature environment and external mechanical excitation environment, large device structure, poor flexible regulation and control capability of measurement range and resolution, etc. Two groups of X-axis shaft systems arranged coaxially and oppositely are rotatably arranged in a reference shell through an X-axis frame, two groups of Y-axis shaft systems arranged coaxially and oppositely are rotatably arranged in the X-axis frame through a Y-axis frame, an X-axis gravity center counterweight is arranged in the X-axis frame, a Y-axis gravity center counterweight is arranged in the Y-axis frame, and laser beams emitted by two lasers are vertically and crossly distributed. The application is used for angle precision measurement calibration of a to-be-measured plane.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of angle precision measurement calibration device based on refractive optics, belong to precision optoelectronic measurement technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision optoelectronic engineering, aerospace, target tracking, laser communication and high-precision measurement and testing, a precision two-dimensional motion platform (often referred to as "optoelectronic turntable" or "two-dimensional turntable") capable of rotating around the X-axis (pitch axis) and Y-axis (azimuth axis) is widely used. The core function of such a platform is to drive the optical sensors (such as cameras, laser radars, infrared thermal imagers), communication antennas or optical lenses and other devices on it to accurately point and stably track in space.

[0003] The function of the device is highly dependent on the angle positioning accuracy of the turntable. For example, in satellite laser communication, a pointing deviation of micro-arc degree level may cause communication link interruption; in remote optoelectronic reconnaissance, an angular deviation of angular second level may cause the observation target to deviate from the center of the field of view. Therefore, accurate calibration of the angular deflection accuracy of the two-dimensional turntable is the basis for ensuring the performance indicators of the entire system.

[0004] Currently, the calibration of the angular deflection accuracy of the two-dimensional turntable mainly relies on high-precision angle measuring instruments. These technologies can be broadly divided into contact and non-contact types:

[0005] Contact measurement: mainly represented by mechanical shaft encoder scheme, high-precision electronic level, autocollimator (requires cooperation with plane mirror) and polyhedral prism. When measuring, the reference components of the measuring tool (such as level sensor, mirror) are directly installed on the working surface of the measured turntable.

[0006] Non-contact measurement: mainly represented by laser tracker, laser interferometer and visual measurement system. This type of device does not need to be in direct contact with the measured turntable, and space angle is calculated by emitting laser or collecting images.

[0007] The above current mainstream angle measurement calibration technologies can achieve certain accuracy of sensing, but there are still the following defects in terms of high precision, dynamic response and engineering applicability:

[0008] 1. Mechanical structure dependency and error accumulation:

[0009] The existing mechanical shaft encoder scheme relies on precise gear meshing and shaft matching, and its measurement accuracy is limited by mechanical processing tolerances (such as gear clearance, shaft wobble) and nonlinear error accumulation caused by long-term wear. Such errors are particularly pronounced under dynamic conditions, and are difficult to completely eliminate through later calibration, resulting in insufficient long-term stability of the system and frequent calibration cycles.

[0010] 2. The contradiction between measurement accuracy and turntable workspace:

[0011] Limitations of multi-faceted prism + self-collimating light pipe: This device using reflection principle requires a large amount of beam deviation, resulting in the need for redundant design of the sensor target size, leading to a large overall structure of the device. Although this method can avoid mechanical contact, its effectiveness and sampling rate are directly linked: as the speed of the turntable increases, a very high sampling rate is required to capture the instantaneous angular deviation. Existing technologies are difficult to balance high resolution and large dynamic range in a wide speed range, and in high speed scenarios, phase errors are easily introduced due to sampling delay.

[0012] 3. Difficulty in separating two-dimensional angle coupling error:

[0013] The two axes (X-axis and Y-axis) of a two-dimensional turntable inevitably have coupling errors (such as shaft system sway, perpendicularity error) when moving. Existing methods (such as using two single-axis measuring instruments to mark separately) usually assume that the other axis is in an ideal zero position or fixed state. This "separate time, separate axis" calibration method cannot truly reflect the dynamic comprehensive error of the two axes in the linked state, resulting in a deviation between the calibration results and the actual working precision.

[0014] 4. High system complexity, tedious operation and low efficiency

[0015] Whether it is a multi-faceted prism combination or a laser tracker / interferometer system, the calibration process includes tedious steps such as instrument erection, leveling, centering, temperature drift compensation, etc. The entire calibration process is time-consuming and requires strict operating conditions (such as temperature, vibration), making it difficult to perform fast and efficient online calibration in industrial sites, limiting its feasibility in mass production and large-scale applications.

[0016] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of angle precision measurement calibration device to optimize the dependence of traditional angle measurement devices on complex precision mechanical structures, reduce sensitivity to environmental vibration disturbance and temperature drift, and thus achieve non-contact, high-resolution precision measurement of the angle of a plane (e.g. a two-dimensional turntable). SUMMARY

[0017] The present application is to solve the problem of existing degree measurement devices that require high installation position accuracy, high external temperature environment and external mechanical excitation environment, as well as large device structure and poor flexibility in measuring range and resolution control. A refractive optical angle precision measurement calibration device is provided.

[0018] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the above technical problems is:

[0019] The application discloses a kind of angle precision measurement calibration devices based on refractive optics, including reference shell, X-axis adjusting assembly, Y-axis adjusting assembly and two groups of optical components, wherein, the X-axis adjusting assembly includes X-axis frame, X-axis gravity counterweight and two groups of X-axis shaft system, X-axis frame is rotatably installed in reference shell interior by the coaxial opposite arrangement of two groups of X-axis shaft system, the Y-axis adjusting assembly includes Y-axis frame, Y-axis gravity counterweight and two groups of Y-axis shaft system, the Y-axis frame is rotatably installed in X-axis frame by the coaxial opposite arrangement of two groups of Y-axis shaft system, X-axis gravity counterweight is installed in X-axis frame, Y-axis gravity counterweight is installed in Y-axis frame, each group of optical components includes laser and photosensitive position sensor being oppositely installed in the inner wall of reference shell and lens group being installed in the top of Y-axis gravity counterweight and being located between laser and photosensitive position sensor, each group of lens group includes one or more parallel lenses, and the laser beams emitted by two lasers are vertically crossed.

[0020] Further, the X-axis frame and the Y-axis frame are both semispherical.

[0021] Further, the X-axis frame includes a first frame body and a first cover ring coaxially covered on the top of the first frame body, the top of the first frame body is provided with a first shaft system installation slot, the bottom of the first cover ring is provided with a second shaft system installation slot oppositely arranged with the first shaft system installation slot, and the X-axis shaft system is installed in a first installation hole formed by the first shaft system installation slot and the second shaft system installation slot.

[0022] Further, the Y-axis frame includes a second frame body and a second cover ring coaxially covered on the top of the second frame body, the top of the second frame body is provided with a third shaft system installation slot, the bottom of the second cover ring is provided with a fourth shaft system installation slot oppositely arranged with the third shaft system installation slot, one end of the Y-axis shaft system is installed in a second installation hole formed by the third shaft system installation slot and the fourth shaft system installation slot, the top of the first frame body is further provided with a fifth shaft system installation slot, the bottom of the first cover ring is provided with a sixth shaft system installation slot oppositely arranged with the fifth shaft system installation slot, and the other end of the Y-axis shaft system is installed in a third installation hole formed by the fifth shaft system installation slot and the sixth shaft system installation slot.

[0023] Further, the top of the Y-axis gravity counterweight is provided with a lens group support, and the two groups of lens groups are installed on the lens group support.

[0024] Further, the lens group support is provided with a lens group frame, and the two groups of lens groups are installed on the lens group frame.

[0025] Further, each group of lens groups includes two plane lenses.

[0026] Further, the laser emission port of each laser is higher than the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly.

[0027] Further, the reference shell top end cover is provided with a cover plate.

[0028] Further, the reference shell bottom end is fixed with a plurality of ear plates.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following effects:

[0030] The collimated laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the lens group and is focused into the photosensitive position sensor area. When the measured plane deflects in the azimuth or pitch dimension, the laser and the photosensitive position sensor are relatively stationary, and the lens group produces a spatial tilt angle change relative to the original incident beam. When the number of lenses in the lens group is greater than one, the tilt angle change is combined through the specific refraction effect of the lens group and is significantly linearly amplified in a preset proportional relationship. Finally, it is mapped as a significant spatial displacement of the received light spot position on the photosensitive position sensor target surface. The displacement amount has a determined functional relationship with the measured angular offset amount, thereby realizing non-contact, high-resolution precision measurement of the measured plane angle.

[0031] In the present application, the laser and the photosensitive position sensor in the two groups of optical assemblies are installed in the same reference shell, which significantly reduces the dependence on complex precision mechanical structures, thereby reducing the sensitivity to precision assembly tolerances, and forming a synergistic mechanism to effectively suppress the adverse effects of temperature gradient distribution and external mechanical excitation transmitted to the core measurement unit (the photosensitive position sensor and the laser are installed on the same structure made of the same material, i.e., they are installed on the reference shell. When the external environment temperature changes, the installation surface position deformation of the photosensitive position sensor and the laser is basically consistent), improving the overall robustness and long-term stability, and achieving high-precision angle measurement without the need for complex external signal processing units.

[0032] The present application utilizes the refraction principle of the lens to make the laser beam have the effects of parallel in and parallel out on the lens group, and cooperates with the gravity center adjustment of the X-axis adjustment assembly and the Y-axis adjustment assembly. Compared with the existing calibration device which uses reflection principle to cause the laser beam to deviate, in the working process, even if the measured turntable experiences a large range of angular deflection, the spatial direction of the output beam can also automatically maintain parallel state with the gravity reference. Thus, the disadvantages of the photosensitive position sensor target surface size needing redundant design caused by the large deviation of the light beam are fundamentally avoided, which provides physical support for the miniaturization and compactness design of the system and guarantees the effective light signal capture within the entire range.

[0033] The key optical parameters of each lens group, such as material refractive index, thickness and number of lenses, can be systematically optimized, matched and customized according to the performance index requirements of the target application scene (such as target accuracy, measurement range, sensitivity, etc.), so that the measurement range and resolution of the application can be flexibly regulated, and it can seamlessly adapt to different accuracy levels, measurement ranges and engineering application constraints. For example: the greater the refractive index of the lens, the greater the thickness and the number of lenses, the stronger the refractive ability, the higher the accuracy and sensitivity, and the smaller the measurement range.

[0034] In the application, by arranging the reference shell, the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly, a strict axis-symmetrical layout design is adopted to ensure that the overall mass center of the device is accurately coincided with the theoretical motion center of rotation, and the generation of unbalanced moment in the rotation process is significantly reduced. By arranging the X-axis gravity counterweight block and the Y-axis gravity counterweight block, the stability of the system in the dynamic response process is greatly improved, and the coupling effect of vibration and external disturbance on the static measurement accuracy is effectively inhibited.

[0035] In addition, by integrating the X-axis adjusting assembly, the Y-axis adjusting assembly and the optical assembly into one reference shell, and arranging the Y-axis frame through two groups of coaxially arranged Y-axis shaft systems inside the X-axis frame, the dynamic comprehensive error of the X-axis and the Y-axis in the linkage state can be truly reflected. Compared with the existing separate-time and separate-axis calibration mode, the accuracy of the calibration result is significantly improved, and the accuracy deviation under the actual working condition of the calibration structure is greatly reduced.

[0036] When the calibration device of the application is used for angle precision measurement calibration, the requirements for the operation environment (such as temperature and vibration) during calibration are lower, and thus fast and efficient online calibration can be realized in the industrial field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the angle precision measurement calibration device based on refraction optics of the application (the cover plate is not shown);

[0038] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a half-section perspective view of the angle precision measurement calibration device based on refraction optics of the application (the cover plate is not shown);

[0039] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a main-section view of the angle precision measurement calibration device based on refraction optics of the application;

[0040] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the angle precision measurement calibration device based on refraction optics of the application;

[0041] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the X-axis frame;

[0042] Figure 6 A perspective view of the Y-axis frame;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the optical assembly (the laser and the photosensitive position sensor deflect as the angle of the plane to be measured changes, and the lens group formed by the two lenses remains vertical).

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 1, reference housing; 2, lens group support; 3, lens group frame; 4, cover plate; 5, ear plate; 6, X-axis frame; 61, first frame body; 62, first cover ring; 63, first mounting hole; 64, third mounting hole; 7, X-axis gravity counterweight; 8, X-axis shaft system; 9, Y-axis frame; 91, second frame body; 92, second cover ring; 93, second mounting hole; 10, Y-axis gravity counterweight; 11, Y-axis shaft system; 12, laser; 13, photosensitive position sensor; 14, lens group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Specific implementation one: combined Figures 1-7 The embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] A refractive optical angle precision measurement calibration device, comprising a reference housing 1, an X-axis adjustment assembly, a Y-axis adjustment assembly, and two sets of optical assemblies, wherein the X-axis adjustment assembly comprises an X-axis frame 6, an X-axis gravity counterweight 7, and two sets of X-axis shaft systems 8, the X-axis frame 6 is rotatably mounted inside the reference housing 1 through the two sets of X-axis shaft systems 8 arranged coaxially and oppositely, the Y-axis adjustment assembly comprises a Y-axis frame 9, a Y-axis gravity counterweight 10, and two sets of Y-axis shaft systems 11, the Y-axis frame 9 is rotatably mounted inside the X-axis frame 6 through the two sets of Y-axis shaft systems 11 arranged coaxially and oppositely, the X-axis gravity counterweight 7 is mounted inside the X-axis frame 6, the Y-axis gravity counterweight 10 is mounted inside the Y-axis frame 9, each set of optical assembly comprises a laser 12 and a photosensitive position sensor 13 oppositely mounted on the inner wall of the reference housing 1, and a lens group 14 mounted at the top end of the Y-axis gravity counterweight 10 and located between the laser 12 and the photosensitive position sensor 13, each set of lens group 14 comprises one or more lenses arranged in parallel, and the laser beams emitted by the two lasers 12 are distributed vertically and crosswise.

[0048] In the angle precision measurement calibration, the bottom end of the reference shell 1 is fixedly connected with a measured plane. The measured plane can be any plane which needs to be calibrated for rotation precision around the X-axis and the Y-axis.

[0049] The X-axis gravity center counterweight 7 and the Y-axis gravity center counterweight 10 are used for maintaining a gravity reference, and ensuring that the direction of the incident collimated light beam and the optical axis of the lens group 14 are accurately aligned with the direction of the gravity reference in the initial state.

[0050] The specific structures of the X-axis shaft system 8 and the Y-axis shaft system 11 are both prior art, and will not be described here.

[0051] The collimated laser beam emitted by the laser 12 is focused into the area of the photosensitive position sensor 13 after penetrating the lens group 14. When the measured plane is deflected in the azimuth or pitch dimension, the laser 12 and the photosensitive position sensor 13 are relatively stationary, and the lens group 14 produces a spatial inclination change relative to the original incident light beam. When the number of lenses in the lens group 14 is greater than one, the inclination change is combined through specific refraction effects at the lens group 14, and is significantly linearly magnified in a preset proportional relationship, and finally is mapped as a significant spatial displacement of the received light spot position on the target surface of the photosensitive position sensor 13. The displacement amount and the measured angle offset amount have a certain functional relationship, so that non-contact, high-resolution precision measurement of the angle of the measured plane is realized.

[0052] The laser 12 and the photosensitive position sensor 13 in the two sets of optical assemblies are fixed in the same ultra-high stiffness reference shell 1 by using rigid and high-precision orthogonal integration technology. That is, in the present application, the laser 12 and the photosensitive position sensor 13 in the two sets of optical assemblies are both installed in the same reference shell 1, which significantly reduces the dependence on complex precision mechanical structures, thereby reducing the sensitivity to precision assembly tolerances, and forming a synergistic mechanism to effectively suppress the adverse effects of temperature gradient distribution and external mechanical excitation transmitted to the core measurement unit (the photosensitive position sensor 13 and the laser 12 are installed on the same structure of the same material, i.e., both are installed on the reference shell 1. When the external environmental temperature changes, the deformation of the installation surface positions of the photosensitive position sensor 13 and the laser 12 is basically consistent), and improves the overall robustness and long-term stability. High-precision angle measurement can be achieved without the need for a complex external signal processing unit.

[0053] In assembly, the calibration device of the present application is placed on a reference surface for assembly. The installation position precision requirements for the laser 12 and the photosensitive position sensor 13 are significantly lower than those of the prior art. As long as the photosensitive position sensor 13 can normally receive the laser emitted by the laser 12 on the reference surface, whether the laser hits the center position of the photosensitive position sensor 13 or not will not affect the calibration result.

[0054] The present application utilizes the refraction principle of the lens, so that the laser beam has the effect of parallel in and parallel out on the lens group 14, cooperates with the gravity center adjusting effect of the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly, compared with the existing calibration device which utilizes the reflection principle to cause the angle deviation of the laser beam, in the working process, even if the measured rotary table experiences a large range of angle deflection, the spatial direction of the output beam can also automatically maintain the parallel state with the gravity reference, thereby fundamentally avoiding the disadvantage that the target surface size of the photosensitive position sensor 13 needs redundant design due to the large deviation of the light beam, providing physical support for the miniaturization and compact design of the system, and ensuring effective light signal capture within the entire measurement range.

[0055] The focal power of each lens group 14 can be set in advance according to measurement requirements.

[0056] The key optical parameters such as the material refractive index, thickness and number of lenses of each lens group 14 can be systematically optimized, matched and customized according to the performance index requirements of the target application scene (such as target accuracy, measurement range, sensitivity, etc.), so that the measurement range and resolution of the present application can be flexibly adjusted, so that it can seamlessly adapt to different accuracy levels, measurement ranges and engineering application constraints. For example: the greater the refractive index of the lens, the greater the thickness and the number of the lens, the stronger the refractive ability, the higher the accuracy and sensitivity, and the smaller the measurement range.

[0057] In the present application, by setting the reference housing 1, the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly, a strictly axisymmetric layout design is adopted to ensure that the overall mass center of the device is accurately coincided with the theoretical motion center of rotation, significantly reducing the generation of unbalanced moment during rotation. By setting the X-axis gravity counterweight 7 and the Y-axis gravity counterweight 10, the stability of the system during dynamic response is greatly improved, effectively suppressing the coupling effect of vibration and external disturbance on static measurement accuracy.

[0058] In addition, by integrating the X-axis adjusting assembly, the Y-axis adjusting assembly and the optical assembly into one reference housing 1, and rotating the Y-axis frame 9 through the two groups of Y-axis shaft systems 11 arranged coaxially and oppositely inside the X-axis frame 6, the dynamic comprehensive error of the X-axis and the Y-axis in the linkage state can be truly reflected, compared with the existing calibration method of separate time and separate shaft, the accuracy of the calibration result is significantly improved, and the precision deviation under actual working conditions of the calibration structure is greatly reduced.

[0059] When the calibration device of the present application is used for angle precision measurement calibration, only structure assembly before calibration is needed, compared with the prior art, the requirements for the operating environment such as temperature and vibration during calibration are lower, and then online calibration can be realized quickly and efficiently in the industrial field.

[0060] The application can also be applied to other engineering scenarios requiring high-precision angle measurement, such as horizontal reference establishment and precise component geometric tolerance measurement (for example, parallelism deviation detection), by targeted structural configuration.

[0061] The X-axis frame 6 and the Y-axis frame 9 are both semispherical. In this way, the center of gravity of the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly can be adjusted more conveniently, and structural interference during rotation of the X-axis frame 6 or the Y-axis frame 9 can be effectively avoided.

[0062] The X-axis frame 6 comprises a first frame body 61 and a first cover ring 62 coaxially covered on the top end of the first frame body 61. The top of the first frame body 61 is provided with a first shaft system mounting slot, and the bottom of the first cover ring 62 is provided with a second shaft system mounting slot arranged opposite to the first shaft system mounting slot. The X-axis shaft system 8 is mounted in a first mounting hole 63 formed by the first shaft system mounting slot and the second shaft system mounting slot. In this way, the first frame body 61 and the first cover ring 62 are detachably connected, and the X-axis shaft system 8 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted by setting the X-axis frame 6 as a split structure. The number of the first shaft system mounting slot and the second shaft system mounting slot is both two, and they are coaxially arranged.

[0063] The Y-axis frame 9 comprises a second frame body 91 and a second cover ring 92 coaxially covered on the top end of the second frame body 91. The top of the second frame body 91 is provided with a third shaft system mounting slot, and the bottom of the second cover ring 92 is provided with a fourth shaft system mounting slot arranged opposite to the third shaft system mounting slot. One end of the Y-axis shaft system 11 is mounted in a second mounting hole 93 formed by the third shaft system mounting slot and the fourth shaft system mounting slot. The top of the first frame body 61 is further provided with a fifth shaft system mounting slot, and the bottom of the first cover ring 62 is provided with a sixth shaft system mounting slot arranged opposite to the fifth shaft system mounting slot. The other end of the Y-axis shaft system 11 is mounted in a third mounting hole 64 formed by the fifth shaft system mounting slot and the sixth shaft system mounting slot. In this way, the second frame body 91 and the second cover ring 92 are detachably connected, and the Y-axis shaft system 11 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted by setting the Y-axis frame 9 as a split structure.

[0064] The top end of the Y-axis center of gravity counterweight 10 is provided with a lens group support 2, and two groups of lens groups 14 are mounted on the lens group support 2. In this way, the lens group 14 is mounted through the lens group support 2, which ensures the installation height of the lens group 14 without affecting the center of gravity counterweight function of the Y-axis center of gravity counterweight 10.

[0065] The mirror group support 2 is provided with a mirror group frame 3, and the two sets of lens groups 14 are mounted on the mirror group frame 3. In this way, the two sets of lens groups 14 are fixedly mounted through the mirror group frame 3, and the lens and the mirror group frame 3 are detachably connected. The installation position, installation number and parameters of each lens in the lens group 14 on the mirror group frame 3 are adjusted to adapt to different precision levels, measurement ranges and engineering application constraint conditions.

[0066] Each set of lens groups 14 includes two plane lenses. In this way, the linear magnification of the small angle change is realized by using the composite refractive optical effect of the double lens group 14, the offset distance is magnified by the two plane lenses, and the offset distance is converted into the spot displacement amount which is easy to accurately detect.

[0067] The laser emitting port of each laser 12 is higher than the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly. In this way, it is ensured that the laser beam is not blocked.

[0068] The top end cover of the reference shell 1 is provided with a cover plate 4. In this way, the cover plate 4 is detachably fixedly connected with the reference shell 1, and the cover plate 4 is further arranged to protect the internal structure of the reference shell 1. The reference shell 1 includes a bottom plate and four side plates arranged in a square shape on the bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate and the four side plates are integrally formed.

[0069] The bottom end of the reference shell 1 is fixedly provided with a plurality of ear plates 5. In this way, the fixed connection between the reference shell 1 and the to-be-measured plane is facilitated through the plurality of ear plates 5.

[0070] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A precision angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics, characterized by: The application relates to a laser positioning device, which comprises a reference shell (1), an X-axis adjusting assembly, a Y-axis adjusting assembly and two groups of optical assemblies, wherein the X-axis adjusting assembly comprises an X-axis frame (6), an X-axis gravity counterweight (7) and two groups of X-axis shafts (8), the X-axis frame (6) is rotatably arranged in the reference shell (1) through the two groups of coaxially arranged X-axis shafts (8), the Y-axis adjusting assembly comprises a Y-axis frame (9), a Y-axis gravity counterweight (10) and two groups of Y-axis shafts (11), the Y-axis frame (9) is rotatably arranged in the X-axis frame (6) through the two groups of coaxially arranged Y-axis shafts (11), the X-axis gravity counterweight (7) is arranged in the X-axis frame (6), the Y-axis gravity counterweight (10) is arranged in the Y-axis frame (9), each group of optical assemblies comprises a laser (12) and a photosensitive position sensor (13) which are oppositely arranged on the inner wall of the reference shell (1) and a lens group (14) which is arranged at the top end of the Y-axis gravity counterweight (10) and located between the laser (12) and the photosensitive position sensor (13), each group of lens groups (14) comprises one or more parallel arranged lenses, and the laser beams emitted by the two lasers (12) are vertically and crossly distributed; the laser emission port of each laser (12) is higher than the X-axis adjusting assembly and the Y-axis adjusting assembly.

2. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis frame (6) and the Y-axis frame (9) are both semispherical.

3. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, wherein: The X-axis frame (6) comprises a first frame main body (61) and a first cover ring (62) coaxially covered on the top end of the first frame main body (61), the top of the first frame main body (61) is provided with a first shaft installation slot, the bottom of the first cover ring (62) is provided with a second shaft installation slot which is oppositely arranged with the first shaft installation slot, and the X-axis shaft (8) is arranged in a first installation hole (63) formed by the first shaft installation slot and the second shaft installation slot.

4. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Y-axis frame (9) comprises a second frame main body (91) and a second cover ring (92) coaxially covered on the top end of the second frame main body (91), the top of the second frame main body (91) is provided with a third shaft installation slot, the bottom of the second cover ring (92) is provided with a fourth shaft installation slot which is oppositely arranged with the third shaft installation slot, one end of the Y-axis shaft (11) is arranged in a second installation hole (93) formed by the third shaft installation slot and the fourth shaft installation slot, the top of the first frame main body (61) is further provided with a fifth shaft installation slot, the bottom of the first cover ring (62) is provided with a sixth shaft installation slot which is oppositely arranged with the fifth shaft installation slot, and the other end of the Y-axis shaft (11) is arranged in a third installation hole (64) formed by the fifth shaft installation slot and the sixth shaft installation slot.

5. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, wherein: The top end of the Y-axis gravity counterweight (10) is provided with a lens group support (2), and the two groups of lens groups (14) are arranged on the lens group support (2).

6. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lens group support (2) is provided with a lens group frame (3), and the two groups of lens groups (14) are arranged on the lens group frame (3).

7. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, wherein: Each group of lens groups (14) comprises two plane lenses.

8. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, wherein: The top end of the reference shell (1) is provided with a cover plate (4).

9. The precise angle measurement calibration device based on refractive optics according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom end of the reference shell (1) is fixedly provided with a plurality of ear plates (5).

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