Lily and rhizoma corydalis intercropping planting method

Abstract

The invention provides a lily and rhizoma corydalis intercropping planting method, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting. According to the method, lilies and rhizoma corydalis are planted from late September to early October, rhizoma corydalis is harvested from late April to early May in the next year, and lilies are harvested from late July to early August in the next year; planting holes are dug for planting, three rhizoma corydalis seed stems are planted on each of the upper side and the lower side of each planting hole, and two lily bulbs are planted between two rows of rhizoma corydalis. According to the method, the lily and the rhizoma corydalis are subjected to hole planting and intercropping by making full use of the growth period and growth characteristic differences, the utilization rate and comprehensive output benefits of land resources can be effectively increased, the species diversity is improved, the soil structure is improved, and the incidence rate of diseases, weeds and weeds is remarkably reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for intercropping lilies and rhizoma corydalis. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the large-scale development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, lilies and rhizoma corydalis, as common traditional Chinese medicines, have a growing market demand. However, in traditional planting, lilies and rhizoma corydalis are mostly planted in a monoculture mode. Lilies have a long growth period, while rhizoma corydalis has a short growth period. In monoculture, the lily field is prone to idle land due to low crop coverage in the early stage, and the field needs to be left empty after the harvest of rhizoma corydalis until the next season for planting, so that the effective utilization time of the land is insufficient throughout the year, resulting in waste of arable land resources.

[0003] In addition, when lilies are planted in monoculture, the period from March to April of the next year is the rapid germination period of weeds. At this time, the lily plants are short and have low coverage, and the weeds have strong ability to compete for light and nutrients, so that manual weeding needs to be performed 2-3 times, which requires additional labor costs. If chemical herbicides are used, the lily roots are prone to drug damage, which affects the quality. Moreover, the monoculture field has a single crop community structure, and the ecological system has weak stability, so that diseases and pests such as root rot and aphids are prone to occur.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intercropping planting method that can adapt to the growth characteristics of lilies and rhizoma corydalis, improve the land utilization rate, reduce the management cost, and balance the yield and economic benefits. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a planting method for intercropping lilies and rhizoma corydalis, which can improve the land utilization rate, suppress weeds, increase yield, and improve economic benefits.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions. A planting method for intercropping lilies and rhizoma corydalis, wherein lilies and rhizoma corydalis are planted in late September to early October, rhizoma corydalis is harvested in late April to early May of the next year, and lilies are harvested in late July to early August of the next year; the planting is performed by digging planting holes, 3 rhizoma corydalis seed stems are planted on each of the upper and lower sides of the planting hole, and 2 lily seed balls are planted in the middle of the 2 rows of rhizoma corydalis.

[0007] Preferably, the size of the planting hole is 18-22 cm x 18-22 cm x 8-12 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the rhizoma corydalis seed stem is 5-6 cm away from the bottom of the hole, and the spacing is 5-6 cm.

[0009] Preferably, the spacing of the lily seed balls is 14-16 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the spacing of the planting holes is 30-35 cm x 30-35 cm.

[0011] Preferably, before digging planting holes, the land is prepared, and 2500-3000 kg / mu of well-rotted manure is applied in conjunction with tilling, and 50-60 kg / mu of slaked lime is spread for soil disinfection. After land preparation, raised beds are made at a height of 165-195 cm, with a ditch width of 25-35 cm and a ditch depth of 30-40 cm, and planting holes are dug on the bed surface.

[0012] Preferably, the base fertilizer applied to the planting hole includes 200-250 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 75-100 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 1-2 bundles of wood ash / hole and 6-10 kg / mu of phorate.

[0013] Preferably, the lily bulbs are disinfected by soaking in carbendazim and mancozeb, and then planted after drying.

[0014] Preferably, after planting, the soil is covered and low ridges are made along the surface of the planting bed, with a ridge height of 5-6 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the planting method is suitable for mountainous climate zones with an average annual temperature of 5-15℃, a frost-free period of 150-250 days, an annual precipitation of 800-1500mm, and an altitude of 800-2500m.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention fully utilizes the differences in the growth periods and characteristics of lilies and Corydalis, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of land resources and the overall output benefits. Moreover, the peak growth period of Corydalis coincides with the seedling stage of lilies. The lush stems and leaves of Corydalis can effectively suppress the growth of weeds. After the Corydalis seedlings wither and are harvested, the lilies enter their vigorous growth period, so they do not interfere with each other.

[0017] This invention utilizes an intercropping ecological planting model, which improves biodiversity, enhances soil structure, and significantly reduces the incidence of diseases and pests. Each acre can yield over 700 kg of fresh lily bulbs and over 300 kg of fresh Corydalis rhizome, with a comprehensive output value per acre approximately 6,000 yuan higher than that of monoculture lily, thus greatly improving economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of planting lilies and Corydalis in planting holes according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a method for intercropping lilies and Corydalis yanhusuo, suitable for mountainous climate zones with an average annual temperature of 5-15℃, a frost-free period of 150-250 days, annual precipitation of 800-1500mm, and an altitude of 800-2500m. As one possible implementation method, it includes, but is not limited to, mid-to-high mountain areas in southwest my country, such as Shizhu County in Chongqing Municipality, Weining County in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, Zhaojue County in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and Yiliang County in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. The method includes the following steps: (1) Site selection: The present invention prefers plots of land where the previous crop was corn, rice or other gramineous crops as planting sites; further prefers an altitude of 1000-1200m; and even more preferably, sandy loam or humus loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage.

[0020] (2) Land preparation and ridging: In this invention, it is preferred to combine tilling with the application of 2500-3000 kg / mu of well-rotted manure and the application of 50-60 kg / mu of quicklime for soil disinfection; after land preparation, ridging is made at a height of 165-195cm, with a ditch width of 25-35cm and a ditch depth of 30-40cm. It is further preferred that the ridging surface width is 175-180cm, the ditch width is 30cm, and the ditch depth is 35cm; planting holes are dug on the ridging surface.

[0021] (3) Digging planting holes: The preferred size of the planting holes in this invention is 18-22cm×18-22cm×8-12cm, and more preferably 20cm×20cm×10cm; the preferred spacing between the planting holes is 30-35cm×30-35cm, with 4 planting holes arranged horizontally on the bed surface, and the number of planting holes in the longitudinal direction is determined according to the length of the bed.

[0022] (4) Soaking lily bulbs: In this invention, lily bulbs are preferably disinfected by soaking in carbendazim and mancozeb. More preferably, they are soaked in 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500 times dilution and mancozeb at 80% wettable powder at 600 times dilution for 10 minutes, then taken out, dried and planted.

[0023] (5) Applying base fertilizer: The present invention preferably applies base fertilizer in the planting hole, including 200-250 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 75-100 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 1-2 bundles of wood ash / hole and 6-10 kg / mu of phorate. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is further preferably N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15, and the effective ingredient content of phorate is ≥3%.

[0024] (6) Planting of lilies and Corydalis: Plant lilies and Corydalis in late September to early October; plant 3 Corydalis rhizomes on each side of the planting hole, preferably 5-6 cm from the bottom of the hole and spaced 5-6 cm apart. Plant 2 lily bulbs between 2 rows of Corydalis, preferably 14-16 cm apart. Figure 1 As shown; preferably, cover the soil after planting, and make low ridges along the bed surface, with a ridge height of 5-6cm, to facilitate drainage.

[0025] (7) Field management: During the entire growing season, the field management of lily and corydalis, such as weeding, irrigation and fertilization, adopts the common management methods in this field.

[0026] (8) Harvesting: Corydalis is harvested from late April to early May of the following year, and lilies are harvested from late July to early August of the following year.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 A method for intercropping lilies and Corydalis yanhusuo in an area with an altitude of 1000m, an average annual temperature of 12℃, a frost-free period of 220 days, an annual precipitation of 1200mm, and a previous crop of corn in sandy loam soil, includes the following steps: (1) Site selection: Select a plot of land with deep, loose, fertile soil and good drainage, and remove the residual straw and gravel from the previous crop.

[0029] (2) Land preparation and bed making: Turn the land in mid-September, apply 2800 kg / mu of well-rotted manure, and spread 55 kg / mu of quicklime for disinfection; after land preparation, make beds at 175 cm high, with a ditch width of 30 cm and a ditch depth of 35 cm, and dig planting holes after the bed surface is leveled.

[0030] (3) Dig planting holes: The planting hole size is 20cm×20cm×10cm, the planting hole spacing is 30cm×30cm, and 4 planting holes are arranged horizontally in each row.

[0031] (4) Soaking lily bulbs: Select 'Zhongdan No. 1' lily bulbs, soak them for 10 minutes in a solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder (500 times dilution) + 80% mancozeb wettable powder (600 times dilution), and then take them out and air dry.

[0032] (5) Apply base fertilizer: Apply 200 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 85 kg / mu of N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15 compound fertilizer, 1 handful of wood ash / hole, and 8 kg / mu of phorate to each planting hole. Spread the fertilizer evenly at the bottom of the hole and mix it evenly with the soil in the hole.

[0033] (6) Planting: Plant in late September. Plant 3 'Yu Yuan Hu No. 1' seed stems on each side of the planting hole, 5.5cm from the bottom of the hole and 5.5cm apart. Plant 2 lily bulbs in the middle of the 2 rows of Corydalis, with a spacing of 15cm between the bulbs. Cover with soil after planting and make a low ridge 5.5cm high along the bed surface.

[0034] (7) Field management: timely weeding, irrigation, topdressing and pest and disease control during the growing season.

[0035] (8) Harvesting: Corydalis is harvested in late April of the following year; lilies are harvested in late July.

[0036] Example 2 A method for intercropping lilies and Corydalis yanhusuo in an area at an altitude of 800m, with an average annual temperature of 15℃, a frost-free period of 250 days, and an annual precipitation of 800mm, where the previous crop was rice and the soil type was humus loam, includes the following steps: (1) Site selection: Select a plot of land with deep, loose, fertile soil and good drainage. Before turning the land, clear away straw and gravel from the field.

[0037] (2) Land preparation and ridge making: Turn the land in early September, apply 2500 kg / mu of well-rotted manure, and spread 50 kg / mu of quicklime for disinfection; make ridges with a height of 165 cm, with a ditch width of 25 cm and a ditch depth of 30 cm.

[0038] (3) Dig planting holes: The planting hole size is 18cm×18cm×8cm, the spacing between planting holes is 30cm×30cm, and 4 holes are arranged horizontally in each row.

[0039] (4) Soaking lily bulbs: 'Zhongdan No. 1' bulbs were soaked and disinfected according to the method in Example 1.

[0040] (5) Apply base fertilizer: 200 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 75 kg / mu of N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15 compound fertilizer, 1 bundle of wood ash / hole, 6 kg / mu of phorate, mixed with soil in the hole.

[0041] (6) Planting: Plant in early October. Plant 3 'Yu Yuan Hu No. 1' seed stems on each side of the planting hole, 5cm from the bottom of the hole and 5cm apart. Plant 2 lily bulbs in the middle of the 2 rows of Corydalis, with a spacing of 14cm between the bulbs. Cover with soil after planting and make a 5cm high ridge along the bed surface.

[0042] (7) Field management: timely weeding, irrigation, topdressing and pest and disease control during the growing season.

[0043] (8) Harvesting: Corydalis is harvested in late April of the following year; lilies are harvested in late July.

[0044] Example 3 A method for intercropping lilies and Corydalis yanhusuo in an area at an altitude of 2500m, with an average annual temperature of 5℃, a frost-free period of 150 days, and an annual precipitation of 1500mm, where the previous crop was corn and the soil type was sandy loam, includes the following steps: (1) Site selection: Select a plot of land with deep, loose, fertile soil and good drainage. Before turning the land, clear away straw and gravel from the field.

[0045] (2) Land preparation and ridge making: Turn the land in late September, apply 3000 kg / mu of well-rotted manure, and spread 60 kg / mu of quicklime for disinfection; make ridges with a height of 195 cm, with a ditch width of 35 cm and a ditch depth of 40 cm.

[0046] (3) Dig planting holes: The planting hole size is 22cm×22cm×12cm, the spacing between planting holes is 35cm×35cm, and 4 holes are arranged horizontally in each row.

[0047] (4) Soaking lily bulbs: 'Zhongdan No. 1' bulbs were soaked and disinfected according to the method in Example 1.

[0048] (5) Apply base fertilizer: 250 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 100 kg / mu of N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15 compound fertilizer, 2 bundles of wood ash / hole, 10 kg / mu of phorate, mixed with soil in the hole.

[0049] (6) Planting: Plant in late September. Plant 3 'Yu Yuan Hu No. 1' seed stems on each side of the planting hole, 6cm from the bottom of the hole and 6cm apart. Plant 2 lily bulbs in the middle of the 2 rows of Corydalis, with a spacing of 16cm between the bulbs. Cover with soil after planting and make a 6cm high ridge along the bed surface.

[0050] (7) Field management: timely weeding, irrigation, topdressing and pest and disease control during the growing season.

[0051] (8) Harvesting: Corydalis is harvested in early May of the following year; lilies are harvested in early August.

[0052] Experimental Example 1 Differences in growth and yield between intercropping lily with Corydalis and monoculture of lily The experiment was conducted at the Lily and Corydalis Research Base in Shizhu County, Chongqing, at an altitude of 1000m. The tested lily variety was 'Chongdan No. 1' and the tested Corydalis variety was 'Yu Yuanhu No. 1', both of which had corn as their preceding crop.

[0053] Experimental group: Example 1.

[0054] Control group: Lilies were planted alone, and other management was the same as the experimental group.

[0055] The residential area is 30 square meters. 2 Randomized block design with three replicates. Planted in early September, Corydalis rhizome harvested at the end of April the following year, and Lilium brownii harvested in late July. Actual measurements were taken at the time of harvesting.

[0056] Experimental results: (1) Field growth Control group: Due to the single crop, the lily seedling stage in the following year coincided with the rapid growth of weeds, resulting in increased labor input for weeding.

[0057] Experimental group: The following year, Corydalis seedlings emerged early, and the above-ground parts grew rapidly in March, quickly covering the field and significantly suppressing weed growth. When the Corydalis seedlings withered in late April, the above-ground parts of the lily only then entered vigorous growth, preventing weed infestation. Due to the abundance of intercropped crops, the population showed stronger resistance and less damage from pests and diseases compared to the control group.

[0058] (2) Output Control group: Fresh lily yield was 780.6 kg / mu.

[0059] Experimental group: The yield of fresh lily was 758.1 kg / mu, and the yield of fresh corydalis was 311.4 kg / mu.

[0060] (3) Economic benefits Control group: Fresh lilies were valued at 12 yuan / kg, with a yield of 9367.2 yuan / mu.

[0061] In the experimental group, the yield value of fresh lily bulbs was 9097.2 yuan / mu at 12 yuan / kg, and that of fresh Corydalis rhizome was 6228 yuan / mu at 20 yuan / kg. Overall, intercropping lily bulbs and Corydalis rhizome increased the yield value by 5958 yuan / mu compared to monoculture of lily bulbs.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping lilies and Corydalis yanhusuo, characterized in that, Plant lilies and Corydalis rhizome in late September to early October. Harvest Corydalis rhizome in late April to early May of the following year, and harvest lilies in late July to early August of the following year. Dig planting holes and plant 3 Corydalis rhizomes on each side of the planting hole, and plant 2 lily bulbs in the middle of 2 rows of Corydalis rhizomes.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the planting hole are 18-22cm × 18-22cm × 8-12cm.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the Corydalis rhizome and the bottom of the hole is 5-6 cm, and the spacing is 5-6 cm.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the lily bulbs is 14-16 cm.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the planting holes is 30-35cm × 30-35cm.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before digging planting holes, the land is prepared by applying 2500-3000 kg / mu of well-rotted manure and 50-60 kg / mu of slaked lime for soil disinfection. After land preparation, raised beds are made at a height of 165-195 cm, with a ditch width of 25-35 cm and a ditch depth of 30-40 cm. Planting holes are then dug on the surface of the raised beds.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base fertilizer applied to the planting hole includes 200-250 kg / mu of organic fertilizer, 75-100 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 1-2 bundles of wood ash / hole and 6-10 kg / mu of phorate.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lily bulbs were disinfected by soaking in carbendazim and mancozeb, then dried before being planted.

9. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After planting, cover the soil with soil and make low ridges along the bed surface, with a ridge height of 5-6cm.

10. The planting method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The planting method described is suitable for mountainous climate zones with an average annual temperature of 5-15℃, a frost-free period of 150-250 days, an annual precipitation of 800-1500mm, and an altitude of 800-2500m.

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