A laser cleaning device for removing paint

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of laser cleaning devices for removing paint, it is related to laser cleaning technical field.Laser generating device is included, and the side of laser generating device is connected with laser cleaning head by laser transmission optical fiber, the side of laser cleaning head is fixedly connected with laser adjusting assembly, and laser adjusting assembly includes light head, double-sided mirror and two baffle one, the side of laser generating device is provided with support mechanism, and support mechanism includes support box, and the inside of support box is provided with two ends winding mechanism.The application, by setting laser adjusting structure, two ends winding mechanism and moving mechanism, can flexibly adjust laser cleaning width and angle, while scanning and cleaning paint at uniform speed and precision, fundamentally improve the uniformity of cleaning quality, effectively solve the problem of "leak washing" or "over washing", and significantly enhance the adaptability of equipment to different shape, size workpiece, greatly improve the efficiency of cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cleaning technology, specifically to a laser cleaning device for removing paint. Background Technology

[0002] Patent application CN116174410A includes a cleaning machine body and a cleaning section. The cleaning section is connected to the cleaning machine body and includes a main cleaning section and a traveling section. A fixed base is provided in the middle of the cleaning section. The traveling section includes several traveling structures arranged in a circular array outside the fixed base, and the number of traveling sections is not less than three. The advantages are: efficient cleaning of the inner wall of the pipe is achieved through the cleaning section; the cleaning section moves within the pipe via Mecanum wheels, facilitating movement along the inner wall of the pipe in various directions, effectively preventing overheating inside the laser cleaning head, and ensuring the efficient use of the laser cleaning head.

[0003] In the production and repair of wooden toys, furniture, and other wooden products, it is often necessary to remove the old paint layer from the surface to facilitate repainting, repair of defects, or recycling of materials. Traditional paint removal methods, such as mechanical sanding and chemical solvent cleaning, generally suffer from significant environmental pollution, damage to the wooden substrate, harm to the health of operators, and complex subsequent processing. Laser cleaning technology, as an emerging "green" cleaning solution, has emerged to address this need. Its basic principle is to use a high-energy-density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece surface, causing the paint, coatings, and other contaminants on the surface to instantly vaporize or peel off, while the substrate material remains intact due to its low absorption rate of specific wavelengths of laser light. This method has significant advantages such as non-contact, non-abrasive, selective cleaning, and environmental friendliness, making it particularly suitable for precision workpieces requiring high substrate integrity.

[0004] However, the spot width and emission angle of existing equipment are usually fixed. When dealing with workpieces with complex geometries such as narrow slits, grooves, and sides, the fixed spot is difficult to effectively penetrate or match the contour, resulting in cleaning dead zones (missed cleaning). When processing large flat surfaces, the spot size is too small, leading to low cleaning efficiency, or blindly increasing the power in pursuit of efficiency can damage the substrate (over-cleaning). When operators hold the laser cleaning head, shaking and uneven movement speed are inevitable, resulting in an unstable cleaning trajectory and easily creating "missed cleaning" or "over-cleaning" areas. Missed cleaning requires rework, while over-cleaning may damage the delicate wooden substrate, seriously affecting the cleaning quality and efficiency. The reciprocating motion of the laser cleaning head requires frequent winding and unwinding of the laser transmission fiber. The fiber is often in a state of slack dragging or excessive bending, which makes it very easy to be damaged by friction with the ground or equipment parts, or the fiber core may break due to internal stress concentration. This not only increases the cost of expensive consumable replacements, but may also cause the entire system to shut down, affecting production continuity.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative design based on existing methods is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cleaning device for removing paint, which solves the problems in the background art of difficulty in adjusting the cleaning width and angle, unstable cleaning trajectory, difficulty in ensuring cleaning quality and efficiency, fiber sheath wear, and internal fiber core breakage. The technical solution of this invention addresses the problem of the overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies and provides a solution that is significantly different from existing technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cleaning device for removing paint, comprising a laser generating device, a laser cleaning head connected to one side of the laser generating device via a laser transmission optical fiber, a laser adjustment component fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head, the laser adjustment component comprising a light output head, a double-sided reflector and two baffles, a support mechanism provided on one side of the laser generating device, the support mechanism comprising a support box, a two-end winding mechanism provided inside the support box, a smoke collection mechanism provided at the bottom of the support box, and a smoke inlet hood connected to the smoke collection mechanism via a telescopic tube.

[0008] The two-end winding mechanism includes a first fixed column, a second fixed column, a first winding roller, and a second winding roller. The first winding roller is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second fixed column, and the second winding roller is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first fixed column. A transmission mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the first fixed column.

[0009] A moving mechanism is provided on one side of the two-end winding mechanism, and a clamping mechanism is movably connected to one side of the moving mechanism through a limiting block.

[0010] Preferably, the laser cleaning head is provided with a collimating lens inside, a reflecting mirror is provided on one side of the collimating lens, and a motor-driven galvanometer is installed on one side of the reflecting mirror.

[0011] Preferably, the light-emitting head is fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head, and both ends of the double-sided reflector are slidably connected to the side wall of the laser cleaning head through connecting posts. A sliding groove is opened on both sides of one of the connecting posts, and a wrench is movably connected in the sliding groove through a spring.

[0012] Preferably, one of the connecting columns is provided with a rotation limiting component on its exterior. The rotation limiting component includes a rotating cylinder and a retaining seat. The rotating cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column. The bottom side wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with a plurality of retaining blocks connected by springs. The inner ring of the retaining seat is evenly provided with retaining grooves that are adapted to the retaining blocks.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the baffle is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the laser cleaning head via a rotating shaft. The top of the rotating shaft rotates through the top of the laser cleaning head and is fixedly connected to the rotation limiting component. The bottom of the rotation limiting component is rotatably connected to the top of the laser cleaning head. The two baffles are initially in a figure-eight shape.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the support box, a plug is inserted inside the second fixing column, a connecting rod that rotates through the top of the plug is connected to the top of the support box, the two ends of the first fixing column are rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the support box and the bottom of the connecting plate, the top of the first fixing column rotates through the connecting plate, one end of the second fixing column is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting plate, and a slot that fits the plug is opened at the top of the inner wall of the first fixing column.

[0015] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top end of the connecting rod, a stop block is provided on one side of the connecting rod, one side of the stop block is in contact with the connecting rod, a threaded knob is threadedly connected to the stop block, and the bottom of the threaded knob is slidably connected to the groove on the top of the support box.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a servo motor, which is mounted on one side of the support box. The output end of the servo motor and the outer surface of the fixed column are both fitted with transmission rings, and the two transmission rings are connected by a transmission belt.

[0017] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a lead screw and a gear. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the top of the lead screw. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the support box, respectively. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the top of the fixed column, and the gear and the gear are meshed together.

[0018] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a concave fixing frame, the limiting block is threadedly connected to the lead screw, clamping blocks are slidably connected to both sides of the top of the concave fixing frame, a threaded push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping block, the threaded push rod rotates through the side wall of the concave fixing frame, and the smoke inlet hood is fixedly connected to the bottom of the concave fixing frame.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention, by setting up a laser adjustment structure, two-end winding mechanisms, and a moving mechanism, allows for flexible adjustment of the laser cleaning width and angle. Simultaneously, it enables uniform and precise scanning and cleaning of paint, fundamentally improving the uniformity of cleaning quality and significantly enhancing the equipment's adaptability to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, thus greatly improving cleaning efficiency. By driving two baffles through a rotating limiting component, the laser spot width can be freely and precisely adjusted, enabling a single unit to handle both high-energy-density narrow-slit cleaning and efficient large-area wide-surface cleaning. Furthermore, by rotating the double-sided reflector and utilizing its rotating cylinder and clamping structure to precisely deflect and lock the laser emission angle, it adapts to cleaning tasks involving complex geometries such as workpiece sides and grooves. The uniform and stable lifting of the laser cleaning head overcomes the instability of manual hand-held operation, effectively solving the problems of "missed cleaning" and "over-cleaning," ensuring uniform and consistent cleaning results.

[0021] 2. This invention, by setting fixed column one and fixed column two, when the servo motor drives the laser cleaning head to move, it synchronously drives fixed column one and fixed column two to rotate, thereby controlling take-up roller one and take-up roller two to perform take-up and unwinding operations on both ends of the laser transmission optical fiber. This mechanism can adjust the tension of the laser transmission optical fiber in real time, ensuring that the laser transmission optical fiber is always in a taut and orderly state without dragging throughout the entire operation. This fundamentally avoids the wear of the outer sheath and the breakage of the internal fiber core caused by friction with the ground, self-entanglement or excessive bending, greatly improving the reliability and durability of key consumables and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser head of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the invention, the galvanometer, and the reflector;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke hood of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided reflecting mirror of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wrench of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting column of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the locking block structure of the rotation limiting component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the card holder structure of the rotary limiting component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the insert of this invention;

[0036] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of the stop block and threaded knob of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Laser generator; 2. Support box; 3. Laser cleaning head; 301. Laser transmission fiber; 302. Collimating lens; 303. Light output head; 304. Galvanometer; 305. Reflector 1; 306. Connecting column; 307. Wrench; 308. Rotation limit assembly; 311. Baffle 1; 312. Double-sided reflector; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Fixed column 1; 501. Fixed column 2; 502. Insert column; 503. Connecting rod; 504. Baffle 2; 505. Take-up roller 1; 506. Take-up roller 2; 6. Stop block; 601. Threaded knob; 7. Servo motor; 8. Gear 1; 801. Gear 2; 802. Lead screw 1; 803. Limiting block; 804. Concave fixing frame; 805. Clamping block; 806. Threaded push rod; 9. Smoke collection mechanism; 901. Smoke inlet hood. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-15This invention provides a technical solution: a laser cleaning device for removing paint, comprising a laser generating device 1, a laser cleaning head 3 connected to one side of the laser generating device 1 via a laser transmission fiber 301, the laser generating device 1 generating laser light, which is transmitted to the laser cleaning head 3 via the laser transmission fiber 301 to clean the paint on the surface of the workpiece, a laser adjustment component fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head 3, the laser adjustment component including a light output head 303, a double-sided reflector 312 and two baffles 311, the laser adjustment component being used to flexibly adjust the beam width and irradiation angle of the emitted laser to adapt to workpieces with different shapes and contours, and a support mechanism provided on one side of the laser generating device 1, the support mechanism including... The system includes a support box 2, which is equipped with four casters at the bottom for easy manual pushing of the support mechanism to the destination. The support box 2 has two retractable mechanisms inside and a smoke collection mechanism 9 at the bottom. The smoke collection mechanism 9 is connected to a smoke inlet hood 901 via a telescopic tube. The smoke collection mechanism 9 includes a fan and a filter (not shown in the figure). Through the smoke inlet hood 901, under the negative pressure generated by the fan, the smoke and dust generated during the cleaning process are captured at the source. The flexible telescopic tube is connected to the smoke inlet hood 901 to ensure that the laser cleaning head 3 can still maintain effective suction when it moves. The captured pollutants enter the filter through the telescopic tube. After multi-stage filtration, clean air is discharged, thus achieving an environmentally friendly and pollution-free cleaning operation.

[0040] The two-end winding mechanism includes a first fixed post 5, a second fixed post 501, a first winding roller 505, and a second winding roller 506. The first winding roller 505 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second fixed post 501, and the second winding roller 506 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first fixed post 5. A transmission mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the first fixed post 5 to pass the laser transmission fiber 301 through one side of the support box 2 and to wind the laser transmission fiber 301 around the surface of the second winding roller 506. The upper middle part of the laser transmission fiber 301 is fixed to the top of the second winding roller 506. Then, the upper middle part of the laser transmission fiber 301 is fixed to the bottom end of the take-up roller 505. The laser cleaning head 3 is placed on the lower part of the other side of the support box 2. The insertion post 502 is moved down manually so that the bottom end of the insertion post 502 is inserted into the top end of the fixed post 5, thereby making the fixed post 5 and the fixed post 2 501 form a whole. The transmission mechanism can drive the fixed post 5 to rotate forward and backward, and then drive the fixed post 2 501 to rotate forward and backward through the insertion post 502, thereby synchronously completing the take-up and take-up of both ends of the laser transmission fiber 301.

[0041] A moving mechanism is provided on one side of the winding mechanism at both ends. A clamping mechanism is movably connected to one side of the moving mechanism via a limit block 803. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the laser cleaning head 3, keeping the laser cleaning head 3 in a vertical position. The moving mechanism can drive the laser cleaning head 3 to move up and down at a uniform speed and stably through the clamping mechanism.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, a collimating lens 302 is provided inside the laser cleaning head 3. The collimating lens 302 is responsible for converting the diverging laser beam from the transmission optical fiber into a collimated parallel beam. A reflecting mirror 305 is provided on one side of the collimating lens 302. The reflecting mirror 305 is positioned at 45° to the laser beam. A motor-driven galvanometer 304 is installed on one side of the reflecting mirror 305. The galvanometer 304 is parallel to the reflecting mirror 305. The reflecting mirror 305 is used to change the direction of the optical path and guide the collimated beam to the galvanometer 304. The motor-driven galvanometer 304 precisely controls the emission angle of the laser beam by high-speed deflection. Through the rapid control of the galvanometer 304, the laser focus can move at high speed and precision on the surface of the workpiece, thereby transforming the static laser point into a dynamic scanning line.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser output head 303 is fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head 3. A protective lens is installed on one side of the laser output head 303 to protect internal components such as the galvanometer and field lens. A field lens (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed inside the laser output head 303, between the double-sided reflector 312 and the protective lens. The field lens is used to focus the parallel laser beam deflected by the galvanometer 304 onto the same focal plane on the workpiece surface. Both ends of the double-sided reflector 312 are connected to the side of the laser cleaning head 3 via connecting posts 306. The wall-limiting sliding connection has grooves on both sides of one of the connecting posts 306. A wrench 307 is movably connected to the grooves by a spring. The user can release the locking of the connecting post 306 by moving the two wrenches 307 towards the center with their fingers. When it is necessary to adjust the laser angle, the double-sided reflector 312 is moved up to the center position of the laser cleaning head 3, which is the laser emission point. When it is not necessary to adjust the laser angle, the double-sided reflector 312 is moved down and limited to the non-working position, so that it is deviated from the optical path and will not block the normal emission of the laser beam.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, a rotation limiting component 308 is provided on the outside of one of the connecting columns 306. The rotation limiting component 308 includes a rotating cylinder and a locking seat. The rotating cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column 306. Multiple locking blocks connected by springs are provided on the bottom side wall of the rotating cylinder. The inner ring of the locking seat is evenly provided with locking grooves that are adapted to the locking blocks. When the user rotates the rotating cylinder, the locking blocks pressed by the springs will engage or disengage with the locking grooves of the inner ring of the locking seat in sequence. This achieves precise positioning and secure locking of the double-sided reflector 312 after adjustment, and can effectively prevent the optical path from shifting under vibration, ensuring the stability and reliability of the cleaning operation process.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the baffle 311 is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the laser cleaning head 3 via a rotating shaft. The top of the rotating shaft rotates through the top of the laser cleaning head 3 and is fixedly connected to the rotating limiting component 308. The bottom of the rotating limiting component 308 is rotatably connected to the top of the laser cleaning head 3. The two baffles 311 are initially in a figure-eight shape. The two baffles 311 form a variable aperture. By driving the rotating shaft through the rotating limiting component 308, the opening or closing angle of the two baffles 311 can be controlled. The initial figure-eight structure is adapted to the maximum width of the laser beam. By changing the size of the opening between the two baffles, the width of the light spot irradiated on the workpiece can be precisely controlled, thereby flexibly adapting to cleaning tasks with different widths and cleanliness requirements, and flexibly switching between narrow slit cleaning requiring high energy density and large-area cleaning requiring wide coverage.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, a connecting plate 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the support box 2. A pin 502 is inserted into the second fixing column 501. A connecting rod 503, which rotates through the top of the pin 502, is connected to the top of the second fixing column 501. The two ends of the first fixing column 5 are rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the support box 2 and the bottom of the connecting plate 4, respectively. The top of the first fixing column 5 rotates through the connecting plate 4. One end of the second fixing column 501 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting plate 4. The connecting plate 4 serves to support the first fixing column 5 and the second fixing column 501. For support, the top of the inner wall of the first fixed post 5 is provided with a slot that fits into the insert post 502. The outer ring of the insert post 502 is provided with multiple protruding strips to increase the contact area between the insert post 502 and the first fixed post 5 surrounding the second fixed post 501. This makes it easier for the insert post 502 to be inserted into the top of the first fixed post 5 and to generate greater friction with the interior of the first fixed post 5 and the second fixed post 501, making the connection between the first fixed post 5 and the second fixed post 501 more stable. Furthermore, the rotation of the first fixed post 5 drives the second fixed post 501 to rotate through the insert post 502.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, a baffle 504 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top end of the connecting rod 503. A stop block 6 is provided on one side of the connecting rod 503, and one side of the stop block 6 is in contact with the connecting rod 503. A threaded knob 601 is threadedly connected to the stop block 6, and the bottom of the threaded knob 601 is slidably connected to the groove on the top of the support box 2. The connecting rod 503 is moved upward manually, and then the threaded knob 601 is rotated upward to push the stop block 6 towards the connecting rod 503. One side of the stop block 6 is in contact with one side of the connecting rod 503. Then the connecting rod 503 is lowered, and the baffle 504 descends to the top of the stop block 6. Then the threaded knob 601 is turned downward to fix the connecting rod 503 and the insert post 502, so that the bottom of the insert post 502 is above the fixing post 5. Separated from the second fixed column 501, when the transmission mechanism drives the first fixed column 5 to rotate, it only drives the laser transmission fiber 301 on the surface of the second take-up roller 506 to be wound up and down. This facilitates the winding and unwinding of the laser transmission fiber 301 when moving the support structure, and avoids the laser transmission fiber 301 rubbing against the ground during movement, which would affect its service life. After fixing the position of the support mechanism, turn the threaded knob 601 upward and move it away from the connecting rod 503. Manually press the connecting rod 503 downward and insert the bottom end of the insert 502 into the top of the first fixed column 5. The transmission mechanism can then drive the first fixed column 5 and the second fixed column 501 to rotate forward, thereby synchronously driving the rear laser transmission fiber 301 to be unwound and the front laser transmission fiber 301 to be wound up.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a servo motor 7, which is mounted on one side of the support box 2. A transmission ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the output end of the servo motor 7 and one end of the fixed column 5. The two transmission rings are connected by a transmission belt. When the servo motor 7 is manually started, the output end of the servo motor 7 rotates, thereby driving the transmission ring to rotate, and driving the other transmission ring to rotate through the transmission belt, thereby driving the fixed column 5 to rotate.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a lead screw 802 and a gear 801. The gear 801 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the top of the lead screw 802. The two ends of the lead screw 802 are rotatably connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the support box 2, respectively. The outer surface of the top of the fixed column 501 is fixedly sleeved with a gear 8. The gear 8 meshes with the gear 801. When the gear 8 rotates forward, it can drive the gear 801 and the lead screw 802 to rotate in reverse, thereby driving the clamping mechanism and the laser cleaning head 3 to move steadily upward. When the laser cleaning head 3 is opened, the surface of the object can be cleaned uniformly and stably from bottom to top.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a concave fixing frame 804, a limiting block 803 threadedly connected to a lead screw 802, clamping blocks 805 slidably connected to both sides of the top of the concave fixing frame 804, and a threaded push rod 806 fixedly connected to one side of the clamping block 805. The threaded push rod 806 rotates through the side wall of the concave fixing frame 804. The laser cleaning head 3 is inserted from the bottom between the two clamping blocks 805. By manually rotating the threaded push rods 806 on both sides, the two clamping blocks 805 can be moved synchronously towards the center to clamp and fix the laser cleaning head 3. The smoke inlet hood 901 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the concave fixing frame 804. The smoke inlet hood 901 can move with the movement of the laser cleaning head 3 to promptly absorb the removed smoke.

[0051] Working principle: By setting up a laser adjustment structure, two-end winding mechanisms and a moving mechanism, the servo motor 7 is started, which drives the winding roller 506 to rotate and unwind the lower laser transmission fiber 301, making it easier to move the support mechanism. The entire support mechanism is manually pushed to the front of the workpiece to be cleaned. After reaching the destination, the casters are locked, the servo motor 7 is turned off, and the support mechanism is fixed. After the support mechanism is fixed, switch to "cleaning mode": loosen and turn down the threaded knob 601, remove the stop block 6, and then manually press down the connecting rod 503 so that the bottom end of the insert 502 is inserted into the slot of the fixed column 5. At this time, the fixed column 5 and the fixed column 2 501 form a whole through the insert 502.

[0052] To adjust the cleaning width: by driving the rotating limiting component 308, the opening angle of the two baffles 311 arranged in a figure-eight shape can be controlled, thereby forming a variable aperture, which flexibly adjusts the width of the emitted laser beam to adapt to different working conditions from narrow slit fine cleaning to wide surface cleaning.

[0053] To adjust the cleaning angle: When dealing with the side or complex structures, the operator can squeeze the wrench 307 to release the lock on the connecting post 306, push the double-sided reflector 312 into the optical path and slide it to the working position. By rotating the connecting post 306, the angle of the double-sided reflector 312 can be precisely adjusted and locked using its internal locking block and slot structure, thereby changing the laser emission direction and achieving multi-angle cleaning. After adjustment, the wrench 307 can be released to relock, ensuring operational stability.

[0054] The servo motor 7 is started as a single power source. Its output drives the fixed column 5 to rotate through the transmission ring and transmission belt. The rotation of the fixed column 5 drives the gear 8 at its top to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the gear 801 and the lead screw 802 that mesh with it to rotate. The limiting block 803 that is threaded with the lead screw 802 drives the concave fixed frame 804 and the laser cleaning head 3 held by it to move in a uniform and stable manner in the vertical direction. This process effectively avoids the instability of manual hand-held operation and solves the problems of "missed cleaning" or "over-cleaning".

[0055] While the laser cleaning head 3 moves up and down, the servo motor 7 drives the fixed column 5 to rotate. When the insertion post 502 is inserted into the top of the fixed column 5 and linked with the fixed column 501, the fixed column 5 and the fixed column 501 rotate synchronously. The two ends of the laser transmission fiber 301 are wound up and unwound in a coordinated manner by the winding roller 505 and the winding roller 506, respectively. This ensures that the fiber is always in a taut and orderly state during equipment operation, effectively preventing damage caused by dragging, tangling or friction with the ground, and greatly extending the service life of the laser transmission fiber 301.

[0056] The smoke and splashes generated during the cleaning process are captured at the source by the smoke hood 901, which moves synchronously with the laser cleaning head 3, under the negative pressure of the fan in the smoke collection mechanism 9. The smoke and splashes are then transported to the filter through the telescopic pipe for purification and finally discharged as clean air, achieving green and environmentally friendly operation.

[0057] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," and "tail" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the accompanying drawings, and are used only for ease of description and simplification, not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint, comprising a laser generating device (1), characterized in that: A laser cleaning head (3) is connected to one side of the laser generating device (1) via a laser transmission fiber (301). A laser adjustment component is fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head (3). The laser adjustment component includes a light output head (303), a double-sided reflector (312), and two baffles (311). A support mechanism is provided on one side of the laser generating device (1). The support mechanism includes a support box (2). A two-end winding mechanism is provided inside the support box (2). A smoke collection mechanism (9) is provided at the bottom of the support box (2). A smoke inlet hood (901) is connected to the smoke collection mechanism (9) via a telescopic tube. The two-end winding mechanism includes a first fixed column (5), a second fixed column (501), a first winding roller (505) and a second winding roller (506). The first winding roller (505) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second fixed column (501), and the second winding roller (506) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first fixed column (5). A transmission mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the first fixed column (5). A moving mechanism is provided on one side of the two-end winding mechanism, and a clamping mechanism is movably connected to one side of the moving mechanism through a limiting block (803). The light output head (303) is fixedly connected to one side of the laser cleaning head (3). Both ends of the double-sided reflector (312) are slidably connected to the side wall of the laser cleaning head (3) through connecting posts (306). A sliding groove is opened on both sides of one of the connecting posts (306), and a wrench (307) is movably connected in the sliding groove through a spring. One of the connecting columns (306) is provided with a rotation limiting component (308) on the outside. The rotation limiting component (308) includes a rotating cylinder and a card seat. The rotating cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column (306). The bottom side wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with multiple card blocks connected by springs. The inner ring of the card seat is evenly provided with card slots that are adapted to the card blocks. One end of the baffle (311) is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the laser cleaning head (3) via a rotating shaft. The top of the rotating shaft rotates through the top of the laser cleaning head (3) and is fixedly connected to the rotating limiting component (308). The bottom of the rotating limiting component (308) is rotatably connected to the top of the laser cleaning head (3). The two baffles (311) are initially in a figure-eight shape.

2. The laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cleaning head (3) is equipped with a collimating mirror (302) inside, and a reflector (305) is provided on one side of the collimating mirror (302). A motor-driven galvanometer (304) is installed on one side of the reflector (305).

3. The laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the support box (2). A plug (502) is inserted into the second fixing column (501). A connecting rod (503) that rotates through the top of the plug (502) is connected to the top of the support box (2). The two ends of the first fixing column (5) are rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the support box (2) and the bottom of the connecting plate (4) respectively. The top of the first fixing column (5) rotates through the connecting plate (4). One end of the second fixing column (501) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting plate (4). A slot that fits the plug (502) is opened at the top of the inner wall of the first fixing column (5).

4. The laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 3, characterized in that: A baffle plate (504) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top end of the connecting rod (503). A stop block (6) is provided on one side of the connecting rod (503). One side of the stop block (6) is in contact with the connecting rod (503). A threaded knob (601) is threadedly connected to the stop block (6). The bottom of the threaded knob (601) is slidably connected to the groove on the top of the support box (2).

5. A laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a servo motor (7), which is installed on one side of the support box (2). The output end of the servo motor (7) and the outer surface of the fixed column (5) are both fitted with transmission rings, and the two transmission rings are connected by a transmission belt.

6. A laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes a lead screw (802) and a gear (801). The gear (801) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the top of the lead screw (802). The two ends of the lead screw (802) are rotatably connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the support box (2), respectively. The outer surface of the top of the fixed column (501) is fixedly sleeved with a gear (8), and the gear (8) meshes with the gear (801).

7. A laser cleaning apparatus for removing paint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a concave fixing frame (804), the limiting block (803) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (802), clamping blocks (805) are slidably connected to both sides of the top of the concave fixing frame (804), a threaded push rod (806) is fixedly connected to one side of the clamping block (805), the threaded push rod (806) rotates through the side wall of the concave fixing frame (804), and the smoke inlet hood (901) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the concave fixing frame (804).

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