Solar water heating system control method, system and equipment based on solar radiation and environment temperature and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar water heating system control method, system, equipment and medium based on solar radiation and environment temperature, and the method comprises the following steps: when the combination of the solar radiation intensity and the environment temperature meets a first correlation condition, adopting a temperature difference control strategy, and analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference of the inlet and outlet of a heat collector and the environment temperature; a corresponding temperature difference threshold interval with the time-varying characteristic is matched, and circulating pump start-stop logic is generated in a self-adaptive mode; when the combination of the solar radiation intensity and the environment temperature meets a second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted, and a dynamic compensation coefficient is generated by fusing an environment temperature gradient predicted value obtained through trend extrapolation and a thermal response lag parameter extracted from historical operation data of the heat collector; and based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, the deviation difference between the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the heat collector and the target value is corrected to adjust the flow of the circulating pump in a closed-loop manner. Therefore, the scheme of the invention ensures that the system can automatically match the optimal operation strategy in different seasons and climate changes all the year round.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology for solar water heating systems, and in particular to a control method, system, device, and medium for solar water heating systems based on solar radiation and ambient temperature. Background Technology

[0002] Solar water heating systems, as an important form of clean energy utilization, offer significant environmental and economic benefits. Furthermore, their relatively simple structure, ease of maintenance, and long service life have led to their widespread application in residential, hotel, hospital, and industrial sectors. With the advancement of energy transition and carbon neutrality goals, improving the efficiency and reliability of solar water heating systems has become a key research focus in the industry. Traditional systems often employ a single control strategy based on a fixed temperature difference, controlling the start and stop of the circulating pump by monitoring the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water of the collector. However, under complex and variable climatic conditions, their performance still has considerable room for optimization.

[0003] The current mainstream temperature difference control method controls water pump operation by detecting the temperature difference between the collector outlet and the water tank: the water pump starts when the temperature difference reaches the set upper limit and stops when the temperature difference falls below the set lower limit. However, this control method has significant limitations. When solar radiation is strong, a fixed temperature difference setpoint is difficult to adapt to different ambient temperatures: at low ambient temperatures, a setpoint that is too low will cause the water pump to start and stop frequently; at high ambient temperatures, a setpoint that is too high will result in excessively long start-stop intervals. When solar radiation is weak, the system often fails to start circulating normally because the set temperature difference threshold cannot be reached, resulting in the inability to timely remove heat from the collector. More importantly, existing methods lack a dynamic response mechanism to changes in ambient temperature, and cannot optimize control parameters in real time according to the ambient temperature, ultimately limiting solar energy utilization and creating a bottleneck for system energy efficiency improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a control method, system, equipment and medium for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature. It solves the technical problems of poor adaptability to ambient temperature, lag response to solar radiation fluctuations and fixed control parameters in the static temperature difference control strategy used in traditional solar water heating systems, which leads to frequent start-stop of circulating pumps, heat accumulation in collectors and limited solar thermal energy conversion efficiency, thus restricting the improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, comprising: Acquire solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, temperature difference between collector inlet and outlet, and water temperature in hot water storage tank; When the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets the first correlation condition, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted. By analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the ambient temperature, the corresponding temperature difference threshold range with time-varying characteristics is matched and the circulation pump start-up and shutdown logic is adaptively generated. When the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies the second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted. By fusing the predicted ambient temperature gradient obtained by trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from the historical data of the solar collector, a dynamic compensation coefficient is generated. Based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, the deviation between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the target value is differentially corrected to regulate the flow rate of the circulating pump in a closed loop. The first and second correlation conditions were determined based on the differential effects of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

[0006] Optionally, when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies the first correlation condition, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted. This involves analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference between the collector inlet and outlet and the ambient temperature, matching the corresponding time-varying temperature difference threshold range, and adaptively generating the circulation pump start-up and shutdown logic, including: When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, the first start temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold are dynamically configured for the current temperature difference control strategy. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, a second start temperature difference threshold and a second stop temperature difference threshold are dynamically configured for the current temperature difference control strategy. The second start temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first start temperature difference threshold, and the second stop temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first stop temperature difference threshold. Under the current scenario conditions, the obtained temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is compared with a selected value of either the first or the second start-up temperature difference threshold. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is higher than the selected value of either the first or the second start-up temperature difference threshold, the circulation pump is activated. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is not higher than either the first start-up temperature difference threshold or the second start-up temperature difference threshold, then the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is compared with either the first stop temperature difference threshold or the second stop temperature difference threshold. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is lower than either the first or the second stop temperature difference threshold, the circulation pump will be shut down. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is between the start-up temperature difference threshold and the stop temperature difference threshold corresponding to the current scenario, the operating power of the circulating pump will be selectively maintained or gradually adjusted based on the sign direction of the rate of change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector.

[0007] Optionally, the dynamic configuration of the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: the rate of decrease of the ambient temperature within a preset time period is obtained; based on the gradient interval of the rate of decrease, the corresponding first start-up temperature difference reference value and first stop temperature difference reference value are matched from a predefined first mapping table; the cumulative change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector within a continuous time window is obtained; if the cumulative change exceeds a preset compensation boundary value, a positive step increment is applied to the first start-up temperature difference reference value, and a negative step decrement is applied to the first stop temperature difference reference value to obtain the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold. The dynamic configuration of the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: Based on the cumulative change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector within a continuous time window, and based on the thermal inertia level range in which the cumulative change is located, the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value are selected from the predefined second mapping table. The real-time ambient temperature drop rate is compared with the preset rate warning value. If the drop rate continues to exceed the warning value for a preset time length, the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value are synchronously reduced. The reduction magnitude is a preset step size and a maximum of N reductions are performed per natural day, where N is a preset positive integer. When the maximum number of reductions per natural day N is reached or the ambient temperature drop rate falls below the rate warning value, the reduction operation is stopped, and the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold are obtained.

[0008] Optionally, if the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is between the start-up temperature difference threshold and the stop temperature difference threshold corresponding to the current scenario, then the selective maintenance or gradual adjustment of the circulating pump operating power based on the sign direction of the rate of change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector includes: The instantaneous rate of change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is calculated in real time, and the sign and direction are extracted. When the sign of the rate of change is detected to be positive, the step-by-step increase of the circulating pump power is triggered. The increase of the circulating pump power is dynamically and inversely adjusted according to the negative offset of the slope of the ambient temperature change obtained in real time. After each power increase operation, a power lock-up protection period of a preset duration is triggered. If the negative offset of the slope of the ambient temperature change is lower than the preset offset threshold, the current circulating pump power is maintained unchanged. When a negative sign is detected in the rate of change, a delayed decay of the circulating pump power is triggered. If the absolute value of the negative rate of change exceeds the preset dynamic threshold, the circulating pump power is reduced to the preset basic operating mode in one go. If the absolute value of the negative rate of change does not exceed the preset dynamic threshold, the circulating pump power is reduced according to the preset decay gradient after detecting the consistency of the temperature difference change trend within N consecutive time windows.

[0009] Optionally, when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies the second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted. This involves generating a dynamic compensation coefficient by fusing the predicted ambient temperature gradient obtained through trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from historical collector operating data. Based on this dynamic compensation coefficient, the deviation between the collector inlet / outlet temperature difference and the target value is differentially corrected to achieve closed-loop regulation of the circulating pump flow rate, including: When the solar radiation intensity is lower than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, the first target temperature difference value is dynamically configured for the current feedback control strategy. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, a second target temperature difference value is dynamically configured for the current feedback control strategy. By collecting current and previous N minutes of ambient temperature time-series data, a trend extrapolation algorithm is used to generate predicted values ​​of ambient temperature gradient. The thermal response lag parameters are extracted from the historical operation database of the solar collector. The thermal response lag parameters include the delay time of the change in the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector under different solar radiation conditions and the corresponding correlation weight of the power adjustment of the circulating pump. The ambient temperature gradient prediction vector and the thermal response hysteresis parameter are input into the feature fusion model, and the compensation coefficient is output. The instantaneous deviation between the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the solar collector and the first or second target temperature difference value is monitored in real time. The deviation is input into a differential controller with a compensation coefficient correction to generate a series of adjustment commands. The circulating pump is driven to perform closed-loop flow regulation according to the series of adjustment commands.

[0010] Optionally, the operational rules of the feature fusion model include: When the predicted temperature gradient direction is the same as the thermal inertia direction characterized by historical data of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, the basic adjustment amount is determined by the ratio of the correlation weight of the circulation pump power adjustment corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time. The direction enhancement amount, which includes the normalized product of the predicted ambient temperature gradient vector magnitude and the thermal inertia direction intensity, is then added to obtain the compensation coefficient. The thermal inertia direction intensity is characterized by the ratio of the standard deviation of the historical temperature difference data to the temperature difference change delay time. When the predicted temperature gradient direction is opposite to the direction of thermal inertia characterized by historical data on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, the compensation coefficient is recalibrated according to the ratio of the correlation weight of the circulation pump power adjustment corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time.

[0011] Optionally, during the execution of the temperature difference control strategy or feedback control strategy, the following mandatory thermal safety protection strategy may be implemented simultaneously: The water temperature in the hot water storage tank is monitored in real time and compared with the preset upper and lower limits of the safe operating temperature. When the water temperature in the hot water storage tank exceeds the upper limit of the safe operating temperature, a forced shutdown command for the circulating pump is generated, which has a higher priority than the temperature difference control strategy or the feedback control strategy. When the water temperature in the hot water storage tank is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the safe operating temperature and the solar irradiance is lower than the supplementary heating start threshold, an electric auxiliary heating device start command is generated; the supplementary heating start threshold is determined based on historical solar irradiance data and the response time of the electric auxiliary heating device.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a control system for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, comprising: The data monitoring module is used to acquire solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, and water temperature in the hot water storage tank; The temperature difference control module is used to adopt a temperature difference control strategy when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets the first correlation condition. By analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the ambient temperature, it matches the corresponding temperature difference threshold range with time-varying characteristics and adaptively generates the start-stop logic of the circulating pump. The feedback control module is used to adopt a feedback control strategy when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets the second correlation condition. It generates a dynamic compensation coefficient by fusing the predicted ambient temperature gradient value obtained by trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from the historical data of the solar collector. Based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, it differentially corrects the deviation between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the target value, so as to regulate the flow rate of the circulating pump in a closed loop. The first and second correlation conditions were determined based on the differential effects of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a control device for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature. This device is applied to a solar water heating system comprising a solar collector, a hot water storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchange coil, an electric auxiliary heating device, a booster pump, a three-way valve, and a first, second, and third temperature monitoring device. The solar collector, circulating pump, and heat exchange coil are connected via water pipes to form a heat collection loop, which is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The electric auxiliary heating device and heat exchange coil are located inside the hot water storage tank. The booster pump is connected to the hot water storage tank and the three-way valve via water pipes. The three-way valve is connected to the hot water storage tank, the domestic cold water pipeline, and the water-using terminal. The first, second, and third temperature monitoring devices are respectively located at the outlet end, inlet end, and inside the hot water storage tank of the solar collector. The control device includes: At least one processor is communicatively connected to a first temperature monitoring device, a second temperature monitoring device, and a third temperature monitoring device, respectively. A circulating pump control module that communicates with the processor is used to drive the circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heat collection circuit; An electric auxiliary heating control module that communicates with the processor is used to adjust the electric auxiliary heating device according to the water temperature of the hot water storage tank. The booster pump control module, which communicates with the processor, is used to regulate the pressure of the hot water storage tank and the water terminal in a coordinated manner. The three-way valve adjustment module, which communicates with the processor, is used to adjust the opening of the three-way valve in real time based on the water temperature feedback signal from the water terminal, so as to dynamically balance the mixing ratio of hot water from the hot water storage tank and domestic cold water. A memory communicatively connected to a processor stores executable instructions that are executed by at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as described above.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as described above.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are: by distinguishing the different effects of solar radiation and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector, this invention establishes a multi-mode collaborative control framework to ensure that the system can automatically match the optimal operating strategy under different seasons and climate changes throughout the year.

[0016] First, the operation mode is intelligently divided based on the real-time combined state of solar radiation and ambient temperature. For strong radiation scenarios, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted. By coupling the time-varying characteristics of ambient temperature and collector temperature difference, a differentiated temperature difference threshold range is dynamically generated, which enables the circulation pump start-up and shutdown logic to adapt to external environmental fluctuations. This effectively avoids the frequent start-up and shutdown or response lag problems caused by traditional fixed thresholds and optimizes the heat collection efficiency under strong radiation conditions.

[0017] Secondly, under weak radiation conditions, a feedback control strategy is switched to generate a dynamic compensation coefficient by integrating the predicted ambient temperature gradient and the collector thermal response hysteresis parameter to differentially correct the temperature difference deviation. Based on the dynamic compensation mechanism of trend extrapolation and historical data extraction, the control delay caused by thermal inertia in traditional methods is overcome, and the risk of heat accumulation in the collector is greatly reduced. This not only achieves closed-loop precise regulation of the circulating pump flow rate, but also significantly improves the system's heat capture capability in low radiation environments.

[0018] Ultimately, through the organic combination of parameter adaptive adjustment and intelligent mode switching, the system maintains efficient and stable operation under complex weather conditions, breaking through the energy efficiency bottleneck of traditional static control strategies and achieving a comprehensive improvement in solar thermal energy conversion efficiency and overall operational reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating step S2 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 A detailed flowchart illustrating step S23b of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating step S3 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the method provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a solar water heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a control method for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature includes: acquiring solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector, and water temperature in the hot water storage tank; when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies a first correlation condition, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted, which analyzes the coupling relationship between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector and the ambient temperature, matches the corresponding temperature difference threshold range with time-varying characteristics, and adaptively generates the start-stop logic of the circulating pump; when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies a second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted, which generates a dynamic compensation coefficient by fusing the predicted value of the ambient temperature gradient obtained by trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from the historical data of the collector operation, and differentially corrects the deviation between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector and the target value based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, so as to regulate the flow rate of the circulating pump in a closed loop; wherein, the first correlation condition and the second correlation condition are determined based on the differential influence of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

[0022] This invention establishes a multi-mode collaborative control framework by distinguishing the different effects of solar radiation and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the solar collector, ensuring that the system can automatically match the optimal operating strategy under different seasons and climate changes throughout the year.

[0023] First, the operation mode is intelligently divided based on the real-time combined state of solar radiation and ambient temperature. For strong radiation scenarios, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted. By coupling the time-varying characteristics of ambient temperature and collector temperature difference, a differentiated temperature difference threshold range is dynamically generated, which enables the circulation pump start-up and shutdown logic to adapt to external environmental fluctuations. This effectively avoids the frequent start-up and shutdown or response lag problems caused by traditional fixed thresholds and optimizes the heat collection efficiency under strong radiation conditions.

[0024] Secondly, under weak radiation conditions, a feedback control strategy is switched to generate a dynamic compensation coefficient by integrating the predicted ambient temperature gradient and the collector thermal response hysteresis parameter to differentially correct the temperature difference deviation. Based on the dynamic compensation mechanism of trend extrapolation and historical data extraction, the control delay caused by thermal inertia in traditional methods is overcome, and the risk of heat accumulation in the collector is greatly reduced. This not only achieves closed-loop precise regulation of the circulating pump flow rate, but also significantly improves the system's heat capture capability in low radiation environments.

[0025] Ultimately, through the organic combination of parameter adaptive adjustment and intelligent mode switching, the system maintains efficient and stable operation under complex weather conditions, breaking through the energy efficiency bottleneck of traditional static control strategies and achieving a comprehensive improvement in solar thermal energy conversion efficiency and overall operational reliability.

[0026] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, comprising: S1. Obtain solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, and water temperature in the hot water storage tank.

[0028] Specifically, solar radiation intensity data is collected in real time using an irradiance sensor, while external air temperature parameters are obtained using an ambient temperature sensor; the first and second temperature monitoring devices simultaneously collect the outlet temperature T of the solar collector. o and inlet temperature T i Calculate the instantaneous temperature difference between the outlet and the inlet, ΔT = T o -T i The third temperature monitoring device continuously monitors the real-time water temperature T in the hot water storage tank. s .

[0029] All raw data undergoes preprocessing, specifically including: removing invalid data caused by sensor power outages or communication interruptions; filtering transient noise interference using a moving average on temperature and irradiance data; and aligning asynchronously acquired data from different sensors within a unified time window to match timing logic. The preprocessed dataset includes solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, ΔT, and T. s Parameters are used for the dynamic generation of subsequent control logic.

[0030] S2. When the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies the first correlation condition, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted. By analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the ambient temperature, the corresponding temperature difference threshold range with time-varying characteristics is matched and the circulation pump start-up and shutdown logic is adaptively generated.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, step S2 includes: S21. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, a first start temperature difference threshold and a first stop temperature difference threshold are dynamically configured for the current temperature difference control strategy. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, a second start temperature difference threshold and a second stop temperature difference threshold are dynamically configured for the current temperature difference control strategy. The second start temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first start temperature difference threshold, and the second stop temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first stop temperature difference threshold.

[0032] Specifically, the dynamic configuration of the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: The rate of decrease of the ambient temperature within a preset time period is calculated. Based on the gradient range of the rate of decrease, the corresponding first start-up temperature difference reference value and first stop temperature difference reference value are matched from a predefined first mapping table. The cumulative change in the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector within a continuous time window is calculated. If the cumulative change exceeds a preset compensation boundary value, a positive step increment is applied to the first start-up temperature difference reference value, and a negative step decrement is applied to the first stop temperature difference reference value to obtain the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold. The increment of each step should be controlled within the range of 1% to 5% of the reference value to ensure that the adjustment range can respond to the signal of exceeding the limit of the cumulative change while avoiding threshold drift and loss of control due to excessive single increment. The decrement of each step is recommended to be set to 0.5% to 2% of the reference value. This slightly lower increment reflects the conservatism of the start-up and stop threshold adjustment, avoiding premature termination of the heat cycle.

[0033] The dynamic configuration of the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: Based on the cumulative change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector within a continuous time window, and based on the thermal inertia level range of the cumulative change, the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value are selected from the predefined second mapping table. The real-time ambient temperature decrease rate is compared with the preset rate warning value. If the decrease rate continues to exceed the warning value for a preset time length, the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value are synchronously decreased. The decrease magnitude is a preset step size, and the decrease is performed a maximum of N times per natural day. The preset step size is set to 0.5%~3% of the reference value, and N is a preset positive integer, N=3~5 times / day. When the maximum number of decreases per natural day N is reached or the ambient temperature decrease rate falls below the rate warning value, the decrease operation is stopped, and the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold are obtained.

[0034] S22a. Under the current scenario conditions, the obtained temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is compared with a selected value from either the first or second start-up temperature difference threshold. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is higher than the selected value from either the first or second start-up temperature difference threshold, the circulation pump is started.

[0035] S22b If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is not higher than either the first start-up temperature difference threshold or the second start-up temperature difference threshold, then the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is compared with either the first stop temperature difference threshold or the second stop temperature difference threshold.

[0036] S23a. If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is lower than either the first or the second stop temperature difference threshold, then the circulation pump shall be shut down.

[0037] S23b If the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector is between the start-up temperature difference threshold and the stop temperature difference threshold corresponding to the current scenario, the operating power of the circulating pump shall be selectively maintained or gradually adjusted based on the sign direction of the rate of change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, step S23b includes: S23b-1. Real-time calculation of the instantaneous rate of change of the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, and extraction of the sign and direction.

[0039] S23b-2. When the sign of the detected rate of change is positive (i.e., the temperature difference continues to expand), the step-by-step increase adjustment of the circulating pump power is triggered. The increase in the circulating pump power is dynamically and inversely adjusted according to the negative offset of the slope of the ambient temperature change obtained by real-time calculation. If the negative offset of the slope of the ambient temperature change is lower than the preset offset threshold, the current circulating pump power is maintained unchanged.

[0040] The specific increase in the power of the circulating pump must satisfy the following formula: ; In the formula, η is the power regulation gain coefficient, and η>0. The slope represents the real-time change in ambient temperature; its negative offset indicates a cooling scenario, where the risk of heat loss increases. To prevent extremely small constants with a denominator of zero, such as 0.01.

[0041] After each power boost operation, a preset power lockout protection period is triggered to lock the power for a fixed period of time to prevent frequent fluctuations.

[0042] S23b-3. When the sign of the rate of change is detected to be negative (i.e., the temperature difference continues to shrink), the power of the circulating pump is delayed and decayed. If the absolute value of the rate of change of the negative value exceeds the preset dynamic threshold, the power of the circulating pump will be reduced to the preset basic operating mode (the power of the circulating pump will be directly switched to the preset minimum stable power level to ensure the basic thermal cycle requirements of the system under the condition of rapid temperature difference contraction). If the absolute value of the rate of change of the negative value does not exceed the preset dynamic threshold, the power of the circulating pump will be reduced according to the preset decay gradient after the consistency of the temperature difference change trend is detected within N consecutive time windows.

[0043] S3. When the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature satisfies the second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted. By fusing the predicted ambient temperature gradient obtained by trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from the historical data of the solar collector, a dynamic compensation coefficient is generated. Based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, the deviation between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector and the target value is differentially corrected to regulate the flow rate of the circulating pump in a closed loop.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, step S3 includes: S31. When the solar radiation intensity is lower than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, the first target temperature difference value is dynamically configured for the current feedback control strategy.

[0045] S32. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, dynamically configure the second target temperature difference value for the current feedback control strategy.

[0046] S33. By collecting the current and previous N minutes of ambient temperature time-series data, a trend extrapolation algorithm is used to generate the predicted value of the ambient temperature gradient.

[0047] S34. Simultaneously extract the thermal response lag parameters from the historical operation database of the solar collector. The thermal response lag parameters include the delay time of the change in the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector under different solar radiation conditions and the corresponding correlation weight of the circulating pump power adjustment.

[0048] S35. Input the ambient temperature gradient prediction vector and the thermal response hysteresis parameter into the feature fusion model and output the compensation coefficient.

[0049] Specifically, when the predicted temperature gradient direction is the same as the thermal inertia direction represented by historical data on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, the basic adjustment amount is determined by the ratio of the correlation weight of the circulating pump power adjustment corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time. The compensation coefficient is obtained by superimposing the normalized product of the predicted ambient temperature gradient vector magnitude and the thermal inertia direction intensity; this is specifically reflected in the following formula: ; Among them, K base Basic adjustment amount, The correlation weight for the circulation pump power adjustment corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity is 0.2≤ω≤0.9, where τ is the temperature difference change delay time, used to force the system to delay by approximately 1-3 minutes, 60s≤τ≤300s. I is the magnitude of the predicted ambient temperature gradient vector. t The thermal inertial direction intensity is characterized by the ratio of the standard deviation of historical temperature difference data to the time lag of temperature difference change. σΔT is the standard deviation of the collected historical temperature difference data.

[0050] When the predicted temperature gradient direction is opposite to the direction of thermal inertia characterized by historical data on the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, the compensation coefficient is recalibrated according to the ratio of the correlation weight of the circulation pump power adjustment corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time.

[0051] S36. Real-time monitoring of the instantaneous deviation between the inlet and outlet temperature difference of the solar collector and the first or second target temperature difference value, inputting the deviation into a differential controller with a compensation coefficient correction, generating a regulation command sequence, and driving the circulating pump to perform closed-loop flow regulation according to the regulation command sequence.

[0052] It is important to emphasize that during the execution of the temperature difference control strategy or feedback control strategy, the following mandatory thermal safety protection strategy is implemented simultaneously: Real-time monitoring of the hot water storage tank temperature is performed and compared with preset upper and lower safe operating temperature thresholds; when the hot water storage tank temperature exceeds the upper safe operating temperature threshold, a forced shutdown command for the circulating pump, with higher priority than the temperature difference control strategy or feedback control strategy, is generated; when the hot water storage tank temperature is below the lower safe operating temperature threshold and the solar irradiance is below the supplementary heating start-up threshold, an electric auxiliary heating device start-up command is generated; the supplementary heating start-up threshold is determined based on historical solar irradiance data and the response time of the electric auxiliary heating device. For example, to prevent the hot water storage tank from overheating, when the internal water temperature T of the hot water storage tank... sWhen the temperature exceeds a certain value (e.g., 80°C), the circulation pump stops; when solar energy is insufficient, the electric auxiliary heating device can supplement the heat of the hot water storage tank, and the internal water temperature T of the hot water storage tank will be maintained. s When the temperature drops below a certain value (e.g., 40°C), the electric auxiliary heating device will be turned on.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a specific operating flow: S0, Start.

[0054] S1, Set solar radiation boundary value I b Low solar radiation I l Ambient temperature boundary value T b The upper limit of temperature difference control ΔT u and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d Temperature difference ΔT under feedback control f Water tank protection temperature T p Auxiliary heating temperature T of water tank f Turn onto S2.

[0055] S2, Monitor ambient temperature T a Solar radiation I, water tank temperature T s The outlet temperature T of the solar collector o The inlet temperature T of the solar collector i Turn onto S3.

[0056] S3, Determine the water tank temperature T s Is it higher than the water tank's protection temperature T? p If yes, turn to S4; otherwise, turn to S5.

[0057] S4. Stop the circulation pump and switch to S20.

[0058] S5. Determine the water tank temperature T s Is it lower than the auxiliary heating temperature T of the water tank? f If yes, proceed to S6; otherwise, proceed to S7.

[0059] S6, turn on the electric auxiliary heater, then turn to S7.

[0060] S7. Determine whether solar radiation I is lower than the solar radiation boundary value I. b If yes, turn to S15; otherwise, turn to S8.

[0061] S8. Determine the ambient temperature T a Is it below the ambient temperature boundary value T? b If yes, proceed to S10; otherwise, proceed to S9.

[0062] S9, Upper limit temperature difference ΔT for temperature difference controlu and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d Set to two high values ​​and switch to S10.

[0063] S10, Upper limit temperature difference ΔT for temperature difference control u and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d Set to two low values ​​and switch to S11.

[0064] S11. Determine the outlet temperature T of the solar collector. o With the inlet temperature T of the solar collector i The difference (T) o -T i Is the temperature difference ΔT higher than the upper limit of the temperature difference control? u If yes, turn to S12; otherwise, turn to S13.

[0065] S12, start the circulation pump and turn to S20.

[0066] S13. Determine the outlet temperature T of the solar collector. o With the inlet temperature T of the solar collector i The difference (T) o -T i Is the temperature difference below the lower limit ΔT of the temperature difference control? d If yes, proceed to S14; otherwise, proceed to S20.

[0067] S14. Turn off the circulation pump and switch to S20.

[0068] S15. Determine whether solar radiation I is lower than the low solar radiation value I. l If yes, proceed to S4; otherwise, proceed to S16.

[0069] S16. Determine the ambient temperature T a Is it below the ambient temperature boundary value T? b If yes, turn to S18; otherwise, turn to S17.

[0070] S17, The temperature difference ΔT controlled by feedback f Set to high value, then switch to S19.

[0071] S18, The temperature difference ΔT controlled by feedback f Set to a low value and switch to S19.

[0072] S19. Adjust the flow rate of the circulating pump to ensure that the outlet temperature T of the solar collector is [higher / lower / etc.]. o With inlet temperature T i The temperature difference is equal to ΔT f Turn onto S20.

[0073] S20, End.

[0074] Among them, "high value" and "low value" refer to the temperature difference values ​​used to control the circulating pump in temperature difference control and feedback control. "High value" refers to a higher temperature difference value, and "low value" refers to a lower temperature difference value. They can be set according to actual needs.

[0075] Furthermore, the solar radiation boundary value I b Low solar radiation I l Ambient temperature boundary value T b The upper limit of temperature difference control ΔT u and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d Temperature difference ΔT under feedback control f Water tank protection temperature T p Auxiliary heating temperature T of water tank f It can be set according to actual needs. For example: solar radiation boundary value I b Set to 500W, low solar radiation value I l Set to 50W, ambient temperature boundary value T b The upper limit of the temperature difference control is set at 15°C, ΔT. u and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d The high values ​​are set at 8°C and 4°C, and the upper limit of the temperature difference control is ΔT. u and lower limit temperature difference ΔT d The low values ​​are set at 6°C and 2°C, and the temperature difference ΔT is controlled by feedback. f The high value is set at 8°C, and the temperature difference ΔT is controlled by feedback. f The high value is set at 4°C, and the water tank protection temperature T p Set to 80°C, auxiliary heating temperature of water tank T f Set to 40°C.

[0076] In addition, this invention provides a control system for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, including: a data monitoring module for acquiring solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector, and water temperature in the hot water storage tank; a temperature difference control module for adopting a temperature difference control strategy when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets a first correlation condition, by analyzing the coupling relationship between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector and the ambient temperature, matching a corresponding time-varying temperature difference threshold range, and adaptively generating the start-stop logic of the circulating pump; and a feedback control module for adopting a feedback control strategy when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets a second correlation condition, by fusing the predicted ambient temperature gradient value obtained by trend extrapolation with the thermal response hysteresis parameter extracted from the historical data of the collector operation to generate a dynamic compensation coefficient, and differentially correcting the deviation between the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the collector and the target value based on the dynamic compensation coefficient, so as to regulate the flow rate of the circulating pump in a closed loop; wherein, the first correlation condition and the second correlation condition are determined based on the differential influence of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

[0077] Furthermore, this invention provides a control device for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature. This device is applied to a solar water heating system comprising a solar collector, a hot water storage tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchange coil, an electric auxiliary heating device, a booster pump, a three-way valve, and a first, second, and third temperature monitoring device. The solar collector, circulating pump, and heat exchange coil are connected by water pipes to form a heat collection loop, which is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The electric auxiliary heating device and heat exchange coil are located inside the hot water storage tank. The booster pump is connected to the hot water storage tank and the three-way valve via water pipes. The three-way valve is connected to the hot water storage tank, the domestic cold water pipeline, and the water outlet. The first, second, and third temperature monitoring devices are respectively located at the outlet end, inlet end, and inside the hot water storage tank of the solar collector.

[0078] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 6As shown, the solar water heating system includes: a solar collector 1, a hot water storage tank 2, a circulating pump 3 (optionally a variable flow pump), a heat exchange coil 4, an electric auxiliary heating device 5, a booster pump 6, a three-way valve 7, a water terminal 8, a first temperature monitoring device 9.1, a second temperature monitoring device 9.2, and a third temperature monitoring device 9.3. Solar collector 1, circulating pump 3, and heat exchange coil 4 are connected via water pipes to form a heat collection loop. Heat exchange coil 4 and electric auxiliary heating device 5 are located inside hot water storage tank 2. The heat collection loop is filled with a heat-conducting medium. Solar collector 1 absorbs solar energy, converts it into heat energy, and then transports it to heat exchange coil 4, which in turn heats the water in hot water storage tank 2. Electric auxiliary heating device 5 supplements the heat in hot water storage tank 2; when solar energy is insufficient, it can heat the tank. Booster pump 6 supplies domestic hot water to hot water storage tank 2 and three-way valve 7. Three-way valve 7 is also connected to hot water storage tank 2 via water pipes. Users can adjust the temperature of water terminal 8 by adjusting three-way valve 7 according to the water temperature at the terminal. A first temperature monitoring device 9.1 monitors the outlet temperature To of solar collector 1, and a second temperature monitoring device 9.2 monitors the inlet temperature T of solar collector 1. i The third temperature monitoring device 9.3 can monitor the internal water temperature T of the hot water storage tank 2. s .

[0079] The control device includes: at least one processor, which is communicatively connected to a first temperature monitoring device, a second temperature monitoring device, and a third temperature monitoring device; a circulating pump control module, which is communicatively connected to the processor, for driving the circulation of the heat transfer medium in the heat collection circuit; an electric auxiliary heating control module, which is communicatively connected to the processor, for adjusting the electric auxiliary heating device according to the water temperature of the hot water storage tank; a booster pump control module, which is communicatively connected to the processor, for coordinating and regulating the pressure of the hot water storage tank and the water terminal; a three-way valve adjustment module, which is communicatively connected to the processor, for adjusting the opening of the three-way valve in real time based on the water temperature feedback signal from the water terminal, and dynamically balancing the mixing ratio of the hot water storage tank outlet water and the domestic cold water; and a memory, which is communicatively connected to the processor, storing executable instructions, which are executed by at least one processor to enable at least one processor to execute the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as described above.

[0080] Meanwhile, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as described above.

[0081] In summary, this invention provides a control method, system, device, and medium for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature. It constructs a dynamic control system by acquiring real-time data on solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, the temperature difference between the collector inlet and outlet, and the water temperature in the storage tank. Specifically, when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets preset correlation conditions, the system intelligently selects either temperature difference control or feedback control strategies: when solar radiation is strong, if the ambient temperature is high, a temperature difference control mode is adopted and a low start / stop temperature difference threshold is set; if the ambient temperature is low, a high start / stop temperature difference threshold is set. When solar radiation is weak, if the ambient temperature is high, a feedback control mode is adopted and closed-loop adjustment is performed with a low target temperature difference value; if the ambient temperature is low, deviation correction is implemented with a high target temperature difference value. When solar radiation is extremely low, the system automatically enters a shutdown protection state.

[0082] Based on this, the system generates a dynamic compensation coefficient by integrating the predicted ambient temperature gradient with the thermal response hysteresis parameter, and uses a differential correction mechanism to finely adjust the circulation pump flow rate. This method innovatively establishes a dual-parameter collaborative decision-making mechanism: during periods of strong radiation, it improves heat collection efficiency through a dynamic temperature difference threshold; during periods of weak radiation, it optimizes heat capture capability through closed-loop feedback. Compared to traditional single-mode control systems, this invention achieves intelligent switching between five operating states through cross-judgment of ambient temperature and solar radiation intensity, adapting to long-term environmental fluctuations such as day-night cycles and seasonal changes, while effectively coping with the thermal inertia effects caused by short-term weather changes.

[0083] This results in three technological advantages: First, a differentiated control strategy is built based on the dynamic thermal response characteristics of the collector, enabling the system to maintain optimal operating conditions under various circumstances, including sunny, cloudy, and rainy days. Second, the deep coupling of ambient temperature gradient prediction and historical data trend analysis significantly improves control accuracy during periods of weak radiation. Third, the innovative shutdown protection mechanism avoids both ineffective energy consumption and equipment damage under extreme conditions. This invention achieves fully automated decision-making through an embedded controller, improving energy utilization while reducing the need for manual intervention, providing an innovative solution for the efficient and stable operation of solar water heating systems.

[0084] Since the systems / devices described in the above embodiments of the present invention are systems / devices used to implement the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand the specific structure and modifications of the systems / devices based on the methods described in the above embodiments of the present invention, and therefore will not be repeated here. All systems / devices used in the methods of the above embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0086] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions.

[0087] It should be noted that any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In claims that enumerate several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same hardware. The use of the terms first, second, third, etc., is merely for convenience of expression and does not indicate any order. These terms can be understood as part of the component names.

[0088] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0089] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted to include both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then this invention should also include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A control method for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, collector inlet and outlet temperature difference, and water temperature of the heat storage tank; when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets a first correlation condition, adopting a temperature difference control strategy, matching corresponding temperature difference threshold intervals with time-varying characteristics by analyzing the coupling relationship between the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference and the ambient temperature, and adaptively generating a circulating pump start-stop logic; when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets a second correlation condition, adopting a feedback control strategy, generating a dynamic compensation coefficient by fusing the ambient temperature gradient prediction value obtained by trend extrapolation and the thermal response lag parameter extracted from the collector operation history data, and differentially correcting the deviation between the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference and the target value based on the dynamic compensation coefficient to close-loop adjust the circulating pump flow; wherein the first correlation condition and the second correlation condition are determined based on the differential influence of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

2. The solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein, When the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets the first correlation condition, adopting a temperature difference control strategy, matching corresponding temperature difference threshold intervals with time-varying characteristics by analyzing the coupling relationship between the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference and the ambient temperature, and adaptively generating a circulating pump start-stop logic includes: when the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, dynamically configuring a first start temperature difference threshold and a first stop temperature difference threshold for the current temperature difference control strategy; when the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value, dynamically configuring a second start temperature difference threshold and a second stop temperature difference threshold for the current temperature difference control strategy, wherein the second start temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first start temperature difference threshold, and the second stop temperature difference threshold is always greater than the first stop temperature difference threshold; under the current scene condition, comparing the obtained collector inlet and outlet temperature difference with the determined value of the first start temperature difference threshold or the second start temperature difference threshold, if the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is higher than the determined value of the first start temperature difference threshold or the second start temperature difference threshold, the circulating pump is started; if the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is not higher than the determined value of the first start temperature difference threshold or the second start temperature difference threshold, the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is compared with the determined value of the first stop temperature difference threshold or the second stop temperature difference threshold; if the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is lower than the determined value of the first stop temperature difference threshold or the second stop temperature difference threshold, the circulating pump is stopped; if the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is between the start temperature difference threshold and the stop temperature difference threshold corresponding to the current scene, the circulating pump operating power is selectively maintained or gradually adjusted based on the sign direction of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference change rate.

3. The solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic configuration of the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: the descending rate of the ambient temperature in a preset time period is obtained, and the corresponding first start-up temperature difference reference value and the first stop temperature difference reference value are matched from a predefined first mapping table according to the gradient interval in which the descending rate is located; the cumulative change amount of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference in a continuous time window is obtained, and if the cumulative change amount exceeds a preset compensation boundary value, a positive step increment is applied to the first start-up temperature difference reference value, and a negative step decrement is applied to the first stop temperature difference reference value, to obtain the first start-up temperature difference threshold and the first stop temperature difference threshold; The dynamic configuration of the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold is performed according to the following rules: the cumulative change amount of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference in a continuous time window is obtained, and the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value are selected from a predefined second mapping table according to the thermal inertia level interval in which the cumulative change amount is located; the real-time ambient temperature descending rate is compared with a preset rate warning value, and if the descending rate continuously exceeds the warning value for a preset time length, a synchronous decrement operation is performed on the second start-up temperature difference reference value and the second stop temperature difference reference value, with a preset step size and a maximum of N decrement operations per natural day, wherein N is a preset positive integer; when the maximum decrement number N per natural day is reached or the ambient temperature descending rate falls below the rate warning value, the decrement operation is stopped, to obtain the second start-up temperature difference threshold and the second stop temperature difference threshold.

4. The solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as claimed in claim 2, wherein, If the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is between the start-up temperature difference threshold and the stop temperature difference threshold corresponding to the current scene, the selective maintenance or gradual adjustment of the circulating pump operating power based on the sign direction of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference change rate includes: The instantaneous change rate of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference is calculated in real time, and the sign direction is extracted; When it is detected that the sign direction of the change rate is positive, a stepwise incremental adjustment of the circulating pump power is triggered, wherein the incremental increase amplitude of the circulating pump power is dynamically inversely proportional to the negative offset of the current ambient temperature change slope obtained in real time, and a preset power lock protection period is triggered after each power increase operation, and if the negative offset of the ambient temperature change slope is below a preset offset threshold, the current circulating pump power is maintained unchanged; When it is detected that the sign direction of the change rate is negative, a delayed attenuation of the circulating pump power is triggered, and if the absolute value of the negative change rate exceeds a preset dynamic threshold, the circulating pump power is once reduced to a preset basic operating mode, and if the absolute value of the negative change rate does not exceed the preset dynamic threshold, the circulating pump power is gradually decreased according to a preset attenuation gradient after the consistency of the temperature difference change trend is detected in N continuous time windows.

5. The solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein, When the combination of the solar radiation intensity and the ambient temperature satisfies the second correlation condition, a feedback control strategy is adopted, a dynamic compensation coefficient is generated by fusing the ambient temperature gradient prediction value obtained by trend extrapolation and the thermal response lag parameter extracted from the collector operation history data, and the deviation between the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference and the target value is differentially corrected based on the dynamic compensation coefficient to close-loop adjust the circulating pump flow includes: dynamically configuring a first target temperature difference value for the current feedback control strategy when the solar radiation intensity is lower than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is not lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value; dynamically configuring a second target temperature difference value for the current feedback control strategy when the solar radiation intensity is higher than the preset solar radiation boundary value and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset ambient temperature boundary value; generating an ambient temperature gradient prediction value by collecting ambient temperature time series data of the current and previous N minutes, and using a trend extrapolation algorithm; synchronously extracting a thermal response lag parameter in a collector historical operation database, the thermal response lag parameter including a change delay time of a collector inlet and outlet temperature difference under different solar radiation conditions and a corresponding circulating pump power regulation correlation degree weight; inputting the ambient temperature gradient prediction vector and the thermal response lag parameter into a feature fusion model to output a compensation coefficient; real-time monitoring of an instantaneous deviation amount of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference from the first target temperature difference value or the second target temperature difference value, inputting the deviation amount into a differential controller with the compensation coefficient correction to generate a regulation instruction sequence, and driving the circulating pump to perform flow closed loop regulation according to the regulation instruction sequence.

6. The solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The operation rules of the feature fusion model include: when the predicted temperature gradient direction is the same as the thermal inertia direction represented based on the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference historical data, determining a basic regulation amount according to a ratio of the circulating pump power regulation correlation degree weight corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time, and superimposing a direction strengthening amount including a normalized product value of the ambient temperature gradient prediction vector module value and the thermal inertia direction intensity to obtain the compensation coefficient; wherein the thermal inertia direction intensity is represented based on a ratio of a temperature difference historical data standard deviation to the temperature difference change delay time; when the predicted temperature gradient direction is opposite to the thermal inertia direction represented based on the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference historical data, recalibrating the compensation coefficient according to a ratio of the circulating pump power regulation correlation degree weight corresponding to the current solar radiation intensity to the temperature difference change delay time.

7. A method of controlling a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, In the execution process of the temperature difference control strategy or the feedback control strategy, the following thermal safety protection strategy is synchronously implemented: real-time monitoring of the water temperature of the heat storage water tank and comparison with the preset upper and lower safety operation temperature thresholds; generating a circulating pump forced shutdown instruction with a higher priority than the temperature difference control strategy or the feedback control strategy when it is detected that the water temperature of the heat storage water tank exceeds the upper safety operation temperature threshold; generating an electric auxiliary heating device startup instruction when it is detected that the water temperature of the heat storage water tank is lower than the lower safety operation temperature threshold and the solar radiation intensity is lower than a heat supplement startup threshold; wherein the heat supplement startup threshold is determined according to historical solar radiation data and an electric auxiliary heating device response time.

8. A solar water heating system control system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, characterized by, It includes: a data monitoring module for obtaining solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, collector inlet and outlet temperature difference, and heat storage water tank water temperature; a temperature difference control module for using a temperature difference control strategy when the combination of solar radiation intensity and ambient temperature meets the first correlation condition, analyzing the coupling relationship between the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference and the ambient temperature, matching the corresponding temperature difference threshold interval with time-varying characteristics, and adaptively generating a circulating pump start-stop logic; The feedback control module is configured to adopt a feedback control strategy when the combination of the solar radiation intensity and the ambient temperature satisfies a second correlation condition, generate a dynamic compensation coefficient by fusing an ambient temperature gradient prediction value obtained by trend extrapolation and a thermal response lag parameter extracted from the collector operation history data, and differentially correct the deviation of the collector inlet and outlet temperature difference from a target value based on the dynamic compensation coefficient to close-loop adjust the circulating pump flow rate. The first correlation condition and the second correlation condition are determined based on the differential effects of the solar radiation intensity and the ambient temperature on the dynamic thermal response of the collector.

9. A control device for a solar water heating system based on solar radiation and ambient temperature, characterized by, The application is applied to a solar water heating system comprising a solar collector, a heat storage water tank, a circulating pump, a heat exchange coil, an electric auxiliary heating device, a booster pump, a three-way valve, and first, second, and third temperature monitoring devices. The solar collector, the circulating pump, and the heat exchange coil are connected by water pipes to form a heat collection loop, which is filled with a heat-conducting medium. The electric auxiliary heating device and the heat exchange coil are arranged inside the heat storage water tank. The booster pump is connected to the heat storage water tank and the three-way valve by water pipes. The three-way valve is connected to the heat storage water tank, a domestic cold water pipeline, and a water end. The first, second, and third temperature monitoring devices are arranged at the outlet end, the inlet end of the solar collector, and inside the heat storage water tank, respectively. The control device comprises: at least one processor in communication with the first, second, and third temperature monitoring devices; a circulating pump control module in communication with the processor, configured to drive the circulation of the heat-conducting medium in the heat collection loop; an electric auxiliary heating control module in communication with the processor, configured to adjust the electric auxiliary heating device according to the water temperature of the heat storage water tank; a booster pump control module in communication with the processor, configured to link and control the pressures of the heat storage water tank and the water end; a three-way valve adjustment module in communication with the processor, configured to adjust the opening of the three-way valve based on the water temperature feedback signal of the water end to dynamically balance the mixing ratio of the heat storage water tank outlet water and the domestic cold water; a memory in communication with the processor, storing executable instructions that are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer- executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions comprising instructions for: receiving a request for a resource; determining whether the request is for a resource that is subject to a policy; and if the request is for a resource that is subject to a policy, then determining whether the request is from a client that is subject to the policy. The executable instructions are executed by the processor to implement the solar water heating system control method based on solar radiation and ambient temperature according to any one of claims 1-7.

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