Surgical stapler with illumination

Abstract

A surgical instrument for treating a tubular organ includes a shaft assembly, a stapling assembly, a trocar, and one or more light sources. The stapling assembly is disposed at the distal end portion of the shaft assembly and includes a circumferential sidewall having a distal edge to define a stapling line. The trocar is operably movable relative to the stapling assembly along an axis of the stapling assembly between an extended position and a retracted position. The one or more light sources are used to emit light transmissible through the wall of the tubular organ. Thus, by detecting light transmitted through the wall of the tubular organ, a user of the surgical instrument can position the trocar, the distal edge of the stapling assembly, or both in the tubular organ.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 491,991, filed March 24, 2023. The disclosure of that application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to illuminated surgical staplers, and more particularly to illuminated circular and / or end-to-end anastomotic surgical staplers for treating tubular organs. Background Technology

[0003] Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a life-threatening postoperative complication following colorectal surgery, and its incidence has not decreased significantly over the past 50 years despite advances in anastomotic techniques and perioperative care.

[0004] As evidenced by the high leakage rates in colorectal anastomosis procedures, currently available circular staplers are not sufficiently easy to position. Anastomotic leakage is reported to be the most serious complication, occurring in 2.5–36% of surgical cases. These complications are associated with increased length of stay (LOS), higher reoperation rates, and increased morbidity and mortality. The economic burden of these complications is significant due to increased LOS and readmissions.

[0005] Therefore, there is still a need for improved devices and methods that enable the device to be positioned within anatomical structures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure addresses these and other needs in the art by providing circular and / or end-to-end anastomosis surgical instruments that use light (e.g., white light and / or near-infrared light) to better visualize the location of the intended anastomosis line and cannula within a tubular organ (e.g., rectum) prior to staple deployment.

[0007] In various embodiments, this disclosure provides a surgical instrument for treating a patient's tubular organ. The surgical instrument of this disclosure includes a shaft assembly, a stapling assembly, a cannula, and one or more light sources. The shaft assembly has a distal end portion and a proximal end portion. The stapling assembly is disposed at the distal end portion of the shaft assembly and includes a circumferential sidewall having a distal edge to define a stapling line. The cannula is disposed at the distal end portion of the shaft assembly and is operatively movable relative to the stapling assembly along the axis of the stapling assembly between an extended position and a retracted position. When the cannula is in the extended position, the distal end portion of the cannula is distally exposed relative to the distal edge of the stapling assembly. When the cannula is in the retracted position, the distal end portion of the cannula is proximally concealed relative to the distal edge of the stapling assembly. One or more light sources are positioned at the cannula, stapling assembly, or both to emit light capable of penetrating through the wall of the patient's tubular organ, thereby allowing the user of the surgical instrument to position the distal edge of the cannula, stapling assembly, or both within the patient's tubular organ by detecting the light penetrating through the wall of the tubular organ.

[0008] In some embodiments, the tubular organ is the patient's rectum or colon.

[0009] In some embodiments, one or more light sources include at least one optical fiber, at least one LED, a polymer containing near-infrared fluorescent material, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more light sources emits light in the near-infrared range. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more light sources is operable to flash, change color, change intensity, or any combination thereof.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least one of one or more light sources is operable to emit light within any of a plurality of wavelength ranges. In some such embodiments, the plurality of wavelength ranges includes a first wavelength range and a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range. In some such embodiments, the first wavelength range is in the white light range, and the second wavelength range is in the near-infrared light range.

[0011] In some embodiments, light transmitted through the walls of the patient's tubular organ is detected by a camera positioned outside the patient's tubular organ. In some such embodiments, the light detected by the camera is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the cannula, the distal edge of the stapled assembly, or both within the patient's tubular organ.

[0012] In some embodiments, one or more light sources include a plurality of light sources, wherein the light sources among the plurality of light sources are spaced apart at a known interval to serve as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly further includes an inner base located proximally away from the distal edge and a recess formed by the inner base and the circumferential sidewalls. In some such embodiments, one or more light sources include at least one first light source, at least one second light source, at least one third light source, at least one fourth light source, at least one fifth light source, or any combination thereof. At least one first light source is disposed at the distal end portion of the cannula. At least one second light source is disposed at the proximal base portion of the cannula. At least one third light source is disposed on the inner base of the fastening assembly. At least one fourth light source is disposed on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly. At least one fifth light source is disposed on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least one first light source is different from at least one second light source, at least one third light source, at least one fourth light source, and / or at least one fifth light source. In some embodiments, at least one first light source includes a first light source disposed at the very end of the cannula. In some embodiments, at least one first light source, at least one second light source, or both are disposed inside the cannula.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least one third light source comprises a plurality of third light sources circumferentially disposed on an inner base of the fastening assembly about an axis of the fastening assembly. In some such embodiments, each of the plurality of third light sources extends radially relative to the axis of the fastening assembly. Alternatively, in some embodiments, at least one third light source is constituted by a single third light source. In some such embodiments, the single third light source is a loop surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, at least one fourth light source comprises a plurality of fourth light sources circumferentially disposed on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly about an axis of the fastening assembly. In some such embodiments, each of the plurality of fourth light sources extends along the axis of the fastening assembly. Alternatively, in some embodiments, at least one fourth light source constitutes a single fourth lamp. In some such embodiments, the single fourth light source is a loop surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments, at least one fifth light source comprises a plurality of fifth light sources circumferentially disposed on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly about an axis of the fastening assembly. In some such embodiments, each of the plurality of fifth light sources extends along the axis of the fastening assembly. Alternatively, in some embodiments, at least one fifth light source constitutes a single fifth lamp. In some such embodiments, the single fifth light source is a loop surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cannula is made of a material that is transparent and / or translucent to light emitted from at least one first light source, at least one second light source, or both. In some such embodiments, the material is a medical-grade plastic. In some embodiments, the medical-grade plastic includes acrylic acid (PMMA), transparent sulfone polymers, polymethyl methacrylate, PVC, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, styrene-methyl methacrylate, or ion-crosslinked polymer resins.

[0019] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument further includes an anvil that is removably attached to the cannula. In some such embodiments, when the anvil is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of one or more light sources changes color, changes intensity, flashes, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, one or more light sources include a light source at the distal end of the cannula. In some such embodiments, the light source at the distal end of the cannula is completely concealed by fully attaching the anvil to the cannula.

[0020] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument further includes sensors and / or switches configured to detect attachment of the anvil to the cannula.

[0021] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument further includes a handle assembly. The handle assembly is disposed at a proximal end portion of the shaft assembly for operating a stapling assembly, a cannula, one or more light sources, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the handle assembly includes a battery to provide power to one or more light sources, assist in the operation of the stapling assembly, assist in the operation of the cannula, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the handle assembly is electrically connected to a power outlet to provide power to one or more light sources, assist in the operation of the stapling assembly, assist in the operation of the cannula, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the handle assembly includes a rotatable knob connected to the cannula for extending and / or retracting the cannula.

[0022] In some embodiments, the operation of the fastening assembly, cannula, one or more light sources, or any combination thereof is powered and / or automatic. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the operation of the fastening assembly, cannula, one or more light sources, or any combination thereof is manual via the shank assembly.

[0023] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly, the cannula, and one or more light sources collectively form the fastener head. In some such embodiments, the fastener head is removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, and is disposable, or both.

[0024] In various embodiments, this disclosure provides a method for treating a patient's tubular organ. The method of this disclosure includes: (A) inserting a stapler head of a surgical instrument into a first segment of the tubular organ. The stapler head of the surgical instrument includes a stapler assembly, a cannula, and one or more light sources. The stapler assembly has a distal edge to define a stapler line. The cannula is operatively movable relative to the stapler assembly along an axis of the stapler assembly. One or more light sources are disposed at the cannula and / or the stapler assembly to emit light capable of penetrating through the wall of the tubular organ.

[0025] The method further includes: (B) detecting light transmitted through the wall of the tubular organ to position the distal edge of the cannula, the stapler assembly, or both within a first segment of the tubular organ; (C) determining, based on detection (B), whether the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at a desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ; and (D) moving the stapler head of the surgical instrument based on determination (C) until the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at the desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ. In some embodiments, detection (B) includes: (i) visualization by the user of the surgical instrument, (ii) detection by a laparoscopic camera and / or a robotic camera, or both. In some embodiments, the camera may operate in white light mode, near-infrared mode, or both. In some embodiments, the light detected in detection (B) is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the distal edge of the cannula, the stapler assembly, or both within the patient's tubular organ.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further includes: (E) extending the cannula to puncture a desired segment of a first segment of the tubular organ. In some such embodiments, extension (E) is achieved by rotating a knob at the handle assembly of the surgical instrument in a first direction.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method further includes: (F) inserting an anvil into a second segment of the tubular organ. The anvil includes a connecting portion projecting proximally from a desired segment of the second segment of the tubular organ. Insertion (F) may be performed before, simultaneously with, or after insertion (A).

[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes: (G) using light emitted at least partially from one or more light sources to assist in attaching the connecting portion of the anvil to the cannula. In some such embodiments, when the connecting portion of the anvil is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of the one or more light sources changes color, changes intensity, flashes, or any combination thereof.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method further includes: (H) pulling the anvil proximally toward the stapler head such that desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ are adjacent to each other. In some such embodiments, traction (H) is achieved by rotating a knob in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method further includes: (I) fastening desired segments of a first segment and a second segment of a tubular organ together using staples of the stapler assembly; (J) cutting through the desired segments of the first segment and the second segment of the tubular organ with adjacent staples; and (K) removing the stapler head and anvil of a surgical instrument from the tubular organ.

[0031] The apparatus and methods of this disclosure have other features and advantages, which will become apparent from or are set forth in more detail in the accompanying drawings incorporated herein and in the following detailed description (which together illustrate certain principles of exemplary embodiments of this disclosure). Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the detailed description, explain the principles and implementation of the exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. Specific design features of the invention disclosed herein (e.g., including specific dimensions, orientations, positions, and shapes) will be determined in part by the intended application and environment of use. Furthermore, the components shown in the figures can be combined in any useful number and combination.

[0033] In the diagram: Figure 1A This is a schematic perspective view illustrating exemplary surgical instruments according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 1B This illustrates some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 1A A schematic diagram illustrating exemplary use of surgical instruments; Figure 2A This is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary stapler head showing some exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the extended position; Figure 2B This illustrates some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 2A A schematic perspective view of an exemplary stapler head, with the cannula in the retracted position; Figure 3A This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to an alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the extended position; Figure 3BThis is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve needle is in the extended position; Figure 3C This is a schematic front view illustrating an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3D This is a schematic front view illustrating an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3E This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the retracted position; Figure 3F This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the retracted position; Figure 3G This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the retracted position; Figure 3H This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head according to another alternative exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the sleeve is in the retracted position; Figure 4A This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head and anvil detached from each other, according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 4B This is a schematic perspective view showing an exemplary stapler head and anvil engaging with each other according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 5A and 5B These are flowcharts that collectively illustrate some exemplary embodiments of a method according to this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic perspective view illustrating exemplary surgical instruments according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 7 This is a schematic perspective view illustrating exemplary surgical instruments according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 8A This is a schematic view illustrating an exemplary lighting device according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 8B and 8C This illustrates some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 8A A schematic view illustrating the use of an exemplary lighting device; Figure 9AThis is a schematic perspective view illustrating an exemplary stapler head according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 9B This illustrates some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 9A A schematic exploded view of an exemplary stapler head; Figure 9C This illustrates some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 9A A schematic perspective view of an exemplary stapler head detached from the anvil; Figure 9D and 9E These are schematic perspective and cross-sectional views illustrating some exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure. Figure 9A The exemplary stapler head engages with the anvil; Figure 9F-9H This is an example illustrating some exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 9A A schematic view of exemplary lighting enhancement produced by an exemplary stapler head; Figures 10A and 10B are schematic views illustrating exemplary lighting enhancements according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; and Figures 11A and 11B are schematic views illustrating exemplary lighting enhancements according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This disclosure provides circular and / or end-to-end anastomosis surgical instruments that use light (e.g., white light and / or near-infrared light) to better visualize the intended stapling line / plane and the location of the cannula within a tubular organ (e.g., rectum) prior to stapling deployment. In various embodiments, this disclosure employs light of one or more wavelength ranges (e.g., white light and / or NIR wavelengths) positioned at the cannula and / or stapling assembly (e.g., around the circular stapling line) to increase the visibility of the stapling head and provide improved visual feedback to the surgeon. This enables the surgeon to correctly position the stapling head of the surgical instrument within the tubular organ and accurately deploy the cannula with the stapling head transrectally. Therefore, this allows for more consistent, reproducible, and standardized procedures to reduce leakage rates in colorectal anastomosis.

[0035] Referring now to the diagram, similar reference numerals indicate similar elements in various places. Figure 1A and 1B The illustration shows an exemplary surgical instrument 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The surgical instrument 100 is configured for treating a patient's tubular organs. Examples of tubular organs include, but are not limited to, the rectum and colon.

[0036] Surgical instrument 100 includes a shaft assembly 110 and a stapler head 120. The shaft assembly 110 has a distal end portion 111 and a proximal end portion 112. The stapler head 120 is disposed at the distal end portion 111 of the shaft assembly 110 and configured to operatively support a circular staple cartridge (e.g., Figure 2A (The circular staple cartridge 210 is shown in the image). To treat a patient's tubular organ 160, the stapler head 120 is inserted into a segment 161 of the tubular organ 160 and then engaged with an anvil 130 placed in another segment 162 of the tubular organ 160. Once the stapler head 120 is engaged with the anvil 130, the stapler head 120 can be operated to fire staples (e.g., ...). Figure 2A The nail 211 shown is used to suture segments 161 and 162 of the tubular organ 160 together.

[0037] In some embodiments, the stapler head 120 or one or more components of the stapler head 120 may be formed together with, permanently attached to, the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, or removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly. The stapler head 120 or one or more components of the stapler head 120 may be disposable or non-disposable.

[0038] refer to Figure 2A and 2B In various embodiments, the stapler head 120 includes a staple assembly 220, a cannula 230, and one or more light sources 240. The staple assembly 220 is configured to operatively support a circular staple cartridge 210. The circular staple cartridge 210 may include one, two, or more rows of circumferentially spaced and / or staggered rows of staples 211. The staple assembly 220 may be formed together with a distal end portion of the shaft assembly, permanently attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, or removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly. In embodiments where the staple assembly 220 is removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, the staple assembly 220 may be disposable or non-disposable.

[0039] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly 220 has a circumferential sidewall 221 with a distal edge 222 that defines a fastening line / plane (e.g., Figure 1A and 1B (See the fastening line / plane 170 shown). In some embodiments, the fastening assembly 220 further includes an inner base 223 located proximally (e.g., proximally relative to the distal edge 222) away from the distal edge 222. The circumferential sidewall 221 and the inner base 223 together form a recess 224, for example, a space within the fastening assembly 220 between the distal edge 222 and the inner base 223.

[0040] The cannula 230 is configured for puncturing tissue of a tubular organ and for engaging with the anvil 130. The cannula 230 is connected to, and supported by, the stapling assembly 220, the shaft assembly 110, or both. In some embodiments, the cannula 230 may be positioned relative to the stapling assembly 220 along the axis 225 of the stapling assembly 220. Figure 2A The extension position shown in the figure is the same as Figure 2B The cannula 230 is operably movable between the retracted positions shown (e.g., operable to move, for example, through the shank assembly 140). In some embodiments, the cannula 230 has a distal end portion 231. When the cannula 230 is in the extended position, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is distally exposed relative to the distal edge 222 of the stapling assembly 220, for example, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is positioned distal to the distal edge 222 of the stapling assembly 220. When the cannula 230 is in the retracted position, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is proximally concealed relative to the distal edge 222 of the stapling assembly 220, for example, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is positioned proximally to the distal edge 222 of the stapling assembly 220. In some embodiments, when the cannula 230 is in the retracted position, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is completely concealed within the stapling assembly 220 and / or the shaft assembly 110, for example, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 is positioned proximal to the internal base 223 of the stapling assembly 220.

[0041] One or more light sources 240 are disposed at the cannula 230, the stapler assembly 220, or both the cannula 230 and the stapler assembly 220 to facilitate visualization and precise positioning of the stapler head 120 within the tubular organ. For example, in some embodiments, one or more light sources 240 are configured to emit light capable of penetrating through the wall of the patient's tubular organ (such as, Figure 1B The wall 163 of the tubular organ 160 is shown in the diagram. This allows the user of the surgical instrument 100 (e.g., a surgeon) to position the stapler head 120 (including the cannula 230, the distal edge 222 of the stapler assembly 220, or both) within the patient's tubular organ 160, for example, by visualizing and / or detecting light transmitted through the wall 163 of the tubular organ 160. Thus, in colorectal surgery requiring anastomosis, the intended stapler line / plane 170 (defined by the distal edge 222 of the stapler assembly 220) and the location of the cannula 230 are visible to the surgeon. Utilizing the direct line of sight to the stapler assembly, the surgeon can correctly and precisely place the stapler assembly within the tubular organ to avoid inaccurate placement that could lead to anastomotic leakage and / or unnecessary additional bowel resection, as well as increased operation time and surgeon stress.

[0042] One or more light sources 240 may be of various types, including but not limited to light-emitting diodes (LEDs), optical fibers, and fluorescently embedded polymers. Individual light sources may be of the same or different types. For example, in one embodiment, each of the one or more light sources 240 is an LED. In another embodiment, each of the one or more light sources 240 is an optical fiber. In yet another embodiment, each of the one or more light sources 240 is made of a fluorescently embedded material, such as a polymer containing near-infrared fluorescent material. In some embodiments, one or more light sources 240 comprise any combination of at least one optical fiber, at least one LED, and / or at least one light source made of a fluorescently embedded material.

[0043] One or more light sources 240, or any individual light source among one or more light sources 240, can be operated to emit light of any desired range. The desired range of light can be wide or narrow. It can be a single continuous range or a combination of multiple ranges. For example, the desired range of light may include a near-infrared range, a visible range (e.g., a white light range), an ultraviolet range, one or more target narrowbands, or any combination thereof. As used herein, the near-infrared range refers to the light range of about 600 nm to about 1300 nm. In some cases, the near-infrared range refers to the light range of about 600 nm to about 1100 nm or about 700 nm to about 1300 nm. The visible range refers to the light range of about 400 nm to about 700 nm. In some cases, the visible range refers to the light range of about 400 nm to about 650 nm. The ultraviolet range refers to the light range of about 10 nm to about 400 nm.

[0044] In some embodiments, one or more light sources 240 may emit light of various peak wavelengths to increase visibility and communication. A light source emitting a peak wavelength different from other light sources may be positioned at the cannula needle to make its appearance easily distinguishable to the user and / or camera. One or more light sources 240 may also be configured to provide dynamic cues, such as flashing at specific intervals and / or changing intensity and / or wavelength, to convey additional information to the user and / or camera.

[0045] In some embodiments, at least one of one or more light sources 240 emits light in the near-infrared range. Near-infrared light has an inherent transmittance that penetrates biological tissue. All biological tissues are complex structures that can absorb light of specific wavelengths. The chemical and physical properties of different molecules in biological tissues affect the amount and wavelength of light that can be absorbed by the tissue. In the visible spectrum, strong light absorption by hemoglobin molecules and light loss due to scattering prevent visible light from penetrating more than a few millimeters of tissue. The entire near-infrared spectrum is defined as light with a wavelength of at most about 2500 nm. In the infrared spectrum above 1300 nm, water present in tissue absorbs a large amount of infrared light, thus limiting the transmission of infrared light through the tissue to a short distance. In the near-infrared range of 700 to 1300 nm, a considerable portion of near-infrared light can penetrate several centimeters of biological tissue. This window of high transmittance is due to the absence of molecules that absorb near-infrared light between 700 nm and 1300 nm. Embodiments of this disclosure utilize the fact that this spectrum of near-infrared energy can penetrate several centimeters of biological tissue and allows for transillumination of organs during surgical procedures.

[0046] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more light sources 240 is operable to emit light within any of a plurality of wavelength ranges (e.g., the visible light range, the near-infrared light range, and / or the ultraviolet light range). In some such embodiments, the plurality of wavelength ranges includes a first wavelength range (e.g., the visible light range) and a second wavelength range (e.g., the near-infrared light range) that is different from the first wavelength range. In some embodiments, the first wavelength range is in the white light range, and the second wavelength range is in the near-infrared light range.

[0047] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more light sources 240 is operable to change its state, for example, by flashing, changing color, changing intensity, etc. For example, in some embodiments, when the anvil 130 is properly aligned with or attached to the cannula 230, at least one of the one or more light sources 240 is operable to change its state, such as by flashing and / or changing color. This instructs the surgeon that the anvil 130 is properly aligned or attached to the cannula 230 and that the anvil 130 and cannula 230 are ready to close. In some embodiments, sensors and / or switches are used to detect the alignment or attachment of the anvil 130 to the cannula 230. Examples of such sensors and / or switches include, but are not limited to, optical sensors, capacitive switches, or mechanical switches (such as membrane switches or spring-loaded dome switches).

[0048] In some embodiments, light transmitted through the wall 163 of the patient's tubular organ 160 is detected by a camera 150 positioned outside the patient's tubular organ 160, such as... Figure 1BAs shown in the figure. Camera 150 may be a component of a laparoscope or endoscope. In some embodiments, light detected by camera 150 is displayed (e.g., on a screen, display, etc.) to provide real-time visualization of the location of the cannula, the distal edge of the stapled assembly, or both in the patient's tubular organs.

[0049] One or more light sources 240 may include any suitable number of light sources and may be positioned at any suitable location. For example, in some embodiments, one or more light sources 240 may include at least one light source (referred to herein as at least one first light source and designated "241") located at the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230, at least one light source (referred to herein as at least a second light source and designated "242") located at the proximal base portion of the cannula 230, at least one light source (referred to herein as at least a third light source and designated "243") located on the inner base 223 of the fastening assembly, at least one fourth light source (referred to herein as at least a fourth light source and designated "244") located on the inner surface 226 of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly, at least one fifth light source (referred to herein as at least a fifth light source and designated "245") located on the outer surface 227 of the circumferential wall of the fastening assembly, or any combination thereof. One or more light sources 240 enhance the visualization of the stapler head (particularly the cannula and circular stapler suture) and enable the surgeon to correctly position the stapler head 120 within a tubular organ (e.g., the rectum) and accurately deploy the cannula 230 of the stapler head 120 transrectally. If the light sources are positioned externally to the stapler head, they can be positioned relative to the outer plane of the stapler head (e.g., the plane corresponding to the distal edge 222) to optimize their visibility to surgical cameras (e.g., cameras positioned outside the operating area).

[0050] As a non-restrictive example, Figure 2A and 2BOne or more light sources 240 are shown, including a plurality of first light sources 241, a single second light source 242, and a plurality of fourth light sources 244. The first light sources 241 are disposed at the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230. The first light sources 241 may be uniformly or non-uniformly spaced along the cannula. In some embodiments, the first light sources 241 are spaced at known intervals along the cannula and can be used as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system. A single second light source 242 is disposed at the proximal base portion of the cannula 230. The fourth light sources 244 are disposed on the inner surface 226 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. The fourth light sources may be uniformly or non-uniformly distributed. In some embodiments, the fourth light sources 244 are circumferentially disposed on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly about an axis 225 of the fastening assembly. In some such embodiments, the fourth light sources 244 are distributed about the axis of the fastening assembly at known angular intervals. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of fourth light sources 244 extends along the axis of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of fourth light sources 244 extends along the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0051] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3A One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a single first light source 241. The single first light source 241 may extend along at least a portion of the cannula 230. The elongated first light source may be an optical fiber and / or made of a fluorescent embedding material. In some embodiments, the elongated light source may extend to a proximal basal portion of the cannula 230 and thus serve as both a first light source and a second light source. In some embodiments, the distal end portion 231 of the cannula 230 or a majority (e.g., at least 50%) of the cannula 230 is made of a fluorescent embedding material and serves as both a first light source and / or a second light source.

[0052] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3B One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a plurality of first light sources 241 and a plurality of second light sources 242. Generally, the plurality of first light sources 241 and the plurality of second light sources 242 are spatially disposed over a large portion (e.g., at least 50%) of the cannula needle 230. The first and second light sources may be distributed uniformly or non-uniformly along the cannula needle. In some embodiments, the first and / or second light sources are distributed along the cannula needle at known intervals and can be used as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system.

[0053] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3COne or more light sources 240 are shown, including a plurality of third light sources 243 circumferentially disposed on an inner base 223 of the fastening assembly surrounding an axis 225. The third light sources 243 may be uniformly or non-uniformly distributed on the inner base 223 of the fastening assembly and may have any suitable shape and size. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of third light sources 243 extends radially relative to the axis 225 of the fastening assembly.

[0054] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3D One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a single third light source 243. The single third light source 243 may have any suitable shape and size, and may or may not surround the axis 225 of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, the single third light source 243 has a ring shape surrounding the axis 225 of the fastening assembly.

[0055] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3E One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a plurality of third light sources 243 and a plurality of fourth light sources 244. The third light sources 243 are circumferentially disposed on the inner base 223 of the fastening assembly 220 about the axis 225 of the fastening assembly, and the fourth light sources 244 are disposed on the inner surface 226 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220.

[0056] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3F One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a single fourth light source 244 disposed on the inner surface 226 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. The single fourth light source 244 may have any suitable shape and size, and may or may not surround the axis 225 of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, the single fourth light source 244 has a ring shape surrounding the axis 225 of the fastening assembly.

[0057] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3G One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a single fourth light source 244 and a plurality of fifth light sources 245. The single fourth light source 244 is disposed on the inner surface 226 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. The fifth light sources 245 are disposed uniformly or non-uniformly on the outer surface 227 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. In some embodiments, the fourth light source 244 is disposed circumferentially around the axis 225 of the fastening assembly on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, the fifth light sources 245 are distributed around the axis 225 of the fastening assembly at known angular intervals and can be used as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of fifth light sources 245 extends along the axis 225 of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, each of the plurality of fifth light sources 245 extends along the axis 225 of the fastening assembly.

[0058] As another non-restrictive example, Figure 3H One or more light sources 240 are shown, including a plurality of third light sources 243 circumferentially disposed on an inner base 223 of the fastening assembly 220 surrounding an axis 225. The one or more light sources 240 also include a plurality of fourth light sources 244 disposed on an inner surface 226 of a circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. The one or more light sources 240 also include a single fifth light source 245 disposed on an outer surface 227 of the circumferential sidewall 221 of the fastening assembly 220. The single fifth light source 245 may have any suitable shape and size and may or may not surround the axis 225 of the fastening assembly. In some embodiments, the single fifth light source 245 has a ring shape surrounding the axis 225 of the fastening assembly.

[0059] The individual fifth light source 245 may be a separate component. In some embodiments, the individual fifth light source 245 may be adapted to be fixed to an existing device having a component similar to the fastening assembly 220, so that the existing device can be visualized and positioned. The individual fifth light source 245 may be a material embedded with one or more light sources that can be connected to a power source. This will allow existing devices (e.g., unlit circular fasteners) to have basic light guide elements.

[0060] although Figures 2A-3H Components with specific shapes are shown, but it should be noted that they are by way of example and the invention is not limited thereto. The stapler head of this disclosure may be configured with additional, optional, and / or alternative components, which may have different shapes and / or sizes and may be arranged in different locations. A first light source, a second light source, a third light source, a fourth light source, a fifth light source, or other additional / optional / alternative light sources may be implemented and operated independently of each other, or combined with each other in any suitable manner. For example, a first light source may be implemented and operated independently of a second, third, fourth, fifth light source, and / or other additional / optional / alternative light source. A first light source may also be implemented and operated in conjunction with a second, third, fourth, fifth light source, and / or other additional / optional / alternative light source. Similarly, a second light source may be implemented and operated independently of or in conjunction with a first, third, fourth, fifth light source, or other additional / optional / alternative light source. A third light source may be implemented and operated independently of or in conjunction with a first, second, fourth, fifth light source, or other additional / optional / alternative light source. The fourth light source may be implemented and operated independently or in conjunction with the first, second, third, fifth, or other additional / optional / alternative light sources.

[0061] Furthermore, each of the at least one first light source, at least one second light source, at least one third light source, at least one fourth light source, and at least one fifth light source may be independently constituted by a single first / second / third / fourth / fifth light source, or may include multiple first / second / third / fourth / fifth light sources. The first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth light sources may have any suitable shape and size, including but not limited to the shapes and sizes shown in the figures. The first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth light sources may emit light within any desired range.

[0062] Furthermore, the light source can be identical to another light source in type, shape, size, color, etc. For example, the same LED can be used for both the first light source and the other light sources. The light source can also differ from another light source in type, shape, size, color, etc. For example, the first light source can be an LED, while the other light sources can be optical fibers and / or fluorescent embedded polymers. Alternatively, the first light source can be an optical fiber or a fluorescent embedded polymer, while the other light sources can be LEDs. The first light source can be an LED of one color, while the other light sources can be LEDs of different colors.

[0063] refer to Figure 4A and 4B In some embodiments, at least one first light source 241 includes a first light source (e.g., first light source 241-1) disposed at the very end of the cannula 230. The first light source at the very end of the cannula 230 is completely concealed by fully attaching the anvil 130 to the cannula 230. Although multiple first light sources 241 are shown, it should be noted that this is by way of example. This disclosure is not limited thereto. At least one first light source 241 may comprise a single first light source, which may be as follows: Figure 3A The image shows an elongated shape, or a non-elongated shape. In embodiments where at least one of the first light sources 241 comprises a single elongated first light source, at least a portion of the single elongated first light source disposed at a very end of the cannula 230 will be completely concealed by the complete attachment of the anvil 130 to the cannula 230.

[0064] Typically, at least one first light source 241, at least one second light source 242, or both are disposed within the cannula 230. In embodiments where at least one first light source 241 is implemented, the cannula 230 is generally made of a material that is transparent or translucent to light emitted by the at least one first light source 241. In embodiments where at least one second light source 242 is implemented, the cannula 230 is generally made of a material that is transparent or translucent to light emitted by the at least one second light source 242. In embodiments where at least one first light source and at least one second light source are implemented, the cannula 230 is generally made of a material that is transparent or translucent to light emitted by both the at least one first light source 241 and the at least one second light source 242. In some embodiments, the cannula 230 is made of medical-grade plastic. Examples of such medical-grade plastics include, but are not limited to, acrylic acid (PMMA), clear sulfone polymers, polymethyl methacrylate, PVC, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, styrene-methyl methacrylate, and ion-crosslinked polymer resins.

[0065] Return to reference Figure 1A In some embodiments, the stapler head 120 may be operatively connected to a shank assembly 140 disposed at the proximal end portion 112 of the shaft assembly 110. In some such embodiments, the stapler head 120 may be operated via the shank assembly 140. For example, in some embodiments, the stapler assembly 220, the cannula 230, one or more light sources 240, or any combination thereof may be operated via the shank assembly 140.

[0066] Operation of the stapler head 120 performed via the shank assembly 140 can be manual, powered, or automatic. For example, in some embodiments, the shank assembly 140 includes a battery to provide power to one or more light sources 240, assist in the operation of the stapler assembly 220, assist in the operation of the cannula 230, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the shank assembly 140 is electrically connected to a power outlet to provide power to one or more light sources 240, assist in the operation of the stapler assembly 220, assist in the operation of the cannula 230, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the shank assembly 140 includes a rotatable knob 141 connected to the cannula 230 for extending or retracting the cannula 230.

[0067] In some embodiments, the shaft assembly 110 is positioned by manipulating the handle assembly 140. In some embodiments, one or more sources 240 include at least one LED light source. In some such embodiments, a battery may be housed within the handle assembly 140 to provide power to the LED light source via wires included in the shaft assembly 110. In some embodiments, one or more sources 240 include at least an optical fiber light source. In some such embodiments, a plug for an external lightbox power source may be attached to the handle assembly to provide power to the optical fiber light source via optical fiber lines included in the shaft assembly 110. In some embodiments, one or more sources 240 include both LEDs and optical fiber light sources. In some such embodiments, a battery may be housed within the handle assembly 140, and / or a plug may be attached to the handle assembly 140 to provide power to both the LEDs and optical fiber light sources.

[0068] refer to Figure 5A and 5B The diagram illustrates an exemplary method 500 for treating a patient's tubular organs according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the flowchart, preferred portions of the method are shown in solid boxes, while additional, optional, and / or alternative portions of the method are shown in dashed boxes. It should be noted that the processes disclosed herein and illustrated in the flowchart may, but not necessarily, be performed in all or in the order they are presented.

[0069] Referring to reference frame 502, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (A) inserting the stapler head of a surgical instrument into a first segment of a tubular organ. For example, in some embodiments, method 500 uses the surgical instrument 100 of this disclosure to treat a patient's tubular organ 160. Method 500 includes inserting the stapler head 120 of the surgical instrument 100 into a first segment 161 of the tubular organ 160, such as... Figure 1B As shown in the diagram, the stapler head 120 of the surgical instrument 100 includes a stapler assembly 220, a cannula 230, and one or more light sources 240. The stapler assembly 220 has a distal edge 222 to define a stapler line / plane 170. The cannula 230 is operatively movable relative to the stapler assembly 220 along an axis 225 of the stapler assembly 220. One or more light sources 240 are disposed at the cannula 230 and / or the stapler assembly 220 to emit light capable of penetrating through the wall 163 of the tubular organ 160.

[0070] Referring to reference box 504, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (B) detecting light transmitted through the wall of the tubular organ to position a cannula, a distal edge of a stapler assembly, or both, within a first segment of the tubular organ. Detection (B) may include visualization by a user (e.g., a surgeon) of the surgical instrument 100, detection by a camera 150, or both. Camera 150 may be a laparoscopic camera, an endoscopic camera, and / or a robotic camera. Camera 150 may be operable in a single mode or selectively operable in one of multiple modes. For example, in some embodiments, camera 150 may be operable in white light mode, near-infrared mode, or both. In some embodiments, the light detected in detection (B) (e.g., on a screen, display, etc.) is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the cannula, the distal edge of the stapler assembly, or both, within the patient's tubular organ.

[0071] Referring to frames 506 and 508, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (C) determining, based on detection (B), whether the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at a desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ. In some embodiments, method 500 includes: (D) moving the stapler head of a surgical instrument based on the determination (C) until the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at the desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ.

[0072] Reference frame 510, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (E) extending the cannula to puncture a desired segment of a first segment of a tubular organ. In some embodiments, extension (E) is achieved by rotating a knob 141 at the handle assembly 140 of the surgical instrument 100 in a first direction (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise).

[0073] Referring to reference box 512, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (F) inserting an anvil into a second segment of the tubular organ. For example, in some embodiments, method 500 includes inserting the anvil 130 of this disclosure into a second segment 162 of the tubular organ, such as... Figure 1B As shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the anvil 130 includes a connecting portion 131 that can project proximally from a desired segment of the second segment of the tubular organ. Insertion (F) can be performed before, simultaneously with, or after insertion (A).

[0074] Referring to reference block 512, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (G) assisting in attaching the anvil connection portion to the cannula by light emitted at least partially from one or more light sources. In some embodiments, when the anvil connection portion 131 is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of the one or more light sources changes its state. In some such embodiments, the at least one light source changes its state by changing its color, changing its intensity, flashing, or any combination thereof. This instructs the surgeon that the anvil 130 is properly aligned or attached to the cannula 230, and that the anvil 130 and the cannula 230 are ready to close. In some embodiments, whether the anvil connection portion 131 is properly attached to the cannula is detected by a sensor or switch.

[0075] Referring to reference frame 514, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (H) pulling the anvil proximally toward the stapler head 120 such that desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ are adjacent to each other. In some embodiments, traction (H) is achieved by rotating knob 141 in a second direction opposite to the first direction. In some embodiments, traction (H) depends on the tissue thickness of the tubular organ.

[0076] Referring to reference box 516, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (I) fastening desired segments of a first segment and a second segment of a tubular organ together using a staple of a stapler assembly. For example, in some embodiments, the method includes using a handle assembly 140 to fire a staple 211 within a stapler assembly 220 to fasten a first desired segment of a first segment 161 and a second segment 162 of a tubular organ 160.

[0077] Referring to frames 518 and 520, in some embodiments, method 500 includes: (J) cutting adjacent staples through desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ, and (K) removing the stapler head and anvil of a surgical instrument from the tubular organ. In some embodiments, care is taken to ensure that the desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ are properly stapled together before cutting (J) and removing (K).

[0078] Figure 6 Exemplary surgical instruments 600 according to some embodiments of the present invention are shown. Surgical instrument 600 is similar to surgical instrument 100 disclosed herein. For example, in some embodiments, surgical instrument 600 includes a shaft assembly 110 having a distal end portion 111 and a proximal end portion 112. In some embodiments, surgical instrument 600 further includes a stapler head 120 disposed at the distal end portion 111 of shaft assembly 110 and configured to engage an anvil 130. In some embodiments, stapler head 120 is operatively connected to a shank assembly 140 disposed at the proximal end portion 112 of shaft assembly 110.

[0079] In some embodiments, the surgical instrument 600 includes one or more optical components 610 for transmitting light from the shank assembly 140 through the shaft assembly 110 to the stapler head 120 to illuminate the cannula 230 and / or the operating site. The optical component 610 may be an optical fiber, fiber optic cable, light tube, etc. The optical fiber may be made of glass or plastic and is typically flexible. The fiber optic cable may contain a varying number of glass fibers, from a few to several hundred. The light tube may be made of metal or plastic and may be rigid (e.g., a solid transparent plastic rod) or flexible (e.g., similar to an optical fiber). The light tube may also be referred to as a beam mandrel, light guide, beam diffuser, or light funnel.

[0080] In exemplary embodiments, a single optical component (e.g., a single optical fiber or a single light tube) is used to transmit light. In some embodiments, multiple optical components are used to transmit light. In such embodiments, the multiple optical components may be bundled together or separated from each other. In some embodiments, the distal end of the optical component 610 may be arranged to generate a desired light pattern delivered around the stapler head 120 and / or the cannula needle 230. Non-limiting examples of the desired pattern include, but are not limited to, circles, crosshairs, etc. In some embodiments, the distal end of the optical component 610 may be arranged on the inner base 223 of the stapler assembly 220 to generate a pattern similar to... Figure 3C and 3D The light patterns of those light sources 240 (243) are shown in the figure. However, the invention is not limited thereto. The distal end of the optical component 610 may be arranged in other locations and / or to produce other desired light patterns.

[0081] The optical component 610 may be connected to an internal light source 620 powered by an internal power source 630, which may be housed in and removable from the handle assembly 140. The internal power source 630 may include a rechargeable battery or a rechargeable battery pack.

[0082] The optical component 610 may extend longitudinally along at least a portion of the length of the shaft assembly 110. The optical component 610 may be held by an optical connector, clip, ferrule, sleeve, fiber optic assembly, etc. Alternatively or additionally, the optical component 610 may be guided through channels in existing components (such as components for advancing and retracting the sleeve pin 230) of the shaft assembly 110 and / or the stapler head 120.

[0083] Figure 7An exemplary surgical instrument 700 according to some embodiments of the present invention is illustrated. Except that the optical component 610 (e.g., an optical fiber or light tube) in the exemplary surgical instrument 700 is connected to an external light source 720 (e.g., not housed in the handle assembly 140), the surgical instrument 700 is substantially the same as the surgical instrument 600 disclosed herein. Cables or wires 710, etc., may be used to connect the optical component 610 in the exemplary surgical instrument 700 to the external light source 720. In some embodiments, the external light source 720 is powered by an external power source 730, which may include a rechargeable battery, a rechargeable battery pack, and / or a utility power source.

[0084] Figure 8A An exemplary lighting device 800 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. The lighting device 800 includes a ring 810 configured to fit around a surgical instrument. Although Figure 8B and 8C A ring 810 is shown around the stapler head 120 adapted to the surgical instruments disclosed herein, but it should be noted that this is by way of example and is not limiting. The ring 810 of the illumination device may be configured to adapt to the surgical instruments disclosed herein and / or any other commercially available surgical instruments (e.g., commercially available staplers).

[0085] In some embodiments, the ring 810 is flexible (e.g., deformable, stretchable, bendable, etc.). In some embodiments, the ring 810 is made of a biocompatible, flexible, and durable material. Non-limiting examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, silicone resins, thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), and polyurethanes. In some embodiments, the ring 810 is configured to fit around the stapler head of a surgical instrument (which may be a surgical instrument disclosed herein and / or other commercially available surgical instruments) having an outer diameter in the range of about 16 mm to about 34 mm. In an exemplary embodiment, the ring 810 is configured to fit around a stapler head having an outer diameter in the range of about 15 mm to about 25 mm, about 20 mm to about 30 mm, or about 25 mm to about 35 mm.

[0086] The lighting device 800 also includes one or more light sources, such as light source 240 (245), embedded in the ring 810. In an exemplary embodiment, the lighting device 800 includes a single light source (e.g., a single LED). In some embodiments, the lighting device 800 includes a plurality of light sources distributed along the ring 810 to improve and / or maximize visibility. The light sources may be uniformly or non-uniformly distributed around the ring 810. In some embodiments, the lighting device 800 includes at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, or at least 10 light sources. In an exemplary embodiment, the lighting device 800 includes up to 12 light sources.

[0087] In some embodiments, the ring 810 (or a light source embedded in the ring) is connected to a power source 830, for example, via a wire or cable 820. The power source 830 is configured to provide power to a light source mounted on or embedded in the ring 810. The power source 830 may be internal (e.g., housed in the shank assembly), external (e.g., outside the shank assembly), or removable. When the ring 810 is fitted to the stapler head (e.g., ...), Figure 8C When the stapler head 120 shown is surrounded and the power source 830 is turned on, a light source mounted on or embedded in the ring 810 will emit light, illuminating the cannula needle of the stapler head (e.g., Figure 8C The cannula 230 of the stapler head 120 shown in the figure) and / or adjacent areas (e.g., the working area during operation).

[0088] In some embodiments, the lighting device 800 includes one or more features configured to secure the ring 810 to the stapler head (e.g., Figure 8C The external surface of the stapler head 120 shown in the figure is protected to prevent accidental dislodgement during operation. One or more features may include friction surfaces formed on the ring 810 and / or the stapler head, the elasticity of the ring 810, an interlocking mechanism between the ring 810 and the stapler head, an adhesive, a tensioning device, an external support, or any combination thereof. The friction surfaces may be textured and / or rough surfaces that increase the friction between the ring 810 and the stapler head. The elasticity may be achieved and / or improved by selecting a suitable elastic material for the ring 810, allowing it to stretch slightly to fit snugly around the stapler head. The interlocking mechanism may be implemented by forming protrusions and / or grooves on the ring 810 to clamp the stapler head. The adhesive may be a non-toxic, medical-grade adhesive that may be applied to the inner surface of the ring 810 to facilitate its adhesion to the stapler head. The tensioning device may be a screw, spring, biasing device, etc., which may be used to apply tension to the ring 810 against the stapler head, thereby holding the ring 810 in place. External support components may be straps, clips, etc., used to hold the ring 810 in place on the stapler head.

[0089] Figure 9A and 9BA stapler head 900 according to some embodiments of the present invention is illustrated. In some embodiments, the stapler head 900, or one or more components thereof, may be formed together with a distal end portion of a shaft assembly (e.g., shaft assembly 110), permanently attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, or removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly. For example, in some embodiments, the stapler head 900 includes a crimp portion 910 configured for attaching the stapler head 900 to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly (e.g., shaft assembly 110) and / or for other functions. The stapler head 900, or one or more components thereof, may be disposable or non-disposable.

[0090] In some embodiments, the stapler head 900 is configured to engage with an anvil (e.g., anvil 130), such as Figure 9C-9E As shown in the diagram. Similar to the stapler head 120 disclosed herein, the stapler head 900 is operable to launch staples (e.g., Figure 2A The pins 211 shown are used to suture together segments of a tubular organ (e.g., segments 161 and 162 of tubular organ 160).

[0091] The stapler head 900 includes a staple assembly 920, which may be configured to be substantially the same as or similar to the staple assembly 220 disclosed herein. For example, the staple assembly 920 may be configured to operatively support a circular staple cartridge 210 and may be formed together with a distal end portion of a shaft assembly (e.g., shaft assembly 110), permanently attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, or removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly. In embodiments where the staple assembly 920 is removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, the staple assembly 920 may be disposable or non-disposable.

[0092] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly 920 has a circumferential sidewall 921 with a distal edge 922 that defines a fastening line / plane (e.g., Figure 1A and 1B The fastening line / plane 170 is shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the fastening assembly 920 also includes an internal base 923, such as Figure 9E As shown in the diagram, the inner base 923 is positioned proximally (e.g., proximally relative to the distal edge 922) away from the distal edge 922. In some embodiments, the fastening assembly 920 further includes a tubular channel 926 coaxial with the circumferential sidewall 921. Overall, the circumferential sidewall 921, the inner base 923, and the tubular channel 926 form a recess 924 (e.g., a space) within the fastening assembly 920 between the distal edge 922 and the inner base 923.

[0093] In some embodiments, the stapler head 900 includes a cannula 930 configured for puncturing tissue of a tubular organ and for engaging with an anvil (e.g., anvil 130). The cannula 930 may be configured substantially the same as or similar to the cannula 230 disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the cannula 930 is connected to and supported by the stapler assembly 920 and / or other components. For example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the cannula is disposed in and supported by a crimp portion 910 and a tubular channel 926. In some embodiments, the cannula 930 is operably movable relative to the stapler assembly 920 along an axis 925 of the stapler assembly 920 between an extended position and a retracted position (e.g., operable to move, for example, through a shank assembly 140). In some embodiments, the crimp portion 910 and / or the tubular channel 926 is configured to guide axial movement of the cannula 930. In some embodiments, the cannula 930 has a distal end portion 931. When the cannula 930 is in the extended position, the distal end portion 931 of the cannula 930 is exposed distally relative to the distal edge 922 of the engagement assembly 920; for example, the distal end portion 931 of the cannula 930 is positioned distal to the distal edge 922 of the engagement assembly 920. When the cannula 930 is in the retracted position, the distal end portion 931 of the cannula 930 is concealed proximally relative to the distal edge 922 of the engagement assembly 920; for example, the distal end portion 931 of the cannula 930 is positioned proximally to the distal edge 922 of the engagement assembly 920.

[0094] In some embodiments, the stapler head 900 includes a tubular cutter 940 disposed in a recess 924 of the stapler assembly 920 and configured for cutting tissue during operation. The tubular cutter 940 is operably movable relative to the stapler assembly 920 along an axis 925 of the stapler assembly 920 (e.g., operable to move, for example, through the shank assembly 140). The tubular cutter 940 may be circular and may be coaxial with the stapler assembly 920. The tubular cutter 940 may have a length (e.g., axial dimension) ranging from about 1 cm to about 2 cm, from about 1.5 cm to about 2.5 cm, or from about 2 cm to about 3 cm. The maximum distance the tubular cutter 940 can move may be at most 3 cm, at most 3.5 cm, or at most 4 cm.

[0095] In some embodiments, the stapler head 900 includes an illumination element 950 disposed in a recess 924 of the stapler assembly 920 and configured to provide illumination to a desired object or location (e.g., a cannula, anvil, or working part). The illumination element 950 includes one or more light sources 954, which may be identical to any light source 240 disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the illumination element 950 includes one or more segments 952 positioned at an angle relative to a specific reference (such as the axis 925 of the stapler assembly 920, the inner base 923, and / or the staple line / plane defined by the distal edge 922 of the stapler assembly 920). The one or more light sources 954 are disposed at one or more segments 952. This allows the one or more light sources 954 to be positioned at an angle relative to a specific reference, such that light 970 emitted from the one or more light sources 954 can be more effectively directed to the target object and / or desired area (e.g., the anvil 130 and / or the working part), such as... Figure 9F As shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the lighting element 950 includes three inclined segments 952, each having a light source 954, as shown in the figure. Figure 9B The image is shown. However, it should be noted that this is by way of example and is not limiting. The illuminator 950 may be of other shapes and may have any suitable number of inclined segments and any suitable number of light sources. The illuminator 950 may be rigid or flexible. In some embodiments, the illuminator 950 is made of silicone, polyimide or other flexible materials, wherein circuitry is embedded in the flexible material to provide power to one or more light sources 954. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the illuminator 950 does not include one or more light sources 954, but is configured to provide power to one or more light sources (e.g., LEDs) located at other locations (e.g., at the fastening assembly 920 or frame 960).

[0096] In some embodiments, the stapler head 900 includes a frame 960 disposed in a recess 924 of the stapler assembly 920 and distal to the illumination element 950 (e.g., between the distal edge 922 of the stapler assembly 920 and the illumination element 950, such as...). Figure 9E (As shown in the diagram). Frame 960 includes one or more guides 962 (e.g., holes, channels, slots, transparent membranes) corresponding to one or more light sources 954. For example, in Figure 9BIn the embodiment shown, the frame 960 includes three guides 962, one for each light source 954. One or more guides 962 are angled relative to specific references (such as the axis 925 of the engagement assembly 920, the inner base 923, and / or the engagement line / plane defined by the distal edge 922 of the engagement assembly 920). The one or more guides 962 are configured to guide light emitted from one or more light sources 954 to a target object and / or desired area (e.g., the anvil 130 and / or the working part), such as... Figure 9G and 9H As shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the frame 960 is configured to mount one or more light sources 954 and / or illumination elements 940, such that each light source is adjacent to a corresponding guide 962.

[0097] The frame 960 may be made of stainless steel, ceramic, or polymers such as PEEK, UHMWPE, polycarbonate, or PC-ABS blends. The frame 960 may also serve as a structure for mounting one or more light sources 954 and / or illuminators 950. In some embodiments, the frame may be configured to allow adjustment of the vertical position and angle of one or more light sources 954 to optimize and / or achieve desired illumination (e.g., pattern and / or intensity of light 970) at a desired location (e.g., on the nail plane). Adjustments may be made during device manufacturing or before / during surgical procedures. In some embodiments, the vertical position and angle of one or more light sources 954 may be adjusted via the illuminator 950 and / or the frame 960 to create various patterns on the nail plane, such as spotlights, crosshairs, targets, rings, or bullseyes. In some embodiments, the vertical position and angle of one or more light sources 954 may be adjusted via the illuminator 950 and / or the frame 960 to optimize the visibility of the work site for a surgical camera positioned outside the operating area. In some embodiments, the vertical position and angle of one or more light sources 954 may be adjusted to optimize and / or maximize the light 970 exiting the stapler head 900, thereby improving the illumination and / or visualization of the target object / part.

[0098] Figures 10A-10B illustrate exemplary mechanisms for optimizing and / or maximizing the visibility of light exiting the stapler head 1000 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The stapler head 1000 includes one or more light sources 1010 positioned in a vertical “L” position relative to an internal base 1023 within the stapler head 1000. The vertical position of the one or more light sources 1010 can be adjusted to optimize and / or maximize the light 1012 exiting the stapler head 1000, thereby improving illumination and / or visualization of the target object / site. Adjustments can be made during the manufacture of the device or before / during a surgical procedure.

[0099] One or more light sources 1010 may be positioned to limit the viewing angle of the light so as to focus the emitted light on a specific location (e.g., a specific point within the nail plane 1022). One or more light sources 1010 may be used in combination to create specific light patterns and / or visual images, such as a spotlight on the cannula, a crosshair pattern indicating the cannula's central position, and / or a halo just inside the nailing line. In some embodiments, the wavelength and / or intensity of one or more light sources may be varied to facilitate the creation and / or control of light patterns and / or visual images.

[0100] Figures 11A-10B illustrate exemplary mechanisms for optimizing and / or maximizing the visibility of light exiting the stapler head 1100 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The stapler head 1100 includes one or more light sources 1110 positioned on and angled relative to an inner base 1123. The angle can be adjusted to optimize and / or maximize the light 1112 exiting the stapler head 1100, thereby improving illumination and / or visualization of the target object / site. Adjustments can be made during device manufacturing or before / during surgical procedures.

[0101] One or more light sources 1110 may be positioned to limit the viewing angle of the light so as to focus the emitted light on a specific location (e.g., a specific point within the nail plane 1122). One or more light sources 1110 may be used in combination to create specific light patterns and / or visual images, such as a spotlight on the cannula, a crosshair pattern indicating the cannula's central position, and / or a halo just inside the nailing line. In some embodiments, the wavelength and / or intensity of one or more light sources may be varied to facilitate the creation and / or control of light patterns and / or visual images.

[0102] The surgical instruments and methods of this disclosure offer advantages over existing devices. By employing light within one or more wavelength ranges (e.g., white light and / or NIR wavelengths) positioned at the cannula and / or stapling assembly (e.g., around a circular stapling line), the surgical instruments and methods of this disclosure increase the visibility of the intended stapling line / plane and the cannula within the tubular organ. This enables the surgeon to correctly position the stapling head of the surgical instrument within the tubular organ and accurately deploy the cannula with the stapling head transrectally. Consequently, this allows for more consistent, reproducible, and standardized procedures to reduce leakage rates during colorectal anastomosis.

[0103] Subject matter technology as an example of the terms For convenience, various examples of aspects of this disclosure are described using numbered clauses (1, 2, 3, etc.). These are provided as examples and do not limit the subject matter.

[0104] Clause 1. A surgical instrument for treating a patient's tubular organ, the surgical instrument comprising: a shaft assembly having a distal end portion and a proximal end portion; a stapling assembly disposed at the distal end portion of the shaft assembly and including a circumferential sidewall having a distal edge to define a stapling line; a cannula disposed at the distal end portion of the shaft assembly and operably movable relative to the stapling assembly along the axis of the stapling assembly between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the distal end portion of the cannula is distally exposed relative to the distal edge of the stapling assembly when the cannula is in the extended position and proximally concealed relative to the distal edge of the stapling assembly when the cannula is in the retracted position; and one or more light sources disposed at the cannula, the stapling assembly, or both, for emitting light capable of penetrating through the wall of the patient's tubular organ, thereby allowing a user of the surgical instrument to position the distal edge of the cannula, the stapling assembly, or both within the patient's tubular organ by detecting the light transmitted through the wall of the tubular organ.

[0105] Clause 2. Surgical instruments of Clause 1, wherein the tubular organ is the patient’s rectum or colon.

[0106] Clause 3. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein one or more light sources comprise at least one optical fiber, at least one LED, a polymer containing near-infrared fluorescent material, or any combination thereof.

[0107] Clause 4. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein at least one of one or more light sources emits light in the near-infrared range.

[0108] Clause 5. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein at least one of one or more light sources is operable to emit light in any one of a plurality of wavelength ranges.

[0109] Clause 6. Surgical instruments of Clause 5, wherein the plurality of wavelength ranges includes a first wavelength range and a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range.

[0110] Clause 7. Surgical instruments of Clause 6, wherein a first wavelength range is in the white light range and a second wavelength range is in the near-infrared light range.

[0111] Clause 8. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing, wherein at least one of one or more light sources is operable to flash, change color, change intensity, or any combination thereof.

[0112] Clause 9. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein light transmitted through the wall of the patient’s tubular organ is detected by a camera positioned outside the patient’s tubular organ.

[0113] Clause 10. Surgical instruments of Clause 9, wherein light detected by a camera is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the distal edge of the cannula, the stapled assembly, or both in the patient's tubular organ.

[0114] Clause 11. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein one or more light sources comprise a plurality of light sources, wherein the light sources among the plurality of light sources are spaced apart by a known interval for use as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system.

[0115] Clause 12. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clause, wherein: the stapling assembly further includes an inner base located proximally away from the distal edge and a recess formed by the inner base and the circumferential sidewall; and one or more light sources include: at least one first light source disposed at the distal end portion of the cannula; at least one second light source disposed at the proximal base portion of the cannula; at least one third light source disposed on the inner base of the stapling assembly; at least one fourth light source disposed on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the stapling assembly; at least one fifth light source disposed on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the stapling assembly; or any combination thereof.

[0116] Clause 13. Surgical instruments of Clause 12, wherein at least one first light source is different from at least one second light source, at least one third light source, at least one fourth light source, or at least one fifth light source.

[0117] Clause 14. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-13, wherein at least one first light source comprises a first light source disposed at a very distal end of a cannula.

[0118] Clause 15. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-14, wherein the cannula is made of a material that is transparent or translucent to light emitted by at least one first light source, at least one second light source, or both.

[0119] Clause 16. Surgical instruments of Clause 15, wherein the material is medical-grade plastic.

[0120] Clause 17. Surgical instruments of Clause 16, wherein medical-grade plastics include acrylic (PMMA), transparent sulfone polymers, polymethyl methacrylate, PVC, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, styrene methyl methacrylate, or ion-crosslinked polymer resins.

[0121] Clause 18. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 15-17, wherein at least one first light source, at least one second light source, or both are disposed inside the cannula.

[0122] Clause 19. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-18, wherein at least one third light source comprises a plurality of third light sources disposed circumferentially on an internal base of the stapler assembly about an axis of the stapler assembly.

[0123] Clause 20. Surgical instruments of Clause 19, wherein each of a plurality of third light sources extends radially relative to the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0124] Clause 21. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-18, wherein at least one third light source is composed of a single third light source.

[0125] Clause 22. Surgical instruments of Clause 21, wherein a single third light source is a ring surrounding the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0126] Clause 23. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-22, wherein at least one fourth light source comprises a plurality of fourth light sources disposed circumferentially on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly about the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0127] Clause 24. Surgical instruments of Clause 23, wherein each of a plurality of fourth light sources extends along the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0128] Clause 25. A surgical instrument of any of Clauses 12-22, wherein at least one fourth light source is composed of a single fourth lamp.

[0129] Clause 26. Surgical instruments of Clause 25, wherein a single fourth light source is a ring surrounding the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0130] Clause 27. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 12-26, wherein at least one fifth light source comprises a plurality of fifth light sources disposed circumferentially on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly about the axis of the fastening assembly.

[0131] Clause 28. Surgical instruments of Clause 27, wherein each of a plurality of fifth light sources extends along the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0132] Clause 29. A surgical instrument of any of Clauses 12-26, wherein at least one fifth light source is composed of a single fifth lamp.

[0133] Clause 30. Surgical instruments of Clause 29, wherein a single fifth light source is a ring surrounding the axis of the stapled assembly.

[0134] Clause 31. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clauses shall also include: an anvil, which is removably attached to the cannula.

[0135] Clause 32. The surgical instrument of Clause 31, wherein, when the anvil is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of one or more light sources changes color, changes intensity, flashes, or any combination thereof.

[0136] Clause 33. The surgical instruments of Clause 32 also include: sensors or switches configured to detect attachment of the anvil and the cannula.

[0137] Clause 34. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 31-33, wherein: one or more light sources are included at the distal end of the cannula; and the light source at the distal end of the cannula is completely concealed by the complete attachment of the anvil to the cannula.

[0138] Clause 35. Any surgical instrument of the foregoing clauses further includes: a handle assembly disposed at the proximal end portion of the shaft assembly for operating the stapling assembly, the cannula, one or more light sources, or any combination thereof.

[0139] Clause 36. Surgical instruments of Clause 35, wherein the operation of the stapling assembly, cannula, one or more light sources or any combination thereof is powered or automated.

[0140] Clause 37. Surgical instruments of Clause 36, wherein the handle assembly includes a battery to provide power to one or more light sources, to assist in the operation of the stapled assembly, to assist in the operation of the cannula, or any combination thereof.

[0141] Clause 38. Surgical instruments of Clause 37, wherein the handle assembly is electrically connected to a power outlet to provide power to one or more light sources, to assist in the operation of the stapled assembly, to assist in the operation of the cannula, or any combination thereof.

[0142] Clause 39. Surgical instruments of Clause 35, wherein the operation of the stapling assembly, cannula, one or more light sources, or any combination thereof, is manual via the handle assembly.

[0143] Clause 40. A surgical instrument of any one of Clauses 35-39, wherein the handle assembly includes a rotatable knob connected to the cannula for extending or retracting the cannula.

[0144] Clause 41. Any surgical instrument as described in the foregoing clause, wherein the stapler assembly, the cannula, and one or more light sources together form the stapler head.

[0145] Clause 42. Surgical instruments of Clause 41, wherein the stapler head is removably attached to the distal end portion of the shaft assembly, is disposable, or both.

[0146] Clause 43. A method for treating a patient’s tubular organs using any of the surgical instruments specified in any of the preceding clauses.

[0147] Clause 44. A method for treating a patient's tubular organ, the method comprising: (A) inserting a stapler head of a surgical instrument into a first segment of the tubular organ, wherein the stapler head of the surgical instrument includes a stapler assembly having a distal edge to define a stapler line, a cannula operably movable relative to the stapler assembly along an axis of the stapler assembly, and one or more light sources disposed at the cannula and / or the stapler assembly to emit light capable of transmitting through a wall of the tubular organ; (B) detecting light transmitted through a wall of the tubular organ to position the cannula, the distal edge of the stapler assembly, or both, in the first segment of the tubular organ; (C) determining, based on the detection of (B), whether the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at a desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ; (D) moving the stapler head of the surgical instrument based on the determination of (C) until the distal edge of the stapler assembly is positioned at a desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ; (E) extending the cannula to puncture the desired segment of the first segment of the tubular organ; (F) (G) Inserting the anvil into the second segment of the tubular organ, wherein the anvil includes a connecting portion proximal to the desired segment of the second segment of the tubular organ; (H) Assisting at least partially by light emitted from one or more light sources to attach the connecting portion of the anvil to the cannula; (I) Pulling the anvil proximal toward the stapler head such that the desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ are adjacent to each other; (J) Stapled the desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ together using staples of the stapler assembly; (J) Cutting through the desired segments of the first and second segments of the tubular organ adjacent to the staples; and (K) Removing the stapler head and anvil of the surgical instrument from the tubular organ.

[0148] Clause 45. The method of Clause 44, wherein the light detected in detection (B) is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the distal edge of the cannula, the stapled assembly, or both in the patient's tubular organ.

[0149] Clause 46. The method of any one of Clauses 44-45, wherein extension (E) is achieved by rotating a knob at the handle assembly of the surgical instrument in a first direction, and traction (H) is achieved by rotating the knob in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0150] Clause 47. The method of any one of Clauses 44-46, wherein the insertion (F) is performed before the insertion (A).

[0151] Clause 48. The method of any one of Clauses 44-46, wherein the insertion (F) and the insertion (A) are performed simultaneously.

[0152] Clause 49. The method of any one of Clauses 44-46, wherein the insertion (F) is performed after the insertion (A).

[0153] Clause 50. The method of any one of Clauses 44-49, wherein, when the connecting portion of the anvil is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of one or more light sources changes color, changes intensity, flashes, or any combination thereof.

[0154] Clause 51. The method of any one of Clauses 44-50, wherein detection (B) comprises: (i) visualization by the user of surgical instruments, (ii) detection by a laparoscopic camera or a robotic camera, or both.

[0155] Clause 52. The method of Clause 51, wherein the camera may operate in white light mode, near-infrared mode, or both.

[0156] Quoted terms and references The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to also include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be understood that terms such as “left” or “right,” “top” or “bottom,” “lower” or “upper,” “inner” or “outer,” “inward” or “outward,” etc., are used to describe features of exemplary embodiments with reference to the location of such features as shown in the figures. It will be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element, without changing the meaning of the description, provided that “first element” and “second element” are consistently renamed.

[0157] As used herein, the term “and / or” means and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will also be understood that the terms “include,” “includes,” “including,” “comprise,” “comprises,” and / or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of the indicated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0158] The terms “about” or “approximately” are used herein to provide literal support for the exact quantity preceding it and for quantities that are close to or approximate to the quantity preceding the term. In determining whether a quantity is close to or approximates a specifically stated quantity, a close to or approximate unstated quantity may be a quantity substantially equivalent to the quantity in which a specific statement is provided in the context in which it is presented. It should be understood that all quantity values ​​and ranges disclosed herein are approximate values ​​and ranges, whether or not “about” is used with them. It should also be understood that, as used herein, the term “about” in conjunction with a quantity means a value that may be ±0.01% (inclusive), ±0.1% (inclusive), ±0.5% (inclusive), ±1% (inclusive), ±2% (inclusive), ±3% (inclusive), ±5% (inclusive), ±10% (inclusive), or ±15% (inclusive) of that quantity. It should also be understood that when a quantity range is disclosed herein, any quantity values ​​falling within that range are also specifically disclosed.

[0159] Depending on the context, the term "if" as used herein may optionally be interpreted as "when," "at," "in response to determination," "in response to detection," or "according to determination." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases "if determination" or "if [the indicated condition or event] is detected" as used herein may optionally be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when [the indicated condition or event] is detected," "in response to detection of [the indicated condition or event]," or "according to determination that [the indicated condition or event] is detected."

[0160] When the reference number "i" is given, it refers to a general component, set, or embodiment. For example, "unit i" refers to the i-th unit among a plurality of units.

[0161] All references cited herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety and for all purposes, to the extent that each individual publication or patent or patent application specifically and individually indicates that it is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for treating a patient's tubular organ, the surgical instrument comprising: A shaft assembly having a distal end portion and a proximal end portion; A fastening assembly disposed at a distal end portion of the shaft assembly and including a circumferential sidewall having a distal edge to define a fastening line; A cannula, disposed at a distal end portion of the shaft assembly and operably movable relative to the engagement assembly along the axis of the engagement assembly between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the distal end portion of the cannula is exposed distally relative to the distal edge of the engagement assembly when the cannula is in the extended position, and is concealed proximally relative to the distal edge of the engagement assembly when the cannula is in the retracted position. as well as One or more light sources are used to emit light capable of penetrating through the wall of the patient's tubular organ, thereby allowing the user of the surgical instrument to position the cannula, the distal edge of the stapling assembly, or both in the patient's tubular organ by detecting the light penetrating through the wall of the tubular organ.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more light sources include at least one optical fiber, at least one LED, a polymer containing near-infrared fluorescent material, or any combination thereof.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the one or more light sources emits light in the near-infrared range.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the one or more light sources can be operated to flash, change color, change intensity, or any combination thereof.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, Light transmitted through the walls of the patient's tubular organ is detected by a camera positioned outside the patient's tubular organ.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, wherein, The light detected by the camera is displayed to provide real-time visualization of the location of the cannula, the distal edge of the stapled assembly, or both within the patient's tubular organ.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more light sources include a plurality of light sources, wherein the light sources among the plurality of light sources are spaced apart at known intervals to serve as markers for detection by a marker-based augmented reality system.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The fastening assembly further includes an inner base located proximally away from the distal edge and a recess formed by the inner base and the circumferential sidewall; and The one or more light sources include: At least one first light source is disposed at the distal end portion of the cannula needle; At least one second light source is disposed at the proximal base portion of the cannula needle; At least one third light source is disposed on the inner base of the fastening assembly; At least one fourth light source is disposed on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly; At least one fifth light source is disposed on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly; At least a sixth light source mounted on a frame within the recess of the fastening assembly; or Any combination thereof.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein: The at least one third light source, the at least one fourth light source, at least one sixth light source, or any combination thereof are angularly positioned relative to the axis or internal base of the fastening assembly to improve illumination at the desired location.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein: The at least one fourth light source, at least the sixth light source, or any combination thereof, is positioned at a height relative to the inner base of the fastening assembly to enhance illumination at the desired location.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein: The at least one fifth light source is mounted on a ring configured to removably fit around the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein, The at least one first light source includes a first light source disposed at the very end of the cannula.

13. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein, The cannula is made of a material that is transparent or translucent to light emitted by the at least one first light source, the at least one second light source, or both, wherein the at least one first light source, the at least one second light source, or both are disposed inside the cannula.

14. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein, The at least one third light source (i) comprises a plurality of third light sources arranged circumferentially around the axis of the fastening assembly on the inner base of the fastening assembly, or (ii) comprises a single third light source surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

15. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein, The at least one fourth light source (i) comprises a plurality of fourth light sources arranged circumferentially around the axis of the fastening assembly on the inner surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly, or constitutes a single fourth light surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

16. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein, The at least one fifth light source (i) comprises a plurality of fifth light sources arranged circumferentially around the axis of the fastening assembly on the outer surface of the circumferential sidewall of the fastening assembly, or (ii) comprises a single fifth lamp surrounding the axis of the fastening assembly.

17. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: An anvil, which is removably attached to the cannula.

18. The surgical instrument according to claim 17, wherein, When the anvil is properly attached to the cannula, at least one of the one or more light sources changes color, changes intensity, flashes, or any combination thereof.

19. The surgical instrument of claim 18, further comprising: A sensor or switch configured to detect the attachment of the anvil to the cannula.

20. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: A shank assembly disposed at the proximal end portion of the shaft assembly for operating the engagement assembly, the cannula pin, the one or more light sources, or any combination thereof.

Images