One-time clamping multi-station machining equipment for four-shaft-hole differential shell and machining method of one-time clamping multi-station machining equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses one-time clamping multi-station machining equipment for a four-shaft-hole differential shell and a machining method of the one-time clamping multi-station machining equipment, and relates to the technical field of differential machining. Comprising a bottom plate and a bearing mechanism installed on the top of the bottom plate through a connecting assembly. Through the arranged displacement judgment mechanism, whether the differential body is located in the center of the circular groove or not can be judged after the differential body is placed in the circular groove and limited through the limiting mechanism, so that operation of a follow-up machining mechanism is facilitated, and when it is judged that the differential body is not located in the center, the position of the differential body can be moved in an auxiliary mode through the correction mechanism; the displacement judgment mechanism is matched with the correction mechanism, so that the machining quality of the differential mechanism body can be improved, and the situation that the position of the differential mechanism body is affected by hidden faults such as gap enlargement caused by abrasion of the edge of a circular groove is avoided; and the situation that the machining stability and the yield are affected due to centering errors, positioning deviation and dimensional tolerance superposition in subsequent procedures is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of differential machining technology, specifically to a multi-station machining equipment and method for a four-axis differential housing with one-time clamping. Background Technology

[0002] A differential is a device used in a vehicle's transmission system to ensure that the drive wheels rotate at different speeds and torques when the vehicle is turning. This compensates for differences in road surface length and tire sideslip, thereby improving steering stability and grip. It typically consists of planetary gears, a differential housing, a differential gear set, and input / output shafts. It achieves the speed ratio difference between the inner and outer wheels through gear transmission and works in conjunction with a clutch / limited-slip mechanism or electronic control system to limit slippage and improve traction performance. Machining equipment is required during the differential manufacturing process.

[0003] A multi-station integrated rotary machining table, disclosed in patent publication number CN120287082A, includes: a main frame on which several sets of machining rotary mechanisms are mounted, each machining rotary mechanism being used to clamp a part to be processed; each machining rotary mechanism includes: a power assembly, a bridge plate assembly, and a tailstock assembly; the power assembly and the tailstock assembly are mounted on the main frame, and the two ends of the bridge plate assembly are respectively mounted on the power assembly and the tailstock assembly; the bridge plate assembly is used to clamp the part to be processed. This multi-station integrated rotary machining table of the present invention has significant beneficial effects in improving processing efficiency, simplifying assembly and maintenance, enhancing transmission accuracy and stability, strengthening equipment safety and reliability, and optimizing equipment structure and performance, thus meeting the needs of modern machining fields for efficient and high-precision machining equipment.

[0004] Existing processing equipment, while enabling multi-station operation in a single setup, generally lacks the ability to proactively detect and self-diagnose whether the differential machining position is offset. Since the mechanisms for machining the differential housing are mostly automatically operated and have pre-programmed operating trajectories, if there are hidden faults such as gaps, wear, or misassembly in the clamping components or molds, they cannot be detected and corrected in time. This leads to the accumulation of centering errors, positioning offsets, and dimensional tolerances in subsequent processes, reducing machining stability, repeatability, and yield. Furthermore, it requires higher robustness of machining parameters and necessitates additional post-assembly fixtures and offline inspection to ensure accuracy. Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-station machining equipment and method for one-time clamping of a four-axis differential housing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-station machining equipment for one-time clamping of a four-axis differential housing, comprising a base plate and a bearing mechanism mounted on the top of the base plate via a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a vertical guide rail mounted on the outer wall of the top of the base plate, a transverse guide rail mounted on the moving part of the vertical guide rail, a connecting plate mounted on the moving part of the transverse guide rail, and a main plate mounted on the connecting plate. The bearing mechanism includes top plates mounted on both ends of the outer wall of the top of the main plate, mounting blocks mounted on the top plates, circular blocks mounted on the mounting blocks, rotatable side blocks mounted on the circular blocks, and a drive box for driving the rotation of the side blocks mounted on one of the circular blocks. A support plate is installed between the two side blocks. Circular grooves are opened at both ends of the top outer wall of the support plate. The differential body is placed in the circular grooves. Limiting mechanisms are installed at the four corners of the differential body on the support plate. The differential body is installed in the circular grooves by the limiting mechanisms. A displacement judgment mechanism is installed on the top outer wall of the base plate at the bottom of the differential body to determine whether the differential body is located in the center of the circular groove. A rotation mechanism for rotating the differential body and a correction mechanism for auxiliary adjustment of the differential body's position are installed on the support plate. A working block is installed on the base plate, and a machining mechanism for machining the differential body is installed on the working block.

[0007] Furthermore, the displacement determination mechanism includes a base block installed on the top outer wall of the base plate, an infrared emitter embedded in the top outer wall of the base block, and inclined blocks installed on both sides of the outer wall of the base block, with camera components facing the bottom of the differential body installed on the inclined blocks.

[0008] Furthermore, a main annular groove is formed in the middle of the inner wall of the circular groove. The rotating mechanism includes a gear ring installed between the top and bottom inner walls of the main annular groove. An auxiliary block is installed on the outer wall of the other side of the bearing plate. A gear driven by a drive motor is installed in the auxiliary block. The gear meshes with the gear ring. Several second telescopic rods are embedded in the inner wall of the gear. A limit block is installed at one end of the piston rod of the second telescopic rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the circular groove is provided with secondary annular grooves at the top and bottom. The correction mechanism includes a first annular block installed in the secondary annular groove. Several filling bladders are embedded in the inner wall of the first annular block. A transfer box for storing gas or liquid is installed on the outer wall of the support plate. A second annular block communicating with the transfer box is installed in the secondary annular groove. Several connecting pipes communicating with the filling bladders are installed on the second annular block.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes a top limiting component and a bottom limiting component. The top limiting component includes a top box mounted on the top outer wall of the support plate. A vertical block driven by a limiting motor is mounted on the bottom inner wall of the top box. A first limiting plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical block. A magnetic metal plate is embedded in the outer wall of the vertical block. An electromagnet plate is embedded in the contact part between the first limiting plate and the vertical block. A fan-shaped groove is opened on the bottom outer wall of the top box. Several holes and slots are opened on the top outer wall of the support plate at the outside of the top box. A third telescopic rod is embedded in the first limiting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom limiting component includes a bearing groove formed on the bearing plate, a vertical ring installed in the bearing groove, vertical grooves formed at both ends of the bottom outer wall of the vertical ring, a rotating groove formed at the top of the vertical groove, a first telescopic rod inserted into the vertical ring, a groove block adapted to the vertical groove installed on the outer wall of the first telescopic rod, a fourth telescopic rod embedded in the vertical block, a protrusion installed at one end of the piston rod of the fourth telescopic rod, a protrusion groove corresponding to the protrusion formed on the top outer wall of the first telescopic rod, a T-shaped block installed at one end of the piston rod of the first telescopic rod, a through hole formed on the T-shaped block, a second limiting plate with a T-shaped groove formed on the outer wall of the first telescopic rod installed at the bottom, the T-shaped block inserted into the T-shaped groove, a plurality of side holes corresponding to the through holes formed on the outer wall of the second limiting plate, and limiting pins inserted into the through holes and side holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the processing mechanism includes a square block that can move up and down on the working block, a drill bit driven by a working motor is installed on the bottom outer wall of the square block, and several infusion tubes facing the drill bit are installed on the square block.

[0013] A method for multi-station machining of a four-axis bore differential housing in a single clamping operation, using the aforementioned multi-station machining equipment for a four-axis bore differential housing in a single clamping operation, the machining method includes: determining and marking the center point of the differential body to obtain a target point; activating an infrared emitter to illuminate the center point of the differential body to obtain an illumination point; monitoring whether the target point and the illumination point are consistent through a camera assembly to obtain an offset result; when the offset result indicates that the illumination point and the target point are inconsistent, correcting the position of the differential body through a correction mechanism until the offset result indicates that the illumination point and the target point are consistent; adjusting the position of the differential body through a vertical guide rail in conjunction with a horizontal guide rail; and completing the machining of the differential body through a machining mechanism.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment and its machining method, through the set displacement judgment mechanism, can determine whether the differential body is located in the center of the circular groove after being placed in the circular groove and limited by the limiting mechanism, so as to facilitate the operation of the subsequent machining mechanism. When it is determined that it is not in the center, the position of the differential body can be actively adjusted by the correction mechanism, thereby reducing the workload of the operator. By combining the displacement judgment mechanism with the correction mechanism, the machining quality of the differential body can be improved, avoiding the hidden faults such as wear on the edge of the circular groove leading to increased clearance that affect the position of the differential body, and reducing the situation that causes centering errors, positioning offsets and dimensional tolerances to be superimposed in subsequent processes, which affect the machining stability and yield.

[0015] Simultaneously, the drive box can drive one side block to rotate, which in turn drives the other side block to rotate via the support plate, thereby completing the rotation operation of the differential body placed on the support plate. This facilitates the processing of different parts of the differential body. By activating the second telescopic rod, the limit block is moved to fit against the differential body. By activating the drive motor, the gear rotates, which in turn drives the gear ring to rotate, thus completing the rotation operation of the differential body. By combining the two rotation methods, multi-angle processing can be provided.

[0016] Simultaneously, by passing the medium through the second annular block and connecting pipe into the filling bladder, the filling bladder can be expanded. By adjusting the filling bladders in different areas according to the displacement of the differential body, the differential body can be calibrated. In specific use, a valve is installed on the connecting pipe to control the flow of the medium, and the filling bladder is divided into areas according to the actual use. The differential body is calibrated by controlling the filling bladders in different areas. After adjusting the position of the first limit plate, the piston rod is inserted into the slot by activating the third telescopic rod, which restricts the position of the first limit plate and improves its stability under load. The design of the slot block, vertical slot, and rotating slot makes the first telescopic rod easy to disassemble, and the design of the T-shaped block and T-shaped slot makes the second limit plate easy to disassemble, which is convenient for the staff to replace according to the actual use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement judgment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circular groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of part of the correction mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the toothed ring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the top box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical ring cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Vertical guide rail; 3. Horizontal guide rail; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Main board; 6. Bearing mechanism; 601. Mounting block; 602. Round block; 603. Side block; 604. Bearing plate; 605. Drive box; 7. Working block; 8. Machining mechanism; 801. Square block; 802. Infusion tube; 803. Drill bit; 9. Displacement judgment mechanism; 901. Base block; 902. Inclined block; 903. Infrared transmitter; 904. Camera assembly; 10. Limiting mechanism; 1001. Top box; 1002. Groove; 1003. First limiting plate; 1004. Vertical ring; 1005. Second limiting plate ; 1006, Side hole; 1007, Limiting pin; 1008, T-slot; 1009, Vertical block; 1010, Protrusion; 1011, Protruding groove; 1012, Groove block; 1013, First telescopic rod; 1014, Through hole; 1015, Vertical groove; 1016, Rotating groove; 11, Differential body; 12, Rotating mechanism; 1201, Gear ring; 1202, Gear; 1203, Second telescopic rod; 1204, Limiting block; 13, Secondary ring groove; 14, Main ring groove; 15, Correction mechanism; 1501, Transfer box; 1502, First annular block; 1503, Filler bladder; 1504, Second annular block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A four-axis differential housing is a shell structure specifically designed to carry and support the differential mechanism of four output shafts. It typically integrates functional areas such as gear meshing chambers, bearing housing bores, lubrication channels, and sealing surfaces. Its multi-hole arrangement and rigid structure ensure both the accuracy and concentricity of gear meshing and provide stable lubrication and thermal management. It is a key load-bearing and protective component in a high-performance four-wheel drive transmission system. During the differential machining process, machining equipment is required. The machining equipment provided by this invention is specifically designed for machining multiple differentials at once. During the machining process using this equipment, the components that require power supply need to be powered beforehand to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0021] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-station machining equipment for one-time clamping of a four-axis differential housing, comprising a base plate 1 and a bearing mechanism 6 mounted on the top of the base plate 1 via a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a vertical guide rail 2 mounted on the outer wall of the top of the base plate 1, a transverse guide rail 3 mounted on the moving part of the vertical guide rail 2, a connecting plate 4 mounted on the moving part of the transverse guide rail 3, and a main plate 5 mounted on the connecting plate 4. The bearing mechanism 6 includes a top plate mounted on both ends of the outer wall of the top of the main plate 5, a mounting block 601 mounted on the top plate, a circular block 602 mounted on the mounting block 601, and a rotatable side block 603 mounted on the circular block 602. A drive box 605 for driving the side block 603 to rotate is mounted on one of the circular blocks 602, and a drive box 605 for driving the side block 603 to rotate is mounted between the two side blocks 603. A support plate 604 is installed, with circular grooves at both ends of the top outer wall of the support plate 604. The differential body 11 is placed in the circular grooves. Limiting mechanisms 10 are installed at the four corners of the differential body 11 on the support plate 604. The differential body 11 is installed in the circular grooves by the limiting mechanisms 10. A displacement judging mechanism 9 is installed on the top outer wall of the base plate 1 at the bottom of the differential body 11 to determine whether the differential body 11 is located in the middle of the circular groove. A rotation mechanism 12 for rotating the differential body 11 and a correction mechanism 15 for auxiliary adjustment of the position of the differential body 11 are installed on the support plate 604. A working block 7 is installed on the base plate 1, and a machining mechanism 8 for machining the differential body 11 is installed on the working block 7.

[0022] It should be noted that the vertical guide rail 2 and the horizontal guide rail 3 are components that provide lateral and vertical movement, respectively. Specifically, they can be understood as electric slide rails. A horizontal electric slide rail is mounted on the slide table of the vertical electric slide rail, and a connecting plate 4 is mounted on the slide table of the horizontal electric slide rail. Through the provided drive box 605, one side block 603 can be rotated, which in turn drives the other side block 603 to rotate via the support plate 604. This completes the rotation operation of the differential body 11 placed on the support plate 604, facilitating the processing of different parts of the differential body 11. Through the provided displacement judgment mechanism 9, the differential body 11 can be placed on a circular... After being limited in the groove by the limiting mechanism 10, it is determined whether the differential body 11 is located in the center of the groove, so as to facilitate the operation of the subsequent processing mechanism 8. When it is determined that it is not in the center, the position of the differential body 11 can be moved by the correction mechanism 15 to actively adjust and reduce the workload of the workers. By using the displacement judgment mechanism 9 in conjunction with the correction mechanism 15, the processing quality of the differential body 11 can be improved, and the hidden faults such as wear on the edge of the groove leading to increased gaps can be avoided from affecting the position of the differential body 11. This reduces the situation that causes centering errors, positioning offsets and dimensional tolerances in subsequent processes, which can affect the processing stability and yield.

[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the displacement judgment mechanism 9 includes a base block 901 installed on the top outer wall of the base plate 1. An infrared emitter 903 is embedded in the top outer wall of the base block 901. Inclined blocks 902 are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the base block 901. A camera component 904 facing the bottom of the differential body 11 is installed on the inclined blocks 902.

[0024] It is important to note that before use, the operator needs to determine the center of the differential body 11 and mark it. By activating the infrared transmitter 903, the infrared laser is irradiated onto the center of the differential body 11 to determine whether the differential body 11 is located at the center of the circular groove. Real-time image acquisition by the camera component 904 allows the monitoring of whether the infrared laser is located at the marked point to determine whether the differential body 11 has shifted. Since the mechanisms that process the differential housing are mostly automatically operated and have pre-programmed running trajectories (i.e., the operation of the processing mechanism 8 and the operation of the transverse guide rail 3 and the vertical guide rail 2), the probability of defects can be reduced by real-time monitoring and correction of displacement.

[0025] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a main annular groove 14 is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the circular groove. The rotating mechanism 12 includes a gear ring 1201 installed between the top and bottom inner walls of the main annular groove 14. An auxiliary block is installed on the outer wall of the other side of the bearing plate 604. A gear 1202 driven by a drive motor is installed in the auxiliary block. The gear 1202 meshes with the gear ring 1201. Several second telescopic rods 1203 are embedded in the inner wall of the gear 1202. A limit block 1204 is installed at one end of the piston rod of the second telescopic rod 1203.

[0026] It should be noted that the telescopic rod mentioned in this invention is an actively telescopic component, such as an electric push rod and a hydraulic cylinder, depending on the actual use. When it is necessary to rotate the differential body 11, the second telescopic rod 1203 is activated to move the limiting block 1204 to fit against the differential body 11. The drive motor is activated to drive the gear 1202 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear ring 1201 to rotate, thereby completing the rotation operation of the differential body 11. Specifically, the position of the differential body 11 can be adjusted by extending the piston rods of several second telescopic rods 1203 to different degrees. In operation, a pressure sensor can be installed on the limiting block 1204 to determine whether it is disengaged from the differential body 11 and to perform further operation. Specifically, a micro battery can be installed in the teeth of the gear ring 1201 to power the second telescopic rod 1203, and the charging process can be carried out by contact contact. Specifically, it can be installed at the contact part between the gear ring 1201 and the main ring groove 14.

[0027] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the top and bottom of the inner wall of the circular groove are provided with secondary annular grooves 13. The correction mechanism 15 includes a first annular block 1502 installed in the secondary annular groove 13. Several filling bags 1503 are embedded in the inner wall of the first annular block 1502. A transfer box 1501 for storing gas or liquid is installed on the outer wall of the support plate 604. A second annular block 1504 communicating with the transfer box 1501 is installed in the secondary annular groove 13. Several connecting pipes communicating with the filling bags 1503 are installed on the second annular block 1504.

[0028] It should be noted that the transfer box 1501 is equipped with a feed pipe. When storing liquid, it needs to be connected to an external component that supplies the liquid. Specifically, a pump can be used in conjunction with the liquid storage device. The same applies when storing gas. The medium enters the filling bladder 1503 through the second annular block 1504 and the connecting pipe, which expands the filling bladder 1503. By adjusting the filling bladders 1503 in different areas according to the displacement of the differential body 11, the differential body 11 can be calibrated. In practice, a valve is installed on the connecting pipe to control the flow of the medium, and the filling bladder 1503 is divided into areas according to the actual usage. The differential body 11 is calibrated by controlling the filling bladders 1503 in different areas.

[0029] like Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the limiting mechanism 10 includes a top limiting component and a bottom limiting component. The top limiting component includes a top box 1001 mounted on the top outer wall of the support plate 604. A vertical block 1009 driven by a limiting motor is mounted on the bottom inner wall of the top box 1001. A first limiting plate 1003 is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical block 1009. A magnetic metal plate is embedded in the outer wall of the vertical block 1009. An electromagnet plate is embedded in the contact part between the first limiting plate 1003 and the vertical block 1009. A fan-shaped groove is opened on the bottom outer wall of the top box 1001. Several holes and slots 1002 are opened on the top outer wall of the support plate 604 outside the top box 1001. A third telescopic rod is embedded in the first limiting plate 1003.

[0030] It should be noted that when the position of the first limiting plate 1003 needs to be adjusted, the electromagnet plate is energized to attract the vertical block 1009. Then, the limiting motor is started to rotate the vertical block 1009, which in turn rotates the first limiting plate 1003 to adjust its position. Specifically, the first limiting plate 1003 is needed for limiting the position when rotating the bearing plate 604 and the differential body 11 to reverse the top and bottom. The specific application depends on the actual situation. After adjusting the position of the first limiting plate 1003, the piston rod is inserted into the slot 1002 by activating the third telescopic rod, which restricts the position of the first limiting plate 1003 and improves its stability under load.

[0031] like Figure 9As shown, the bottom limiting assembly includes a support groove formed on the support plate 604, in which a vertical ring 1004 is installed. Vertical grooves 1015 are formed at both ends of the bottom outer wall of the vertical ring 1004, and a rotating groove 1016 is formed at the top of the vertical grooves 1015. A first telescopic rod 1013 is inserted into the vertical ring 1004. A groove block 1012 adapted to the vertical groove 1015 is installed on the outer wall of the first telescopic rod 1013. A fourth telescopic rod is embedded in the vertical block 1009. A protrusion 1010 is installed at one end of the piston rod of the fourth telescopic rod. The first telescopic rod... The top outer wall of the rod 1013 has a groove 1011 corresponding to the protrusion 1010. A T-shaped block is installed at one end of the piston rod of the first telescopic rod 1013. A through hole 1014 is opened on the T-shaped block. A second limiting plate 1005 with a T-shaped groove 1008 on its outer wall is installed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod 1013. The T-shaped block is inserted into the T-shaped groove 1008. Several side holes 1006 corresponding to the through hole 1014 are opened on the outer wall of the second limiting plate 1005. Limiting pins 1007 are inserted into the through hole 1014 and the side hole 1006.

[0032] It should be noted that by activating the fourth telescopic rod, the protrusion 1010 is inserted into the protrusion groove 1011. Then, by activating the limit motor, the orientation of the second limit plate 1005 can be actively adjusted. Care should be taken not to adjust the angle too large to prevent it from falling out of the vertical groove 1015. The design of the groove block 1012, the vertical groove 1015, and the rotating groove 1016 facilitates the disassembly of the first telescopic rod 1013. The disassembly process involves rotating the first telescopic rod 1013 to its maximum angle and positioning it in the vertical groove 1015, then pulling it down to complete disassembly. Conversely, installation is completed by pulling it down. The design of the T-block and T-groove 1008 facilitates the disassembly of the second limit plate 1005, allowing workers to replace it according to actual usage. The replacement process involves removing the limit pin 1007, then moving the second limit plate 1005 to remove the T-block from the T-groove 1008, and vice versa to complete installation.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the processing mechanism 8 includes a square block 801 that can move up and down and is mounted on the working block 7. A drill bit 803 driven by a working motor is mounted on the bottom outer wall of the square block 801. Several infusion tubes 802 facing the drill bit 803 are mounted on the square block 801.

[0034] It should be noted that by starting the working motor, the drill bit 803 is rotated and the square block 801 moves up and down to complete the processing operation. The specific processing process and trajectory need to be determined by the staff according to the actual use. The up and down movement can be achieved by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, depending on the actual use. The infusion pipe 802 needs to be connected to the external water supply component to provide a water spray effect during processing and improve processing efficiency.

[0035] A method for multi-station machining of a four-axis differential housing in a single clamping operation includes: determining and marking the center point of the differential body 11 to obtain the target point; activating an infrared emitter 903 to illuminate the center point of the differential body 11; monitoring the consistency between the target point and the illuminated point using a camera assembly 904 to obtain the offset result; when the offset result indicates that the illuminated point and the target point are inconsistent, correcting the position of the differential body 11 using a correction mechanism 15 until the offset result indicates that the illuminated point and the target point are consistent; adjusting the position of the differential body 11 using a vertical guide rail 2 in conjunction with a horizontal guide rail 3; and machining the differential body 11 using a machining mechanism 8.

[0036] It should be noted that when comparing whether the target point and the illumination point are consistent, an image comparison method can be used. Specifically, first, an image in which the target point and the illumination point are consistent is acquired as a comparison image. Then, the real-time acquired image is compared with the comparison image to determine whether the illumination point and the target point are consistent. In order to reduce the workload of the camera component 904, the image acquisition frequency can be set to acquire images in batches to reduce the working efficiency of the camera component 904 and extend the service life of the camera component 904.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-station machining equipment for one-time clamping of a four-axis differential housing, comprising a base plate (1) and a bearing mechanism (6) mounted on the top of the base plate (1) via a connecting assembly, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a vertical guide rail (2) mounted on the top outer wall of the base plate (1), a horizontal guide rail (3) mounted on the moving part of the vertical guide rail (2), a connecting plate (4) mounted on the moving part of the horizontal guide rail (3), and a main plate (5) mounted on the connecting plate (4). The bearing mechanism (6) includes a top plate mounted on both ends of the top outer wall of the main plate (5), a mounting block (601) mounted on the top plate, a circular block (602) mounted on the mounting block (601), a rotatable side block (603) mounted on the circular block (602), a drive box (605) for driving the side block (603) to rotate mounted on one of the circular blocks (602), and a bearing plate (604) mounted between the two side blocks (603). Circular grooves are provided at both ends of the top outer wall of the bearing plate (604). The differential body (11) is placed in the circular groove. Limiting mechanisms (10) are installed at the four corners of the differential body (11) on the support plate (604). The differential body (11) is installed in the circular groove by the limiting mechanisms (10). The displacement judgment mechanism (9) for judging whether the differential body (11) is located in the middle of the circular groove is installed on the top outer wall of the base plate (1) at the bottom of the differential body (11). The rotating mechanism (12) for rotating the differential body (11) and the correction mechanism (15) for adjusting the position of the differential body (11) are installed on the support plate (604). The working block (7) is installed on the base plate (1). The machining mechanism (8) for machining the differential body (11) is installed on the working block (7).

2. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement judgment mechanism (9) includes a bottom block (901) installed on the top outer wall of the base plate (1), an infrared emitter (903) is embedded in the top outer wall of the bottom block (901), and inclined blocks (902) are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the bottom block (901). A camera component (904) facing the bottom of the differential body (11) is installed on the inclined blocks (902).

3. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main ring groove (14) is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the circular groove. The rotating mechanism (12) includes a gear ring (1201) installed between the top and bottom inner walls of the main ring groove (14). An auxiliary block is installed on the outer wall of the other side of the bearing plate (604). A gear (1202) driven by a drive motor is installed in the auxiliary block. The gear (1202) meshes with the gear ring (1201). Several second telescopic rods (1203) are embedded in the inner wall of the gear (1202). A limit block (1204) is installed at one end of the piston rod of the second telescopic rod (1203).

4. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the circular groove is provided with a secondary ring groove (13) at the top and bottom. The correction mechanism (15) includes a first ring block (1502) installed in the secondary ring groove (13). Several filling bags (1503) are embedded in the inner wall of the first ring block (1502). A transfer box (1501) for storing gas or liquid is installed on the outer wall of the support plate (604). A second ring block (1504) communicating with the transfer box (1501) is installed in the secondary ring groove (13). Several connecting pipes communicating with the filling bags (1503) are installed on the second ring block (1504).

5. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (10) includes a top limiting component and a bottom limiting component. The top limiting component includes a top box (1001) installed on the top outer wall of the support plate (604). A vertical block (1009) driven by a limiting motor is installed on the bottom inner wall of the top box (1001). A first limiting plate (1003) is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical block (1009). A magnetic metal plate is embedded in the outer wall of the vertical block (1009). An electromagnet plate is embedded in the contact part between the first limiting plate (1003) and the vertical block (1009). A fan-shaped groove is opened on the bottom outer wall of the top box (1001). Several holes and slots (1002) are opened on the top outer wall of the support plate (604) outside the top box (1001). A third telescopic rod is embedded in the first limiting plate (1003).

6. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom limiting component includes a bearing groove formed on the bearing plate (604), in which a vertical ring (1004) is installed. Vertical grooves (1015) are formed at both ends of the bottom outer wall of the vertical ring (1004), and a rotating groove (1016) is formed at the top of the vertical grooves (1015). A first telescopic rod (1013) is inserted into the vertical ring (1004). A groove block (1012) adapted to the vertical groove (1015) is installed on the outer wall of the first telescopic rod (1013). A fourth telescopic rod is embedded in the vertical block (1009), and a protrusion (1010) is installed at one end of the piston rod of the fourth telescopic rod. The first telescopic rod (1013)... 13) has a groove (1011) on its top outer wall corresponding to the protrusion (1010). A T-shaped block is installed at one end of the piston rod of the first telescopic rod (1013). A through hole (1014) is opened on the T-shaped block. A second limiting plate (1005) with a T-shaped groove (1008) on its outer wall is installed at the bottom of the first telescopic rod (1013). The T-shaped block is inserted into the T-shaped groove (1008). Several side holes (1006) corresponding to the through hole (1014) are opened on the outer wall of the second limiting plate (1005). Limiting pins (1007) are inserted into the through hole (1014) and the side hole (1006).

7. The four-axis differential housing multi-station machining equipment for single clamping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing mechanism (8) includes a square block (801) that can move up and down on the working block (7). A drill bit (803) driven by a working motor is installed on the bottom outer wall of the square block (801). Several infusion tubes (802) facing the drill bit (803) are installed on the square block (801).

8. A method for multi-station machining of a four-axis differential housing in a single clamping operation, characterized in that: A multi-station machining equipment for a four-axis differential housing with one clamping is used according to any one of claims 1-7. The machining method includes: determining and marking the center point of the differential body (11) to obtain the target point; starting the infrared emitter (903) to illuminate the center point of the differential body (11); monitoring whether the target point and the illumination point are consistent through the camera assembly (904) to obtain the offset result; when the offset result is fed back to the illumination point and the target point being inconsistent, the position of the differential body (11) is corrected through the correction mechanism (15) until the offset result is fed back to the illumination point and the target point being consistent; the position of the differential body (11) is adjusted through the vertical guide rail (2) and the horizontal guide rail (3); and the machining of the differential body (11) is completed through the machining mechanism (8).

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