Processing equipment and processing method of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing, in particular to composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing equipment and a processing method thereof.The composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing equipment comprises a bearing frame, an extrusion assembly is arranged on the upper end face of the bearing frame, and a lining flow guide assembly is arranged in a machine barrel; the lining flow guide assembly comprises a lining sleeve fixed to the inner wall of the machine barrel, and a spiral liquid guide groove is formed in the inner wall of the lining sleeve. The auxiliary scraping assembly comprises a spiral base fixedly installed on the extrusion screw, and scraping edges are installed on the upper end face of the spiral base. The nitrogen filling protection assembly, the lining flow guide assembly, the auxiliary scraping assembly and the exhaust assembly are matched with one another, a full-process closed-loop system of inert protection, directional liquid collection, mechanical dirt removal and gradient waste discharge is constructed, four key links including acid substance generation inhibition, condensation collection, thorough removal and efficient discharge synergistically exert power, and the energy consumption is reduced. Therefore, the damage of acid gas generated during processing of the composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material to products and equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing technology, and in particular to a processing equipment and processing method for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials. Background Technology

[0002] Composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material is a functional polymer material made by melt blending and modifying nylon (PA) matrix with the addition of reinforcing agents, flame retardants, and other additives. This material possesses many excellent properties; for example, its glass fiber reinforcement significantly increases its hardness, thus giving it higher strength and rigidity, enabling it to meet the requirements of applications with high mechanical performance. Simultaneously, the addition of flame retardants endows the material with excellent flame-retardant properties, greatly improving its safety in hazardous environments such as fires. However, composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material also presents some challenging problems during processing. Due to the high hardness of glass fibers, it can severely abrade the screw, barrel, and die cavity during extrusion. Furthermore, some flame retardants (such as halogenated and acidic flame retardants) decompose under high-temperature processing conditions, producing corrosive gases. These acidic gases not only adversely affect product quality, such as causing surface defects and color changes, affecting the product's appearance and performance, but also accelerate the aging of metal components in equipment.

[0003] A search revealed an extruder for the production and processing of polyacrylamide alkyl esters, application number 202411629598.0. This extruder injects filler liquid into the mixing zone via a supplementary pump, filling the gaps between materials and reducing the amount of material volatilization. Simultaneously, a heating element heats the filler liquid, allowing it to heat the material upon contact, resulting in more uniform melting. When the mixture of material and filler liquid moves to the exhaust zone, the material disperses, and the filler liquid, under high temperature, evaporates through the evaporation tube and enters the exhaust box. Meanwhile, the gas generated by the material is filtered and discharged outwards.

[0004] The nitrogen-filling system for extruders with application number 201210279138.0 injects nitrogen or other inert gases into the pressure-resistant zone of the extruder through a nitrogen-filling system in a twin-screw expander dryer. This provides an effective bursting medium, making the drying process easier and more efficient, resulting in a lower final moisture content of the rubber compound. It can also lower the base temperature of the polymer, thereby helping to ensure the performance and quality of the polymer itself.

[0005] In existing technical solutions, when processing nylon materials using an extruder, the gases generated during the processing are mostly discharged through exhaust components. However, the situation is more complicated when processing composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials. Due to the special physical and chemical properties of the acidic gases produced, traditional exhaust components cannot effectively discharge them. These residual acidic gases will continue to accumulate in the processing environment and continue to damage the products and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a processing equipment and method for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials. This method involves the coordinated operation of a nitrogen-filled protection component, an inner lining guide component, an auxiliary scraping component, and an exhaust component. This constructs a closed-loop system encompassing inert protection, directional liquid collection, mechanical cleaning, and gradient waste discharge. By working synergistically through four key stages—inhibition of acidic substance formation, condensation and collection, thorough removal, and efficient discharge—the system reduces the damage to products and equipment caused by acidic gases generated during the processing of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials, comprising a support frame, an extrusion assembly disposed on the upper end face of the support frame, the extrusion assembly comprising a support seat fixedly installed on the upper end face of the support frame, a cylinder fixedly installed inside the support seat, an inner lining guide assembly disposed inside the cylinder, the inner lining guide assembly comprising an inner liner fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder, and a spiral liquid guiding groove formed on the inner wall of the inner liner;

[0008] The inner liner is provided with an extrusion screw, and an auxiliary scraping assembly is provided on the outer wall of the extrusion screw. The auxiliary scraping assembly includes a spiral seat fixedly installed on the extrusion screw. The spiral seat is fixed to the extrusion screw by a fixing pin, and a scraping ridge is installed on the upper end face of the spiral seat.

[0009] Preferably, the extrusion assembly further includes a drive motor fixedly installed on the front end of the upper end of the support frame, the power output end of the drive motor is connected to a reducer, and the power output end of the reducer is connected to the power input end of the extrusion screw.

[0010] Preferably, the front end of the barrel is fixedly connected to a main hopper, a side feeder fixedly connected to the barrel is provided behind the main hopper, and an extruder head is detachably installed at the rear end of the barrel.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end face of the barrel is provided with an exhaust assembly, which includes a first exhaust manifold, a second exhaust manifold and a third exhaust manifold fixedly installed on the upper end face, and the first exhaust manifold, the second exhaust manifold and the third exhaust manifold are distributed from front to back.

[0012] Preferably, a first vacuum control valve is fixedly installed on the first exhaust manifold, a second vacuum control valve is fixedly installed on the second exhaust manifold, and a third vacuum control valve is fixedly installed on the third exhaust manifold.

[0013] Preferably, the upper ends of the first exhaust manifold, the second exhaust manifold, and the third exhaust manifold are fixedly connected to a vacuum main pipe. The first exhaust manifold, the second exhaust manifold, and the third exhaust manifold are interconnected with the barrel through an anti-overflow component. The barrel is provided with an exhaust port corresponding to the anti-overflow component, and the exhaust port corresponds to the spiral liquid guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, a nitrogen charging protection assembly is provided on the bottom end face of the barrel. The nitrogen charging protection assembly includes three nitrogen charging manifolds that are interconnected with the barrel. The input end of each nitrogen charging manifold is fixedly connected to a nitrogen charging main pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary scraping component includes an assembly positioning groove formed inside the upper end of the spiral seat, and an elastic strip is fixedly installed inside the assembly positioning groove.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary scraping assembly further includes multiple shearing blocks fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the spiral seat, and a control system is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end face of the support frame.

[0017] Preferably, a processing method for a composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing equipment includes the following steps: S1, extrusion processing: the substrate, reinforcing agent, flame retardant and other additives added to the barrel are extruded through a drive motor, reducer and extrusion screw; S2, nitrogen protection: nitrogen is supplied to the inside of the barrel through a nitrogen filling manifold. The nitrogen mixes with the acidic gas produced by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local acidic gas concentration. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will form a "pneumatic thrust effect", which, together with the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust assembly, creates a "pneumatic thrust effect". S3, Spiral Liquid Guiding: The spiral liquid guiding groove has the same spiral shape as the screw rotation direction, conforming to the axial flow direction of the material, guiding the condensate to move towards the exhaust port as the screw rotates. The pitch of the spiral liquid guiding groove gradually decreases along the material flow direction, which can match the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust assembly. The reduced pitch enhances the condensate conveying power and adapts to the increasing negative pressure trend; S4, Auxiliary Sewage Discharge: The extrusion screw drives the elastic scraper to rotate, and the elastic scraper can dynamically clean the spiral liquid guiding groove through rotation;

[0018] S5, Negative Pressure Collection: The nitrogen-filled protection component, together with the three-stage exhaust component, forms a "gradient negative pressure" airflow circulation of "positive pressure push + negative pressure traction", achieving efficient discharge of acidic gases.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The nitrogen filling protection component, the inner lining guide component, the auxiliary scraping component, and the exhaust component of this invention work together to construct a closed-loop system for the entire process of inert protection, directional liquid collection, mechanical cleaning, and gradient waste discharge. The system works synergistically from four key links: acid generation inhibition, condensation and collection, thorough removal and efficient discharge, thereby reducing the damage of acidic gases generated during the processing of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials to products and equipment.

[0021] 2. After nitrogen is introduced into the barrel, it mixes with the acidic gas produced by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local concentration of acidic gas and reducing corrosion to the extrusion screw and barrel. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will create a "pneumatic effect", which, together with the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust assembly, pushes the acidic gas to the exhaust port more quickly. Meanwhile, the nitrogen forms a slight positive pressure in the barrel, which not only prevents outside air from entering, but also prevents the acidic gas from diffusing to non-contact parts such as bearings and motors.

[0022] 3. This invention, through the cooperation of the nitrogen filling protection component and the exhaust component, forms a micro-positive pressure airflow along the material flow direction after nitrogen is filled into the barrel. This is equivalent to "providing thrust" to the acid gas, which is dispersed in the melt and directed towards the exhaust port to avoid local accumulation. Combined with the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust, a "positive pressure push + negative pressure traction" airflow circulation is formed to improve the acid gas discharge efficiency.

[0023] 4. The spiral liquid guiding channel of this invention has a spiral shape that is consistent with the screw rotation direction, conforming to the axial flow direction of the material, guiding the condensate to move towards the exhaust port as the screw rotates, avoiding lateral material accumulation. The spiral liquid guiding channel is designed as a shallow channel to prevent high-viscosity melt from filling, while ensuring that the low viscosity of acidic condensate can be retained and flow. The spiral liquid guiding channel has a narrow channel structure, which utilizes the capillary effect to allow the condensate to form a stable liquid film, preventing it from being washed away by the melt, while reducing the melt penetration resistance. The pitch of the spiral liquid guiding channel gradually decreases along the material flow direction, so as to match the three-stage exhaust "gradient negative pressure". The reduced pitch enhances the condensate conveying power and adapts to the increasing negative pressure trend.

[0024] 5. The combination of the inner lining guide component, auxiliary scraping component, and venting component of this invention can balance negative pressure devolatilization and melt stability. On the one hand, the shallow and narrow structure of the spiral liquid guide channel can prevent negative pressure from acting directly on the main melt flow, and the elastic design of the elastic scraping edge will not create rigid obstruction to the melt. In addition, the gradual increase of gradient negative pressure will not cause sudden pressure changes in the barrel, preventing turbulent eddies or local backflow in the melt, and the screw load fluctuation can be controlled within a small range. On the other hand, the combination of the guide component, auxiliary scraping component, and venting component can thoroughly remove acidic condensate and residual gas, preventing these impurities from mixing into the melt and causing degradation of nylon molecular chains or forming defects such as bubbles and black spots. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the barrel of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the barrel and the nitrogen filling protection component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the barrel and the inner lining guide assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the auxiliary scraping component and the extrusion screw of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral liquid guiding groove distribution structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary scraping component structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the spiral seat and the scraper edge of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Support frame; 2. Extrusion assembly; 201. Drive motor; 202. Reducer; 203. Extrusion screw; 204. Barrel; 205. Support base; 206. Extruder head; 207. Main hopper; 208. Side feeder; 3. Control system; 4. Exhaust assembly; 401. Main vacuum pipe; 402. First exhaust manifold; 403. First vacuum control valve; 404. Second exhaust manifold; 405. Second vacuum control valve; 406. ... 407. Third vacuum control valve; 408. Anti-overflow component; 409. Exhaust port; 5. Nitrogen charging protection assembly; 501. Nitrogen charging main pipe; 502. Nitrogen charging manifold; 6. Inner liner guide assembly; 601. Inner liner sleeve; 602. Spiral liquid guide groove; 7. Auxiliary scraping assembly; 701. Fixing pin; 702. Spiral seat; 703. Elastic strip; 704. Scraping edge; 705. Shearing block; 706. Assembly positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] This invention provides a technical solution:

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 A processing device for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material includes a support frame 1. An extrusion assembly 2 is provided on the upper end face of the support frame 1. The extrusion assembly 2 includes a support seat 205 fixedly installed on the upper end face of the support frame 1. A barrel 204 is fixedly installed inside the support seat 205, and the barrel 204 is fixedly supported by the support seat 205. The extrusion assembly 2 also includes a drive motor 201 fixedly installed on the front end of the upper end face of the support frame 1. The power output end of the drive motor 201 is connected to a reducer 202. The power output end of the reducer 202 is connected to the power input end of the extrusion screw 203. The front end of the barrel 204 is fixedly connected to a main hopper 207. A side feeder 208 is fixedly connected to the barrel 204 behind the main hopper 207. An extruder head 206 is detachably installed at the rear end of the barrel 204. A control system 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end face of the support frame 1.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, during use, the drive motor 201 is started, and the speed is adjusted by the frequency converter to precisely control the material conveying and shearing intensity. The drive motor 201 transmits power to the reducer 202, which reduces the speed of the drive motor 201 and increases the torque, smoothly transmitting power to the screw to ensure low-speed, high-torque operation of the screw. The reducer 202 is connected to the extrusion screw 203 through a coupling, transmitting power while compensating for installation deviations. The reducer 202 drives the extrusion screw 203 to rotate through the coupling, thereby conveying the material. When adding material, the main hopper 207, which stores nylon substrate and premixed additives such as compatibilizers and antioxidants, works with the main feeder to precisely convey the main material at a set speed, coordinating with the side feeder 208 to ensure... The formula ratio is stable. The side feeder 208 is independently installed on the front side of the barrel 204, behind the main hopper 207, and is dedicated to conveying glass fiber. By adding glass fiber later, excessive shearing and breakage of the fiber in the main feeding area is reduced, ensuring the reinforcement effect. At the same time, the barrel 204 is also equipped with a heating device and a cooling device, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The control system 3 is an independent control cabinet installed on the side of the extruder. All components are connected by wiring. The control system 3 also includes a PLC and a touch screen. The PLC and touch screen realize the human-machine interface, which can set and store parameters such as temperature, screw speed, feeding speed, and vacuum degree, and display the equipment operating status in real time. At the same time, it controls the motor speed and direction, and achieves stepless speed regulation through a frequency converter to adapt to different processing requirements. It also features temperature control, pressure monitoring, and safety interlocks. Temperature control employs PID regulation for precise temperature control at each stage. Pressure monitoring utilizes a pressure sensor installed at extruder head 206 to monitor melt pressure in real time, automatically triggering an alarm or shutdown to prevent equipment overload in case of abnormal pressure. Safety interlocks include an emergency stop button, motor overload protection, heating over-temperature protection, and vacuum abnormality protection, ensuring the safety of equipment and operators.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a nitrogen charging protection component 5 is installed at the bottom of the barrel 204. The nitrogen charging protection component 5 includes three nitrogen charging manifolds 502 connected to the barrel 204. The input end of each nitrogen charging manifold 502 is fixedly connected to a nitrogen charging main pipe 501. The nitrogen charging protection component 5 also includes a high-pressure nitrogen source and a control and adjustment module. The high-pressure nitrogen source is the main gas source, responsible for outputting high-pressure nitrogen and is the core raw material supply for nitrogen charging. It is directly connected to the nitrogen charging main pipe 501. The control and adjustment module is the "brain" of the nitrogen charging protection component 5, responsible for accurately controlling the pressure and flow rate of nitrogen to match the working requirements of the extruder. An exhaust component 4 is installed on the upper surface of the barrel 204. The exhaust component 4 includes a first exhaust manifold 402, a second exhaust manifold 404, and a third exhaust manifold 406 fixedly installed on the upper surface. The first exhaust manifold... The exhaust manifold 402, the second exhaust manifold 404, and the third exhaust manifold 406 are arranged sequentially from front to back. A first vacuum control valve 403 is fixedly installed on the first exhaust manifold 402, a second vacuum control valve 405 is fixedly installed on the second exhaust manifold 404, and a third vacuum control valve 407 is fixedly installed on the third exhaust manifold 406. The upper ends of the first exhaust manifold 402, the second exhaust manifold 404, and the third exhaust manifold 406 are fixedly connected to a vacuum main pipe 401. The first exhaust manifold 402, the second exhaust manifold 404, and the third exhaust manifold 406 are interconnected with the barrel 204 through an anti-slip component 408. The barrel 204 has an exhaust port 409 corresponding to the anti-slip component 408. The exhaust assembly 4 also includes a vacuum pump group, a pressure regulating assembly, etc., to provide vacuum and pressure control for exhaust.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, during processing, the nitrogen filling protection component 5 delivers nitrogen to the inside of the barrel 204 through the nitrogen filling main pipe 501 and three nitrogen filling manifolds 502. After the nitrogen fills the barrel 204, it mixes with the acidic gas produced by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local acidic gas concentration and reducing corrosion of the extrusion screw 203 and the barrel 204. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will form a "pneumatic effect", which, together with the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust component 4, pushes the acidic gas to the exhaust port 409 more quickly. Meanwhile, the nitrogen forms a slight positive pressure in the barrel 204, which not only prevents outside air from entering, but also prevents the acidic gas from diffusing to non-contact parts such as bearings and motors. The exhaust assembly 4, equipped with a first exhaust manifold 402, a second exhaust manifold 404, and a third exhaust manifold 406, can achieve a three-stage structure of "pre-exhaust - main exhaust - fine exhaust". A vacuum main pipe 401 is connected to the exhaust manifolds, providing negative pressure at the exhaust manifolds. The first vacuum control valve 403, the second vacuum control valve 405, and the third vacuum control valve 407 can adjust the corresponding negative pressure at the first exhaust manifold 402, the second exhaust manifold 404, and the third exhaust manifold 406, thus forming a gradient negative pressure. This is achieved through the nitrogen-filled protection component 5 and the matching of the exhaust assembly 4. When nitrogen is introduced into the barrel 204, a slightly positive pressure airflow is formed along the material flow direction, which is equivalent to "providing thrust" to the acid gas. This directs the acid gas dispersed in the melt toward the exhaust port 409, avoiding local accumulation. Combined with the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust, an airflow circulation of "positive pressure pushing + negative pressure traction" is formed, which improves the efficiency of acid gas discharge. It should be noted that the anti-overflow component 408 is installed at the exhaust port 409. The anti-overflow component 408 is an existing structure. In this solution, it can be a floating pressure block or other structures with anti-overflow effect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 8As shown, the barrel 204 is equipped with an inner lining guide assembly 6. The inner lining guide assembly 6 includes an inner liner 601 fixed to the inner wall of the barrel 204. The inner wall of the inner liner 601 has a spiral liquid guiding groove 602. The exhaust port 409 corresponds to the spiral liquid guiding groove 602. The pitch of the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 gradually decreases along the material flow direction, so as to match the three-stage exhaust "gradient negative pressure". The decrease in pitch enhances the condensate conveying power and adapts to the increasing negative pressure trend. It should be noted that the melt flows in the barrel 204 along the axial direction of the extruder head 206. The spiral liquid guiding groove 602 is located in the inner wall of the inner liner 601 of the barrel 204 and belongs to the "shallow side groove". The melt has high viscosity. Due to the inherent properties and flow inertia of the main body, the liquid directly "passes over" the spiral guide channel 602 and does not actively fill it. The acidic gas from the decomposition of the flame retardant moves towards the exhaust port 409 under negative pressure, condensing into liquid upon encountering the low-temperature wall of the spiral guide channel 602. Because the condensate has low viscosity and good fluidity, it naturally flows into the spiral guide channel 602. The gradient negative pressure pulls the condensate along the spiral guide channel 602 in a spiral flow, and the elastic scraper 704 assists in scraping away residue. Finally, the condensate is drawn into the exhaust port 409 and discharged from the barrel 204. Even if a trace amount of melt comes into contact with the spiral guide channel 602 due to abnormal operating conditions such as temperature fluctuations, it will be scraped back into the main flow channel by the elastic scraper 704 or carried away by the negative pressure, unable to flow in the spiral guide channel. A stable filling is formed within the liquid tank 602; an extrusion screw 203 is installed inside the inner liner 601, and an auxiliary scraping assembly 7 is installed on the outer wall of the extrusion screw 203. The auxiliary scraping assembly 7 includes a screw seat 702 fixedly installed on the extrusion screw 203. The screw seat 702 is fixed to the extrusion screw 203 by a fixing pin 701. A scraping rib 704 is installed on the upper end face of the screw seat 702. The scraping rib 704 is an elastic structure. The elastic scraping rib 704 is installed with the same lead and the same spiral direction as the spiral liquid guide channel 602. In this way, when rotating, it can generate a "forward pushing" component force, pushing the scraped condensate along the spiral liquid guide channel 602 towards the exhaust port 409, in conjunction with... Negative pressure improves discharge efficiency. The auxiliary scraping component 7 includes an assembly positioning groove 706 located at the upper end of the spiral seat 702. An elastic strip 703 is fixedly installed inside the assembly positioning groove 706. The auxiliary scraping component 7 also includes multiple shearing blocks 705 fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the spiral seat 702. When the elastic scraping ridge 704 rotates, it can elastically scrape off the residual melt or impurities in the spiral liquid guiding groove 602. The staggered shearing blocks 705 are installed axially behind the elastic scraping ridge 704 to ensure that the melt treated by the elastic scraping ridge 704 can directly enter the working area of ​​the shearing block 705. The staggered shearing blocks 705 can enhance the shearing and dispersion of the scraped glass fiber and flame retardant.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 is spiral-shaped and consistent with the screw rotation direction, conforming to the axial flow direction of the material, guiding the condensate to move towards the exhaust port 409 as the extrusion screw 203 rotates, avoiding lateral material accumulation. The spiral liquid guiding groove 602 is a shallow groove design to prevent high-viscosity melt from filling, while ensuring that the low viscosity of acidic condensate can be retained and flow. The spiral liquid guiding groove 602 has a narrow groove structure, utilizing capillary effect to allow the condensate to form a stable liquid film, preventing it from being washed away by the melt, and reducing melt penetration resistance. When the extrusion screw 203 rotates, it can drive the spiral seat 702, which is fixed by the fixing pin 701, to rotate together. The rotation of the spiral seat 702 can drive the elastic strip 703 and the scraper edge 704 in the assembly positioning groove 706 to rotate together. The elastic strip 703 and the scraper edge 704 rotate together. The elastic scraper 704 is lifted up, allowing it to be pushed into the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 when it rotates. The rotation of the elastic scraper 704 dynamically cleans the spiral liquid guiding groove 602. The elastic scraper 704 rotates with the extrusion screw 203 and has a certain gap with the spiral liquid guiding groove 602, which can accurately scrape the residual condensate on the groove wall, solving the problem of "incomplete flow guidance" of the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 itself. At the same time, the rotation of the elastic scraper 704 will generate local vortices around the spiral liquid guiding groove 602, breaking the melt boundary layer and accelerating the release of uncondensed acidic gas in the melt. This allows the gas to enter the spiral liquid guiding groove 602, condense, and be scraped off, forming a closed loop of "gas release → condensation → scraping → discharge", further improving the discharge efficiency of acidic substances. Simultaneously, the cooperation of the inner lining guide component 6, the auxiliary scraping component 7, and the exhaust component 4 provides gradient power for the discharge of impurities at different processing stages. Combined with the spiral liquid guide channel 602 and the elastic scraping edge 704, it can solve the problem of incomplete waste discharge by simple negative pressure or single structure. From the processing flow perspective, the composite reinforced flame retardant nylon will release a large amount of low-concentration acidic gas in the early stage of extrusion. The first stage of weak negative pressure initially extracts some gas, and the spiral liquid guide channel 602 collects a small amount of initial condensate. As the material advances, the flame retardant further decomposes, the concentration of acidic gas increases and a large amount of condensation occurs. The second stage of medium negative pressure enhances the suction, and the elastic scraping edge 704 scrapes off the condensate attached in the spiral liquid guide channel 602 to prevent liquid accumulation from hindering gas discharge. In the third stage of strong negative pressure, for the residual stubborn condensate and trace gas, the strong suction combined with the deep cleaning of the elastic scraping edge 704 can quickly extract the mixed waste liquid accumulated in the spiral liquid guide channel 602. At the same time, the gradient negative pressure will form a negative pressure gradient airflow along the material propulsion direction in the spiral liquid guiding tank 602, which will drive the condensate scraped off by the elastic scraper 704 to flow along the tank body to the corresponding exhaust port 409, thus preventing the condensate from flowing back or accumulating and drying in the tank.Composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon contains glass fiber and has high melt viscosity. If the negative pressure is not set properly, it can easily lead to melt fluctuations or air entrapment. The inner lining guide component 6, the auxiliary scraping component 7, and the exhaust component 4 work together to balance negative pressure devolatilization and melt stability. On the one hand, the shallow and narrow structure of the spiral liquid guide groove 602 can prevent the negative pressure from acting directly on the main melt flow. The elastic design of the elastic scraping ridge 704 will not rigidly block the melt. In addition, the gradient negative pressure gradually increases, which will not cause a sudden change in pressure inside the barrel 204, preventing eddy currents or local backflow in the melt. The screw load fluctuation can be controlled within a small range. On the other hand, the inner lining guide component 6, the auxiliary scraping component 7, and the exhaust component 4 work together to thoroughly remove acidic condensate and residual gas, preventing these impurities from mixing into the melt and causing degradation of the nylon molecular chains or forming defects such as bubbles and black spots. Furthermore, the slight melt disturbance generated by the elastic scraper 704 under negative pressure can also help disperse glass fiber and flame retardant, reduce agglomeration, and reduce the fluctuation range of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and impact strength of the product.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a processing method for a composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material processing equipment includes the following steps: S1, extrusion processing: the base material, reinforcing agent, flame retardant and other additives added to the barrel 204 are extruded through a drive motor 201, a reducer 202 and an extrusion screw 203; S2, nitrogen protection: nitrogen is transported to the inside of the barrel 204 through a nitrogen filling manifold 502. The nitrogen mixes with the acidic gas generated by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local acidic gas concentration. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will form a "pneumatic effect", which, together with the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust assembly 4, pushes the acidic gas to the exhaust port 409 more quickly; S3, spiral liquid guiding: the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 spirals... The spiral guide groove 602 is shaped in the same direction as the screw rotation, conforming to the axial flow direction of the material, guiding the condensate to move towards the exhaust port 409 as the screw rotates. The pitch of the spiral guide groove 602 gradually decreases along the material flow direction, which can match the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust assembly 4. The decrease in pitch enhances the condensate conveying power and adapts to the increasing negative pressure trend; S4, auxiliary sewage discharge: the extrusion screw 203 drives the elastic scraper 704 to rotate, and the elastic scraper 704 can dynamically clean the spiral guide groove 602 by rotating; S5, negative pressure collection: nitrogen filling protection assembly 5 works with the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust assembly 4 to form an airflow circulation of "positive pressure pushing + negative pressure traction" to achieve efficient discharge of acidic gas.

[0045] Working Principle: During operation, the drive motor 201 is started, and the speed is adjusted via a frequency converter to precisely control material conveying and shearing intensity. The drive motor 201 transmits power to the reducer 202, which is connected to the extrusion screw 203 via a coupling. While transmitting power, the reducer 202 compensates for installation deviations. The reducer 202 drives the extrusion screw 203 to rotate via the coupling, thereby conveying the material. When adding material, the main hopper 207, which stores nylon substrate and premixed additives such as compatibilizers and antioxidants, works in conjunction with the main feeder to precisely convey the main material at the set speed. This, along with the side feeder 208, ensures a stable formula ratio. The side feeder 208 is independently installed on the front side of the barrel 204, behind the main hopper 207, and is specifically for conveying glass fiber. The nitrogen filling protection component 5 delivers nitrogen to the barrel 204 via the nitrogen filling main pipe 501 and three nitrogen filling manifolds 502. Inside the extrusion assembly 4, after nitrogen is introduced into the barrel 204, it mixes with the acidic gas produced by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local concentration of acidic gas and reducing corrosion of the extrusion screw 203 and the barrel 204. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will create a "gas-push effect", which, together with the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust assembly 4, pushes the acidic gas to the exhaust port 409 faster. The first exhaust manifold 402, the second exhaust manifold 404 and the third exhaust manifold 406 of the exhaust assembly 4 can realize a three-stage structure of "pre-exhaust - main exhaust - fine exhaust". The vacuum main pipe 401 is connected to the exhaust manifold, thereby providing negative pressure at the exhaust manifold. The first vacuum control valve 403, the second vacuum control valve 405 and the third vacuum control valve 407 can adjust the corresponding first exhaust manifold 402, second exhaust manifold 404 and third exhaust manifold 406 to have different negative pressures, thereby forming a gradient negative pressure.

[0046] When the extrusion screw 203 rotates, it drives the screw seat 702, which is fixed by the fixing pin 701, to rotate as well. The rotation of the screw seat 702 drives the elastic strip 703 and the scraper rib 704 in the assembly positioning groove 706 to rotate as well. The elastic strip 703 elastically lifts the scraper rib 704, so that when the scraper rib 704 rotates, it can push the elastic scraper rib 704 into the spiral liquid guiding groove 602. The elastic scraper rib 704 can dynamically clean the spiral liquid guiding groove 602 by rotating. The elastic scraper rib 704 rotates with the extrusion screw 203 and there is a certain gap between it and the spiral liquid guiding groove 602, which can accurately scrape the residual condensate on the groove wall. At the same time, when the elastic scraper rib 704 rotates, it will generate local vortices around the spiral liquid guiding groove 602, breaking the melt boundary layer and composite reinforced flame retardant nylon. In the initial stage of extrusion, a large amount of low-concentration acidic gas is released. The first stage of weak negative pressure initially extracts some of the gas, while the spiral liquid guide trough 602 simultaneously collects a small amount of initial condensate. As the material advances, the flame retardant further decomposes, the concentration of acidic gas increases, and a large amount of condensation occurs. The second stage of medium negative pressure enhances suction, and the elastic scraper 704 scrapes away the condensate adhering to the spiral liquid guide trough 602 to prevent liquid accumulation from hindering gas discharge. In the third stage of strong negative pressure, for the residual stubborn condensate and trace amounts of gas, the strong suction combined with the deep cleaning of the elastic scraper 704 can quickly extract the mixed waste liquid accumulated in the spiral liquid guide trough 602. In this way, the four key links of acid generation inhibition, condensation collection, thorough removal, and efficient discharge work together to reduce the damage of acidic gases generated during the processing of composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials to products and equipment.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The upper end face of the support frame (1) is provided with an extrusion assembly (2). The extrusion assembly (2) includes a support seat (205) fixedly installed on the upper end face of the support frame (1). A barrel (204) is fixedly installed inside the support seat (205). An inner lining guide assembly (6) is provided inside the barrel (204). The inner lining guide assembly (6) includes an inner liner (601) fixed to the inner wall of the barrel (204). A spiral liquid guide groove (602) is opened on the inner wall of the inner liner (601). The inner liner (601) is provided with an extrusion screw (203) inside. An auxiliary scraping assembly (7) is provided on the outer wall of the extrusion screw (203). The auxiliary scraping assembly (7) includes a screw seat (702) fixedly installed on the extrusion screw (203). The screw seat (702) is fixed to the extrusion screw (203) by a fixing pin (701). A scraping rib (704) is installed on the upper end face of the screw seat (702).

2. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (2) also includes a drive motor (201) fixedly installed on the front end of the upper end of the support frame (1). The power output end of the drive motor (201) is connected to a reducer (202), and the power output end of the reducer (202) is connected to the power input end of the extrusion screw (203).

3. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the barrel (204) is fixedly connected to the main hopper (207), and a side feeder (208) fixedly connected to the barrel (204) is provided behind the main hopper (207). An extruder head (206) is detachably installed at the rear end of the barrel (204).

4. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the barrel (204) is provided with an exhaust assembly (4), which includes a first exhaust manifold (402), a second exhaust manifold (404) and a third exhaust manifold (406) fixedly installed on the upper end face. The first exhaust manifold (402), the second exhaust manifold (404) and the third exhaust manifold (406) are distributed from front to back.

5. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first vacuum control valve (403) is fixedly installed on the first exhaust manifold (402), a second vacuum control valve (405) is fixedly installed on the second exhaust manifold (404), and a third vacuum control valve (407) is fixedly installed on the third exhaust manifold (406).

6. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper ends of the first exhaust manifold (402), the second exhaust manifold (404) and the third exhaust manifold (406) are fixedly connected to a vacuum main pipe (401). The first exhaust manifold (402), the second exhaust manifold (404) and the third exhaust manifold (406) are interconnected with the barrel (204) through an anti-slip component (408). The barrel (204) is provided with an exhaust port (409) corresponding to the anti-slip component (408). The exhaust port (409) corresponds to the spiral liquid guide groove (602).

7. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end face of the barrel (204) is provided with a nitrogen filling protection component (5). The nitrogen filling protection component (5) includes three nitrogen filling manifolds (502) that are interconnected with the barrel (204). The input end of the nitrogen filling manifolds (502) is fixedly connected to a nitrogen filling main pipe (501).

8. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary scraping component (7) includes an assembly positioning groove (706) opened at the upper end of the inside of the spiral seat (702), and an elastic strip (703) is fixedly installed inside the assembly positioning groove (706).

9. The processing equipment for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The auxiliary scraping assembly (7) also includes multiple shearing blocks (705) fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the spiral seat (702), and a control system (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end face of the support frame (1).

10. A processing method for a processing apparatus for composite reinforced flame-retardant nylon material as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Extrusion Processing: The base material, reinforcing agent, flame retardant and other additives added to the barrel (204) are extruded through the drive motor (201), reducer (202) and extrusion screw (203); S2. Nitrogen Protection: Nitrogen is supplied to the inside of the barrel (204) through the nitrogen filling manifold (502). The nitrogen mixes with the acidic gas produced by the decomposition of the flame retardant, reducing the local acidic gas concentration. At the same time, the flow of nitrogen will form a "pneumatic effect". With the negative pressure of the multi-stage exhaust assembly (4), the acidic gas is pushed to the exhaust port 409 more quickly; S3. Spiral liquid guiding: The spiral liquid guiding groove (602) is spiral in shape and consistent with the screw rotation direction, conforming to the axial flow direction of the material, guiding the condensate to move towards the exhaust port (409) as the screw rotates. The pitch of the spiral liquid guiding groove (602) gradually decreases along the material flow direction, which can match the "gradient negative pressure" of the three-stage exhaust assembly (4). The reduced pitch enhances the condensate conveying power and adapts to the increasing negative pressure trend; S4, auxiliary sewage discharge: The extrusion screw (203) drives the elastic scraper (704) to rotate. The elastic scraper (704) dynamically cleans the spiral liquid guiding groove (602) by rotating; S5, Negative pressure collection: Nitrogen gas filling protection component (5) and three-stage exhaust component (4) "gradient negative pressure" form "positive pressure push + negative pressure traction" airflow circulation to achieve efficient discharge of acidic gas.

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