Tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses tire bladder-free vulcanization equipment which comprises a mold system, an internal nitrogen heating structure, a sealing mechanism and a tire blank pretreatment process which are cooperatively matched, a stable airtight vulcanization environment is constructed, tire vulcanization can be completed without a bladder, and a hydraulic push rod drives the sealing mechanism and cooperatively works with a spring assembly through a connecting rod. The upper and lower sealing structures are tightly attached to the two ends of the tire blank to form a closed vulcanization cavity together with the gas barrier film; high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the internal nitrogen heating structure, the nitrogen provides vulcanization pressure and heat in the closed cavity, the heat is transferred to the outer side of a tire blank through the pattern block of the outer mold, the upper mold and the lower mold, so that a cross-linking reaction of a tire blank rubber material is completed, and finally a qualified tire is formed. According to the vulcanization equipment, frequent replacement of capsules is not needed, the consumable purchase and manual operation and maintenance cost is reduced, meanwhile, the equipment downtime is shortened, and the productivity is improved; multiple sealing design and nitrogen pressure stable control are achieved, the gas barrier film and the sealing structure are matched with tire blanks of different specifications, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tire production equipment, and more specifically to tire bladder-free vulcanization equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Tire vulcanization is a core process determining the quality of finished tires. Current mainstream processes utilize a synergistic effect of an inner mold and an outer mold / tread block: superheated water or steam transfers heat and pressure through the inner mold and tread block, causing the rubber compound and vulcanizing agent to cross-link and react, forming a qualified tire after cooling. This process has significant drawbacks: First, the inner mold is prone to adhesive adhesion. When it comes into contact with the inner rubber compound of the tire blank, the rubber's stickiness, localized high temperatures, or bladder wear can cause the rubber to adhere to the bladder, leading to insufficient rubber, deformation, and a reduced finished product yield. Second, the bladder is a consumable with a lifespan of only 300-500 cycles, requiring frequent replacement, increasing procurement and labor costs, and reducing production capacity due to downtime. Therefore, a sealed structure is proposed to replace the inner mold, achieving non-adhesive adhesion and eliminating the need for replacement, ensuring vulcanization effectiveness while improving quality and reducing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing tire vulcanizing equipment, which relies on the inner mold of the bladder, resulting in adhesive sticking, frequent replacement, and high cost. It provides a bladder-free vulcanizing equipment that replaces the traditional bladder with an innovative airtight structure, achieving efficient and high-quality tire vulcanization.

[0004] This equipment, through the coordinated operation of a mold system, an internal nitrogen heating structure, a sealing mechanism, and a tire blank pretreatment process, creates a stable and airtight vulcanization environment, enabling tire vulcanization to be completed without a bladder. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The mold system includes a base, mold sleeve, upper ring, eight arch-shaped seats, eight tread blocks, and upper, lower, upper, and lower molds. The base and mold sleeve are compatible, separating when the mold is opened and fitting tightly when it is closed. The mold sleeve and upper ring are fixed by bolts, and the guide strips and friction-reducing plates on the outer wall respectively provide limiting guidance and friction reduction. The eight arch-shaped seats are distributed along the inner circumference of the mold sleeve. Both the mold sleeve and the arch-shaped seats have a 15° inclined surface. The mold sleeve slides along the inclined surface to drive the arch-shaped seats to move the tread blocks radially. The inner side of the tread blocks is engraved with tread patterns, which, together with the upper, lower, upper, and lower molds, define the external structure of the tire. During vulcanization, they fit tightly against the outer side of the tire blank, ensuring the accuracy of the tire's shape.

[0006] The internal nitrogen heating structure includes a central spindle, an upper clamping plate, an annular cylinder head, conduits, and sealing components. The upper clamping plate is fixed to the upper end of the central spindle, and a sealing ring seals the gap between the upper clamping plate and the upper mold. The annular cylinder head engages with the lower mold via toothed meshing, with a sealing ring A at the bottom sealing the meshing gap. The shaft end cap provides axial positioning, ensuring stable pressure and temperature. High-temperature, high-pressure nitrogen enters the annular cylinder head gas pipe channel through conduits and conduit interfaces, ultimately flowing into the vulcanizing machine's internal cavity. It replaces the bladder, providing the pressure and heat required for vulcanization, and a multi-seal design prevents nitrogen leakage.

[0007] The sealing mechanism, crucial for achieving capsule-free airtightness, includes a fixed hinge support, a rotatable slider, connecting rod A, connecting rod B, a connecting rod bracket, a spring assembly, upper and lower clamping plates, a hydraulic push rod, and upper and lower sealing structures. The upper sealing structure is vulcanized and bonded to the upper side of the upper clamping plate, and bolted to the spring top seat and hinge support on the lower side. The lower sealing structure is vulcanized and bonded to the lower side of the lower clamping plate, and bolted to the spring base and fixed hinge support on the upper side, and fixed to the output end of the hydraulic push rod. The guide sleeve of the spring top seat and the guide post of the spring base slide coaxially, with both ends of the spring housed within their fixing holes. The rotatable slider is pinned to the fixed hinge support, and the ends of connecting rods A and B pass through the slider's through holes, with the middle of the two connecting rods connected to the connecting rod bracket via a cross pin. When the mold is opened, the hydraulic push rod drives the lower clamping plate to move, and the connecting rod drives the upper and lower clamping plates to move closer together, which facilitates the placement of the tire blank and the removal of the finished tire. When the mold is closed, the hydraulic push rod stops working, and the compressed spring makes the upper and lower sealing structures fit tightly against the tire blank, forming a closed vulcanization cavity in conjunction with the tire blank pretreatment structure.

[0008] The pre-treatment structure of the tire blank consists of a gas-barrier film pre-attached to the inner wall of the tire blank. The material used is a composite film of poly(perfluoroalkoxyalkylene) (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), or silicone rubber. This film is chemically stable under vulcanization conditions of 150℃-250℃ and 1.5MPa-4MPa, maintaining excellent gas barrier properties, thermal conductivity, and tensile elasticity. It can tightly adhere to the upper and lower sealing structures to prevent gas from penetrating the tire blank, and can also withstand the heat of vulcanization, further enhancing the airtight effect in conjunction with the sealing mechanism. After inflation, the gas-barrier film adheres to the inner wall of the tire blank, allowing the vulcanization pressure to be fully applied to the tire blank through the film. The film is not inflated; it only serves a sealing function. The pre-treatment structure can also be replaced by an inner liner, i.e., an airtight layer. To increase sealing performance, the pre-treatment structure and the inner liner can also be used together. If the tire blank has an inner liner, the gas-barrier film is removed after vulcanization before use.

[0009] During vulcanization, the tire blank with the gas barrier film attached is first placed in the mold. When the mold is closed, the mold sleeve slides along the 15° inclined surface of the arch seat, causing the tread blocks to radially shrink and fit against the outside of the tire blank. The upper mold, lower mold, upper mold, and lower mold simultaneously define the tire shape. The hydraulic push rod drives the sealing mechanism, and through the coordinated work of the connecting rod and spring assembly, the upper and lower sealing structures fit tightly against both ends of the tire blank, forming a sealed vulcanization cavity together with the gas barrier film. The internal nitrogen heating structure introduces high-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, which provides vulcanization pressure and heat in the sealed cavity. The heat is transferred to the outside of the tire blank through the tread blocks of the outer mold and the upper and lower molds, so that the tire blank rubber material completes the cross-linking reaction and finally forms a qualified tire.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the airtight structure of "sealing mechanism + gas barrier film," the traditional bladder is completely eliminated, avoiding tire quality defects caused by bladder adhesion. Simultaneously, frequent bladder replacements are eliminated, reducing consumable procurement and labor maintenance costs, while also minimizing equipment downtime and increasing production capacity. The multi-seal design and stable nitrogen pressure control ensure a uniform vulcanization environment, resulting in full tire tread, structural stability, and improved finished product qualification rate. The gas barrier film and sealing structure are adaptable to different tire blank specifications, eliminating the need for bladder adjustments for specific tires, thus broadening its applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view (AA) of a tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The image shown is a partial enlarged view (B) of a tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The image shown is a partial enlarged view (C) of a tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The image shown is a partial enlarged view (D) of a tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view (AA) of a capsule-free vulcanizing machine in the mold-open state.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Base, 2-Mold sleeve, 3-Outer mold guide strip, 4-Outer mold friction reducing plate, 5-Patterned block, 6-Arch-shaped seat, 7-Tire structure, 8-Upper ring, 9-Upper cover plate, 10-Upper side mold, 11-Upper mold, 12-Upper clamping plate, 13-Central shaft, 14-Upper sealing structure, 15-Fixed hinge support, 16-Rotable slider, 17-Upper clamping plate, 18-Compression spring, 19-Guide sleeve, 20-Connecting rod A 21-Connecting rod B, 22-Guide post, 23-Lower side mold, 24-Lower mold, 25-Lower clamping plate, 26-Connecting rod bracket, 27-Sealing ring C, 28-Lower clamping plate, 29-Lower sealing structure, 30-Hydraulic push rod, 31-Ring seat cylinder head, 32-Conduit interface, 33-Conduit, 34-Shaft end cover, 35-Sealing ring A, 36-Sealing ring B, 37-Air pipe bushing, 38-Spring base, 39-Spring top seat. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, this invention relates to a tire bladder-free vulcanization equipment in the field of tire production technology. The equipment includes a mold system, an internal nitrogen heating structure, a sealing mechanism, and a tire blank pretreatment process.

[0021] like Figures 2-5 As shown, the mold system includes a base 1, a mold sleeve 2, an upper ring 8, eight bow-shaped seats 6, eight tread blocks 5, an upper mold 10, a lower mold 23, an upper mold 11, and a lower mold 24. The base 1 and the mold sleeve 2 separate when the mold is opened and fit tightly when the mold is closed. The mold sleeve 2 and the upper ring 8 are fixed by bolts. The outer mold guide strip 3 and the outer mold friction-reducing plate 4 on the outer side wall respectively realize the limiting guidance and friction reduction. The eight bow-shaped seats 6 are distributed along the inner circumference of the mold sleeve 2. Both the mold sleeve 2 and the bow-shaped seats 6 are provided with a 15° inclined surface. The mold sleeve 2 slides along the inclined surface to drive the bow-shaped seats 6 to drive the tread blocks 5 to move radially. The inner side of the tread blocks 5 is engraved with tread patterns. Together with the upper mold 10, the lower mold 23, the upper mold 11, and the lower mold 24, they define the external structure of the tire structure 7. During vulcanization, they fit tightly against the outer side of the tire blank to ensure the accuracy of the tire shape.

[0022] The internal nitrogen heating structure includes a central shaft 13, an upper clamping plate 12, an annular cylinder head 31, a conduit 33, and sealing components (including sealing rings A35, B36, C27, a gas pipe bushing 37, and a shaft end cap 34). The upper clamping plate 12 is fixed at the upper end of the central shaft 13, and a sealing ring C27 is provided between the upper clamping plate 12 and the upper mold 11 to seal the gap. The annular cylinder head 31 and the lower mold 24 are engaged by teeth, and the sealing ring A35 at the bottom seals the engagement gap. The shaft end cap 34 achieves axial positioning to ensure stable pressure and temperature. High-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen enters the gas pipe channel of the annular cylinder head 31 through the conduit 33 and the conduit interface 32. A gas pipe bushing 37 is installed at the conduit interface 32, and a sealing ring B36 is provided at the connection with the annular cylinder head 31. Finally, the nitrogen is introduced into the vulcanizing machine cavity to replace the capsule and provide the pressure and heat required for vulcanization. The multi-seal design prevents nitrogen leakage.

[0023] The sealing mechanism is crucial for achieving capsule-free airtightness and includes a fixed hinge support 15, a rotatable slider 16, connecting rod A20, connecting rod B21, connecting rod bracket 26, a spring assembly (including a compression spring 18, a spring top seat 39, a spring base 38, a guide sleeve 19, and a guide post 22), an upper clamping plate 17, a lower clamping plate 25, a hydraulic push rod 30, an upper sealing structure 14, and a lower sealing structure 29. The upper clamping plate 17 is bonded to the upper sealing structure 14 via a vulcanization process on its upper side, and is bolted to the spring top seat 39 and the fixed hinge support 15 on its lower side. The lower clamping plate 25 is bonded to the lower sealing structure 29 via a vulcanization process on its lower side and is fixed to the hydraulic push rod 30, while its upper side is bolted to the spring base 38 and the fixed hinge support 15. The guide sleeve 19 of the spring top seat 39 and the guide post 22 of the spring base 38 are coaxially slidingly fitted, and the two ends of the compression spring 18 are respectively housed in the fixing holes of the two; the rotatable slider 16 is pin connected to the fixed hinge support 15, and the two ends of the connecting rod A20 and connecting rod B21 pass through the through hole of the rotatable slider 16, and the middle of the two connecting rods are pin connected to the connecting rod bracket 26. During mold opening, the hydraulic push rod 30 drives the lower clamping plate 25 to move. Since the ends of connecting rods A20 and B21 are connected to the rotatable slider 16 via pins, the rotatable slider 16 rotates accordingly, causing the included angle between the two connecting rods to decrease. This ultimately brings the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower clamping plate 25 closer together, facilitating the placement of the tire blank and the removal of the finished tire. During mold closing, the hydraulic push rod 30 stops working, the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower clamping plate 25 return to their original positions, and the compression spring 18 pushes the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29 to tightly adhere to the tire blank, forming a sealed vulcanizing cavity in conjunction with the tire blank pretreatment structure. To achieve the coordinated construction of a sealed vulcanizing cavity by the upper and lower sealing structures and the pre-attached polymer gas-barrier film on the inner side of the tire blank, the outer diameter of the upper and lower sealing structures is designed to be larger than the diameter of the tire blank bead. Both the upper and lower sealing structures are made of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant rubber materials, which have excellent elastic recovery performance. During the placement of the tire blank, the upper and lower sealing structures undergo elastic bending under the compression of the tire blank. After the tire blank is accurately positioned, they return to their original shape under their own elastic recovery force, ensuring a tight fit with the end face and inner side of the high-molecular gas barrier film of the tire blank, thus ensuring the airtightness of the vulcanization cavity.

[0024] The specific steps for tire vulcanization without bladders are as follows:

[0025] First, a semi-finished tire blank is prepared on a traditional tire forming machine. The structure of the semi-finished tire blank includes an airtight layer, a cord layer, and a steel rim that are sequentially laminated. Then, a layer of polymer film is pre-coated on the inner wall of the semi-finished tire blank. This film needs to meet the characteristics of good airtightness, high temperature resistance (150-250℃), and high pressure resistance (1.5-4MPa). It is preferably made of polyperfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA) or fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) material, which is used to work with the sealing mechanism to form a closed vulcanization environment.

[0026] like Figure 6As shown, the hydraulic push rod 30 in the sealing mechanism is activated. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 30 pushes the lower clamping plate 25 to move upward along the axial direction. Since the lower clamping plate 25 is connected to the fixed hinge support 15 and the rotatable slider 16 by a pin, the upward movement of the lower clamping plate 25 causes the lower ends of connecting rod A20 and connecting rod B21 to move upward synchronously, causing the rotatable sliders 16 at both ends of connecting rod A20 and connecting rod B21 to rotate, and the included angle between the two connecting rods gradually decreases. At the same time, as the included angle between the two connecting rods decreases, the connecting rods drive the upper clamping plate 17 to move downward, causing the two clamping plates to move closer to the middle. After the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower clamping plate 25 have moved to the appropriate position, the hydraulic push rod 30 is stopped, and the pre-vulcanized semi-finished tire blank is placed stably in the area enclosed by the lower mold 24 and the lower side mold 23 of the vulcanizing machine.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic push rod 30 in the sealing mechanism is activated. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 30 is connected to the lower clamping plate 25, driving the lower clamping plate 25 to move upward along the central axis 13. Since the upper side of the lower clamping plate 25 is fixed with two fixed hinge supports 15 by bolts, and the fixed hinge supports 15 are connected to the rotatable slider 16 by a shaft pin, and the two ends of the connecting rods A20 and B21 pass through the through holes of the rotatable slider 16, the upward movement of the lower clamping plate 25 can drive the lower ends of the connecting rods A20 and B21 to move upward synchronously, thereby driving the rotatable slider 16 to rotate around its pivot with the fixed hinge supports 15, and causing the included angle between the connecting rods A20 and B21 to gradually decrease, thereby driving the upper clamping plate 17 to move downward along the central axis 13, and finally causing the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower clamping plate 25 to move closer to each other along the axial direction. After the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower clamping plate 25 have moved to the appropriate position, the hydraulic push rod 30 is stopped, and the semi-finished tire blank is placed stably in the bearing area enclosed by the lower mold 24 and the lower side mold 23 of the vulcanizing machine.

[0028] Keeping the base 1 stationary, the mold-closing hydraulic cylinder is activated. The mold-closing hydraulic cylinder outputs axial driving force, causing the upper cover plate 9 and the bow-shaped seat 6 fixed to the lower end face of the upper cover plate 9 to move synchronously downward along the axial direction. When the lower end face of the bow-shaped seat 6 is in contact with the upper end face of the base 1, the upper mold 11, lower mold 24, upper side mold 10, and lower side mold 23 gradually approach the blank as the bow-shaped seat 6 moves. Subsequently, the vulcanizing machine cover continues to drive the mold sleeve 2 to move downward along the axial direction. Since the inner side wall of the mold sleeve 2 and the outer side wall of the bow-shaped seat 6 are both provided with 15° inclined surfaces, and the outer mold guide strip 3 fixed to the outer side wall of the mold sleeve 2 slides in cooperation with the side wall of the pattern block 5, the downward movement of the mold sleeve 2 is converted into the radial inward movement of the bow-shaped seat 6 through the inclined surface transmission, thereby driving the pattern block 5 to synchronously contract radially along the guiding direction of the outer mold guide strip 3.

[0029] When the inner walls of the pattern block 5, upper mold 11, lower mold 24, upper side mold 10, and lower side mold 23 are in complete and tight contact with the outer surface of the blank, the hydraulic push rod 30 is activated to reverse the action, and the lower clamping plate 25 moves downward along the central axis 13. Since the upper side of the lower clamping plate 25 is fixed with a fixed hinge support 15 by bolts, the fixed hinge support 15 is connected to the rotatable slider 16 by a pin, and the lower ends of the connecting rods A20 and B21 pass through the through holes of the rotatable slider 16 (sliding). (In coordination), the two connecting rods are connected to the connecting rod bracket 26 by a cross pin in the middle. Therefore, the downward movement of the lower clamping plate 25 can drive the rotatable slider 16 to rotate around its pivot with the fixed hinge support 15, thereby gradually increasing the angle between connecting rod A20 and connecting rod B21. During this process, the connecting rod with the larger angle is driven by the rotatable slider 16 connected to the pin of the fixed hinge support 15 on the lower side of the upper clamping plate 17, which drives the upper clamping plate 17 to move upward along the central axis 13. After the hydraulic push rod 30 stops working, the compression spring 18, housed in the fixing holes of the spring top seat 39 and the spring base 38, releases its elastic preload, driving the upper sealing structure 14 (vulcanized connection on the upper side of the upper clamping plate 17) and the lower sealing structure 29 (vulcanized connection on the lower side of the lower clamping plate 25) to tightly adhere to the upper and lower end faces of the tire blank with a preset bonding pressure. Simultaneously, the high-molecular gas-barrier film pre-coated on the inner wall of the tire blank forms a synergistic seal with the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29, jointly constructing a vulcanized cavity that meets airtightness requirements. Figure 2 As shown.

[0030] High-temperature, high-pressure nitrogen gas is delivered to the vulcanizing machine via conduit 33. The nitrogen gas first passes through conduit interface 32, which is fitted with a gas pipe bushing 37. A sealing ring B36 is provided at the connection between conduit interface 32 and ring seat cylinder head 31 to effectively prevent nitrogen gas leakage at the interface. Subsequently, the nitrogen gas enters the internal gas pipe channel of ring seat cylinder head 31 and passes through the toothed meshing gap between ring seat cylinder head 31 and lower clamping plate 28 into the sealed vulcanizing cavity. The bottom of ring seat cylinder head 31 is provided with sealing ring A35 and shaft end cap 34 to ensure the overall rigidity and uniform stress of ring seat cylinder head 31, while maintaining the temperature and pressure stability in the vulcanizing cavity. In addition, a sealing ring C27 is provided between the mating surfaces of upper clamping plate 12 and upper mold 11 to further enhance the airtightness of the vulcanizing cavity, prevent nitrogen gas leakage from the top, and ensure that the tire blank undergoes sufficient rubber cross-linking reaction under high temperature and high pressure.

[0031] To improve sealing, sliding plates are added to the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower feed plate 25. During mold closing, the sliding plates move radially and press against the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29. When the mold is open, the diameter of the outer edge of the sliding plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper clamping plate 17 and the lower feed plate 25, facilitating the loading and unloading of the mold. When the mold is closed, the diameter of the outer edge of the sliding plate is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29. When the mold is closed, the sliding plate presses against a portion of the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29, thereby enabling the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29, together with the upper clamping plate 12, the lower clamping plate 28, the upper clamping plate 17, and the lower clamping plate 25, to form a sealed vulcanizing cavity. Under nitrogen pressure, the seal is more reliable.

[0032] After the vulcanization reaction is completed, the hydraulic push rod 30 is activated, causing its output end to push the lower clamping plate 25 to move upward along the axis. The upward movement of the lower clamping plate 25 drives the lower ends of connecting rod A20 and connecting rod B21 to move upward synchronously, reducing the included angle between them again. Then, through the transmission of the rotatable slider 16, the upper clamping plate 17 moves downward along the axis, and the upper sealing structure 14 and the lower sealing structure 29 disengage from the two end faces of the tire blank, unlocking the sealing state. The hydraulic cylinder for mold closing is activated in reverse, causing the upper cover plate 9 to lift upward along the axial direction. Simultaneously, the upper cover plate 9 drives the mold sleeve 2, the upper mold 11, and the upper side mold 10 to move upward. Due to the 15° inclined surface fit between the mold sleeve 2 and the bow-shaped seat 6, and the outer mold guide strip 3 guiding the radial movement of the bow-shaped seat 6, the upward movement of the mold sleeve 2 is converted into the radial outward movement of the bow-shaped seat 6 through the inclined surface transmission. This, in turn, drives the tread block 5 to expand radially synchronously along the guiding direction of the outer mold guide strip 3, so that the tread block 5 and the bow-shaped seat 6 completely detach from the outer surface of the tire structure 7, realizing the demolding action of the movable mold.

[0033] The drive mechanism of the central shaft 13 is started, which drives the central shaft 13 and the upper clamping plate 12 and lower clamping plate 28 fixed on it to move upward along the axis synchronously. The tire structure 7 moves upward along with the central mechanism. After the tire sidewall is completely separated from the area enclosed by the lower mold 24 and the lower side mold 23, the upward movement of the central shaft 13 is stopped. Then, the upper clamping plate 12 is controlled to move upward along the axis to widen the distance between the upper clamping plate 12 and the lower clamping plate 28. Finally, the vulcanized tire structure 7 is removed from the vulcanizing machine by a robotic arm or manually, completing the entire tire removal process.

Claims

1. A tire bladder-free vulcanization equipment, characterized in that, This includes the mold system, internal nitrogen heating structure, sealing mechanism, and blank pretreatment structure; The mold system includes a base, a mold sleeve, an upper ring, guide strips, a friction-reducing plate, eight arched seats, eight patterned blocks, an upper side mold, a lower side mold, an upper mold, and a lower mold. The base and mold sleeve are adapted to each other; they separate during the mold opening stage and fit tightly together during the mold closing stage. The mold sleeve and upper ring are detachably fixed together by bolts. The guide strip and friction-reducing plate are both fixed to the outer wall of the mold sleeve by bolts. The guide strip is used to limit and guide the movement of the mold sleeve, and the friction-reducing plate is used to reduce friction during the movement of the mold sleeve. The eight arched seats are distributed circumferentially within the mold sleeve, and both the inner wall of the mold sleeve and the outer wall of each arched seat have a 15° slope. The mold slides along the 15° inclined surface of the arch-shaped seat during the mold opening and closing stages; each arch-shaped seat is equipped with a corresponding pattern block, the arch-shaped seat and the pattern block are detachably fixedly connected by screws, and the pattern block contacts the guide strip of the outer mold and moves radially; the upper mold is detachably fixedly connected to the upper cover plate by bolts, and the lower mold is fixedly installed on the base; the outer side of the tire contacts the pattern block, the upper mold, the lower mold, the upper mold and the lower mold respectively during the vulcanization process, the inner sidewall of the pattern block is engraved with the tread pattern of the tire, and the upper mold, the lower mold, the upper mold and the lower mold together define the overall external structure of the tire after vulcanization; The internal nitrogen heating structure includes a central spindle, an upper clamping plate, an annular cylinder head, a guide tube, a guide tube interface, a gas pipe bushing, a sealing ring A, a sealing ring B, and a shaft end cap. The upper clamping plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the central spindle, and a sealing ring is clamped between the upper clamping plate and the upper mold to seal the gap between them. The annular cylinder head is a key component for the nitrogen inlet channel, and it is connected to the lower mold via a toothed structure. The bottom of the annular cylinder head is equipped with a sealing ring A and a shaft end cap. The sealing ring A seals the meshing gap between the annular cylinder head and the lower mold, and the shaft end cap axially positions the annular cylinder head to maintain stable temperature and pressure inside the vulcanizing machine. High-temperature, high-pressure nitrogen is input through the guide tube, guided through the guide tube interface, and enters the gas pipe channel of the annular cylinder head before flowing into the vulcanizing machine cavity. A gas pipe bushing is fitted at the guide tube interface, and a sealing ring B is provided at the connection between the guide tube interface and the annular cylinder head to prevent nitrogen leakage. The sealing mechanism includes a fixed hinge support, a rotatable slider, a connecting rod bracket, connecting rod A, connecting rod B, a spring top seat, a spring base, a spring, an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate, a hydraulic push rod, an upper sealing structure, and a lower sealing structure. The upper side of the upper clamping plate is bonded to the upper sealing structure via a vulcanization process, and its lower side is detachably fixed to the spring top seat and the fixed hinge support via bolts. The lower side of the lower clamping plate is bonded to the lower sealing structure via a vulcanization process, and the lower clamping plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic push rod. The upper side of the lower clamping plate is detachably fixed to the spring base and the fixed hinge support via bolts. A through hole is formed in the middle of the spring top seat, and a guide sleeve is fixedly embedded in the through hole. The guide sleeve is coaxially inserted into the spring. The middle of the spring base... A through hole is provided, and a guide post is fixedly embedded in the through hole. The guide post is coaxially inserted into the guide sleeve and slides axially with the guide sleeve. A fixing hole for positioning the spring is provided on the bottom surface of the spring top seat, and a fixing hole for positioning the spring is provided on the top surface of the spring base. One end of the spring is accommodated in the fixing hole of the spring top seat, and the other end is accommodated in the fixing hole of the spring base. The rotatable slider is connected to the fixed hinge support by a pin and can rotate around the pin. A through hole is provided on the rotatable slider. Both ends of the connecting rod A and both ends of the connecting rod B are inserted into the through hole of the rotatable slider. The connecting rods A and B are cross-connected to the connecting rod bracket by a pin at the middle position and can rotate relative to each other around the pin. The pretreatment structure of the tire blank is a layer of gas barrier film pre-attached to the inner wall of the tire blank.

2. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the gas barrier film includes polymeric materials or polymeric composite materials with good gas barrier properties, thermal conductivity, and tensile elasticity.

3. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polymer material is a poly(perfluoroalkoxy)alkane, a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polyphenyl sulfone, or silicone rubber.

4. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower sealing structures are made of elastic materials that have excellent anti-aging properties, high elastic recovery rate, and resistance to media corrosion under high temperature and high pressure.

5. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower sealing structures, made of elastic material, have an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the tire blank bead. The upper and lower sealing structures are well-fitted to the contact parts of the tire blank and can fit tightly with the tire blank in the mold-closed state. In turn, they work together with the upper and lower clamping plates and the upper and lower clamping plates to form a closed vulcanization cavity, thereby achieving stable maintenance of vulcanization pressure.

6. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sliding plate is added to the upper clamping plate and the lower feed plate. When the mold is closed, the sliding plate moves radially and presses against the upper sealing structure and the lower sealing structure. When the mold is opened, the diameter of the outer edge of the sliding plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper clamping plate and the lower feed plate. When the mold is closed, the diameter of the outer edge of the sliding plate is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the upper sealing structure and the lower sealing structure.

7. The tire bladder-free vulcanizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-treatment structure of the tire blank is replaced by an airtight layer inside the tire blank.

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