Unloading anti-blocking method without damaging bin wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of stock bin unloading, in particular to an unloading anti-blocking method without damaging a bin wall, which comprises the following steps of: 1, forming a horizontal hole in the outer wall of a stock bin above an unloading seat, installing a connecting sleeve and a vibration assembly connected with the connecting sleeve in the horizontal hole, and when particle materials stored in the stock bin need to be unloaded, opening the horizontal hole in the horizontal hole; the first motor on the discharging seat is started, and the first motor drives the discharging valve plate to rotate. By designing an internal vibration and external isolation type mechanical arch breaking system, the core is that exciting force of an external vibrator is accurately guided to spring flat steel in a bin through a rigid transmission rod, so that the spring flat steel generates effective swing to directly disturb and loosen materials. By means of the structure, directional transmission of vibration energy is ingeniously achieved, and meanwhile harmful vibration to the bin wall is isolated in an elastic suspension mode and the like. The violent impact damage of an air cannon is avoided, and the problem of fatigue cracking of a weld joint of the silo wall caused by high-frequency vibration of a wall vibrator is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of silo unloading, and in particular to a non-destructive unloading method to prevent blockage. Background Technology

[0002] In numerous industrial sectors such as mining, construction, and metallurgy, the storage and transfer of crushed stone, ore, and various granular materials are crucial for ensuring continuous production. Silos and hoppers, as core storage facilities in this process, directly impact the stability and economy of the entire production flow due to their unloading efficiency. These granular materials, especially ores rich in moisture and containing soil, frequently experience blockages during unloading after entering silos or hoppers, influenced by both the material's inherent characteristics and environmental factors. This has become a common problem hindering industrial production.

[0003] When granular materials are stored in silos, the internal friction and adhesion between particles, as well as the friction between the material and the silo wall, easily form stable arched structures. Simultaneously, some material may adhere firmly to the silo wall surface due to humidity, viscosity, and other factors. The occurrence of arching and wall adhesion directly obstructs the material flow channel, significantly reducing the unloading speed. In severe cases, it can completely block the unloading port, forcing production to stop. Traditionally, unloading is restored by manually entering the silo or clearing the blockage from outside. To replace this dangerous manual clearing, the industry has gradually developed various mechanical or pneumatic clearing technologies. Among these, air cannons for breaking arches and vibrating wall devices are widely used, but both have significant drawbacks. While air cannons can break up material arches by releasing high-pressure gas instantaneously, which can remove blockages to some extent, the high-pressure airflow has a very strong impact on the silo wall. Long-term use can cause fatigue damage and local deformation of the silo wall steel plates. This is especially true for welded silos, where it can exacerbate stress concentration in the welds and shorten the service life of the storage facilities. Therefore, this application aims to solve the problem that particulate materials in silos are prone to arching and sticking to the walls, causing blockages. Manual unblocking is risky, and while mechanical methods such as air cannons can break up arches, their impact can damage the silo wall and shorten the life of the facilities. This application proposes a non-destructive unloading and anti-blockage method for silo walls. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problem that granular materials are prone to forming material arches and sticking to the walls due to internal friction and adhesion when stored in silos, leading to poor unloading or even complete blockage, and the high risk of sudden material collapse and poor safety of traditional manual unblocking, the industry has promoted mechanical unblocking technologies such as air cannons. However, these technologies rely on instantaneous high-pressure gas impact, which can easily lead to fatigue of the silo wall steel plates and stress concentration in welds with long-term use, thus shortening the life of the facilities.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a non-destructive unloading anti-clogging method for silo walls, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Open a horizontal hole on the outer wall of the hopper above the unloading seat, and install a connecting sleeve and a vibration component connected to the connecting sleeve in the horizontal hole. When it is necessary to unload the granular material stored in the hopper, turn on the first motor on the unloading seat. The first motor drives the unloading valve plate to rotate, so that the granular material stored in the hopper is discharged through the unloading seat in sequence under the action of gravity.

[0007] Step 2: At this time, the material drop detector located at the bottom of the unloading seat makes a judgment. If the material drop detector detects that no material is being dropped or that there is too little material, the vibration component is activated. The vibration component transmits the vibration to the spring flat steel suspended on the inner wall of the hopper. Through the diffusion of the vibration force, the material around the spring flat steel is loosened and the arching is broken, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of hanging on the wall. In this way, the flowability of the material is enhanced through the transmission of vibration, thereby eliminating the problem of material blockage.

[0008] Step 3: If the material feeding detector detects that the material feeding is normal, turn off the vibration component to stop the vibration phenomenon in the hopper.

[0009] Preferably, the length of the spring flat steel is greater than 1.5m, the thickness of the spring flat steel is set to 6-18mm, the width is set to 70-120mm, the thickness of the spring flat steel gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the spring flat steel is trapezoidal, and its width gradually decreases downward, and rounded corners are provided at the two corners of the bottom end face.

[0010] Preferably, the vibration assembly includes a vibration force transmission rod connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. One end of the vibration force transmission rod is in contact with a spring flat steel, and the other end of the vibration force transmission rod is connected to a universal joint. One end face of the universal joint is connected to a first connecting plate. The vibration force transmission rod portion located outside the hopper and the connecting sleeve are both fitted with rubber sleeves.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration assembly further includes an electric push rod connected to one end face of the first connecting plate, a second connecting plate connected to the electric push rod, a guide rod connected to one end face of the second connecting plate, the guide rod being slidably connected to the first connecting plate, and a vibration motor connected to the other end face of the second connecting plate.

[0012] A non-destructive unloading anti-blocking device for silo walls, employing the aforementioned non-destructive unloading anti-blocking method for silo walls, includes a fixing plate connected to a vibrating motor, a steel wire rope connected to the fixing plate, a fixing ball connected to one end of the steel wire rope, a connecting plate connected to the fixing ball, and the line connecting the suspension point of the steel wire rope and the center of gravity of the vibrating motor being perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating plate is connected to the connecting plate, a connecting block is provided inside the rotating plate, the connecting block is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, and a mounting plate is connected to the upper end face of the connecting block.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom end face of the mounting plate is connected to a connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected to a second motor, the output shaft of the second motor passes through the connecting block and is connected to the rotating plate, and the mounting plate is connected to a support rib.

[0015] Preferably, a connecting hinge is connected to the spring flat steel, one end of the connecting hinge is connected to the hopper, a fixing block is connected to one end face of the spring flat steel, a counterweight seat is connected to one end face of the fixing block, a spacer is connected inside the counterweight seat, and a counterweight block is provided inside the counterweight seat.

[0016] Preferably, a fixed bracket is connected to the outer surface of the hopper, and the bottom end face of the fixed bracket is lower than the bottom end face of the unloading seat.

[0017] A connecting ring connects the hopper and the unloading seat.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention designs an "internal vibration, external isolation" mechanical arch-breaking system. Its core lies in using a rigid transmission rod to precisely guide the excitation force of an external vibrator to a spring-loaded flat steel bar inside the silo, causing it to oscillate effectively and directly disturb and loosen the material. This structure cleverly achieves the directional transmission of vibrational energy while isolating harmful vibrations to the silo wall through elastic suspension and other methods. Compared to traditional methods, it avoids the severe impact damage of air cannons and eliminates the fatigue cracking problem of silo wall welds caused by high-frequency vibration of the wall vibrator. While efficiently breaking arches, it significantly improves the safety of equipment operation and the structural durability of the silo.

[0020] By setting the bottom end of the spring flat steel to a trapezoidal shape and gradually reducing its width downwards, the stress distribution can be made more uniform to a certain extent, reducing the maximum stress value at the root. At the same time, the rounded corner transition can also greatly eliminate stress concentration points, thereby extending the service life of the entire spring flat steel.

[0021] By using universal joints, radial and angular misalignment and sway are absorbed, making force transmission more centered and filtering out some high-frequency vibrations. This allows the main energy to be concentrated in the effective low-frequency range, while also buffering the impact during start-up and shutdown. This solves the problem that a rigid connection between the vibrator and the transmission rod would transmit all frequencies of vibration and radial sway to the rod and flat steel. The suspended installation structure achieves mechanical decoupling and directional energy transmission. By isolating the vibrator from the silo wall that needs protection and cutting off the transmission path of harmful vibrations to the silo structure through flexible suspension, the fatigue cracking problem of the silo wall caused by traditional rigid connections is fundamentally eliminated. At the same time, this structure forces the vibration energy to be concentrated through the "dedicated channel" of the rigid transmission rod, acting precisely and efficiently on the arch-breaking components inside the silo, greatly improving the vibration utilization rate. In addition, the suspended installation method is also easier to debug and maintain, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the entire system while ensuring the arch-breaking performance.

[0022] By setting different numbers of counterweights, the natural frequency of the vibration system can be changed, making it far away from the excitation frequency of the vibrator. This avoids resonance, significantly reduces the stress amplitude of key parts of the spring flat steel, and extends its fatigue life. At the same time, the counterweights can optimize the vibration mode of the spring flat steel, causing it to oscillate with a larger amplitude and a lower frequency. In addition, the counterweights also give the system a certain degree of on-site adjustability, which can be fine-tuned according to changes in material humidity, particle size, etc., so that the arch-breaking operation always remains in a highly efficient state. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a control schematic of Embodiment 1 of the unloading anti-blocking method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the operation of Embodiment 1 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the hopper in Embodiment 1 of the unloading anti-blocking method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the unloading seat of Embodiment 1 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the connecting ring in Embodiment 1 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the counterweight seat in Embodiment 2 of the unloading anti-blocking method of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the mounting plate of Embodiment 2 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structure of the universal joint in Embodiment 2 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the fixed ball in Embodiment 2 of the unloading anti-clogging method of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Hopper; 4. Material drop detector; 301. Unloading seat; 302. Unloading valve plate; 303. First motor; 304. Connecting ring; 501. Spring flat steel; 502. Connecting hinge; 503. Fixed block; 504. Counterweight seat; 505. Spacer; 506. Counterweight block; 601. Connecting sleeve; 602. Vibration force transmission rod; 603. Universal joint; 604. First connecting plate; 605. Electric push rod; 606. Second connecting plate; 607. Guide rod; 608. Vibration motor; 701. Fixed plate; 702. Steel wire rope; 703. Fixed ball; 704. Connecting plate; 705. Rotating plate; 706. Connecting block; 707. Connecting plate; 708. Second motor; 709. Mounting plate; 710. Support rib plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A non-destructive unloading and anti-clogging method for silo walls. Based on... Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Open a horizontal hole on the outer wall of the hopper 2 above the unloading seat 301, and install a connecting sleeve 601 and a vibration component connected to the connecting sleeve 601 in the horizontal hole. When it is necessary to unload the granular material stored in the hopper 2, the first motor 303 on the unloading seat 301 is turned on. The first motor 303 drives the unloading valve plate 302 to rotate, so that the granular material stored in the hopper 2 is discharged through the unloading seat 301 in sequence under the action of gravity.

[0037] Step 2: At this time, the material dropping detector 4 located at the bottom end of the unloading seat 301 makes a judgment. If the material dropping detector 4 detects that no material is being dropped or that there is too little material, the vibration component is activated. The vibration component transmits the vibration to the spring flat steel 501 suspended on the inner wall of the hopper 2. Through the diffusion of the vibration force, the material around the spring flat steel 501 is loosened and the arching is broken, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of hanging on the wall. In this way, the flowability of the material is enhanced through the transmission of vibration, thereby eliminating the problem of material blockage.

[0038] Step 3: If the material dropping detector 4 detects that the material dropping is normal, turn off the vibration component to stop the vibration phenomenon in the hopper 2.

[0039] The first motor 303 is generally a stepper motor of model 17HS08-1004S. The vibration component can be arranged symmetrically as in this embodiment, or it can be installed on four sides.

[0040] This invention designs an "internal vibration, external isolation" mechanical arch-breaking system. Its core lies in using a rigid transmission rod to precisely guide the excitation force of an external vibrator to a spring-loaded flat steel bar inside the silo, causing it to oscillate effectively and directly disturb and loosen the material. This structure cleverly achieves the directional transmission of vibrational energy while isolating harmful vibrations to the silo wall through elastic suspension and other methods. Compared to traditional methods, it avoids the severe impact damage of air cannons and eliminates the fatigue cracking problem of silo wall welds caused by high-frequency vibration of the wall vibrator. While efficiently breaking arches, it significantly improves the safety of equipment operation and the structural durability of the silo.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Based on Example 1, to address the issue that the spring flat steel 501, as the component with the highest stress concentration, is prone to metal fatigue or even fracture under continuous high-frequency vibration due to material impact, friction, and its own reciprocating bending, which could lead to breakage and potential clogging or equipment damage after fracture, this example provides the following... Figures 6-9 The improved structure shown;

[0043] Unlike Example 1, the length of the spring flat steel 501 is greater than 1.5m, the thickness of the spring flat steel 501 is set to 6-18mm, the width is set to 70-120mm, the thickness of the spring flat steel 501 gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the spring flat steel 501 is trapezoidal, and its width gradually decreases downward, and rounded corners are provided at the two corners of the bottom end face.

[0044] By setting the bottom end of the spring flat steel 501 to a trapezoidal shape and gradually reducing its width downwards, the stress distribution can be made more uniform to a certain extent, reducing the maximum stress value at the root. At the same time, the rounded corner transition can also greatly eliminate stress concentration points, thereby extending the service life of the entire spring flat steel 501.

[0045] Furthermore, the vibration assembly includes a vibration force transmission rod 602 connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 601. One end of the vibration force transmission rod 602 is in contact with the spring flat steel 501, and the other end of the vibration force transmission rod 602 is connected to a universal joint 603. One end face of the universal joint 603 is connected to the first connecting plate 604. The part of the vibration force transmission rod 602 located outside the hopper 2 and the connecting sleeve 601 are both fitted with rubber sleeves.

[0046] The universal joint 603 absorbs radial and angular misalignment and sway, making force transmission more centered and filtering out some high-frequency vibrations, allowing the main energy to be concentrated in the effective low-frequency range. It can also buffer the impact during start-up and shutdown, thus solving the problem that a rigid connection between the vibrator and the transmission rod would transmit all frequencies of vibration and radial sway to the rod and flat steel.

[0047] Furthermore, the vibration assembly also includes an electric push rod 605 connected to one end face of the first connecting plate 604, a second connecting plate 606 connected to the electric push rod 605, a guide rod 607 connected to one end face of the second connecting plate 606, the guide rod 607 being slidably connected to the first connecting plate 604, and a vibration motor 608 connected to the other end face of the second connecting plate 606.

[0048] A non-destructive unloading anti-blocking device for silo walls includes a fixing plate 701 connected to a vibrating motor 608, a steel wire rope 702 connected to the fixing plate 701, a fixing ball 703 connected to one end of the steel wire rope 702, a connecting plate 704 connected to the fixing ball 703, and the line connecting the suspension point of the steel wire rope 702 and the center of gravity of the vibrating motor 608 is set to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0049] The suspended installation structure achieves mechanical decoupling and directional energy transfer. By isolating the vibrator from the silo wall to be protected and cutting off the transmission path of harmful vibrations to the silo structure through flexible suspension, the fatigue cracking problem of the silo wall caused by traditional rigid connections is fundamentally eliminated. At the same time, the structure forces the vibration energy to be concentrated through the "dedicated channel" of the rigid transmission rod, which acts precisely and efficiently on the arch-breaking components inside the silo, greatly improving the vibration utilization rate. In addition, the suspended installation method is also easier to debug and maintain, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the entire system while ensuring the arch-breaking efficiency.

[0050] Furthermore, a rotating piece 705 is connected to the connecting piece 704, and a connecting block 706 is provided inside the rotating piece 705. The connecting block 706 is rotatably connected to the rotating piece 705, and a mounting plate 709 is connected to the upper end face of the connecting block 706.

[0051] Furthermore, a connecting plate 707 is connected to the bottom end face of the mounting plate 709, a second motor 708 is connected to the connecting plate 707, the output shaft of the second motor 708 passes through the connecting block 706 and is connected to the rotating plate 705, and a support rib plate 710 is connected to the mounting plate 709.

[0052] Among them, the first motor 303 is generally a stepper motor of model 17HS08-1004S used in conjunction with it;

[0053] The second motor 708 drives the rotating plate 705 to rotate, which absorbs most of the horizontal vibration of the suspension structure suspended at the lower end of the connecting plate 704, making energy transfer more efficient and causing less interference to the silo wall.

[0054] Furthermore, a connecting hinge 502 is connected to the spring flat steel 501, one end of the connecting hinge 502 is connected to the hopper 2, a fixing block 503 is connected to one side end face of the spring flat steel 501, a counterweight seat 504 is connected to one side end face of the fixing block 503, a spacer 505 is connected inside the counterweight seat 504, and a counterweight block 506 is provided inside the counterweight seat 504.

[0055] By setting different numbers of counterweights 506, the natural frequency of the vibration system can be changed, making it far away from the excitation frequency of the vibrator. This avoids resonance, significantly reduces the stress amplitude of key parts of the spring flat steel, and extends its fatigue life. At the same time, the counterweights can optimize the vibration mode of the spring flat steel, causing it to oscillate with a larger amplitude and a lower frequency. In addition, the counterweights also give the system a certain degree of on-site adjustability, which can be finely adjusted according to changes in material humidity, particle size, etc., so that the arch-breaking operation always remains in a high-efficiency state.

[0056] Furthermore, a fixed bracket 1 is connected to the outer surface of the hopper 2, and the bottom end of the fixed bracket 1 is lower than the bottom end of the unloading seat 301.

[0057] A connecting ring 304 connects the hopper 2 and the unloading seat 301.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-destructive unloading and anti-clogging method for silo walls, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Open a horizontal hole on the outer wall of the hopper (2) above the unloading seat (301), and install a connecting sleeve (601) and a vibration component connected to the connecting sleeve (601) in the horizontal hole. When it is necessary to unload the granular material stored in the hopper (2), turn on the first motor (303) on the unloading seat (301). The first motor (303) drives the unloading valve plate (302) to rotate, so that the granular material stored in the hopper (2) is discharged through the unloading seat (301) in sequence under the action of gravity. Step 2: At this time, the material drop detector (4) located at the bottom end of the unloading seat (301) is used to make a judgment. If the material drop detector (4) detects that no material is dropped or the material drop is small, the vibration component is turned on. The vibration component transmits the vibration to the spring flat steel (501) suspended on the inner wall of the hopper (2). Through the diffusion of the vibration force, the material around the spring flat steel (501) is loosened and the arch is broken, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of hanging on the wall. In this way, the flowability of the material is enhanced by the transmission of vibration, thereby eliminating the problem of material blockage. Step 3: If the material dropping detector (4) detects that the material dropping is normal, turn off the vibration component to stop the vibration phenomenon in the hopper (2).

2. The unloading anti-blocking method for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the spring flat steel (501) is greater than 1.5m, the thickness of the spring flat steel (501) is set to 6-18mm, the width is set to 70-120mm, the thickness of the spring flat steel (501) gradually increases from top to bottom, the bottom end of the spring flat steel (501) is trapezoidal, and its width gradually decreases downward, and rounded corners are provided at the two corners of the bottom end face.

3. The unloading anti-blocking method for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration assembly includes a vibration force transmission rod (602) connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (601). One end of the vibration force transmission rod (602) is in contact with the spring flat steel (501), and the other end of the vibration force transmission rod (602) is connected to a universal joint (603). One end face of the universal joint (603) is connected to a first connecting plate (604). The vibration force transmission rod (602) located outside the hopper (2) and the connecting sleeve (601) are both fitted with rubber sleeves.

4. The unloading anti-blocking method for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration assembly also includes an electric push rod (605) connected to one end face of the first connecting plate (604), a second connecting plate (606) connected to the electric push rod (605), a guide rod (607) connected to one end face of the second connecting plate (606), the guide rod (607) being slidably connected to the first connecting plate (604), and a vibration motor (608) connected to the other end face of the second connecting plate (606).

5. A non-destructive unloading anti-blocking device for silo walls, characterized in that: The non-destructive unloading anti-blocking method for the silo wall as described in claim 4 includes a fixing plate (701) connected to a vibrating motor (608), a steel wire rope (702) connected to the fixing plate (701), a fixing ball (703) connected to one end of the steel wire rope (702), a connecting plate (704) connected to the fixing ball (703), and the line connecting the suspension point of the steel wire rope (702) and the center of gravity of the vibrating motor (608) is set to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

6. The unloading anti-blocking device for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating plate (705) is connected to the connecting plate (704), and a connecting block (706) is provided inside the rotating plate (705). The connecting block (706) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (705), and an mounting plate (709) is connected to the upper end face of the connecting block (706).

7. The unloading anti-blocking device for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end face of the mounting plate (709) is connected to a connecting plate (707), and a second motor (708) is connected to the connecting plate (707). The output shaft of the second motor (708) passes through the connecting block (706) and is connected to the rotating plate (705). A support rib plate (710) is connected to the mounting plate (709).

8. The unloading anti-blocking device for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting hinge (502) is connected to the spring flat steel (501). One end of the connecting hinge (502) is connected to the hopper (2). A fixing block (503) is connected to one side end face of the spring flat steel (501). A counterweight seat (504) is connected to one side end face of the fixing block (503). A spacer (505) is connected inside the counterweight seat (504). A counterweight block (506) is provided inside the counterweight seat (504).

9. The unloading anti-blocking device for non-destructive silo wall as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A fixed bracket (1) is connected to the outer surface of the hopper (2), and the bottom end face of the fixed bracket (1) is lower than the bottom end face of the unloading seat (301). A connecting ring (304) is connected between the hopper (2) and the unloading seat (301).

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