An apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials and a method of preparing the same

Abstract

The present application relates to earthworm raw material production technology field, specifically, it is a kind of equipment and preparation method for preparing fertilizer using earthworm raw material, including the turning equipment for the turning of residual material in breeding bed and new rotten feed, turning equipment at least includes connecting frame and moving part, the lower surface of connecting frame is provided with hydraulic cylinder, in the equipment and preparation method for preparing fertilizer using earthworm raw material, the flexible material and hole of turning blade can buffer the impact force on residual earthworm when turning residual material and new rotten feed, reduce extrusion injury, improve the survival rate of residual earthworm;While the running parameters of the conveying belt, the turning shaft, the smooth material of the discharging plate and the guide plate are adapted, the material can be stably conveyed and uniformly mixed, the structure of the material is avoided to be damaged, the suitable habitat and feeding environment for residual earthworm is maintained, the breeding and manure collection cycle continuity is guaranteed, and the production efficiency and economic benefit of organic fertilizer are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earthworm raw material production, in particular to an equipment for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in the production process of preparing organic fertilizer by using earthworm raw material, the material in the breeding bed often needs to be turned over to ensure the air permeability of the earthworm growth environment, and new feed is supplemented after the earthworm manure is harvested to maintain the breeding cycle. The related turning and throwing operations are mostly completed by traditional turning and throwing equipment. The patent for utility model with publication number CN212640316U proposes a turning and throwing machine for organic fertilizer, which turns and throws the compost material through a mechanical structure, which can increase the contact area of the material and air, and to a certain extent, promote the composting efficiency of the material, and is suitable for the material treatment scene in the production of conventional organic fertilizer.

[0003] However, using traditional turning and throwing equipment to process the material in the earthworm breeding bed can achieve material turning and aeration to a certain extent, but in the context of the coexistence of material and residual earthworms in the earthworm breeding bed, there are still some deficiencies, which can easily cause excessive extrusion of residual earthworms in the breeding bed during the turning process, not only reducing the survival rate of residual earthworms, causing earthworm resource loss, but also damaging the original loose structure of the material, affecting the habitat and feeding environment of the earthworms, and thus reducing the growth and reproduction efficiency of the earthworms, and hindering the continuous cycle of breeding and manure collection, thereby reducing the production efficiency and economic benefits of the whole earthworm raw material preparation of organic fertilizer.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an equipment for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw material and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an equipment for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw material and a preparation method thereof, which turns over the remaining material in the breeding bed by using a flexible turning and throwing equipment, supplements new compost feed, avoids excessive extrusion of residual earthworms, and enables residual earthworms to continue to grow and reproduce in the breeding bed, realizes the cycle of breeding and manure collection, and solves the problems raised in the background art, that is: When the traditional turning and throwing equipment processes the material in the earthworm breeding bed, it is easy to extrude the residual earthworms, which reduces the survival rate of the earthworms, damages the habitat environment, hinders the breeding and manure collection cycle, and reduces the production efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides an equipment for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw materials, which comprises a turning equipment for turning over the remaining material and new rotten feed in the breeding bed, wherein the turning equipment comprises a connecting frame and a moving part, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the lower surface of the connecting frame, an installation frame is arranged on the end of the piston rod inside the hydraulic cylinder, and a turning part for turning over the remaining material and new rotten feed is arranged on one side below the installation frame. An opening is arranged above the turning part, a conveying belt is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the installation frame away from the turning part, a shovel plate for shoveling the remaining material in the breeding bed is arranged inside the conveying belt away from the turning part, and a filler part for storing the new rotten feed is arranged above the turning part.

[0007] In the above technical solution, since the remaining earthworms coexist when the remaining material and new rotten feed in the breeding bed are turned over, the turning part comprises a turning shell, a feeding port and a discharging port, a turning shaft is arranged inside the turning shell, turning leaves are arranged on the outer wall of the turning shaft, a discharging plate is arranged at the bottom of the turning shell, and the feeding port and the discharging port are both inclined. The turning leaves are spiral-shaped, and a plurality of holes are arranged on the turning leaves, which can reserve space for the earthworms to move, reduce the wrapping and hindering of the earthworms during the turning operation, and avoid extrusion damage caused by rigid contact when the turning leaves away from the turning shaft are made of one of food-grade silica gel, nitrile rubber or flexible polyethylene, which has the characteristics of high elasticity and low hardness, can buffer the impact force by deforming itself when contacting the remaining earthworms, and can further reduce the damage to the earthworms caused by the turning operation. On this basis, in order to increase the uniformity of the remaining material in the breeding bed and the new rotten feed mixing, therefore, the filler piece at least includes a material storage shell and a filler port, an opening below the material storage shell is provided with a material guide plate for assisting the filling of new rotten feed, and a side of the material guide plate below the filler port is provided with a control valve; the control valve at least includes a connecting rod, a side of the connecting rod close to the filler port is provided with a gas cylinder, an end of a piston rod inside the gas cylinder is provided with a sealing plate, and a side of the filler port away from the sealing plate is provided with a sealing groove for plug-in cooperation with the sealing plate; the opening of the filler port is located directly above the feeding port, so that the newly filled new rotten feed covers the material, and the uniformity of the material and the new rotten feed mixing is increased; the discharging plate and the material guide plate are both in the shape of a right-angled triangle, and the hypotenuse is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene material; the surface of such material has high smoothness and low friction coefficient, can reduce the adhesion of the new rotten feed to the surface of the plate body, prevent the feed from being accumulated during the conveying process, and make the feed smoothly fall to participate in the mixing.

[0008] Further, in order to adapt the operation parameters of each component of the turning and throwing equipment to the material processing scene of the earthworm breeding bed, to make the turning and conveying cooperate and not damage the earthworms, the conveying speed of the conveying belt is 0.2-0.5 m / s, which can stably convey the remaining material and avoid the residual earthworms being extruded due to too fast conveying; the adding speed of the filler port to the new rotten feed is 0.15-0.4 m3 / h, which matches the conveying amount of the conveying belt to ensure the balanced mixing ratio; the stirring speed of the turning shaft is 15-30 r / min, which, in combination with the flexible turning and throwing blades, can realize sufficient turning and stirring of the material while reducing the wrapping and impact on the residual earthworms.

[0009] Secondly, according to Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the application provides a preparation method for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw materials, which includes the following steps: S1, breeding site and substrate preparation: selecting an area with high terrain, good drainage and ventilation and shade, planning the site according to the slope of 3-5°, building a breeding bed with a width of 1.2-1.5 m and a bed spacing of 80-100 cm; laying 10-15 cm thick gravel or coarse sand as a drainage layer at the bottom of the breeding bed, covering degradable non-woven fabric on the top, and then filling 20-30 cm thick fermented and rotten organic substrate, which is mixed and fermented by 50-60% livestock and poultry manure, 30-40% crop straw and 5-10% fish meal and bone meal; S2, earthworm release and daily breeding management: selecting Taiping No. 2 or Daping No. 2 earthworm varieties and uniformly releasing them into the organic substrate in the breeding bed; during the breeding period, adding 5-8 cm thick new rotten feed on the surface of the breeding bed every 10-15 days, and at the same time, controlling the breeding environment temperature at 15-25℃ and the humidity at 60-80% through shading net, spraying or covering straw, regularly detecting and adjusting the pH value of the substrate to 6.5-7.5, and preventing pests and diseases. S3, earthworm manure collection and residual material treatment: when the surface material of the breeding bed is mostly transformed into black-brown granular earthworm manure, and the earthworms migrate to the new feed layer, the surface earthworm manure is gently scraped by a scraper; after scraping is completed, the remaining material in the breeding bed is turned over by using a low-speed and low-damage turning equipment, over-pressing of the residual earthworms is avoided by using the flexible turning equipment, and new mature feed is supplemented during the turning process, so that the residual earthworms can continue to grow and reproduce in the breeding bed, and the circulation of breeding and manure collection is realized; S4, earthworm manure post-treatment and fertilizer forming: the collected earthworm manure is transferred to a ventilated site and spread out for airing, after the water content is reduced to below 30%, impurities are removed by screening, and then crushing or granulation is performed, to obtain earthworm manure fertilizer meeting the standard of organic fertilizer.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: In the device and method for preparing fertilizer from earthworm raw materials, the flexible material and holes of the turning blade can buffer the impact force on the residual earthworms during the turning of the remaining material and the new mature feed, reduce the extrusion damage, and improve the survival rate of the residual earthworms; at the same time, the matching conveying belt, turning shaft operation parameters, and smooth material of the discharge plate and the material guide plate can stably convey and uniformly mix the material, avoid damage to the structure of the material, maintain a suitable habitat and feeding environment for the residual earthworms, ensure the continuity of the breeding and manure collection cycle, and improve the production efficiency and economic benefit of organic fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structure diagram of the turning equipment of the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structure diagram of the discharge side of the turning equipment of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of the feeding side of the turning equipment of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structure diagram of the feeding side of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structure diagram of the turning piece of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a structure diagram of the turning piece and the filler piece of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a structure diagram of the filler piece of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the preparation method of the present application for preparing fertilizer from earthworm raw materials.

[0012] The meanings of the various reference numbers in the drawings are as follows: 10, connecting frame; 11, moving piece; 12, hydraulic cylinder; 13, mounting frame; 14, conveying belt; 15, scraper plate; 20, turning element; 21, turning shell; 22, feeding port; 23, discharging port; 24, turning shaft; 25, turning blade; 26, discharging plate; 30, filling element; 31, storage shell; 32, filling port; 33, guide plate; 34, control valve; 341, connecting rod; 342, air cylinder; 343, sealing plate; 344, sealing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] Currently, earthworms and breeding materials are simultaneously turned over. Although the traditional turning equipment can realize material turning and aeration, it has disadvantages in the breeding scene where both exist. The turning process easily over-presses the remaining earthworms, which not only reduces the survival rate of earthworms and causes resource loss, but also destroys the loose structure of the material, affects the habitat and feeding of earthworms, and further reduces the growth and reproduction efficiency of earthworms, resulting in blocked breeding and manure collection cycles, and finally reduces the overall production efficiency and economic benefits of earthworm raw material preparation of organic fertilizer.

[0015] When implemented, Please refer to Figures 1-8 The present embodiment aims to provide an equipment for preparing fertilizer by using earthworm raw materials, which comprises a turning equipment for turning over the remaining material in the breeding bed and the new rotten feed, the turning equipment at least comprising a connecting frame 10 and a moving element 11, the lower surface of the connecting frame 10 being provided with a hydraulic cylinder 12, the end of the piston rod inside the hydraulic cylinder 12 being provided with a mounting frame 13, one side below the mounting frame 13 being provided with a turning element 20 for turning over the remaining material and the new rotten feed. An opening above the turning element 20 is provided with a conveyor belt 14, one side of the conveyor belt 14 away from the turning element 20 being fixedly connected to the lower side of the mounting frame 13, the inside of the one side of the conveyor belt 14 away from the turning element 20 being provided with a shovel plate 15 for shoveling the remaining material in the breeding bed, and the upper side of the turning element 20 being provided with a filling element 30 for storing the new rotten feed.

[0016] According to Figures 1-6As shown, since the remaining earthworms will coexist when the remaining material in the breeding bed is mixed with the new rotten feed, in order to improve the survival rate of the remaining earthworms, the specific structure of the turning piece 20 is disclosed, which at least includes a turning shell 21, a feeding port 22 and a discharging port 23, the inside of the turning shell 21 is provided with a turning shaft 24, the outer wall of the turning shaft 24 is provided with a turning blade 25, the bottom of the inside of the turning shell 21 is provided with a discharging plate 26, the feeding port 22 and the discharging port 23 are both inclined, and the like Figure 6 ; the turning blade 25 is spiral-shaped, and the turning blade 25 is provided with a plurality of holes, which can reserve space for earthworms to move, reduce the wrapping and hindering of earthworms during the turning process, and the end of the turning blade 25 away from the turning shaft 24 is made of one of food-grade silica gel, nitrile rubber or flexible polyethylene, which has the characteristics of high elasticity and low hardness, and can buffer the impact force when contacting the remaining earthworms, avoiding the extrusion damage caused by rigid contact; at the same time, this material has wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties, and can adapt to the humid and organic matter-containing environment in the breeding bed, further reducing the damage of the turning operation to earthworms; Connect the motor to the power supply to make it work, rotate the motor output shaft counterclockwise, and drive the turning shaft 24 to rotate, at this time, the spiral-shaped and hole-containing turning blade 25 mixes the material and the new rotten feed, the flexible end part buffers the contact force with the remaining earthworms by deforming itself, and the holes also reserve space for the earthworms to move, and finally the uniformly mixed material is laid back to the breeding bed through the discharging plate 26 from the discharging port 23, realizing the dual effect of material mixing and protecting the remaining earthworms, while realizing uniform mixing of the material and reducing the extrusion damage to the remaining earthworms.

[0017] According to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in order to increase the uniformity of the mixing of the remaining material in the breeding bed and the new rotten feed, the specific structure of the filler piece 30 is disclosed, which at least includes a storage shell 31 and a filler port 32, the opening below the storage shell 31 is provided with a material guiding plate 33 for assisting the filling of the new rotten feed, and the side of the material guiding plate 33 close to the filler port 32 is provided with a control valve 34; the control valve 34 at least includes a connecting rod 341, the side of the connecting rod 341 close to the filler port 32 is provided with a gas cylinder 342, the end of the piston rod inside the gas cylinder 342 is provided with a sealing plate 343, and the side of the filler port 32 away from the sealing plate 343 is provided with a sealing groove 344 for plug-in cooperation with the sealing plate 343; the opening of the filler port 32 is located directly above the feeding port 22 as Figure 6The newly filled and newly rotten feed covers the material to increase the uniformity of the mixing of the material and the newly rotten feed; the discharge plate 26 and the material guiding plate 33 are both in the shape of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene material. Such material has high smoothness and low friction coefficient, which can reduce the adhesion of the newly rotten feed to the surface of the plate body, prevent the accumulation of the feed during the conveying process, and make the feed fall smoothly to participate in the mixing. First, the air cylinder 342 is powered to work, and the sealing plate 343 is inserted and matched with the sealing groove 344 through the working of the piston rod inside the air cylinder 342. Then, the cover plate above the storage shell 31 is opened, and the newly rotten feed is poured in. After pouring, the cover plate is closed. When it is necessary to add newly rotten feed to the turning-over device 20, the piston rod inside the air cylinder 342 is controlled to reset, driving the sealing plate 343 to disconnect from the sealing groove 344. The newly rotten feed in the storage shell 31 flows out from the filling port 32 along the inclined surface of the material guiding plate 33 and enters the feeding port 22 of the turning-over shell 21, together with the remaining material in the breeding bed, to avoid uneven mixing caused by residual feed accumulation. When the remaining material in the breeding bed is conveyed, the sealing plate 343 is inserted and matched with the sealing groove 344 through the working of the piston rod inside the air cylinder 342 to seal the filling port 32. This not only simplifies the operation, but also controls the timing and amount of newly rotten feed addition, avoids waste caused by early or excessive feeding, and ensures that the newly rotten feed and the remaining material enter the turning-over device 20 at the same time, further improving the uniformity of their mixing and providing a stable and high-quality habitat and feeding environment for the residual earthworms.

[0018] The shovel plate 15 is in the shape of a trapezoid, and the small opening end is above the conveying belt 14 to prevent the material from entering the inside of the conveying belt 14 during the conveying of the remaining material, affecting the normal work of the conveying belt 14.

[0019] In order to adapt the operating parameters of the turning-over equipment to the material processing scene of the earthworm breeding bed, coordinate the turning and conveying, and not damage the earthworms, the conveying speed of the conveying belt 14 is 0.2-0.5 m / s, which can stably convey the remaining material and avoid the residual earthworms being squeezed due to too fast conveying. The adding speed of the filling port 32 for the newly rotten feed is 0.15-0.4 m3 / h, which matches the conveying amount of the conveying belt 14 to ensure the balanced mixing ratio. The stirring speed of the turning-over shaft 24 is 15-30 r / min, which, combined with the flexible turning-over blade 25, can fully turn and mix the material while reducing the wrapping and impact on the residual earthworms.

[0020] As shown above, the working principle of the present scheme is as follows: first, the air cylinder 342 is connected to the power supply to work, through the working of the piston rod inside the air cylinder 342, the sealing plate 343 is inserted and matched with the sealing groove 344, then the cover plate above the storage shell 31 is opened, and the new rotten feed is poured, and after pouring, the cover plate is closed; then, the moving device is moved above the breeding bed, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected to the power supply to work, through the downward pushing work of the piston rod inside the hydraulic cylinder 12, the shovel plate 15 is moved to the inside of the breeding bed, at this time, the moving part 11, the conveying belt 14 and the motor (the motor drives the rotating shaft 24 to rotate) are opened, through the movement of the moving part 11, the remaining material is conveyed along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 14 to the feeding port 22 of the turning device 20, at the same time, the piston rod inside the air cylinder 342 is reset to drive the sealing plate 343 and the sealing groove 344 to disconnect, the new rotten feed in the storage shell 31 flows out from the filling port 32 along the inclined surface of the guide plate 33 and enters the feeding port 22 of the turning device 20, and the remaining material in the breeding bed enters the inside of the turning shell 21 together, then, the motor output shaft rotates counterclockwise and drives the rotating shaft 24 to rotate, at this time, the spiral turning blade 25 with holes stirs the material and the new rotten feed, and the uniformly mixed material is laid back to the breeding bed from the discharge port 23 through the discharge plate 26, that is, the cooperative operation of the remaining material turning and the new feed supplementing is completed.

[0021] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for preparing fertilizer using earthworms as raw materials, characterized in that, The application relates to a composting bed, which comprises a turning device for turning over the remaining material and new rotten feed in the composting bed, wherein the turning device at least comprises a connecting frame (10) and a moving piece (11), the lower surface of the connecting frame (10) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (12), the end of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder (12) is provided with a mounting frame (13), one side below the mounting frame (13) is provided with a turning piece (20) for turning over the remaining material and new rotten feed; an opening above the turning piece (20) is provided with a conveying belt (14), one side of the conveying belt (14) away from the turning piece (20) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the mounting frame (13), the inside of the conveying belt (14) away from the turning piece (20) is provided with a shovel plate (15) for shoveling the remaining material in the composting bed, and the upper surface of the turning piece (20) is provided with a filling piece (30) for storing the new rotten feed.

2. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 1, characterized by: The turning piece (20) at least comprises a turning shell (21), a feeding port (22) and a discharging port (23), the inside of the turning shell (21) is provided with a turning shaft (24), the outer wall of the turning shaft (24) is provided with a turning blade (25), the bottom of the inside of the turning shell (21) is provided with a discharging plate (26), and the feeding port (22) and the discharging port (23) are both in an inclined shape.

3. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 2, characterized by: The turning blade (25) is in a spiral shape, a plurality of holes are formed in the turning blade (25), and one end of the turning blade (25) away from the turning shaft (24) is made of one of food-grade silica gel, nitrile rubber and flexible polyethylene.

4. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 2, characterized by: The filling piece (30) at least comprises a storage shell (31) and a filling port (32), an opening below the storage shell (31) is provided with a guide plate (33) for assisting in filling the new rotten feed, and one side below the guide plate (33) close to the filling port (32) is provided with a control valve (34).

5. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 4, characterized by: The control valve (34) at least comprises a connecting rod (341), one side of the connecting rod (341) close to the filling port (32) is provided with a gas cylinder (342), the end of the piston rod in the gas cylinder (342) is provided with a sealing plate (343), and one side of the inside of the filling port (32) away from the sealing plate (343) is provided with a sealing groove (344) for plug-in cooperation with the sealing plate (343).

6. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 4, characterized by: The opening of the filling port (32) is located directly above the feeding port (22).

7. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 4, characterized by: The discharging plate (26) and the guide plate (33) are both in a right-angled triangle shape, and the hypotenuse is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene material.

8. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 1, characterized by: The shovel plate (15) is in a trapezoidal shape, and the opening end is located above the conveying belt (14).

9. The apparatus for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw materials according to claim 1, characterized by: The conveying speed of the conveying belt (14) is 0.2-0.5 m / s; the adding speed of the filler (32) to the new rotten feed is 0.15-0.4 m 3 / h; the stirring speed of the turning-over shaft (24) is 15-30 r / min.

10. A method for preparing a fertilizer using earthworm raw material, characterized by: The application further discloses a composting method, which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting an area with high terrain, good drainage and ventilation and cool shade, building a composting bed, laying broken stones or coarse sand as a drainage layer at the bottom of the composting bed, covering the drainage layer with degradable non-woven fabric, and then filling fermented and rotten organic substrates; S2, uniformly placing earthworm seeds into the organic substrates in the composting bed, and breeding in an environment with a temperature of 15-25 DEG C, a humidity of 60-80%, and a pH value of 6.5-7.5, wherein new rotten feed is added once every 10-15 days during the breeding. S3, when the surface material of the breeding bed is transformed into black-brown granular worm castings, and the earthworms migrate to the new feed layer, the earthworm castings are lightly scraped with a scraper, after scraping, the turning equipment of any one of claims 1-9 is used for turning and mixing, and new mature feed is supplemented at the same time, so that the residual earthworms can continue to grow and reproduce in the breeding bed; S4, the harvested earthworm castings are ventilated and dried until the moisture content is less than 30%, impurities are screened out, and then crushed or granulated to obtain organic fertilizer.

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