Brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar base fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides alginate oligosaccharide rice biochar base fertilizer. The alginate oligosaccharide rice biochar base fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 260 to 280 parts of urea, 90 to 120 parts of ammonium chloride, 140 to 160 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 175 to 190 parts of potassium chloride, 1.5 to 5 parts of trace elements, 100 to 125 parts of biochar, 73.5 to 78.5 parts of a soil modifier, 0.1 to 0.15 part of alginate oligosaccharide and 0.5 to 1 part of an alginate oligosaccharide modifier. The invention also provides a preparation method of the alginate oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer. The soil conditioner also contains the soil modifier and the alginate oligosaccharide modifier, so that the pH value of soil is controlled to the optimal activity range of alginate oligosaccharide, and meanwhile, the particles can also adsorb part of alginate oligosaccharide and reduce the agglomeration phenomenon during dissolution, so that the alginate oligosaccharide can be better dispersed in the soil. Sulfur ions in the sulfur powder and carboxyl in the biochar can form a slow-release compound, so that the biochar is prevented from being lost too fast, the biochar can better play a role in slowly releasing a carrier, and meanwhile, the alginate oligosaccharide is also assisted to be combined at the root of a plant to promote the alginate oligosaccharide to better play a role.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biochar-based fertilizer, in particular to a brown algal oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rice is one of the three major cereal crops in the world, and more than 50% of the world's population relies on rice as their main food. It is also the main food of more than 60% of the population in China, and its planting area and yield account for 25.8% and 31.7% of the total planting area and total yield of grain in China, respectively. Improving the yield of rice is very important for ensuring the food security of China. The use of fertilizers in China has been at a high level in the world, resulting in low nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate. The reason is that in the actual production process, fertilizers are blindly applied, and the nutrients absorbed by crops are limited, and the soil is increasingly hardened, acidified, and salinized. How to promote sustainable agricultural development and promote the development of safe, high-quality, and environmentally friendly fertilizers is the core of the problem.

[0003] As a large agricultural country, China produces a large amount of agricultural and forestry waste every year, which is mainly derived from by-products generated during agricultural production and processing, such as straw, sawdust, and shrub branches. In recent years, research on the synthesis of biochar from agricultural and forestry waste has attracted widespread attention from scholars. Converting agricultural and forestry waste into biochar and applying it to the field of environmental pollution control can quickly eliminate agricultural and forestry waste and realize the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste, which is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of carbon emission and resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste.

[0004] Biochar has good characteristics in terms of physical and chemical properties. Biochar is a difficult-to-dissolve, stable, and highly aromatic black fluffy solid material. It has strong adsorption capacity due to its rich surface active functional groups, high porosity, and large specific surface area, and has a slow release effect. Slow-release fertilizers have a slow effect on seedling emergence in the early stage.

[0005] Brown algal oligosaccharide is an oligosaccharide obtained by degrading alginate, which can promote seed germination and make the root system of seedlings develop and the plant healthy. In order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer while ensuring its effect, the development of a brown algal oligosaccharide biochar-based fertilizer is an important research field of new fertilizers, which is very important for the quality improvement and crop safety of fertilizers.

[0006] Currently, technical solutions combining biochar and algal oligosaccharides have been implemented. For example, Chinese invention patent application number CN202310159896.7 proposes a method for preparing biochar-based fertilizer, including the following steps: S1, weighing raw materials according to the following weight ratio: ammonium sulfate 65-95 parts, monoammonium phosphate 160-195 parts, dry ammonia 70-130 parts, urea 280-320 parts, potassium chloride 120-140 parts, boric acid 15-20 parts, magnesium sulfate monohydrate 15-20 parts, bentonite 46.7-51.7 parts, The mixture consists of 8-10 parts beneficial bacteria, 120-125 parts biochar, and 0.2-0.3 parts alginic oligosaccharide. S2: Add monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate, dry ammonia, and potassium chloride to a mixing tank. Steam is added to the material at 70-80℃, and the mixture is thoroughly mixed. S3: The material obtained in S2 is introduced into the mixing tank of a granulator along with biochar, boric acid, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, alginic oligosaccharide, and bentonite. Urea is then added to the mixing tank for further granulation. S4: The mixture is then sieved and cooled. The beneficial bacteria are coated with a coating oil to obtain biochar-based fertilizer.

[0007] However, in the aforementioned technologies, biochar and fucoidan oligosaccharides can only be used independently, essentially representing a stacking of different components without effective synergistic action between them. This results in fucoidan oligosaccharides failing to effectively address issues such as decreased activity due to soil pH imbalances and their tendency to clump together, hindering their timely effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer and its preparation method. This invention solves the problems in existing technologies, such as the lack of synergy among the components, which leads to decreased activity of brown algae oligosaccharides due to soil pH imbalance, and the tendency of the fertilizer to clump together, making it difficult to take effect in a timely manner.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer comprises the following components by weight fraction: 260-280 parts urea, 90-120 parts ammonium chloride, 140-160 parts monoammonium phosphate, 175-190 parts potassium chloride, 1.5-5 parts trace elements, 100-125 parts biochar, 73.5-78.5 parts soil modifier, 0.1-0.15 parts brown algae oligosaccharide, and 0.5-1 parts brown algae oligosaccharide modifier; Wherein, N is calculated as N element, P as P2O5, and K as K2O, the weight ratio of N, P, and K elements in the brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer is (17-18):(7-8):(11-12).

[0010] Preferably, the urea has a nitrogen content of 46%, the ammonium chloride has a nitrogen content of 25.3%, the monoammonium phosphate has a phosphorus content of 58%, and the potassium chloride has a potassium content of 60%.

[0011] Preferably, the trace elements include zinc sulfate monohydrate, silicon, calcium, magnesium, or a mixture thereof.

[0012] Preferably, the soil modifier includes calcium hydroxide or humic acid.

[0013] Preferably, the brown algae oligosaccharide modifier comprises a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder.

[0014] Secondly, a method for preparing a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer includes the following steps: S1. Weigh out all raw materials except biochar and soil modifier according to the proportion, and put them into the mixer to mix evenly; S2. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator, water is added for one granulation, and the granules are formed to be processed. S3. Mix biochar and soil modifier evenly, and feed them into a disc granulator at the same time as the granules to be processed formed in the first granulation. Add water and use the core of the granules to be processed in the first granulation to perform a second granulation to obtain fertilizer granules.

[0015] Furthermore, in the primary granulation process, a disc with a diameter of 1-1.5m is used, the rotation speed is controlled at 20-25r / min, and the moisture content of the raw material is 20-25%.

[0016] Furthermore, in the secondary granulation process, a disc with a diameter of 2-2.5m is used, the rotation speed is controlled at 10-15r / min, and the moisture content of the raw material is 15-20%.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Based on the growth characteristics of rice and its nutrient absorption patterns, this invention comprehensively considers the problems of high nitrogen loss rate and phosphorus nutrient fixation caused by high temperature and heavy rainfall in the south, and optimizes the compound fertilizer formula and nutrient ratio to meet the nutrient requirements of rice throughout its entire growth period.

[0018] 2. Based on the effects of trace elements on rice and the current status of trace element content in the soil, this invention specifically adds trace elements zinc and silicon, which enhances the synergistic effect of trace elements and macroelements, participates in chlorophyll formation, makes the plants stronger, less prone to lodging, increases the seed setting rate, and improves yield.

[0019] 3. This invention adds brown algae oligosaccharides, which promote plant growth, significantly increase the content of intracellular hormones (such as indolebutyric acid), break seed dormancy and promote germination, seedling growth and rooting; inhibit plant pathogens and improve the plant's disease resistance.

[0020] 4. The brown algae oligosaccharide biochar-based rice fertilizer of this invention incorporates biochar, which is alkaline and increases the pH value of acidic soils by improving soil base saturation and consuming soil protons. Biochar has a certain water absorption capacity, especially oxidized biochar, which can improve soil water holding capacity. Biochar has high adsorption capacity, soil cation exchange capacity, and chemical reactivity. Biochar can serve as a slow-release fertilizer carrier, delaying the release of fertilizer nutrients into the soil, reducing nutrient loss and fixation, and improving fertilizer nutrient utilization. The porous structure and water and fertilizer adsorption properties of biochar make it a favorable habitat for soil microorganisms, providing protection for beneficial soil microorganisms. In summary, biochar is used for agricultural soil improvement and fertilization, improving fertilizer utilization, promoting sustainable soil use, and increasing crop yield and quality. Furthermore, biochar is mostly derived from agricultural waste, forestry waste, and livestock waste, enabling full utilization of resources. This helps to build a low-carbon, circular, sustainable, and efficient agricultural and rural economic development model, which is of great significance for ensuring soil health and food security.

[0021] 5. This invention also includes a soil modifier, which adjusts the soil pH by adding calcium hydroxide or humic acid, controlling the soil pH value to 6.0-7.5 (the optimal range for the activity of fucoidan oligosaccharides). At the same time, the particles can also adsorb some fucoidan oligosaccharides, reducing the aggregation phenomenon during dissolution, and allowing fucoidan oligosaccharides to be better dispersed in the soil.

[0022] 6. The present invention also includes a brown algae oligosaccharide modifier comprising a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder. The porous structure of diatomaceous earth allows small particles of brown algae oligosaccharides to enter, thereby forming a porous encapsulation structure, making it difficult for the brown algae oligosaccharides to agglomerate and clump together, thus promoting the circulation and dispersion of the brown algae oligosaccharides. The sulfur ions in the sulfur powder can form a slow-release complex with the carboxyl groups in the biochar, preventing the biochar from being lost too quickly and allowing it to better act as a slow-release carrier. At the same time, it also helps the brown algae oligosaccharides bind to the plant roots, promoting their better performance. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: This embodiment of a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer includes the following components by weight fraction: 260 parts urea, 90 parts ammonium chloride, 140 parts monoammonium phosphate, 175 parts potassium chloride, 1.5 parts trace elements, 100 parts biochar, 73.5 parts soil modifier, 0.1 parts brown algae oligosaccharide, and 0.5 parts brown algae oligosaccharide modifier.

[0025] Preferably, the trace element is zinc sulfate monohydrate. The soil modifier is calcium hydroxide. The alginic oligosaccharide modifier is a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder in equal proportions.

[0026] In this embodiment, a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer is prepared using the following method: S1. Weigh out all raw materials except biochar and soil modifier according to the proportion, and put them into the mixer to mix evenly; S2. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator, water is added for primary granulation. The primary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 1m, the rotation speed is controlled at 20r / min, the moisture content of the raw materials is 20%, and the granules to be processed are formed. S3. Mix biochar and soil modifier evenly, and feed them into a disc granulator at the same time as the granules to be processed formed in the first granulation. Add water and use the granules to be processed in the first granulation as the core for secondary granulation. The secondary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 2m, controls the rotation speed at 10r / min, and the raw material moisture content at 15% to obtain fertilizer granules.

[0027] Example 2: The brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer in this embodiment includes the following components by weight fraction: 270 parts urea, 105 parts ammonium chloride, 150 parts monoammonium phosphate, 180 parts potassium chloride, 3 parts trace elements, 110 parts biochar, 76.5 parts soil modifier, 0.12 parts brown algae oligosaccharide, and 0.8 parts brown algae oligosaccharide modifier.

[0028] Preferably, the trace elements are silicon, calcium, and magnesium. The soil modifier is humic acid. The algal oligosaccharide modifier is a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder in equal proportions.

[0029] In this embodiment, a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer is prepared using the following method: S1. Weigh out all raw materials except biochar and soil modifier according to the proportion, and put them into the mixer to mix evenly; S2. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator, water is added for primary granulation. The primary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 1.25m, the rotation speed is controlled at 22r / min, the moisture content of the raw materials is 22%, and the granules to be processed are formed. S3. Mix biochar and soil modifier evenly, and feed them into a disc granulator at the same time as the granules to be processed formed in the first granulation. Add water and use the granules to be processed in the first granulation as the core for secondary granulation. The secondary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 2.25m, controls the rotation speed at 12r / min, and the raw material moisture content at 18% to obtain fertilizer granules.

[0030] Example 3: This embodiment of a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer includes the following components by weight fraction: 2280 parts urea, 120 parts ammonium chloride, 160 parts monoammonium phosphate, 190 parts potassium chloride, 15 parts trace elements, 125 parts biochar, 78.5 parts soil modifier, 0.15 parts brown algae oligosaccharide, and 1 part brown algae oligosaccharide modifier.

[0031] Preferably, the trace element is a mixture of zinc sulfate monohydrate, silicon, calcium, and magnesium in equal proportions. The soil modifier is calcium hydroxide. The alginic oligosaccharide modifier is a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder in equal proportions.

[0032] In this embodiment, a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer is prepared using the following method: S1. Weigh out all raw materials except biochar and soil modifier according to the proportion, and put them into the mixer to mix evenly; S2. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator, water is added for primary granulation. The primary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 1.5m, the rotation speed is controlled at 25r / min, the moisture content of the raw materials is 25%, and the granules to be processed are formed. S3. Mix biochar and soil modifier evenly, and feed them into a disc granulator at the same time as the granules to be processed formed in the first granulation. Add water and use the granules to be processed in the first granulation as the core for secondary granulation. The secondary granulation uses a disc with a diameter of 2.5m, controls the rotation speed at 15r / min, and the raw material moisture content at 20% to obtain fertilizer granules.

[0033] Comparative Example 1: The raw materials in this comparative example do not contain trace elements, and the rest of the formula and preparation method are the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Comparative Example 2: The raw materials in this comparative example do not contain soil modifiers, and the remaining formulations and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 3: The raw materials in this comparative example do not contain the brown algae oligosaccharide modifier, and the rest of the formulation and preparation method are the same as in Example 1.

[0036] The fertilizer products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were compared experimentally. The experimental method was a field fertilization comparison of equal areas, using a randomized block design. There were 7 treatments, with 3 replicates per treatment, for a total of 21 plots. Each plot was 20m long and 5m wide, with protective rows around it. To prevent water and fertilizer cross-contamination between plots, field ridges were constructed between plots and between plots and protective rows, and mulched with plastic film. Each plot was fertilized individually and managed normally. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1 As can be seen from Table 1, the effective panicles, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, thousand-grain weight and yield of Examples 1-3 are all better than those of Comparative Examples 1-3, which fully demonstrates the technical efficacy of the trace elements, soil modifiers and brown algae oligosaccharide modifiers added in this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes the following components by weight fraction: urea 260-280 parts, ammonium chloride 90-120 parts, monoammonium phosphate 140-160 parts, potassium chloride 175-190 parts, trace elements 1.5-5 parts, biochar 100-125 parts, soil modifier 73.5-78.5 parts, fucoidan 0.1-0.15 parts, and fucoidan modifier 0.5-1 parts; Wherein, N is calculated as N element, P as P2O5, and K as K2O, the weight ratio of N, P, and K elements in the brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer is (17-18):(7-8):(11-12).

2. The brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The urea has a nitrogen content of 46%, the ammonium chloride has a nitrogen content of 25.3%, the monoammonium phosphate has a phosphorus content of 58%, and the potassium chloride has a potassium content of 60%.

3. The brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The trace elements include zinc sulfate monohydrate, silicon, calcium, magnesium, or a mixture of both.

4. The brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil modifier includes calcium hydroxide or humic acid.

5. The brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The brown algae oligosaccharide modifier comprises a mixture of diatomaceous earth and sulfur powder.

6. A method for preparing a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Weigh out all raw materials except biochar and soil modifier according to the proportion, and put them into the mixer to mix evenly; S2. The mixed raw materials are fed into a disc granulator, water is added for one granulation, and the granules are formed to be processed. S3. Mix biochar and soil modifier evenly, and feed them into a disc granulator at the same time as the granules to be processed formed in the first granulation. Add water and use the core of the granules to be processed in the first granulation to perform a second granulation to obtain fertilizer granules.

7. The method for preparing a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In the primary granulation process, a disc with a diameter of 1-1.5m is used, the rotation speed is controlled at 20-25r / min, and the moisture content of the raw material is 20-25%.

8. The method for preparing a brown algae oligosaccharide rice biochar-based fertilizer as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In the secondary granulation process, a disc with a diameter of 2-2.5m is used, the rotation speed is controlled at 10-15r / min, and the moisture content of the raw material is 15-20%.

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