Low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive and preparation method of low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase explosive

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for an emulsion explosive and a preparation method of the emulsion explosive, and relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, and the low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for the emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of composite wax, 30-40 parts of a composite emulsifier and 5-10 parts of low-temperature-improved special oil for the emulsion explosive. The low-temperature improved special oil for the emulsion explosive consists of base oil and a pour point depressant, wherein the addition amount of the pour point depressant is 1-3% of the mass of the base oil; the pour point depressant is composed of tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-olefine acid benzyl ester copolymer and an organic silicon pour point depressant according to the mass ratio of 2: (1-4). The emulsion explosive prepared by the invention has excellent low temperature resistance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of emulsion explosive, in particular to a low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive and a preparation method of the explosive. BACKGROUND

[0002] Emulsion explosive is a multi-phase dispersion system, and its essence is water-in-oil emulsion explosive. The main components are ammonium nitrate (AN), sodium nitrate (SN), etc., and a composite oil phase composed of hydrocarbons, which wraps fine oxidant salt aqueous solution droplets to form a "small pool". The oil phase serves as a combustible agent to provide the fuel required for explosion.

[0003] Through chemical foaming or physical addition (such as glass microspheres), tiny bubbles are introduced as "hot spots" to generate high temperature under adiabatic compression when detonated, thereby triggering detonation. This unique structure makes it have the advantages of strong water resistance, high detonation sensitivity, good blasting performance, and low mechanical sensitivity, and has become the leading variety of civilian explosives.

[0004] The composite oil phase is not simply a "fuel oil", it is the core of emulsion explosive and its function is crucial: it tightly wraps the oxidant droplets, which is the fundamental reason for its excellent water resistance. As a combustible agent participating in the detonation reaction, its ratio directly affects the oxygen balance and explosion performance of the explosive. A suitable oil phase can reduce the interfacial tension, help form and stabilize the W / O structure, and prevent demulsification and crystallization. The composition of the oil phase directly determines the viscosity, film forming property, mechanical strength and low temperature resistance of the explosive. A stable oil phase matrix can fix the sensitized bubbles and maintain the detonation sensitivity of the explosive. Therefore, the design of the oil phase formula is the core of emulsion explosive technology.

[0005] Although emulsion explosive has excellent performance, low temperature environment (especially-35℃ and below) will have a devastating impact on its performance, which is a technical problem that needs to be solved in northern China, high altitude areas and winter construction. The challenges brought by low temperature mainly include:

[0006] (1) Oil phase solidification and embrittlement: components such as paraffin and ceresin in the conventional oil phase will solidify and crystallize at low temperature, causing the entire emulsion matrix to lose flexibility and become hard and brittle. When subjected to bending, collision or vibration during transportation, handling or loading, cracks are easily produced, damaging the integrity of the emulsion structure.

[0007] (2) Viscosity increases sharply: the viscosity of the oil phase increases exponentially as the temperature decreases, making the emulsion matrix extremely viscous or even losing its flowability. This not only brings difficulties to the production pump, but also makes the uphole charging operation of the on-site mixing and loading vehicle impossible.

[0008] (3) Sensitized bubble escape or failure: the embrittled oil phase matrix cannot effectively fix the sensitized bubble, and the bubble is easy to combine and escape, resulting in increased density of the explosive, decreased sensitivity, and even failure to explode. SUMMARY

[0009] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, the present application provides a low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive and a preparation method of the explosive, thereby improving the low-temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive.

[0010] The low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of composite wax, 30-40 parts of composite emulsifier, and 5-10 parts of low-temperature-improved special oil for emulsion explosive.

[0011] The low-temperature-improved special oil for emulsion explosive is composed of base oil and a pour point depressant, and the addition amount of the pour point depressant is 1-3% of the mass of the base oil.

[0012] The pour point depressant is composed of methytridecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer and an organic silicon pour point depressant in a mass ratio of 2:1-4.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the methytridecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is as follows: methytridecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester are dissolved in toluene under an inert atmosphere, and benzoyl peroxide is added for reaction, and after reaction, washing and drying, the methytridecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is obtained.

[0014] Preferably, the molar ratio of methytridecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester is 1:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5; the reaction temperature is 100-120℃, and the reaction time is 4-8h.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the organic silicon pour point depressant is as follows:

[0016] S1: reacting nano-silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and stearic acid in an ethanol aqueous solution to obtain an intermediate product;

[0017] S2: reacting the intermediate product with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in toluene to obtain the organic silicon pour point depressant.

[0018] Preferably, in S1, the silane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloyloxy propyl trimethoxysilane; the mass ratio of nano-silicon dioxide, the silane coupling agent and stearic acid is 100:4-8:5-15; the reaction temperature is 70-80℃, and the reaction time is 1-5h.

[0019] The mass ratio of the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in S2 is 2:1-4; the reaction temperature is 75-85℃, and the reaction time is 1-5h.

[0020] Preferably, the composite emulsifier is composed of polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester and tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 3:1-9.

[0021] Preferably, the base oil is one or more of transformer oil, refrigerator oil and mechanical oil.

[0022] The low-temperature-resistant emulsion explosive provided by the present application comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 93-95 parts of water phase, 6-7 parts of the composite oil phase described above, 3-4 parts of sensitizer and 1-5 parts of catalyst.

[0023] Preferably, the water phase comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 73-78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5-9 parts of sodium nitrate and 10-13 parts of water.

[0024] The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant emulsion explosive provided by the present application is as follows:

[0025] S1: configuration of the water phase;

[0026] S2: the composite oil phase is heated to 85-95℃ and kept warm to obtain an oil phase mixture;

[0027] S3: the oil phase mixture is added to an emulsifier, then stirring is started, and the water phase is added to the emulsifier at a constant speed to obtain a latex matrix through emulsification;

[0028] S4: the latex matrix is cooled to 45-55℃, and the sensitizer and catalyst are added for sensitization;

[0029] S5: the sensitized latex matrix is packaged to eliminate the bubbles in the explosive charge, and the finished emulsion explosive is obtained.

[0030] The present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] (1) The present application significantly improves the low-temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive by designing the pour point depressant, and the methacrylate-tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl ester olefin copolymer and the organic silicon pour point depressant have a synergistic effect in improving the low-temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive.

[0032] (2) The present application further improves the low-temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive by designing the emulsifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of composite wax, 35 parts of composite emulsifier, and 8 parts of low-temperature improved special oil for emulsion explosive.

[0036] The low-temperature improved special oil for emulsion explosive is composed of base oil and pour point depressant, and the addition amount of the pour point depressant is 2% of the mass of the base oil.

[0037] The pour point depressant is composed of methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer and silicone pour point depressant in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0038] The preparation method of the methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is as follows: methacrylate tetradecyl ester, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester are dissolved in toluene under inert atmosphere, and benzoyl peroxide is added for reaction, and after reaction, washing and drying, the methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is obtained.

[0039] The molar ratio of methacrylate tetradecyl ester, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester is 1:1:1; the reaction temperature is 110℃, and the time is 6h.

[0040] The preparation method of the silicone pour point depressant is as follows:

[0041] S1: the intermediate product is obtained by reacting nano-silicon dioxide, silane coupling agent and stearic acid in an ethanol aqueous solution;

[0042] S2: the silicone pour point depressant is prepared by reacting the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in toluene.

[0043] In S1, the silane coupling agent is one or more of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and γ-methacryloyloxy propyl trimethoxysilane; the mass ratio of nano-silicon dioxide, silane coupling agent and stearic acid is 100:6:10; the reaction temperature is 75℃, and the time is 3h;

[0044] In S2, the mass ratio of the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 1:1; the reaction temperature is 80℃, and the time is 3h.

[0045] The composite emulsifier is composed of polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester and bovine fat amine polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:1; the base oil is mechanical oil.

[0046] The low-temperature-resistant emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 94 parts of water phase, 6.5 parts of the above-mentioned composite oil phase, 3.5 parts of sensitizer and 3 parts of catalyst.

[0047] The water phase comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: ammonium nitrate 75 parts, sodium nitrate 7 parts, and water 11 parts.

[0048] The application provides a preparation method of low-temperature-resistant emulsion explosive.

[0049] S1: preparation of the water phase;

[0050] S2: the composite oil phase is heated to 90 DEG C and kept, and an oil phase mixture is obtained;

[0051] S3: the oil phase mixture is added into an emulsifier, then stirring is started, the water phase is added into the emulsifier at a constant speed, and a latex matrix is obtained through stirring and emulsification;

[0052] S4: the latex matrix is cooled to 50 DEG C, and a sensitizer (sodium nitrite) and a catalyst (phosphoric acid) are added for sensitization;

[0053] S5: the sensitized latex matrix is packaged, and air bubbles in the explosive are eliminated, so that the finished emulsion explosive is obtained.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The application provides a low-temperature-resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: composite wax 40 parts, composite emulsifier 30 parts and low-temperature-improved emulsion explosive special oil 5 parts.

[0056] The low-temperature-improved emulsion explosive special oil is composed of base oil and a pour point depressant, and the addition amount of the pour point depressant is 1% of the mass of the base oil.

[0057] The pour point depressant is composed of methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer and organic silicon pour point depressant in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0058] The preparation method of the methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is as follows: methacrylate tetradecyl ester, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester are dissolved in toluene under an inert atmosphere, and benzoyl peroxide is added for reaction, and after reaction, the methacrylate tetradecyl ester-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is obtained through washing and drying.

[0059] The molar ratio of methacrylate tetradecyl ester, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester is 1:0.5:0.5; the reaction temperature is 100 DEG C, and the time is 8h.

[0060] The preparation method of the organic silicon pour point depressant is as follows:

[0061] S1: nano silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent and stearic acid are reacted in an ethanol aqueous solution to obtain an intermediate product;

[0062] S2: reacting the intermediate product with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in toluene to obtain the silicone pour point depressant.

[0063] The silane coupling agent in S1 is one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloyloxy propyl trimethoxysilane; the mass ratio of nano-silicon dioxide, silane coupling agent and stearic acid is 100:4:5; the reaction temperature is 70 DEG C and the reaction time is 5h;

[0064] The mass ratio of the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in S2 is 2:1; the reaction temperature is 75 DEG C and the reaction time is 5h.

[0065] The composite emulsifier is composed of polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester and beef tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether with a mass ratio of 3:1; the base oil is transformer oil.

[0066] The low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive provided by the application comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 93 parts of water phase, 6 parts of the composite oil phase, 3 parts of sensitizer and 1 part of catalyst.

[0067] The water phase comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 73 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium nitrate and 10 parts of water.

[0068] The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive provided by the application is as follows:

[0069] S1: configuration of the water phase;

[0070] S2: heating the composite oil phase to 85 DEG C to obtain an oil phase mixture;

[0071] S3: adding the oil phase mixture into an emulsifier, then starting stirring, and then adding the water phase into the emulsifier at a constant speed to obtain a latex matrix through stirring and emulsification;

[0072] S4: cooling the latex matrix to 45 DEG C, and then adding a sensitizer (sodium nitrite) and a catalyst (phosphoric acid) to perform sensitization;

[0073] S5: packaging the sensitized latex matrix to eliminate bubbles in the explosive charge, and then obtaining a finished emulsion explosive.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosive provided by the application comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of composite wax, 40 parts of composite emulsifier and 10 parts of low-temperature improved special oil for emulsion explosive;

[0076] The low-temperature improved special oil for emulsion explosive is composed of base oil and pour point depressant, and the adding amount of the pour point depressant is 3% of the mass of the base oil.

[0077] The pour point depressant is composed of tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer and silicone pour point depressant in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0078] The preparation method of the tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is as follows: tetradecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester are dissolved in toluene under an inert atmosphere, and benzoyl peroxide is added for reaction, and after reaction, washing and drying, the tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer is obtained.

[0079] The molar ratio of tetradecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and 4-pentenoic acid benzyl ester is 1:1.5:1.5; the reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, and the time is 8h.

[0080] The preparation method of the silicone pour point depressant is as follows:

[0081] S1: the intermediate product is obtained by reacting nano-silicon dioxide, silane coupling agent and stearic acid in an ethanol aqueous solution;

[0082] S2: the silicone pour point depressant is prepared by reacting the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in toluene.

[0083] In S1, the silane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and gamma-methacryloyloxy propyl trimethoxysilane; the mass ratio of nano-silicon dioxide, silane coupling agent and stearic acid is 100:8:15; the reaction temperature is 80 DEG C, and the time is 5h;

[0084] In S2, the mass ratio of the intermediate product and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 1:2; the reaction temperature is 85 DEG C, and the time is 5h.

[0085] The composite emulsifier is composed of polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester and tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 1:3; and the base oil is refrigerator oil.

[0086] The low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive provided by the application comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95 parts of water phase, 7 parts of the composite oil phase, 4 parts of sensitizer and 5 parts of catalyst.

[0087] The water phase comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 9 parts of sodium nitrate and 13 parts of water.

[0088] The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive provided by the application is as follows:

[0089] S1: Preparation of water phase;

[0090] S2, Compound oil phase was heated to 95℃ and kept, to obtain oil phase mixture;

[0091] S3, Oil phase mixture was added into the emulsifier, then stirring was started, and water phase was added into the emulsifier at a constant speed, to obtain emulsion matrix through stirring and emulsification;

[0092] S4, Emulsion matrix was cooled to 55℃, and sensitizing agent (sodium nitrite) and catalyst (phosphoric acid) were added for sensitization;

[0093] S5, Sensitized emulsion matrix was packaged, to eliminate bubbles of the charge, to obtain finished emulsion explosive.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] The pour point depressant of the present scheme is myristyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer, and the rest of the conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] The pour point depressant of the present scheme is silicone pour point depressant, and the rest of the conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] The emulsifier of the present scheme is polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester, and the rest of the conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] The emulsifier of the present scheme is tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether, and the rest of the conditions are the same as those of Example 1.

[0102] The properties of the emulsion explosives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were detected according to GB 28286, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0103] Among them, high-low temperature cycle: first stored at 50℃ for 8h, then stored at-35℃ for 16h, recorded as 1 high-low temperature cycle.

[0104] Table 1: Performance test results of emulsion explosive

[0105]

[0106] As can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the present application significantly improves the low-temperature resistance of emulsion explosive by designing the depressant, and the methyl tetradecyl acrylate-(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)-benzyl oleate copolymer and the silicone depressant have a synergistic effect in improving the low-temperature resistance of emulsion explosive. This may be because the copolymer depressant is highly compatible with the oil phase through its long-chain alkyl side group, enabling it to preferentially adsorb on the crystal nucleus surface at an early stage of wax crystal formation, breaking the continuous growth of the regular lattice; at the same time, the polar groups (hydroxymethyl amide and benzyl) on the copolymer backbone form "polar spots" on the crystal nucleus surface, which provide anchoring sites for the nano-silicon dioxide hybrid in the silicone depressant; in addition, after the silicone depressant is dispersed into the oil phase, the surface organic segment can be compatible with the polar groups of the copolymer, forming a composite coating layer around the wax crystal, which not only has the flexibility of the copolymer segment, but also has the rigidity confinement provided by the inorganic nanoparticles, thereby establishing a "soft-hard synergistic" physical barrier around the wax crystal, which not only prevents the size of the wax crystal from continuing to grow, but also realizes dynamic self-adaptive regulation through the reversible displacement of the segment and the local rearrangement of the particle network.

[0107] As can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3-4, the present application further improves the low-temperature resistance of emulsion explosive by designing the emulsifier. This may be because the polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester contains a strong oil-repellent PIB chain and a weakly polar triethanolamine ester group, which easily forms a dense and rigid "substrate layer" on the oil-water interface; the tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether forms a compressible "flexible cloud layer" by stretching the EO segment at the interface; the substrate layer of the polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester provides a stable attachment platform for the EO segment, enabling the EO segment to arrange uniformly and maintain a higher stretch degree; in turn, the presence of the EO segment relieves the rigidity of the polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester substrate layer, making the entire interface film have the characteristics of "rigidity and flexibility".

[0108] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, and all should be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives, characterized in that, It contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of composite wax, 30-40 parts of composite emulsifier, and 5-10 parts of low-temperature modified emulsion explosive oil; The low-temperature improved emulsion explosive oil is composed of base oil and pour point depressant, wherein the pour point depressant is added at 1-3% of the mass of the base oil. The pour point depressant is composed of tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethylacrylamide)-benzyl acrylate copolymer and organosilicon pour point depressant in a mass ratio of 2:1-4.

2. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethylacrylamide)-benzyl acrylate copolymer is as follows: tetradecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethylacrylamide and benzyl 4-pentenoate are dissolved in toluene under an inert atmosphere, and benzoyl peroxide is added to react. After the reaction, the copolymer is washed and dried to obtain tetradecyl methacrylate-(N-hydroxymethylacrylamide)-benzyl acrylate copolymer.

3. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of tetradecyl methacrylate, N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, and benzyl 4-pentenoate is 1:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5; the reaction temperature is 100-120℃, and the reaction time is 4-8h.

4. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the organosilicon pour point depressant is as follows: S1: Nano-silica, silane coupling agent and stearic acid are reacted in an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain an intermediate product; S2: The intermediate product is reacted with the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in toluene to prepare an organosilicon pour point depressant.

5. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 4, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent in S1 is one or more of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the mass ratio of nano-silica, silane coupling agent, and stearic acid is 100:4-8:5-15; the reaction temperature is 70-80℃, and the time is 1-5h; The mass ratio of intermediate product to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in S2 is 2:1-4; the reaction temperature is 75-85℃ and the reaction time is 1-5h.

6. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite emulsifier is composed of polyisobutylene succinate triethanolamine ester and tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether in a mass ratio of 3:1-9.

7. The low-temperature resistant composite oil phase for emulsion explosives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base oil is one or more of transformer oil, refrigeration oil, and machine oil.

8. A low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive, characterized in that, It contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 93-95 parts of aqueous phase, 6-7 parts of composite oil phase as described in any one of claims 1-7, 3-4 parts of sensitizer, and 1-5 parts of catalyst.

9. The low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive according to claim 8, characterized in that, The aqueous phase comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 73-78 parts ammonium nitrate, 5-9 parts sodium nitrate, and 10-13 parts water.

10. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive, wherein the low-temperature resistant emulsion explosive is as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1: Configuration of the aqueous phase; S2. Heat the composite oil phase to 85-95℃ and keep it at that temperature to obtain an oil phase mixture; S3. Add the oil phase mixture to the emulsifier, then turn on the stirrer and add the aqueous phase to the emulsifier at a uniform speed. After stirring and emulsifying, a latex matrix is ​​obtained. S4. Cool the latex matrix to 45-55℃, and add sensitizer and catalyst for sensitization; S5. The sensitized latex matrix is ​​packaged to eliminate air bubbles in the explosive charge, resulting in the finished emulsion explosive.

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