Special fireproof thermal insulation material, preparation method and induction type fireproof car cover

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a special fireproof thermal insulation material, a preparation method and an induction type fireproof car cover. According to the special fireproof thermal insulation material, a modified nylon material with a main chain containing an aromatic amide bond and a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame-retardant group serves as a matrix, and the matrix is matched with nano ceramic microcrystals of a core-shell structure, mixed fibers and a multifunctional functional additive to finally achieve the thermal insulation and fireproof effects that the material is not molten, flame does not spread and heat does not penetrate. The induction type fireproof car cover integrated based on the materials depends on a multi-dimensional sensor, has the functions of fire prevention, heat insulation and intelligent early warning, is adaptive to the transportation scenes of a car carrier and a roll-on-roll-off ship, and can effectively reduce the safety risk of vehicle transportation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a special fireproof thermal insulation material, a preparation method and an inductive fireproof car cover. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicle industry, the global annual sales have broken through ten million vehicles, and the cross-regional transportation demand has surged. However, as the core component of new energy vehicles, the fire accident caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries has become a major hidden danger in the transportation industry. In the fire accident of land sedan transport vehicles, the burnout rate of the whole vehicle carrier is as high as 85%, and the core problem is that the existing protection technology cannot meet the special prevention and control requirements of lithium battery fire. In the prior art, the fireproof car cover is mostly made of traditional glass fiber cloth, flame-retardant canvas and other materials. Such materials have poor flame-retardant effect, low thermal insulation efficiency, insufficient temperature resistance and flame retardance, and cannot cope with the high temperature of thermal runaway of lithium battery combustion. At the same time, there is no inductive early warning capability, and it cannot meet the composite requirements of high temperature fireproofing and intelligent early warning in the transportation scene.

[0003] It is worth noting that nylon materials have been considered as a potential alternative option for fireproof protection materials due to their high specific strength, corrosion resistance and excellent processability. However, the flame-retardant protection performance of existing nylon materials has significant shortcomings: the flame-retardant grade of ordinary nylon without modification is only UL94V-2 level, and the oxygen index is only 20-22%, and the melting and dripping phenomenon during combustion will accelerate the spread of fire. Even if the flame-retardant modification is used, the existing technology still has many limitations: halogen-containing flame-retardant nylon will release toxic gases during combustion, which does not meet the environmental protection requirements; the mainstream halogen-free flame-retardant system such as red phosphorus and melamine salt can improve the flame-retardant grade to UL94V-0 level, but red phosphorus has problems of moisture absorption and oxidation, poor compatibility, and melamine salt has poor thermal stability and is easy to absorb moisture, resulting in a decrease in electrical performance of the material in a humid environment. More importantly, the flame-retardant time efficiency of such modified nylon is very short, and it can only resist flame burning for dozens of seconds, which is far from meeting the requirement of more than 5 minutes of protection after thermal runaway of the power battery in GB38031-2020, and the carbonized layer formed during combustion is loose and fragile, which cannot effectively block the transmission of heat and oxygen, and even some glass fiber reinforced modified products will accelerate combustion due to the "wick effect".

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a special fireproof thermal insulation material and an inductive fireproof car cover to solve the safety problem of new energy vehicle transportation. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a special fireproof thermal insulation material, a preparation method and an inductive fireproof car cover.

[0006] In a first aspect, the application provides a special fireproof and heat insulation material, which comprises a modified nylon material, nano ceramic microcrystals and fiber reinforced materials, wherein the nano ceramic microcrystals and the fiber reinforced materials are used to cooperate with the modified nylon material to obtain the special fireproof and heat insulation material.

[0007] The modified nylon material is obtained by introducing high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant groups on the nylon main chain through copolymerization of caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenyl phosphinic chloride and melamine.

[0008] Preferably, the special fireproof and heat insulation material further comprises a functional additive; the special fireproof and heat insulation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of the modified nylon material, 20-30 parts of the nano ceramic microcrystals, 10-15 parts of the fiber reinforced materials and 5-10 parts of the functional additive.

[0009] Preferably, the modified nylon material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-80% of caprolactam, 10-20% of terephthalic acid, 4-6% of diphenyl phosphinic chloride, 2-4% of melamine and 0.1-0.3% of a catalyst.

[0010] In this case, the benzene ring provided by terephthalic acid is copolymerized with caprolactam to form an aromatic amide bond containing a benzene ring in the polyamide main chain, and the conjugated π bond structure of the aromatic ring has a very high bond energy and can resist bond rupture at high temperatures; at the same time, the steric hindrance effect of the aromatic ring inhibits the thermal motion of the molecular chain, avoiding the melting and collapse of the substrate at high temperatures; the copolymerization of diphenyl phosphinic chloride and melamine forms a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame-retardant system; at high temperatures, the phosphorus source first decomposes to generate acidic substances such as phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid, catalyzing the dehydration and carbonization of the nylon matrix to form a dense carbonized layer, thereby blocking the transfer of heat and oxygen to the interior; the nitrogen source synchronously decomposes to release inert gases such as NH3 and N2, which on the one hand dilutes the oxygen concentration in the combustion area, and on the other hand cools the combustion interface, becoming the core matrix skeleton of the material to resist high temperature and flame of lithium battery fire.

[0011] Preferably, the nano ceramic microcrystals comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 75-80% of nano alumina, 16-25% of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 2-3% of a promoter.

[0012] In this case, the nano alumina has a melting point as high as 2054℃, and can form a stable ceramic shell at high temperatures to block the transfer of heat to the interior of the material; the silicon-oxygen network structure formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate further enhances the density of the heat insulation layer, reduces heat conduction and heat radiation, and realizes dual protection of physical blocking and chemical flame retardation.

[0013] Preferably, the functional additive comprises phosphoric acid ester melamine salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano montmorillonite, zinc stearate and antioxidant 1010.

[0014] Preferably, the catalyst includes any one of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin dioctoate and dibutyltin maleate.

[0015] Preferably, the accelerator includes any one of γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the phosphate melamine salt, the silane coupling agent KH-550, the nano montmorillonite, the zinc stearate and the antioxidant 1010 is (5-6):(0.8-1.7):(1.2-2.3):(0.4-0.6):(0.2-0.4).

[0017] In this case, the zinc stearate as a lubricant can reduce the melt viscosity of the material in the double-screw extrusion process, reduce the friction between the screw and the material, and ensure the stability of the extrusion molding; the antioxidant 1010 can capture free radicals generated during the aging process of the material, inhibit the oxidative degradation of the polymer chain, and prolong the service life of the material.

[0018] In this case, the nano montmorillonite has a sheet structure and can delay the movement of the polymer chain segment through sheet layer blocking after uniform dispersion, and the surface hydroxyl group reacts with the amino group of the silane coupling agent KH-550 to enhance the compatibility with the matrix, and the rigidity and toughness of the material are taken into account.

[0019] In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, including the following steps:

[0020] Take caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphinic chloride, melamine and a catalyst, add them into a high-pressure reaction kettle, mix them uniformly under the condition of nitrogen protection and temperature rising to 260-280℃, and keep the temperature for 2-3h; continue to keep the temperature for 2-3h under the condition of pressure reduction to-0.08~-0.10MPa, and cool and granulate to obtain a modified nylon material;

[0021] Disperse nano alumina in ethanol, and ultrasonic for 30-40min; drop the mixed solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate and the accelerator, stir at 30-40℃ for 2-3h; heat to 80℃ for reflux for 4-5h, centrifugal dry at 80℃ for 10-12h to obtain nano ceramic microcrystal;

[0022] Mix chopped basalt fiber and carbon fiber according to the mass ratio (6-8):(2-4), add them into acetone for ultrasonic dispersion for 1h; add 4-5wt% of phosphate, stir at 60℃ for 4-5h, filter and dry at 100℃ for 8-10h to obtain a fiber reinforced material;

[0023] Modified nylon material, nano-ceramic microcrystals, fiber-reinforcing materials and functional additives are mixed in proportion, added to a twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 230-250℃ to obtain a special fireproof and heat-insulating material.

[0024] Thirdly, this application provides an induction-type fire-resistant suit, comprising a base layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and a corrosion-resistant surface layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer is made of a special fireproof and heat-insulating material. The induction-type fire-resistant suit is also equipped with an intelligent early warning component, which will immediately trigger an alarm when it detects that the ambient temperature exceeds a preset warning temperature.

[0025] Preferably, the intelligent early warning component includes a magnetic thermocouple sensor, a high-temperature resistant three-core shielded wire, an intelligent transmission control device, and a linked warning light. The magnetic thermocouple sensor is connected to the intelligent transmission control device via the high-temperature resistant three-core shielded wire. The magnetic thermocouple sensor is also electrically connected to a signal processing module, which is connected to the intelligent transmission control device. The intelligent transmission control device is connected to the linked warning light, the audible and visual alarm unit, and the duty room communication module. The duty room communication module establishes a communication connection with the user's mobile terminal. The intelligent transmission control device also has a built-in rechargeable power supply module.

[0026] Preferably, the base layer is made of glass fiber and aramid fiber blended in a mass ratio of (5-7):(3-5), with a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm.

[0027] Preferably, the anti-corrosion surface layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coated fabric with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0028] Preferably, the base layer, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and the anti-corrosion surface layer are connected by an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is HT-8360 single-component silicone-modified epoxy adhesive.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature measurement range of the magnetic thermocouple sensor is -40℃ to 1600℃, with an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a high-temperature resistant magnetic block is provided on the contact surface between the sensor and the vehicle body.

[0030] Beneficial technical effects:

[0031] This invention introduces amide bonds containing benzene rings (-CONH-C6H4-CONH-) into the polyamide backbone by copolymerizing caprolactam and terephthalic acid. The conjugated π-bond structure of the aromatic ring has extremely high bond energy, which can resist bond breakage at high temperatures. At the same time, the steric hindrance effect of the aromatic ring inhibits the thermal motion of the molecular chain, which can stably maintain the polyamide backbone structure at high temperatures and prevent early decomposition, thus providing a carrier for the formation of subsequent fire-retardant structures. Meanwhile, the phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic system formed by the copolymerization of diphenylphosphine chloride and melamine, at high temperatures, decomposes the phosphorus source to generate acidic substances such as phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid, which catalyze the dehydration and carbonization of the nylon matrix to form a dense carbonized layer, blocking the transfer of heat and oxygen to the interior; the nitrogen source decomposes simultaneously to release inert gases such as NH3 and N2, which dilute the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone on the one hand and cool the combustion interface on the other; at the same time, the nano-alumina in the nano-ceramic microcrystals has a melting point as high as 2054℃, which can form a stable ceramic shell at high temperatures, blocking the transfer of heat to the interior of the material; the silicon-oxygen network structure (SiO2) formed by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate further enhances the density of the heat insulation layer, reduces heat conduction and heat radiation, and achieves dual protection of physical barrier and chemical flame retardancy; the fiber reinforcement material forms chemical bonds with the polar groups (such as amide bonds) of the modified nylon, which improves the interfacial bonding force. When the material is under stress, the fiber can bear part of the load through stress transfer, inhibit crack propagation, and solve the problem of high-temperature embrittlement of pure polymer materials. Ultimately, it achieves the effect of heat insulation and fireproofing, preventing the material from melting, the flame from spreading, and heat from penetrating.

[0032] Based on the aforementioned special fireproof and heat-insulating materials, the induction-type fire-resistant car cover, combined with intelligent early warning components, improves the initial fire control rate. It can solve the shortcomings of traditional car covers, such as poor heat insulation and fireproof performance, delayed early warning, and cumbersome loading and unloading, significantly reducing economic losses and clearing safety obstacles for the large-scale development of the new energy vehicle transportation industry. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a physical image of an inductive fireproof suit according to Embodiment 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this application, but not all embodiments.

[0035] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above processes does not imply the order of execution. Some or all steps may be executed in parallel or sequentially. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts modified nylon material, 25 parts nano-ceramic microcrystals, 10 parts fiber-reinforcing material, and 7 parts functional additives;

[0039] The modified nylon material comprises the following components by weight percentage: caprolactam 80%, terephthalic acid 11%, diphenylphosphine chloride 5.5%, melamine 3.4%, and stannous octoate 0.1%;

[0040] The nano-ceramic microcrystals comprise the following components by mass percentage: 75% nano-alumina, 22% tetraethyl orthosilicate, and 3% γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; the nano-alumina has a particle size of 40 nm.

[0041] The mass ratio of the functional additives, including melamine phosphate salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano-montmorillonite, zinc stearate, and antioxidant 1010, is 5:1.7:2.3:0.6:0.4.

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, including the following steps:

[0043] Caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride, melamine, and stannous octoate were added to a high-pressure reactor. The mixture was heated to 280°C under nitrogen protection at 0.2 MPa, stirred at 280 rpm, and kept at this temperature for 3 hours. The pressure was then reduced to -0.08 MPa, and the mixture was kept at this temperature for another 2 hours. After cooling and granulation, the modified nylon material was obtained.

[0044] Nano-alumina was dispersed in ethanol and sonicated for 30 min; tetraethyl orthosilicate and γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise and mixed, stirred at 30 °C for 2 h at a stirring speed of 200 rpm; the mixture was heated to 80 °C and refluxed for 4 h; after centrifugation, it was dried at 80 °C for 10 h to obtain nano-ceramic microcrystals.

[0045] 3mm short-cut basalt fibers and 2mm carbon fibers were mixed at a mass ratio of 6:2, and then ultrasonically dispersed in acetone for 1 hour. 4wt% phosphate ester was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60℃ for 4 hours at a stirring speed of 300 rpm. After filtration, the mixture was dried at 100℃ for 8 hours to obtain the fiber-reinforced material.

[0046] Modified nylon material, nano-ceramic microcrystals, fiber reinforcement materials and functional additives are mixed in proportion, added to a twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 230℃ and screw speed of 180rpm to obtain a special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2.5mm.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an inductive train-proof cover. The base layer is made of a blend of glass fiber and aramid fiber in a mass ratio of 5:3, with a thickness of 0.6 mm. The anti-corrosion surface layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coated fabric with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer is the aforementioned special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2 mm. The base layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and anti-corrosion surface layer are stacked in sequence, and HT-8360 single-component silicone-modified epoxy adhesive is applied between each layer. Then, a pressure of 0.2 MPa is applied for bonding for 30 minutes. Finally, it is cut to the size suitable for a car.

[0048] It is sewn with double stitching using 0.8mm aramid thread with a 5mm thread spacing; a body zipper is installed on the side; windproof strips are sewn at 15cm intervals on the hem; straps are installed at the bottom corresponding to the wheel positions, and adjustable buckles are provided; fluorescent warning strips and highly reflective strips are alternately sewn on the front, rear, and sides; 10 magnetic thermocouple sensors are sewn on the hem, corresponding to 3 at the front, 4 on the sides, and 3 at the rear, connected in series with high-temperature resistant three-core shielded wires to the intelligent transmission control device at the rear of the vehicle, with linked warning lights, audible and visual alarms, a 4G module, and a built-in lithium battery.

[0049] Performance tests: After being burned at 1500℃ for 30 minutes, the temperature inside the car cover was ≤50℃, with no combustion or melting; after a 5% salt spray test for 72 hours, the surface showed no rust or peeling; after 1000 simulated sand and dust scratches, the base layer remained undamaged, and the car body paint remained intact; when heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the duty room received the signal within 5s, with a response delay of ≤0.5s.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, which consists of the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts modified nylon material, 25 parts nano-ceramic microcrystals, 15 parts fiber-reinforcing material, and 6 parts functional additives.

[0052] The modified nylon material comprises the following components by weight percentage: caprolactam 74.7%, terephthalic acid 15%, diphenylphosphine chloride 6%, melamine 4%, and dibutyltin dioctanoate 0.3%;

[0053] The nano-ceramic microcrystals comprise the following components by mass percentage: 78% nano-alumina, 20% tetraethyl orthosilicate, and 2% N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; the nano-alumina has a particle size of 40 nm.

[0054] The mass ratio of the functional additives phosphate melamine salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano montmorillonite, zinc stearate, and antioxidant 1010 is 5.2:1.5:2.3:0.6:0.4.

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, including the following steps:

[0056] Caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride, melamine, and dibutyltin dioctanoate were added to a high-pressure reactor. The reactor was heated to 280°C under nitrogen protection at 0.2 MPa, with a stirring rate of 270 rpm, and held at this temperature for 3 hours. The pressure was then reduced to -0.09 MPa, and the reactor was held at this temperature for another 2 hours. The reactor was then cooled and granulated to obtain the modified nylon material.

[0057] Nano-alumina was dispersed in ethanol and sonicated for 30 min; tetraethyl orthosilicate and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise and mixed, stirred at 30℃ for 2 h at a stirring speed of 200 rpm; the mixture was then heated to 80℃ and refluxed for 4 h, centrifuged, and dried at 80℃ for 10 h to obtain nano-ceramic microcrystals.

[0058] 3mm short-cut basalt fibers and 2mm carbon fibers were mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4, and then ultrasonically dispersed in acetone for 1 hour. 5wt% phosphate ester was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60℃ for 4 hours at a stirring speed of 300rpm. After filtration, the mixture was dried at 100℃ for 8 hours to obtain the fiber-reinforced material.

[0059] Modified nylon material, nano-ceramic microcrystals, fiber reinforcement materials and functional additives are mixed in proportion, added to a twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 230℃ and screw speed of 180rpm to obtain a special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2.5mm.

[0060] This embodiment provides an inductive fire-resistant car cover. The base layer is made of a blend of glass fiber and aramid fiber in a mass ratio of 7:3, with a thickness of 0.7 mm. The anti-corrosion surface layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coated fabric with a thickness of 0.4 mm. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer is the aforementioned special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2.2 mm. The base layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and anti-corrosion surface layer are stacked in sequence, and HT-8360 single-component silicone-modified epoxy adhesive is applied between each layer. Then, a pressure of 0.2 MPa is applied for bonding for 30 minutes. Finally, it is cut to the size suitable for a car.

[0061] Double stitching with 0.8mm aramid thread, 5mm spacing, along the edges and fixed component locations; body zipper installed on the side, windproof strips sewn at 15cm intervals at the hem, and straps with adjustment buckles installed at the bottom corresponding to the wheel positions; fluorescent warning strips and highly reflective strips alternately sewn on the front, rear, and sides; 8 magnetic thermocouple sensors sewn on the hem, corresponding to 2 at the front, 2 on the hood, and 4 on the chassis, connected in series with high-temperature resistant three-core shielded wires to the intelligent transmission control device at the rear of the vehicle, with linked warning lights, audible and visual alarms, a 4G module, and a built-in lithium battery.

[0062] Performance tests: After being burned at 1500℃ for 30 minutes, the temperature inside the car cover was ≤50℃, with no combustion or melting; after a 5% salt spray test for 72 hours, the surface showed no rust or peeling; after 1000 simulated sand and dust scratches, the base layer remained undamaged, and the car body paint remained intact; when heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the duty room received the signal within 5s, with a response delay of ≤0.5s.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] This embodiment provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts modified nylon material, 20 parts nano-ceramic microcrystals, 15 parts fiber-reinforcing material, and 6 parts functional additives;

[0065] The modified nylon material comprises the following components by weight percentage: caprolactam 70%, terephthalic acid 20%, diphenylphosphine chloride 5.7%, melamine 4%, and dibutyltin maleate 0.3%;

[0066] The nano-ceramic microcrystals comprise the following components by mass percentage: 80% nano-alumina, 17% tetraethyl orthosilicate, and 3% γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the nano-alumina has a particle size of 40 nm.

[0067] The mass ratio of the functional additives phosphate melamine salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano montmorillonite, zinc stearate, and antioxidant 1010 is 5.5:1.3:2.3:0.5:0.4.

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, including the following steps:

[0069] Caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride, melamine, and dibutyltin maleate were added to a high-pressure reactor. The reactor was heated to 280°C under nitrogen protection at 0.2 MPa, with a stirring rate of 280 rpm, and held at this temperature for 3 hours. The pressure was then reduced to -0.09 MPa, and the reactor was held at this temperature for another 2 hours. The reactor was then cooled and granulated to obtain the modified nylon material.

[0070] Nano-alumina was dispersed in ethanol and sonicated for 30 min; tetraethyl orthosilicate and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane were added dropwise and mixed, stirred at 30 °C for 2 h at a stirring speed of 200 rpm; the mixture was then heated to 80 °C and refluxed for 4 h, centrifuged and dried at 80 °C for 10 h to obtain nano-ceramic microcrystals.

[0071] Short basalt fibers with a length of 3 mm and carbon fibers with a length of 2 mm were mixed at a mass ratio of 8:4, and then ultrasonically dispersed in acetone for 1 h. 5 wt% phosphate ester was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 4 h at a stirring speed of 300 rpm. After filtration, the mixture was dried at 100 °C for 8 h to obtain the fiber-reinforced material.

[0072] Modified nylon material, nano-ceramic microcrystals, fiber reinforcement material and functional additives are mixed in proportion, added to a twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 240℃ and 220rpm to obtain a special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2.8mm.

[0073] This embodiment provides an inductive fire-resistant suit. The base layer is made of a blend of glass fiber and aramid fiber in a 7:3 mass ratio, with a thickness of 0.6 mm. The anti-corrosion surface layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coated fabric with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer is the aforementioned special fireproof and heat-insulating material with a thickness of 2.1 mm. The base layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and anti-corrosion surface layer are stacked in sequence, and adhesive is applied between each layer. Then, a pressure of 0.2 MPa is applied for bonding for 30 minutes. Finally, it is cut to fit a 7-seater SUV.

[0074] Double stitching with 0.8mm aramid thread, 5mm spacing, along the edges and fixed component locations; body zipper installed on the side, windproof strips sewn at 12cm intervals at the hem, and wheel straps installed at the bottom corresponding to the wheel positions, with Velcro added to the wheel straps; fluorescent warning strips and highly reflective strips alternately sewn on the front, rear, and sides; 10 magnetic thermocouple sensors sewn on the hem, corresponding to 2 at the front, 2 on the hood, and 4 on the chassis, connected in series with high-temperature resistant three-core shielded wires to the intelligent transmission control device at the rear of the vehicle, with linked warning lights, audible and visual alarms, a 4G module, and a built-in lithium battery.

[0075] Performance tests: After being burned in a 1500℃ flame for 30 minutes, the temperature inside the car cover was ≤50℃, with no combustion or melting; after a 5% salt spray test for 72 hours, the surface showed no rust or peeling; after 1000 simulated sand and dust scrapes, the base layer remained undamaged, and the car body paint remained intact; when heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the signal received by the duty room was complete.

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] This comparative example provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride, and melamine are not used to modify the nylon material. Other process parameters and operating steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Performance testing: After being burned in an 800℃ flame for 10 minutes, the fireproof cover began to melt, and after 20 minutes, a hole with a diameter of 5cm appeared. The temperature inside the cover rose to 180℃, and the paint on the vehicle body carbonized. After a 5% salt spray test for 48 hours, the fiberglass cloth hardened after absorbing moisture, the anti-corrosion surface layer peeled off from the base layer, and pitted rust appeared on the vehicle body. After 1000 simulated sand and dust scrapings, the material had poor impact resistance, with scratches 2-3mm deep appearing and the base layer fibers exposed. When heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the duty room received the signal within 5s, with a response delay of ≤0.5s.

[0079] Comparative Example 2

[0080] This comparative example provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material, which differs from Example 1 in that: the nano-ceramic microcrystals are replaced with calcium carbonate, while the other process parameters and operating steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Performance testing: After being burned at 1500℃ for 12 minutes, the temperature inside the car cover rose to 120℃, and cracks appeared in the fireproof and heat-insulating layer. After burning for 20 minutes, the temperature inside exceeded 180℃, and the paint surface of the car body wrinkled. After 48 hours of 5% salt spray testing, ordinary calcium carbonate peeled off from the substrate after absorbing moisture, and bulges appeared on the material surface. After 1000 simulated sand and dust scratches, the material had poor impact resistance, with scratches 2-3mm deep appearing and the base layer fibers exposed. When heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the duty room received the signal within 5s, with a response delay of ≤0.5s.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] This comparative example provides a special fireproof and heat-insulating material. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the fiber-reinforced material is replaced with glass fiber material, while the other process parameters and operating steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0084] Performance testing: After being burned in a 1500℃ flame for 15 minutes, the fiberglass accelerated its combustion due to the "wick effect," resulting in localized burn-through of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, with the inner temperature rising to 160℃; after a 48-hour 5% salt spray test, the fiberglass cloth hardened after absorbing moisture, the anti-corrosion surface peeled off from the base layer, and pitted rust appeared on the vehicle body; after 1000 simulated sand and dust scratches, the material showed poor impact resistance, with scratches appearing 2-3mm deep; when heated to 80℃, the sensor triggered an alarm within 100ms, and the duty room received the signal within 5s, with a response delay of ≤0.5s.

[0085] The special fireproof and heat-insulating materials prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention are based on the copolymerization of caprolactam and terephthalic acid, introducing amide bonds containing benzene rings (-CONH-C6H4-CONH-) into the polyamide backbone. Their high bond energy resists bond breakage at high temperatures, preventing the high-temperature substrate from melting and collapsing. Simultaneously, relying on a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame-retardant system, it overcomes the bottleneck of the traditional nylon's inability to simultaneously achieve temperature resistance and flame retardancy, and can withstand the high-temperature impact of lithium battery fires. Combined with core-shell structured nano-ceramic microcrystals as key heat-insulating units, it constructs a highly efficient, low-thermal-conductivity heat-insulating barrier, blocking the penetration of external high temperatures into the interior. The high strength of the fiber-reinforced fibers forms a mechanical skeleton, resisting structural damage from transportation bumps and high temperatures, thus improving heat insulation and fireproofing efficiency.

[0086] Based on the aforementioned special fireproof and heat-insulating materials, the induction-type fire-resistant car cover, combined with magnetic sensors and alarm units, improves the initial fire control rate. It can solve the shortcomings of traditional car covers, such as poor heat insulation and fireproof performance, delayed early warning, and cumbersome loading and unloading, significantly reducing economic losses. It is suitable for land car transport and ocean roll-on / roll-off ship scenarios, clearing safety obstacles for the large-scale development of the new energy vehicle transportation industry.

[0087] It should be understood that the above are only some embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, other modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special fireproof and heat-insulating material, characterized in that, Including modified nylon materials, nano-ceramic microcrystals, and fiber-reinforced materials; The modified nylon material is obtained by copolymerizing caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride and melamine to introduce high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant groups onto the nylon backbone; The nano-ceramic microcrystals are made by reacting nano-alumina with a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and an accelerator; the fiber-reinforcing material is made by mixing short-cut basalt fibers and carbon fibers and then adding phosphate ester.

2. The special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The special fireproof and heat-insulating material also includes functional additives; the special heat-insulating and fireproof material includes the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of modified nylon material, 20-30 parts of nano-ceramic microcrystals, 10-15 parts of fiber-reinforcing material and 5-10 parts of functional additives.

3. The special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The modified nylon material comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 70-80% caprolactam, 10-20% terephthalic acid, 4-6% diphenylphosphine chloride, 2-4% melamine, and 0.1-0.3% catalyst.

4. The special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nano-ceramic microcrystals comprise the following raw materials by mass percentage: 75-80% nano-alumina, 16-25% tetraethyl orthosilicate, and 2-3% accelerator.

5. A special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The functional additives include melamine phosphate salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano-montmorillonite, zinc stearate, and antioxidant 1010.

6. A special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The catalyst includes any one of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin dioctanoate, and dibutyltin maleate.

7. A special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The accelerator includes any one of γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

8. A special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the phosphate ester melamine salt, silane coupling agent KH-550, nano-montmorillonite, zinc stearate and antioxidant 1010 is (5-6):(0.8-1.7):(1.2-2.3):(0.4-0.6):(0.2-0.4).

9. The method for preparing a special fireproof and heat-insulating material according to claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Take caprolactam, terephthalic acid, diphenylphosphine chloride, melamine and catalyst, add them to a high-pressure reactor, heat to 260-280℃ under nitrogen protection, and keep warm for 2-3 hours; Reduce the pressure to -0.08~-0.10MPa, continue to hold the temperature for 2-3 hours, cool and granulate to obtain the modified nylon material; Nano-alumina was dispersed in ethanol and sonicated for 30-40 min; a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and accelerator was added dropwise and stirred at 30-40℃ for 2-3 h; the mixture was heated to 80℃ and refluxed for 4-5 h; after centrifugation, it was dried at 80℃ for 10-12 h to obtain nano-ceramic microcrystals. Short-cut basalt fibers and carbon fibers were mixed at a mass ratio of (6-8):(2-4), and then ultrasonically dispersed in acetone for 1 hour. 4-5 wt% phosphate ester was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 4-5 hours. After filtration, the mixture was dried at 100°C for 8-10 hours to obtain the fiber-reinforced material. The modified nylon material, nano-ceramic microcrystals, fiber-reinforcing materials, and functional additives are mixed in proportion, added to a twin-screw extruder, and extruded at 230-250°C to obtain a special fireproof and heat-insulating material.

10. A sensor-activated train-proof suit, characterized in that, It includes a base layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, and an anti-corrosion surface layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer is made of the special fireproof and heat-insulating material described in any one of claims 1-8. The induction-type fireproof cover is also equipped with an intelligent early warning component. When the intelligent early warning component detects that the ambient temperature exceeds the preset warning temperature, it will immediately trigger an alarm.

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