Ventilated prefabricated cabin type energy storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilating prefabricated cabin type energy storage device, and relates to the field of energy storage devices. The device comprises an energy storage prefabricated cabin, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder group, a gas replacement pipeline system, a sensor assembly and a control valve assembly, and is provided with a Venturi ejector active suction system, a reverse blowing loop and a bottom gas inlet and top suction synergistic replacement structure, the forced extraction speed of the sample gas is increased compared with natural diffusion, it is ensured that the sensor assembly captures real gas components in the cabin in real time, the reverse blowing loop controls high-pressure carbon dioxide gas to conduct reverse pulse flushing on the sampling pipeline through the pressure guiding valve, and aerosol blockages generated by battery thermal runaway are instantly removed through impact pressure. Carbon dioxide at the bottom is directionally injected into the bottom of the energy storage prefabricated cabin through the first one-way valve, a strong convection replacement field is formed under the suction effect of the top Venturi ejector, and the detonation risk caused by air backflow is eliminated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage devices, in particular to a prefabricated cabin type energy storage device with air exchange function. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, there are two difficulties in dealing with lithium battery fire accidents in prefabricated cabin type energy storage devices. First, the fire may cause damage to monitoring instruments such as temperature measurement and combustible gas composition analysis inside the prefabricated cabin, making it impossible for the outside world to determine the development pattern of the lithium battery fire inside the prefabricated cabin. Second, after the fire occurs, the closed space of the prefabricated cabin may be filled with flammable gas, which has a high risk of reignition after opening the cabin.

[0003] However, in order to solve this problem, patent number "2024204265797" proposes a technology that uses a stainless steel pipe to pass through the energy storage prefabricated cabin shell, external temperature and combustible gas sensors to analyze the gas composition inside the prefabricated cabin, determine the fire progress, and use carbon dioxide to pass through the stainless steel pipe into the prefabricated cabin, and discharge from the top pressure relief valve of the prefabricated cabin to achieve the replacement of internal flammable gas. However, this patent has some problems, such as external sampling relying on the natural diffusion of gas, low sampling efficiency, and the final sample gas may lack representativeness, which cannot truly reflect the gas composition inside the prefabricated cabin. In addition, the aerosol produced during the fire process inside the prefabricated cabin may block the sampling pipeline. In addition, the replacement gas is discharged through the top pressure relief valve, which needs to have an internal pressure greater than atmospheric pressure to open, resulting in low replacement efficiency and long replacement cycle. Moreover, a local negative pressure may be formed at the moment of opening the pressure relief valve, which may cause air backflow. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a prefabricated cabin type energy storage device with air exchange function to solve the technical problems of low external sampling efficiency, aerosol blocking pipeline, passive pressure relief and slow replacement, and high risk of air backflow.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a prefabricated cabin type energy storage device with air exchange function, comprising an energy storage prefabricated cabin, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder group, a gas replacement pipeline system, a sensor assembly, and a control valve assembly.

[0006] The carbon dioxide gas cylinder group is connected to the energy storage prefabricated cabin through the gas replacement pipeline system, and is used to introduce carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin to replace flammable gas.

[0007] The sensor assembly is arranged outside the energy storage prefabricated cabin and is used to monitor the gas composition and temperature parameters inside the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0008] The control valve assembly includes a first manual valve, a third manual valve, and a reverse valve arranged on the gas replacement pipeline system, which are used to control the on-off and flow direction of the gas, and to realize the replacement of flammable gas inside the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the closed-loop combustible gas replacement system is constructed by integrating the gas replacement system, the sensor assembly and the control valve assembly with the specific valve, the active replacement and real-time monitoring of the combustible gas in the prefabricated cabin are realized at the external safe position, and the problems of low replacement efficiency and monitoring failure of the traditional passive pressure relief replacement are solved.

[0010] Further, the gas replacement pipeline system comprises a replacement loop composed of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder group, a first one-way valve, a second manual valve and a pipeline connected with the bottom of the energy storage prefabricated cabin; the first one-way valve is used for preventing gas backflow, and the second manual valve is used for controlling the input of carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the carbon dioxide is ensured to be injected into the bottom of the prefabricated cabin in one direction, and gas backflow is prevented. The bottom gas inlet design promotes the directional upward movement of the combustible gas, creates convection conditions for top suction, and significantly improves the completeness of replacement.

[0012] Further, the gas replacement pipeline system further comprises a buffer tank, the buffer tank is arranged in the replacement loop and located between the second manual valve and the energy storage prefabricated cabin, and is used for buffering and stabilizing the pressure and flow of the carbon dioxide gas entering the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the buffer tank is additionally arranged between the second manual valve and the prefabricated cabin, absorbs pressure fluctuation in the carbon dioxide conveying process, maintains stable gas flow into the cabin body, avoids pressure sudden change impact on the battery system, and ensures smooth and controllable replacement process.

[0014] Further, the sensor assembly comprises a CO sensor, an H2 sensor and a temperature sensor, the CO sensor is used for monitoring the concentration of carbon monoxide in the energy storage prefabricated cabin, the H2 sensor is used for monitoring the concentration of hydrogen in the energy storage prefabricated cabin, and the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the energy storage prefabricated cabin.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the CO sensor, the H2 sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged outside the buffer tank outlet, directly analyze the composition of the replacement gas flow, real-time feedback the combustible gas concentration and temperature change, and accurately judge the replacement end point.

[0016] Further, the control valve assembly further comprises an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve is arranged at the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin or on the exhaust pipeline connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin, and is used for exhausting the combustible gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin during the gas replacement process.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the exhaust valve is arranged in the top exhaust pipeline and cooperates with the Venturi suction to exhaust the exhaust gas. The opening and closing state of the exhaust valve is controlled by the sensor data, so that the exhaust gas is ensured to be discharged to a safe area and accumulation of flammable gas in the equipment is avoided.

[0018] Further, when the exhaust valve is opened, the external sampling device is connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin through the exhaust pipeline, and is used for extracting sample gas for the sensor assembly to analyze.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the sampling function is linked when the exhaust valve is opened, so that the exhaust pipeline is multiplexed as a sample gas channel. The single-pipeline double-function design simplifies the structure and avoids damage to the sealing property of the prefabricated cabin.

[0020] Further, the third manual valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin and the Venturi ejector, and is used for controlling the sample gas flow. The second check valve is located between the third manual valve and the buffer tank, and prevents backflow of the sample gas. When the pressure of the compressed air main pipe fluctuates, the reverse valve is automatically closed to prevent gas backflow pollution of the gas source.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the third manual valve and the second check valve are connected in series in the top sampling pipeline, control the sample gas flow and block the backflow. The reverse valve is automatically locked to prevent pollution of the compressed air, and the purity of the sampling gas path is ensured.

[0022] Further, the Venturi ejector forcibly extracts the sample gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin by using compressed air as a power source. The pressure guide valve is used for balancing the pressure in the sampling process. When the pressure guide valve is opened, the high-pressure gas enters the sampling pipeline to realize reverse flushing, and the reverse valve is automatically locked.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the Venturi ejector forcibly extracts the sample gas to improve the sampling efficiency. The pressure guide valve controls the high-pressure gas back flushing. The reverse valve is locked to isolate the back flushing gas source and maintain independent operation of the suction / flushing mode.

[0024] Further, the third manual valve is used for controlling the sample gas flow, and the second check valve prevents backflow of the sample gas.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the third manual valve accurately controls the sample gas flow rate and adapts to the gas concentration in different fire stages. The second check valve physically isolates the cabin body and the sampling pipeline to prevent pollution of the backflow of the exhaust gas after detection.

[0026] In summary, the present application mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The application sets a Venturi ejector active suction system, a back flushing circuit and a bottom air inlet and top suction cooperative replacement structure. The Venturi ejector is driven by the compressed air main pipe to form a high-speed negative pressure airflow, so that the forced extraction speed of the sample gas is increased by more than 5 times compared with natural diffusion, ensuring that the sensor assembly can capture the real gas composition in the cabin in real time. The back flushing circuit controls the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas to pulse flush the sampling pipeline in the reverse direction through the pressure leading valve, so as to instantaneously remove the aerosol blockage generated by the battery thermal runaway under impact pressure. The bottom carbon dioxide is injected into the bottom of the energy storage prefabricated cabin through the first one-way valve, and a strong convection replacement field is formed under the suction action of the top Venturi ejector, while the first one-way valve completely blocks the gas reverse flow path, eliminating the risk of deflagration caused by air backflow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the gas connection and function control of the application.

[0029] In the figure: 1, carbon dioxide cylinder group; 2, first manual valve; 3, first one-way valve; 4, second manual valve; 5, energy storage prefabricated cabin; 6, third manual valve; 7, second one-way valve; 8, Venturi ejector; 9, buffer tank; 10, CO sensor; 11, H2 sensor; 12, temperature sensor; 13, exhaust valve; 14, pressure leading valve; 15, reverse valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are used to explain the application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

[0031] A replaceable prefabricated cabin type energy storage device, as shown in Figure 1 The device includes an energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, a carbon dioxide cylinder group 1, a gas replacement pipeline system, a sensor assembly and a control valve assembly.

[0032] The carbon dioxide cylinder group 1 is connected to the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 through the gas replacement pipeline system, and is used to introduce carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 to replace flammable gas.

[0033] The sensor assembly is arranged outside the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, and is used to monitor the gas composition and temperature parameters in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5.

[0034] The control valve assembly includes a first manual valve 2, a third manual valve 6, and a reverse valve 15 arranged on the gas replacement pipeline system, for controlling the on-off and flow direction of the gas, realizing the replacement of the combustible gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, realizing the input of inert gas through the connection of the carbon dioxide cylinder group 1 and the gas replacement pipeline system, cooperating with the sensor assembly to realize the real-time monitoring of the gas composition in the cabin, and the coordinated on-off control of the first manual valve 2, the third manual valve 6 and the reverse valve 15 in the control valve assembly, forming a complete closed loop from gas injection, replacement process monitoring to waste gas discharge. The system externalizes the gas replacement operation and monitoring function, avoids damage to internal instruments caused by fire, and actively controls the replacement process to completely solve the technical defects of low replacement efficiency and high air backflow risk caused by passive exhaust of the traditional pressure relief valve.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 , the gas replacement pipeline system includes a replacement loop, which is composed of the carbon dioxide cylinder group 1, the first one-way valve 3, the second manual valve 4, and the pipeline connected with the bottom of the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5; the first one-way valve 3 is used to prevent gas backflow, and the second manual valve 4 is used to control the input of carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5. The replacement loop composed of the carbon dioxide cylinder group 1, the first one-way valve 3, the second manual valve 4 and the bottom pipeline forcibly locks the gas flow direction from the cylinder group to the prefabricated cabin through the first one-way valve 3, and physically isolates the reverse flow path. The second manual valve 4 accurately controls the injection flow, cooperates with the bottom gas inlet to form a directional gas flow from bottom to top, and pushes the combustible gas in the cabin to the top. This structure creates stable convection conditions for Venturi suction, and fundamentally avoids the risk of local negative pressure and air backflow caused by passive exhaust of the pressure relief valve.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1 , the gas replacement pipeline system further includes a buffer tank 9, which is arranged in the replacement loop between the second manual valve 4 and the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, and is used to buffer and stabilize the pressure and flow of the carbon dioxide gas entering the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5. The buffer tank 9 is integrated between the second manual valve 4 and the bottom interface of the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 in the replacement loop, and the volume design can effectively buffer the pressure pulsation of the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source. When the second manual valve 4 adjusts the opening degree, the buffer tank 9 absorbs the instantaneous flow change and outputs stable gas pressure to the prefabricated cabin 5, eliminating the risk of battery structure damage caused by pressure mutation. Stable gas pressure ensures uniform diffusion of bottom injection gas, supporting the stability of continuous convection replacement.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1The sensor assembly comprises a CO sensor 10, an H2 sensor 11 and a temperature sensor 12, the CO sensor 10 is used for monitoring the concentration of carbon monoxide in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, the H2 sensor 11 is used for monitoring the concentration of hydrogen in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, and the temperature sensor 12 is used for monitoring the temperature in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5. The CO sensor 10, the H2 sensor 11 and the temperature sensor 12 located at the outlet pipeline of the buffer tank 9 can obtain the carbon monoxide concentration, the hydrogen concentration and the temperature parameter in the cabin in real time by detecting the composition of the mixed gas flowing through the buffer tank 9. The external design avoids damage caused by high temperature in fire, directly captures the data of the replacement gas flow, dynamically monitors the progress of the combustible gas removal, provides accurate criteria for closing the replacement operation, and prevents insufficient or excessive replacement.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 The control valve assembly further comprises an exhaust valve 13 arranged on the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 or the exhaust pipeline connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5, which is used for discharging the combustible gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 during the gas replacement process. The exhaust valve 13 is installed at the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 or the end of the exhaust pipeline, and receives the detected gas from the buffer tank 9. The valve is kept open before the sensor assembly 10-12 detects that the concentration of combustible gas meets the standard, so that the exhaust gas is discharged to the outdoor safe area through a special channel. The valve and the Venturi ejector 8 cooperatively form a negative pressure discharge power, avoiding the passive exhaust mode of the traditional pressure relief valve relying on the positive pressure in the cabin, and eliminating the delay of exhaust and the local gas retention.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 When the exhaust valve 13 is opened, the external sampling device is connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin 5 through the exhaust pipeline, which is used for extracting sample gas for analysis by the sensor assembly. When the exhaust valve 13 is opened for exhaust gas discharge, the same pipeline is simultaneously used as a sample gas conveying channel for the external sampling device. The sensor assembly 10-12 extracts the cabin gas through the pipeline for analysis, realizing the pipeline reuse of replacement exhaust gas discharge and sampling monitoring. This design avoids adding an independent sampling port to the prefabricated cabin 5 shell, maintains the structural integrity and air tightness of the cabin body, and at the same time simplifies the external pipeline layout, reduces the installation complexity and leakage risk.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1, third manual valve 6 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the top of energy storage pre-chamber 5 and venturi ejector 8, and is used for controlling sample gas flow, second check valve 7 is located between third manual valve 6 and buffer tank 9, and prevents sample gas backflow, when the pressure of compressed air main pipe 16 fluctuates, reverse valve 15 is automatically closed, and gas backflow is prevented from polluting the gas source, third manual valve 6 is arranged on the pipeline between the top of pre-chamber 5 and venturi ejector 8, and is manually adjusted to control sample gas extraction rate; second check valve 7 is located behind, and blocks sample gas backflow to pre-chamber 5. Reverse valve 15 is automatically closed when the pressure of compressed air main pipe 16 is abnormal, and compressed air backflow is prevented from polluting the gas composition in the sampling pipeline. The three cooperate to ensure that the sample gas conveying direction is unique, the flow is controllable, and the medium is pure, and provide a non-polluted detection sample for sensors 10-12.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 , venturi ejector 8 forcibly extracts sample gas in energy storage pre-chamber 5 by using compressed air as a power source, and pilot valve 14 is used for balancing pressure in the sampling process, when pilot valve 14 is opened, high-pressure gas enters the sampling pipeline to realize reverse flushing, and at the same time, reverse valve 15 is automatically locked, venturi ejector 8 actively sucks sample gas by using a compressed air power source, and overcomes the natural diffusion efficiency bottleneck; when pilot valve 14 is opened, high-pressure gas reversely flushes into the sampling pipeline to clear aerosol blockage. During the reverse blowing process, reverse valve 15 is automatically locked, the passage between compressed air main pipe 16 and venturi 8 is isolated, and reverse blowing gas is prevented from mistakenly entering the compressed air system. The suction and reverse blowing functions are physically isolated by valve interlocking, and cross contamination of the system is prevented when the double-mode switching is performed.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , third manual valve 6 is used for controlling sample gas flow, second check valve 7 prevents sample gas backflow, third manual valve 6 is adjusted by a manual opening degree, controls the sample gas volume flow passing through the pipeline, and meets the needs of long-term sampling of low-concentration gas in the early stage of fire or rapid analysis of high-concentration gas in the later stage. Second check valve 7 is installed between third manual valve 6 and buffer tank 9, the one-way conduction blocking characteristic of the second check valve 7 blocks the reverse backflow of the detected waste gas to the inside of energy storage pre-chamber 5, avoids the secondary pollution of the detected gas to the inside of the chamber, and maintains the timeliness and accuracy of the detection data.

[0043] The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: first, first manual valve 2 and second manual valve 4 are opened, inert gas in carbon dioxide gas cylinder group 1 flows through first manual valve 2, first check valve 3 and second manual valve 4 in sequence, and is injected into the chamber from the bottom of energy storage pre-chamber 5, first check valve 3 prevents gas backflow in this process, at the same time, third manual valve 6 is opened, compressed air main pipe 16 drives venturi ejector 8 to work, a negative pressure area is formed at the top of energy storage pre-chamber 5, and chamber gas is forcibly sucked to flow through third manual valve 6 and second check valve 7 in sequence and enter buffer tank 9, and finally is discharged to the atmosphere through exhaust valve 13, second check valve 7 prevents sample gas backflow in this process,

[0044] The bottom injected carbon dioxide gas pushes the original combustible gas in the cabin to rise, forming a downward displacement airflow;

[0045] The continuous suction effect of the top Venturi ejector 8 forms an upward gas flow, together forming a forced convection displacement channel. The surge tank 9 stabilizes the gas pressure fluctuation, ensuring a smooth exhaust process. When the CO sensor 10 and H2 sensor 11 detect that the combustible gas concentration has dropped to the safety threshold, the valves are closed to complete the displacement process. The first one-way valve 3 physically isolates the reverse airflow channel throughout the process, completely eliminating the risk of air backflow.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, the specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples, and those skilled in the art can make modifications, replacements and variations to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated, replaceable, cabin-type energy storage device, characterized by: The energy storage prefabricated cabin (5), the carbon dioxide cylinder group (1), the gas replacement pipeline system, the sensor assembly and the control valve assembly are included. The carbon dioxide cylinder group (1) is connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) through the gas replacement pipeline system, and is used for introducing carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) to replace the combustible gas. The sensor assembly is arranged outside the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5), and is used for monitoring the gas composition and temperature parameters in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5). The control valve assembly includes a first manual valve (2), a third manual valve (6) and a reverse valve (15) arranged on the gas replacement pipeline system, and is used for controlling the on-off and flow direction of the gas, so that the combustible gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) is replaced.

2. The exchangeable prefabricated cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas replacement pipeline system includes a replacement loop, and the replacement loop is composed of the carbon dioxide cylinder group (1), a first one-way valve (3), a second manual valve (4) and a pipeline connected with the bottom of the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5); the first one-way valve (3) is used for preventing gas backflow, and the second manual valve (4) is used for controlling the introduction of carbon dioxide gas into the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5).

3. The exchangeable prefabricated cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas replacement pipeline system further includes a buffer tank (9), and the buffer tank (9) is arranged in the replacement loop and located between the second manual valve (4) and the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5), and is used for buffering and stabilizing the pressure and flow of the carbon dioxide gas entering the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5).

4. The exchangeable prefabricated cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor assembly includes a CO sensor (10), an H2 sensor (11) and a temperature sensor (12); the CO sensor (10) is used for monitoring the concentration of carbon monoxide in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5); the H2 sensor (11) is used for monitoring the concentration of hydrogen in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5); and the temperature sensor (12) is used for monitoring the temperature in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5).

5. The exchangeable prefabricated cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valve assembly further includes an exhaust valve (13), and the exhaust valve (13) is arranged on the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) or an exhaust pipeline connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5), and is used for exhausting the combustible gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) during the gas replacement process.

6. The prefabricated, exchangeable cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that When the exhaust valve (13) is opened, the external sampling device is connected with the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) through the exhaust pipeline, and is used for extracting sample gas for the sensor assembly to analyze.

7. The exchangeable prefabricated cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third manual valve (6) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the top of the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) and a Venturi ejector (8), and is used for controlling the sample gas flow; the second one-way valve (7) is located between the third manual valve (6) and the buffer tank (9), and is used for preventing the backflow of sample gas; when the pressure of the compressed air main pipe (16) fluctuates, the reverse valve (15) is automatically closed, so as to prevent the backflow of gas and pollution of the gas source.

8. The prefabricated, exchangeable cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that The Venturi ejector (8) forcibly extracts the sample gas in the energy storage prefabricated cabin (5) by using compressed air as a power source, and the pressure guide valve (14) is used for balancing the pressure during the sampling process; when the pressure guide valve (14) is opened, the high-pressure gas enters the sampling pipeline through the pressure guide valve (14) to realize reverse flushing, and the reverse valve (15) is automatically locked at the same time.

9. The prefabricated, exchangeable cabin-type energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that The third manual valve (6) is used for controlling the sample gas flow, and the second one-way valve (7) is used for preventing the backflow of sample gas.

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