Hairpin type flat wire short-distance lap-wound armature winding and motor

Abstract

The invention provides a hairpin type flat wire short-distance lap-wound armature winding and a motor. The winding is obtained in the mode that U-phase, V-phase and W-phase three-phase parallel flat wires are matched with hairpins to penetrate and wind an annular stator with n layers of 72 stator slot positions on the inner side. The U-phase winding comprises four branches which are connected in parallel, and the four branches are matched with the hairpin from the flat wire to four starting points of the nth layer in sequence in a circumferential spiral reciprocating mode to the first layer in the n-1 direction and then reversely in a circumferential spiral reciprocating mode from the first layer in the n + 1 direction to the nth layer. An annular loop is constructed and formed at four end points of the nth layer after reciprocating bypassing between the nth layer and the first layer; and the V-phase winding and the W-phase winding are obtained by rotating 8 slots and 16 slots in the slot increasing direction relative to the U-phase winding respectively. The winding facilitates improvement of the slot fullness rate of the motor, generates higher magnetic field intensity, improves the power of the motor, is balanced in potential of each branch, and does not have the problem of circulating current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, specifically to a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding and a motor. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of motor technology, the effective portion of the armature winding is mainly located within the slots, while the two ends of the winding are primarily used to connect the conductors within the slots, and their length should be minimized. For flat-wire motors widely used in new energy vehicles, reducing the height of the winding ends is particularly important as efficiency and cost requirements continue to increase. Reducing the end height not only effectively saves copper in the motor but also reduces the DC resistance of the winding, thereby reducing copper losses and improving motor efficiency.

[0003] However, current short-pitch winding designs for flat-wire motors have significant drawbacks. Common methods for achieving short pitch involve altering the span at the hairpin or twist ends of the intermediate layers, or increasing (or decreasing) the span at the hairpin ends of each layer, while decreasing (or increasing) the span at the welded ends. However, these methods primarily rely on the normal full-pitch winding span, failing to effectively reduce end height and hindering the goals of lowering motor costs and improving efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, for a 72-slot, 6-pole, 4-branch motor, the large number of branches makes it extremely difficult to achieve balance between winding branches when using a short-pitch design. This leads to circulating currents between branches, thereby reducing motor efficiency. Existing technologies are inadequate in solving these problems and cannot meet the demands of new energy vehicles for high-efficiency, low-cost motors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding and a motor, which solves the technical problems of existing flat wire motor short-pitch winding technology being unable to effectively reduce the end height to save copper and improve efficiency, and being difficult to achieve branch balance in multi-branch motors, resulting in branch circulating current and reduced motor efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch stacked armature winding, comprising: a ring stator having n layers of 72 stator slots on the inner side, obtained by using three parallel flat wires of U phase, V phase and W phase in combination with hairpins to wind the inner side of the ring stator; The U-phase winding includes four parallel branches. The first, second, third, and fourth branches are formed by flat wires starting from the first, second, third, and fourth starting points of the nth layer, respectively, and spiraling back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n-1, reaching the 1st layer. Then, from the 1st layer, they spiral back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n+1, reaching the nth layer. After spiraling back and forth between the nth and 1st layers, they reach the first, second, third, and fourth ending points of the (n-1)th layer, forming a loop. Here, n is an even number of layers, the nth layer is the outermost layer, and the 1st layer is the innermost layer. The hairpins in the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch are connected in the same way, and every two points in each branch are considered as a pair. Among them, the span of the nth layer of hairpins is 9 slots, 10 slots or 11 slots, the span of the 1st layer of hairpins is 14 slots, and the span of the remaining layers of hairpins is 11 slots. The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 8 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size; The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding 16 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, when using a three-phase parallel two-branch flat wire with a hairpin to wind through 10 layers and 72 slots, the number of poles is 6 and the number of branches is 4; define xy as the y-th layer of the x-th slot, where x∈[1,72], y∈[a,j], j, where a is the 1st layer and located inside the slot, and j is the 10th layer and located outside the slot; The first branch of the U-phase winding, with point 39j as the initial current inflow point, starts from point 39j located in the 10th layer and spirals back and forth in a circular motion into the slot to the 9th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion into the slot from the 8th layer to the 7th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 6th layer to the 5th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 4th layer to the 3rd layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 2nd layer to the 1st layer; then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 1st layer... The current flows in reverse order, spiraling outwards from the trough to the 2nd layer, then spiraling outwards from the 3rd layer to the 4th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 5th layer to the 6th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 7th layer to the 8th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 9th layer to the 10th layer. After spiraling outwards from the 10th layer to the 1st layer, the current reaches 28i located on the 9th layer, with 28i serving as the final outlet point of the current.

[0009] Furthermore, U1+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the first branch current on phase U, and U1- is the final outflow point of the first branch current on phase U. The connection route of the first branch of the phase U winding from U1+ to U1- is as follows: 39j→49j→38i→49h→38g→49f→38e→49d→38c→49b→38a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i.

[0010] Furthermore, in the second branch of the U-phase winding, the 40j point is used as the initial current inflow point and the 29i point is used as the final current outflow point. The third branch of the U-phase winding uses point 37j as the initial current inflow point and point 26i as the final current outflow point. The fourth branch of the U-phase winding uses point 38j as the initial current inflow point and point 27i as the final current outflow point.

[0011] Furthermore, U2+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the second branch current in phase U, and U2- is the final outflow point of the second branch current in phase U. The connection route of the second branch of the phase U winding from U2+ to U2- is as follows: 40j→50j→39i→50h→39g→50f→39e→50d→39c→50b→39a→53a→64b→53c→64d→53e→64f→53g→64h→53i→64j→3j→64i→3h→64g→3f→64e→3d→64c→3b→64a→6a→17b→6c→17d→6e→17f→6g→17h→6i→17j→26j→15i→26h→15g→26f→15e→26d→15c→26b→15a→29a→40b→29c→40d→29e→40f→29g→40h→29i.

[0012] Furthermore, U3+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U, and U3- is the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the third branch of the phase U winding from U3+ to U3- is as follows: 37j→47j→36i→47h→36g→47f→36e→47d→36c→47b→36a→51a→62b→51c→62d→51e→62f→51g→62h→51i→62j→1j→62i→1h→62g→1f→62e→1d→62c→1b→62a→4a→15b→4c→15d→4e→15f→4g→15h→4i→15j→24j→13i→24h→13g→24f→13e→24d→13c→24b→13a→27a→38b→27c→38d→27e→38f→27g→38h→27i→26i.

[0013] Furthermore, U4+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the current in the fourth branch of phase U, and U4- is the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the fourth branch of the U-phase winding from U4+ to U4- is as follows: 38j→48j→37i→48h→37g→48f→37e→48d→37c→48b→37a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i→27i.

[0014] Furthermore, in the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth branches of the U-phase winding, current flows in from the left end of the first hairpin and flows out from the right end of the last hairpin.

[0015] Furthermore, from the first hairpin to the last hairpin, starting from the first hairpin, two adjacent points share one hairpin, and the near ends of two adjacent hairpins are twisted together after the paint is peeled off.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an electric motor, comprising: a rotor and a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding as described in any of the first aspects; the rotor being rotatable relative to the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided by the present invention is obtained by using three-phase parallel flat wires of U phase, V phase and W phase in combination with hairpin winding through an annular stator with n layers and 72 stator slots on the inner side, providing a new hairpin-type flat wire armature winding method.

[0018] Compared with existing hairpin windings, the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lap-wound armature winding provided by the present invention optimizes the winding structure and connection method. By lap-wound, the span of the hairpin end and the twist end of the winding is reduced, thereby reducing the end height of the welding end and the hairpin end. At the same time, the balance between the winding branches is achieved, thereby reducing material costs and improving efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the motor provided by the present invention includes the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding described above. Therefore, it has at least all the technical effects of the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding described above, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the conductor distribution within the slot of a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-phase winding of the hairpin flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the U-phase winding of a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hairpin end winding of the first branch of the U-phase of the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the welding end winding of the first branch of the hairpin flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch stacked armature winding, comprising: a ring stator with n layers of 72 stator slots on the inner side, obtained by using three parallel flat wires of U phase, V phase and W phase in combination with hairpins to wind the inner side of the ring stator; The U-phase winding includes four parallel branches. The first, second, third, and fourth branches are formed by flat wires starting from the first, second, third, and fourth starting points of the nth layer, respectively, and spiraling back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n-1, reaching the 1st layer. Then, from the 1st layer, they spiral back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n+1, reaching the nth layer. After spiraling back and forth between the nth and 1st layers, they reach the first, second, third, and fourth ending points of the (n-1)th layer, forming a loop. Here, n is an even number of layers, the nth layer is the outermost layer, and the 1st layer is the innermost layer. The hairpins in the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch are connected in the same way, and every two points in each branch are considered as a pair. Among them, the span of the nth layer of hairpins is 9 slots, 10 slots or 11 slots, the span of the 1st layer of hairpins is 14 slots, and the span of the remaining layers of hairpins is 11 slots. The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 8 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size; The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding 16 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the winding provided in this embodiment of the invention has 10 layers of slots.

[0025] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the winding provided in this embodiment of the invention has 10 layers of slots. Taking a flat wire of three-phase parallel two-branch circuits wound through 10 layers and 72 slots as an example, the pole number is 6. Define xy as the yth layer of the xth slot, where x∈[1,72], y∈[a,j], a~j are the 1-10 layer numbers of the conductor in the slot, a is the layer located in the slot, and f is the layer located outside the slot. For example, 1a refers to the ath layer of the first stator slot.

[0026] In the table, 1 to 60 simply mark the order in which the current flows through the slot. The number 1 is the position where the current in the branch starts to flow in, i.e., U+, and the number 60 is the position where the current in the branch finally flows out, i.e., U-. That is, U1+ is the initial inflow point of the first branch current on phase U, and U1- is the final outflow point of the first branch current on phase U.

[0027] Wherein, AA is the first branch of U-phase, AB is the second branch of U-phase, AC is the third branch of U-phase, AD is the fourth branch of U-phase, AA1 is the lead-out terminal of the first branch of U-phase line, and AA60 is the lead-out terminal of neutral line. Additionally, the lead-out terminals and neutral line terminals can be interchanged; that is, AA1 can be the neutral line lead-out terminal, and AA60 can be the U-phase line lead-out terminal.

[0028] It should be noted that BA / BB / BC / BD represent the four branches of phase V, and CA / CB / CC / CD represent the four branches of phase W.

[0029] Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-phase winding of a 10-layer hairpin flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding. The green lines represent the stator slots occupied by the U-phase winding, the yellow and pink lines represent the stator slots occupied by the V-phase winding, and the blue lines represent the stator slots occupied by the W-phase winding.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 3 The diagram shows the stator slot occupancy of the U-phase winding of a 10-layer hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The diagram shows the first branch of the U-phase winding. Taking point 39j as the initial current inflow point, the current flows in a circular spiral pattern from point 39j (located in the 10th layer) back and forth into the slot to the 9th layer, then from the 8th layer back and forth into the slot to the 7th layer, then from the 6th layer back and forth into the slot to the 5th layer, then from the 4th layer back and forth into the slot to the 3rd layer, then from the 2nd layer back and forth into the slot to the 1st layer; then from the 10th layer back and forth into the slot to the 10th layer... The current flows in reverse, spiraling outwards from layer 1 to layer 2, then spiraling outwards from layer 3 to layer 4, then spiraling outwards from layer 5 to layer 6, then spiraling outwards from layer 7 to layer 8, then spiraling outwards from layer 9 to layer 10. After spiraling outwards from layer 10 to layer 1, the current reaches layer 28i, located on layer 9. Layer 28i is taken as the final outlet point of the current.

[0031] In the first branch of the U-phase winding, current flows in from the left end of the first hairpin and flows out from the right end of the last hairpin. From the first hairpin to the last hairpin, starting from the first hairpin, two adjacent points share one hairpin, and the near ends of two adjacent hairpins are twisted together after the enamel stripping ends are removed and then welded together.

[0032] The winding of the first branch in phase U in a specific embodiment is described as follows: The winding connection route of the first branch U+ to U- in phase U is as follows: Figure 3 (A schematic diagram of the conductors of the U-phase winding in the slot) is shown. U1+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the current in the first branch of the U-phase winding, and U1- is the final outflow point of the current in the first branch of the U-phase winding. The flat wire connection route from U1+ to U1- in the first branch of the U-phase winding, using a hairpin, is as follows: 39j→49j→38i→49h→38g→49f→38e→49d→38c→49b→38a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i; Flowing in from 39j and finally flowing out from 28i.

[0033] The welding end winding diagram of the first branch U1+ to U1- in phase U is as follows: Figure 4 (Schematic diagram of the welded end) is shown.

[0034] Specifically, looking at the winding diagram at the welding end, the current flows in from the right end of the first hairpin, i.e., 39j. The left ends of the first hairpin (AA1 and AA2 are one hairpin, with AA2 at the j layer, 49 slot, and the stripped end turning to the right) and the left ends of the second hairpin (AA3 and AA4 are one hairpin, with AA3 at the i layer of 38 slot and turning to the left towards the stripped end) are twisted at the stripped end and then welded together (i.e., AA2 and AA3 are connected by welding). The left ends of the second hairpin (AA4 at the h layer of 49 slot and the stripped end turning to the right) and the right ends of the third hairpin (AA5 and AA6 are one hairpin, with AA5 at the g layer of 38 slot and the stripped end turning to the left) are also twisted at the stripped end and then welded together (i.e., AA4 and AA5 are connected by welding). And so on, finally flowing out from 28i.

[0035] It should be noted that the initial inflow point and the final outflow point can be interchanged. Taking the first branch of phase U above as an example, the inflow can start from 28i and finally flow out from 39j.

[0036] A branch is a loop after connecting the current initial inflow point and the final outflow point with a weld point. It can be disconnected from any two points at the welded ends of the entire loop as the initial inflow point and the final outflow point.

[0037] Taking the first branch of phase U as an example: After connecting 39j and 28i with solder joints, directly disconnect the solder joints of 63b and 52a. With 63b as the initial inflow point and 52a as the final outflow point, the connection line of the entire branch is as follows: 63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i→39j→49j→38i→49h→38g→49f→38e→49d→38c→49b→38a→52a; Flowing in from 63b, and finally flowing out from 52a.

[0038] Similarly, for the second branch of the U-phase winding, the current flows into point 40j and out at point 29i; for the third branch of the U-phase winding, the current flows into point 37j and out at point 26i; and for the fourth branch of the U-phase winding, the current flows into point 38j and out at point 27i.

[0039] Specifically, U2+ is defined as the initial inflow point of the current in the second branch of phase U, and U2- is the final outflow point of the current in the second branch of phase U. The connection route of the second branch of the phase U winding from U2+ to U2- is as follows: 40j→50j→39i→50h→39g→50f→39e→50d→39c→50b→39a→53a→64b→53c→64d→53e→64f→53g→64h→53i→64j→3j→64i→3h→64g→3f→64e→3d→64c→3b→64a→6a→17b→6c→17d→6e→17f→6g→17h→6i→17j→26j→15i→26h→15g→26f→15e→26d→15c→26b→15a→29a→40b→29c→40d→29e→40f→29g→40h→29i.

[0040] Define U3+ as the initial inflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U, and U3- as the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the third branch of the phase U winding from U3+ to U3- is as follows: 37j→47j→36i→47h→36g→47f→36e→47d→36c→47b→36a→51a→62b→51c→62d→51e→62f→51g→62h→51i→62j→1j→62i→1h→62g→1f→62e→1d→62c→1b→62a→4a→15b→4c→15d→4e→15f→4g→15h→4i→15j→24j→13i→24h→13g→24f→13e→24d→13c→24b→13a→27a→38b→27c→38d→27e→38f→27g→38h→27i→26i.

[0041] Define U4+ as the initial inflow point of the current in the fourth branch of phase U, and U4- as the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the fourth branch of the U-phase winding from U4+ to U4- is as follows: 38j→48j→37i→48h→37g→48f→37e→48d→37c→48b→37a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i→27i.

[0042] The winding method of the V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding 8 slots in the direction of increasing slot number. That is, the first branch flows in from the j-th layer of slot 47 and finally flows out from the i-th layer of slot 36. The second branch flows in from the j-th layer of slot 48 and finally flows out from the i-th layer of slot 37. The detailed connection route will not be described in detail.

[0043] The winding method of the W phase winding is obtained by rotating the U phase winding 16 slots in the direction of increasing slot number. That is, the first branch flows in from the j-th layer of slot 55 and finally flows out from the i-th layer of slot 44. The second branch flows in from the j-th layer of slot 56 and finally flows out from the i-th layer of slot 45. The detailed connection route will not be described in detail.

[0044] The embodiment used in this invention is a 10-layer flat wire armature winding. However, in the specific implementation process, the winding of even-numbered flat wire armature windings such as 4, 6, 8, and 12 layers can be achieved by deleting or increasing the number of layers of cross-wires. Therefore, the winding method used in this invention and the hairpin coil adapted to this winding method are not limited to the winding of a 10-layer flat wire armature winding.

[0045] The motor used in this invention is a hairpin flat wire winding with 6 poles and 72 stator slots. However, in specific implementation, different windings can be customized due to different slot numbers and branch numbers. Therefore, the winding method used in this invention and the coils adapted to the winding method are not limited to the winding of the flat wire armature winding in this example.

[0046] This winding design has significant advantages in improving the slot fill factor of the motor, which can better improve the motor efficiency and reduce material costs. Moreover, the winding structure is simple, has good manufacturability, and is suitable for mass production, providing a theoretical basis for motor stator products.

[0047] Furthermore, the design of this winding structure adheres to the principle of simplicity without being simplistic. Its construction is intuitive and easy to understand, facilitating not only installation and maintenance but also significantly improving manufacturability. This design approach is highly suitable for the needs of modern production lines, providing a solid guarantee for mass production and high efficiency. Therefore, this winding technology not only lays a solid theoretical foundation for the design and manufacturing of motor stators but also opens up new paths for promoting the innovation and progress of motor technology and achieving a comprehensive improvement in motor performance.

[0048] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electric motor, comprising: a rotor and a hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding as described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect above; the rotor is rotatable relative to the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding.

[0049] Since the motor adopts the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding described in the above embodiments, and the specific structure of the hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding is as described in the above embodiments, since the motor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding, characterized in that, include: It is obtained by using three-phase parallel flat wires of U phase, V phase and W phase in combination with hairpins to wrap around an annular stator with n layers and 72 stator slots on the inner side; The U-phase winding includes four parallel branches. The first, second, third, and fourth branches are formed by flat wires starting from the first, second, third, and fourth starting points of the nth layer, respectively, and spiraling back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n-1, reaching the 1st layer. Then, from the 1st layer, they spiral back and forth in a circular spiral along the direction of n+1, reaching the nth layer. After spiraling back and forth between the nth and 1st layers, they reach the first, second, third, and fourth ending points of the (n-1)th layer, forming a loop. Here, n is an even number of layers, the nth layer is the outermost layer, and the 1st layer is the innermost layer. The hairpins in the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch are connected in the same way, and every two points in each branch are considered as a pair. Among them, the span of the nth layer of hairpins is 9 slots, 10 slots or 11 slots, the span of the 1st layer of hairpins is 14 slots, and the span of the remaining layers of hairpins is 11 slots. The V-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding by 8 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size; The W-phase winding is obtained by rotating the U-phase winding 16 slots relative to it in the direction of increasing slot size.

2. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, When using a three-phase parallel two-branch flat wire with hairpins to wind through 10 layers and 72 slots, the number of poles is 6 and the number of branches is 4; define xy as the yth layer of the xth slot, where x∈[1,72], y∈[a,j], a is the 1st layer, located inside the slot, and j is the 10th layer, located outside the slot; The first branch of the U-phase winding, with point 39j as the initial current inflow point, starts from point 39j located in the 10th layer and spirals back and forth in a circular motion into the slot to the 9th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion into the slot from the 8th layer to the 7th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 6th layer to the 5th layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 4th layer to the 3rd layer, then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 2nd layer to the 1st layer; then spirals back and forth in a circular motion from the 1st layer... The current flows in reverse order, spiraling outwards from the trough to the 2nd layer, then spiraling outwards from the 3rd layer to the 4th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 5th layer to the 6th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 7th layer to the 8th layer, then spiraling outwards from the 9th layer to the 10th layer. After spiraling outwards from the 10th layer to the 1st layer, the current reaches 28i located on the 9th layer, with 28i serving as the final outlet point of the current.

3. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 2, characterized in that, Define U1+ as the initial inflow point of the first branch current in phase U, and U1- as the final outflow point of the first branch current in phase U. The connection route of the first branch of the phase U winding from U1+ to U1- is as follows: 39j→49j→38i→49h→38g→49f→38e→49d→38c→49b→38a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i.

4. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second branch of the U-phase winding uses point 40j as the initial current inflow point and point 29i as the final current outflow point. The third branch of the U-phase winding uses point 37j as the initial current inflow point and point 26i as the final current outflow point. The fourth branch of the U-phase winding uses point 38j as the initial current inflow point and point 27i as the final current outflow point.

5. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, Define U2+ as the initial inflow point of the second branch current in phase U, and U2- as the final outflow point of the second branch current in phase U. The connection route of the second branch of the phase U winding from U2+ to U2- is as follows: 40j→50j→39i→50h→39g→50f→39e→50d→39c→50b→39a→53a→64b→53c→64d→53e→64f→53g→64h→53i→64j→3j→64i→3h→64g→3f→64e→3d→64c→3b→64a→6a→17b→6c→17d→6e→17f→6g→17h→6i→17j→26j→15i→26h→15g→26f→15e→26d→15c→26b→15a→29a→40b→29c→40d→29e→40f→29g→40h→29i.

6. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, Define U3+ as the initial inflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U, and U3- as the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the third branch of the phase U winding from U3+ to U3- is as follows: 37j→47j→36i→47h→36g→47f→36e→47d→36c→47b→36a→51a→62b→51c→62d→51e→62f→51g→62h→51i→62j→1j→62i→1h→62g→1f→62e→1d→62c→1b→62a→4a→15b→4c→15d→4e→15f→4g→15h→4i→15j→24j→13i→24h→13g→24f→13e→24d→13c→24b→13a→27a→38b→27c→38d→27e→38f→27g→38h→27i→26i.

7. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, Define U4+ as the initial inflow point of the current in the fourth branch of phase U, and U4- as the final outflow point of the current in the third branch of phase U. The connection route of the fourth branch of the phase U winding from U4+ to U4- is as follows: 38j→48j→37i→48h→37g→48f→37e→48d→37c→48b→37a→52a→63b→52c→63d→52e→63f→52g→63h→52i→63j→2j→63i→2h→63g→2f→63e→2d→63c→2b→63a→5a→16b→5c→16d→5e→16f→5g→16h→5i→16j→25j→14i→25h→14g→25f→14e→25d→14c→25b→14a→28a→39b→28c→39d→28e→39f→28g→39h→28i→27i.

8. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth branches of the U-phase winding, current flows in from the left end of the first hairpin and flows out from the right end of the last hairpin.

9. The hairpin-type flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding according to claim 8, characterized in that, From the first hairpin to the last hairpin, starting from the first hairpin, two adjacent points share one hairpin, and the near ends of two adjacent hairpins are twisted together after the paint is peeled off.

10. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: The rotor and the hairpin flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the rotor is rotatable relative to the hairpin flat wire short-pitch lapped armature winding.

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