Preparation method of multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquer vessel

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multi-layer wear-resistant heat-resistant lacquer vessel, and relates to the technical field of natural paint processing.The preparation method comprises the steps that natural lacquer is filtered and dewatered, and a lacquer base material is obtained; blending the lacquer base material in batches, adding a vegetable oil flexibilizer and nano cellulose into one part of the lacquer base material, uniformly dispersing the vegetable oil flexibilizer and the nano cellulose to form bottom-layer lacquer ash, adding chitosan nano crystal and ceramic powder into the other part of the lacquer base material, mixing the chitosan nano crystal and the ceramic powder to form middle-layer lacquer ash, adding high-concentration nano cellulose and a surface cleaning aid into the rest part of the lacquer base material, grinding and homogenizing to form surface-layer lacquer ash; carrying out surface cleaning and micro-polishing treatment on the vessel green body to obtain an active substrate; the active substrate is coated with bottom layer paint ash and leveled, and a bottom layer coating is formed; the vessel coated with the bottom coating is placed in an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, the environment temperature and humidity are regulated and controlled by monitoring the state of a paint film, and curing of the bottom coating is achieved; and sequentially coating and curing the middle layer paint ash twice on the cured bottom layer coating to construct a double-layer middle structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural coating processing technology, and in particular to a method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware. Background Technology

[0002] Natural lacquer (also known as raw lacquer) is widely used in the production of traditional Chinese lacquerware. It is known for its dense film formation, corrosion resistance, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness. Using water-based natural lacquer as the base material, combined with modern nanocomposite modification and intelligent curing control technology, multi-functional lacquerware with high hardness, excellent wear resistance, high temperature resistance, moisture resistance and non-deformation, and lightweight and healthy properties is prepared through multi-layer coating and progressive curing processes.

[0003] In the field of lacquer wear-resistant and heat-resistant vessel preparation, existing technologies make it difficult to balance flexibility and high hardness with a single coating structure. Moreover, the base material is mostly wood or ceramic, which has defects such as moisture absorption deformation, significant thermal expansion and contraction, and poor impact resistance. In addition, the traditional natural air drying method lacks process monitoring, resulting in insufficient cross-linking or over-curing of the lacquer film, which affects the final performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preparing multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware to solve the problems in the prior art, where a single coating structure is difficult to balance flexibility and high hardness, and the body material is mostly wood or ceramic, which has defects such as moisture absorption deformation, obvious thermal expansion and contraction, and poor impact resistance. In addition, the traditional natural air drying method lacks process monitoring, resulting in insufficient cross-linking or over-curing of the lacquer film, which affects the final performance.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a multi-layered, wear-resistant, and heat-resistant lacquerware vessel, comprising: Natural lacquer is filtered and dehydrated to obtain lacquer base material; The lacquer base material is mixed in batches. One part is mixed with vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose to form the bottom layer of lacquer ash. Another part is mixed with chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to form the middle layer of lacquer ash. The remaining part is mixed with high concentration of nanocellulose and surface polishing agent and ground to form the top layer of lacquer ash. The vessel blank is cleaned and micro-polished to obtain an active substrate; Apply a base coat of paint to an active substrate and level it to form a base coating. The container coated with the base layer is placed in an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform. The ambient temperature and humidity are adjusted by monitoring the state of the paint film to achieve curing of the base layer. The intermediate layer paint is applied and cured twice on the cured base layer to construct a double-layer intermediate structure. The surface layer of paint is applied to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure and cured by an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform to obtain a multi-layer lacquer wear-resistant vessel.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the step of filtering and dehydrating the natural lacquer to obtain the lacquer base material includes: The collected natural lacquer is placed in a static container and kept still at room temperature, allowing the internal air bubbles to rise and escape naturally. The defoamed paint ash is physically filtered through a metal screen to remove bark debris, dust, and other visible impurities. The filtered paint residue is transferred to a vacuum treatment chamber, heated under negative pressure and maintained for a certain period of time to evaporate and remove free moisture. Collect the dehydrated lacquer ash to obtain lacquer base material.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the step of batch mixing the lacquer base material, wherein a portion of which is mixed with vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose and dispersed evenly to form the bottom layer lacquer ash, specifically includes the following steps: Take a portion of the lacquer base material as the base component of the bottom lacquer ash; Vegetable oil toughening agents are added to the base components of the bottom paint to improve the flexibility of the paint film. At the same time, surface-activated nanocellulose is added to enhance the rheological properties and film strength of the paint. The mixture is dispersed using a high-speed shearing device to form a stable homogeneous system in the paint ash, thus obtaining the bottom paint ash mixture.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the other part involves mixing chitosan nanocrystals with ceramic powder to form an intermediate layer of lacquer ash. The specific steps are as follows: Take another portion of the lacquer base material as the basic component of the intermediate layer lacquer ash; Chitosan nanocrystals are introduced into the intermediate layer paint base component. The surface of the chitosan nanocrystals contains active amino groups, which can undergo partial cross-linking reaction with urushiol. At the same time, ceramic powder is added as a rigidity enhancer to improve the hardness of the paint film and the wear-resistant skeleton structure; Shear force is applied to the mixing system in a closed stirring device to distribute nanocrystals and micropowders in the paint ash, thus obtaining an intermediate layer of paint ash.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the remaining portion is added with high-concentration nanocellulose and surface-polishing agents, and then ground and homogenized to form a surface lacquer layer. The specific steps are as follows: Use the remaining lacquer base material as the basic component of the surface lacquer ash; A high proportion of nanocellulose is added to the basic components of the surface paint to construct a dense cross-linked network structure, while natural wax-based surface polishing agents are introduced. The mixture is placed in a grinding device for fine processing. The grinding time and energy input are controlled to make the particle size distribution reach a nanoscale homogeneous level, thus obtaining the surface paint ash.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the specific steps of performing surface cleaning and micro-polishing treatment on the vessel blank to obtain an active substrate are as follows: The vessel blank is made of a composite material consisting of alternating layers of carbon fiber cloth and ramie cloth, with ceramic powder incorporated as a reinforcing phase. Use organic solvents to wipe and clean the surface of the blank to remove grease and contaminants; The surface is lightly sanded in one direction using fine-grit sandpaper to create a micro-rough structure; After polishing, the surface is blown with inert gas to remove residual dust and form an active substrate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the specific steps of coating a base coat of lacquer onto an active substrate and leveling it to form a base coating are as follows: The base coat is applied to the surface of the active substrate by brushing or spraying, while controlling the coating speed and the amount of base coat supplied. After coating, place the container horizontally in a clean environment to allow the wet film to naturally extend under the action of gravity and surface tension, eliminating brush marks or atomized particles. Once there are no signs of flow on the surface, the bottom coating is formed.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the step of placing the vessel coated with the bottom layer coating in an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and adjusting the ambient temperature and humidity by monitoring the state of the lacquer film to achieve curing of the bottom layer coating, specifically includes the following steps: Place the vessel with the base coating into the controlled environment chamber; Activate the temperature and humidity sensor and optical monitor to collect environmental parameters and paint film surface condition information inside the cabin. Set the initial temperature and humidity range, and start the heating and humidification units; The optical monitor emits a specific wavelength beam of light onto the surface of the paint film and receives the reflected signal; Define the rate of change of reflected light intensity per unit time The expression is: ; in, This indicates the intensity of the received reflected light. Represents a time variable; Continuous monitoring and calculation Value, when Drop below the preset threshold When the cross-linking reaction rate on the paint film surface slows down, it enters the stable curing stage; Continue monitoring until The fluctuation range is less than [amount] over a continuous period of time. Once the bottom coating has reached a semi-dry, cured state, remove the container and proceed with the coating process.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the step of sequentially applying and curing the intermediate layer lacquer paste twice on the cured bottom coating to construct a double-layer intermediate structure is as follows: Apply the first intermediate layer of paint evenly to the surface of the cured base coat to control the consistency of the wet film thickness. The coated container is then placed back into the intelligent temperature and humidity-controlled curing platform. Repeat the environmental control and condition monitoring process to achieve complete solidification of the first intermediate layer; After the first intermediate layer has fully cured, repeat the above coating and curing process to apply the second intermediate layer paint, forming a double-layer intermediate structure to enhance the overall hardness and impact resistance. A second curing process is performed to ensure that the two layers of paint adhere firmly to each other, forming a double-layer intermediate structure.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the multi-layer wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows: The surface layer of lacquer putty is coated onto the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure, and cured using an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform to obtain the multi-layer wear-resistant lacquerware. A surface layer of paint is applied to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure using precision spraying technology, while controlling the spraying distance and atomization pressure. The coated container is sent into the intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and the environmental control platform is activated to set the temperature and humidity range of the surface paint. The optical monitor continuously collects the reflection signal of the surface coating film and calculates its cross-linking acceleration. : ; in, For the intensity of reflected light, For time; The crosslinking acceleration Reflecting the changing trend of the crosslinking reaction rate, when ≤ And the first rate of change ≤ When both conditions are met, it indicates that the paint film has entered the final stage of deep cross-linking; Based on the trend of change, the curing endpoint is determined, and the heating and humidification devices are automatically shut off.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By batching the lacquer base material, a portion of which is mixed with vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose to form a uniformly dispersed bottom lacquer ash, the functional reconstruction of the bottom lacquer ash is achieved, solving the inherent defects of traditional lacquer coatings that are brittle and prone to cracking. This improves the interfacial bonding strength and overall durability of the multi-layer structure. Another portion of the lacquer base material is mixed with chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to form an intermediate lacquer ash, realizing the transformation of the intermediate layer from a filling layer to a load-bearing reinforcement layer. This constructs a composite skeleton structure that combines biocompatibility and high mechanical properties, thereby effectively improving the overall wear resistance and impact resistance of the vessel. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0022] Example, refer to Figure 1 This embodiment of the invention provides a method for preparing a multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware, comprising the following steps: S1. The natural lacquer is filtered and dehydrated to obtain lacquer base material; Furthermore, the collected natural lacquer is placed in a static container and kept still at room temperature, allowing the internal air bubbles to rise and escape naturally. The defoamed paint ash is physically filtered through a metal screen to remove bark debris, dust, and other visible impurities. The filtered paint residue is transferred to a vacuum treatment chamber, heated under negative pressure and maintained for a certain period of time to evaporate and remove free moisture. Collect the dehydrated lacquer ash to obtain lacquer base material; It should be noted that placing the collected natural lacquer in a static container and keeping it still at room temperature allows internal air bubbles to rise and escape naturally. This helps eliminate tiny air bubbles in the lacquer ash, preventing pinholes or bulges during subsequent coating processes and improving the density and surface integrity of the lacquer film. Physical filtration through a metal mesh effectively removes mechanical impurities such as bark debris and dust, preventing hard particles from forming stress concentration points in the coating and thus improving the uniformity and mechanical stability of the lacquer film. Using vacuum negative pressure combined with moderate heating to remove free moisture allows for precise control of the lacquer's moisture content without damaging the activity of urushiol, ensuring it is within the optimal reaction window. This provides a high-purity, low-defect base material guarantee for the stable dispersion and efficient curing of subsequent lacquer layers. This process is specifically for water-based natural lacquer systems. After treatment, the moisture content is significantly reduced, improving the stability and film-forming properties of the lacquer ash and laying the foundation for rapid curing.

[0023] S2. Mix the lacquer base material in batches. Add vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose to one part to form the bottom layer of lacquer ash. Add chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to another part to form the middle layer of lacquer ash. Add high concentration of nanocellulose and surface polishing agent to the remaining part and grind it to form the top layer of lacquer ash. Furthermore, a portion of the lacquer base material is used as the base component of the bottom lacquer ash; Vegetable oil toughening agents are added to the base components of the bottom paint to improve the flexibility of the paint film. At the same time, surface-activated nanocellulose is added to enhance the rheological properties and film strength of the paint. The mixture is dispersed using a high-speed shearing device, so that each component forms a stable homogeneous system in the paint putty, thus obtaining the bottom paint putty mixture; Take another portion of the lacquer base material as the basic component of the intermediate layer lacquer ash; Chitosan nanocrystals are introduced into the intermediate layer paint base component. The surface of the chitosan nanocrystals contains active amino groups, which can undergo partial cross-linking reaction with urushiol. At the same time, ceramic powder is added as a rigidity enhancer to improve the hardness of the paint film and the wear-resistant skeleton structure; Shear force is applied to the mixing system in a closed stirring device to distribute nanocrystals and micropowders in the paint ash, thus obtaining an intermediate layer of paint ash; Use the remaining lacquer base material as the basic component of the surface lacquer ash; A high proportion of nanocellulose is added to the basic components of the surface paint to construct a dense cross-linked network structure, while natural wax-based surface polishing agents are introduced. The mixture is placed in a grinding equipment for fine processing. The grinding time and energy input are controlled to make the particle size distribution reach a nanoscale homogeneous level, thus obtaining the surface paint ash. It should be noted that by batching the lacquer base material and assigning it different functional positions, a multi-layered gradient design was achieved: adding plant oil toughening agents to the bottom layer of lacquer effectively relieves internal stress in the lacquer film, improves flexibility, and prevents cracking caused by shrinkage differences. Introducing surface-activated nanocellulose not only improves rheological properties, making it easier to coat evenly, but also constructs a nanoscale reinforcing network in the lacquer film, improving film strength and tensile properties. Introducing chitosan nanocrystals into the middle layer of lacquer allows its surface amino groups to chemically crosslink with urushiol, enhancing the bonding force at the organic-inorganic phase interface. At the same time, ceramic powder, as a rigid filler, significantly improves hardness and wear-resistant skeleton structure. The two work synergistically to form a high-strength support layer. The high proportion of nanocellulose in the top layer of lacquer constructs a dense crosslinked network, which, combined with natural wax surface polishing agents, reduces surface energy, giving the lacquer film excellent smoothness, gloss, and stain resistance. Overall, the lacquer achieves layer-by-layer optimization from adhesion and load-bearing capacity to surface performance.

[0024] S3. Perform surface cleaning and micro-polishing on the vessel blank to obtain an active substrate; Furthermore, a vessel blank is made of a composite material consisting of alternating layers of carbon fiber cloth and ramie cloth, with ceramic powder incorporated as a reinforcing phase. This composite matrix combines the high strength of carbon fiber, the toughness of ramie fabric, and the dimensional stability of ceramic powder, effectively reducing the overall moisture content, minimizing the risk of deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction, and improving structural durability. Use organic solvents to wipe and clean the surface of the blank to remove grease and contaminants; The surface is lightly sanded in one direction using fine-grit sandpaper to create a micro-rough structure; After polishing, the surface is blown with inert gas to remove residual dust and form an active substrate; It should be noted that the use of vessel blanks made of wood, ceramics, or composite materials adapts to various substrate types, expanding the scope of process application. Wiping and cleaning with organic solvents can thoroughly remove surface grease and organic contaminants, restoring the intrinsic surface energy of the material and enhancing the wettability of the paint. Unidirectional light sanding with fine-grit sandpaper can form a controllable micro-rough structure on the surface of the blank, increasing the actual contact area between the paint and the substrate, producing a mechanical anchoring effect, and improving adhesion. After sanding, dust is removed by blowing with inert gas to avoid secondary pollution and ensure a clean interface. Thus, under the dual action of physical and chemical processes, a high-bonding-strength active substrate is constructed, laying a solid foundation for the long-term stable adhesion of multi-layer paint films.

[0025] S4. Apply a base coat of paint to the active substrate and level it to form a base coating. Furthermore, the base coat is applied to the surface of the active substrate by brushing or spraying, while controlling the coating speed and the amount of base coat supplied. After coating, place the container horizontally in a clean environment to allow the wet film to naturally extend under the action of gravity and surface tension, eliminating brush marks or atomized particles. Once there are no more signs of flow on the surface, the bottom coating will form. It should be noted that by controlling the coating speed and the amount of paint putty supplied, the wet film thickness can be precisely controlled, avoiding problems such as sagging and uneven drying due to excessive thickness or insufficient coverage due to excessive thinness. This ensures a uniform coating. After coating, the film is placed horizontally in a clean environment, and natural leveling is achieved by gravity and surface tension. This helps to eliminate surface defects such as brush marks, atomized particles, or edge accumulation, forming a smooth and continuous initial coating. The process does not require additional external force intervention and relies on the rheological properties of the paint putty itself to complete microscopic self-repair. This simplifies the process and ensures the integrity of the coating, providing an ideal precursor state for the uniform release of stress and the formation of a high-quality paint film during the subsequent curing process.

[0026] S5. Place the container coated with the base layer in the intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform. By monitoring the state of the paint film, the ambient temperature and humidity are adjusted to achieve the curing of the base layer. Furthermore, the vessel with the base coating was placed inside a controlled environment chamber. Activate the temperature and humidity sensor and optical monitor to collect environmental parameters and paint film surface condition information inside the cabin. Set the initial temperature and humidity range, and start the heating and humidification units; The optical monitor emits a specific wavelength beam of light onto the surface of the paint film and receives the reflected signal; Define the rate of change of reflected light intensity per unit time The expression is: ; in, This indicates the intensity of the received reflected light. Represents a time variable; Continuous monitoring and calculation Value, when Drop below the preset threshold When the cross-linking reaction rate on the paint film surface slows down, it enters the stable curing stage; Continue monitoring until The fluctuation range is less than [amount] over a continuous period of time. Once the bottom coating has reached a semi-dry, cured state, remove the container and proceed with the coating process. It should be noted that by placing the coated container into a controlled environment chamber, data is collected in real time by temperature and humidity sensors, enabling precise control of the curing environment. This avoids the instability in quality caused by external climate fluctuations during traditional natural drying. The optical monitor emits a specific wavelength beam and receives reflected signals, enabling non-contact and continuous monitoring of changes in the cross-linking state of the paint film surface.

[0027] S6. Apply and cure the intermediate layer paint twice on the cured base layer to construct a double-layer intermediate structure. Furthermore, the first intermediate layer of paint is evenly applied to the surface of the cured base coat to control the consistency of the wet film thickness. The coated container is then placed back into the intelligent temperature and humidity-controlled curing platform. Repeat the environmental control and condition monitoring process to achieve complete solidification of the first intermediate layer; After the first intermediate layer has fully cured, repeat the above coating and curing process to apply the second intermediate layer paint, forming a double-layer intermediate structure to enhance the overall hardness and impact resistance. A second curing process is performed to ensure that the two layers of paint in the middle form a firmly bonded overall structure, creating a double-layered intermediate structure. It should be noted that this method involves at least five coating operations: one base coat + two intermediate coats + two top coats (or one thick top coat) to ensure that the paint film thickness and performance meet the standards. The first intermediate coat is evenly applied on the cured base coat, and the wet film thickness is controlled to ensure uniform distribution of the coating's mechanical properties and prevent local weak areas from becoming the starting point of failure. The container is then placed back into the intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and the same environmental control and condition monitoring process is repeated to ensure that the curing conditions of each layer are highly consistent and to improve process repeatability. The second intermediate coat is applied on the first intermediate coat and the same curing treatment is performed to allow for full penetration and cross-linking between the two layers, constructing an integrated double-layer intermediate structure. This not only increases the overall thickness to improve wear resistance reserves, but also disperses external loads through the interlayer superposition effect, inhibits crack propagation, and enhances the coating's impact resistance and structural durability.

[0028] S7. Apply the surface paint ash to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure and cure it through an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform to obtain a multi-layer lacquer wear-resistant vessel. Furthermore, a surface layer of paint is applied to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure using precision spraying technology, while controlling the spraying distance and atomization pressure; The coated container is sent into the intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and the environmental control platform is activated to set the temperature and humidity range of the surface paint. The optical monitor continuously collects the reflection signal of the surface coating film and calculates its cross-linking acceleration. : ; in, For the intensity of reflected light, For time; The crosslinking acceleration Reflecting the changing trend of the crosslinking reaction rate, when ≤ And the first rate of change ≤ When both conditions are met, it indicates that the paint film has entered the final stage of deep cross-linking; Based on the changing trend, the curing endpoint is determined, and the heating and humidification devices are automatically shut off. It should be noted that by applying a surface coating using precision spraying technology to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure, and by controlling the spraying distance and atomization pressure, a thin, uniform, and high-quality surface layer without orange peel or particle defects can be obtained, meeting the stringent requirements of high-end vessels for surface smoothness. The coated vessels are then sent to an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and the environmental control platform is activated to set the appropriate temperature and humidity range for the surface layer, ensuring that it cures under optimal conditions.

[0029] In summary, this invention achieves functional reconstruction of the bottom lacquer layer by batching lacquer base material. One portion is mixed with vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose to form a uniformly dispersed bottom lacquer layer, thus solving the inherent defects of traditional lacquer coatings, such as high brittleness and easy cracking. This improves the interfacial bonding strength and overall durability of the multi-layer structure. Another portion of the lacquer base material is mixed with chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to form an intermediate lacquer layer, realizing the transformation of the intermediate layer from a filling layer to a load-bearing reinforcement layer. This constructs a composite skeleton structure with both biocompatibility and high mechanical properties, thereby effectively improving the overall wear resistance and impact resistance of the vessel.

[0030] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multi-layered, wear-resistant, and heat-resistant lacquerware vessel, characterized in that: include: Natural lacquer is filtered and dehydrated to obtain lacquer base material; The lacquer base material is mixed in batches. One part is mixed with vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose to form the bottom layer of lacquer ash. Another part is mixed with chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to form the middle layer of lacquer ash. The remaining part is mixed with high concentration of nanocellulose and surface polishing agent and ground to form the top layer of lacquer ash. The vessel blank is cleaned and micro-polished to obtain an active substrate; Apply a base coat of paint to an active substrate and level it to form a base coating. The container coated with the base layer is placed in an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform. The ambient temperature and humidity are adjusted by monitoring the state of the paint film to achieve curing of the base layer. The intermediate layer paint is applied and cured twice on the cured base layer to construct a double-layer intermediate structure. The surface layer of paint is applied to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure and cured by an intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform to obtain a multi-layer lacquer wear-resistant vessel.

2. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for filtering and dehydrating natural lacquer to obtain lacquer base material are as follows: The collected natural lacquer is placed in a static container and kept still at room temperature, allowing the internal air bubbles to rise and escape naturally. The defoamed paint ash is physically filtered through a metal screen to remove bark debris, dust, and other visible impurities. The filtered paint residue is transferred to a vacuum treatment chamber, heated under negative pressure and maintained for a certain period of time to evaporate and remove free moisture. Collect the dehydrated lacquer ash to obtain lacquer base material.

3. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The process of batching the lacquer base material, with a portion containing vegetable oil toughening agent and nanocellulose evenly dispersed to form the bottom layer of lacquer ash, is as follows: Take a portion of the lacquer base material as the base component of the bottom lacquer ash; Vegetable oil toughening agents are added to the base components of the bottom paint to improve the flexibility of the paint film. At the same time, surface-activated nanocellulose is added to enhance the rheological properties and film strength of the paint. The mixture is dispersed using a high-speed shearing device to form a stable homogeneous system in the paint ash, thus obtaining the bottom paint ash mixture.

4. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The other part involves adding chitosan nanocrystals and ceramic powder to form an intermediate layer of paint ash. The specific steps are as follows: Take another portion of the lacquer base material as the basic component of the intermediate layer lacquer ash; Chitosan nanocrystals are introduced into the intermediate layer paint base component. The surface of the chitosan nanocrystals contains active amino groups, which can undergo partial cross-linking reaction with urushiol. At the same time, ceramic powder is added as a rigidity enhancer to improve the hardness of the paint film and the wear-resistant skeleton structure; Shear force is applied to the mixing system in a closed stirring device to distribute nanocrystals and micropowders in the paint ash, thus obtaining an intermediate layer of paint ash.

5. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The remaining portion is mixed with high-concentration nanocellulose and surface-smoothing agents, then ground and homogenized to form a surface paint layer. The specific steps are as follows: Use the remaining lacquer base material as the basic component of the surface lacquer ash; A high proportion of nanocellulose is added to the basic components of the surface paint to construct a dense cross-linked network structure, while natural wax-based surface polishing agents are introduced. The mixture is placed in a grinding device for fine processing. The grinding time and energy input are controlled to make the particle size distribution reach a nanoscale homogeneous level, thus obtaining the surface paint ash.

6. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps for cleaning and micro-polishing the surface of the vessel blank to obtain an active substrate are as follows: The vessel blank is made of a composite material consisting of alternating layers of carbon fiber cloth and ramie cloth, with ceramic powder incorporated as a reinforcing phase. Use organic solvents to wipe and clean the surface of the blank to remove grease and contaminants; The surface is lightly sanded in one direction using fine-grit sandpaper to create a micro-rough structure; After polishing, the surface is blown with inert gas to remove residual dust and form an active substrate.

7. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps for coating and leveling a base coat onto an active substrate to form a base layer are as follows: The base coat is applied to the surface of the active substrate by brushing or spraying, while controlling the coating speed and the amount of base coat supplied. After coating, place the container horizontally in a clean environment to allow the wet film to naturally extend under the action of gravity and surface tension, eliminating brush marks or atomized particles. Once there are no signs of flow on the surface, the bottom coating is formed.

8. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The process involves placing the vessel coated with the base layer in an intelligent temperature and humidity-controlled curing platform, and adjusting the ambient temperature and humidity by monitoring the coating film status to achieve the curing of the base layer. The specific steps are as follows: Place the vessel with the base coating into the controlled environment chamber; Activate the temperature and humidity sensor and optical monitor to collect environmental parameters and paint film surface condition information inside the cabin. Set the initial temperature and humidity range, and start the heating and humidification units; The optical monitor emits a specific wavelength beam of light onto the surface of the paint film and receives the reflected signal; Define the rate of change of reflected light intensity per unit time The expression is: ； in, This indicates the intensity of the received reflected light. Represents a time variable; Continuous monitoring and calculation Value, when Drop below the preset threshold When the cross-linking reaction rate on the paint film surface slows down, it enters the stable curing stage; Continue monitoring until The fluctuation range is less than [amount] over a continuous period of time. Once the bottom coating has reached a semi-dry, cured state, remove the container and proceed with the coating process.

9. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The intermediate layer paint layer is applied and cured twice on the cured base layer to construct a double-layer intermediate structure. The specific steps are as follows: Apply the first intermediate layer of paint evenly to the surface of the cured base coat to control the consistency of the wet film thickness. The coated container is then placed back into the intelligent temperature and humidity-controlled curing platform. Repeat the environmental control and condition monitoring process to achieve complete solidification of the first intermediate layer; After the first intermediate layer has fully cured, repeat the above coating and curing process to apply the second intermediate layer paint, forming a double-layer intermediate structure to enhance the overall hardness and impact resistance. A second curing process is performed to ensure that the two layers of paint adhere firmly to each other, forming a double-layer intermediate structure.

10. The method for preparing multi-layered wear-resistant and heat-resistant lacquerware as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The process involves coating the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure with the topcoat paint and curing it using an intelligent temperature and humidity-controlled curing platform to obtain a multi-layered lacquer wear-resistant vessel. The specific steps are as follows: A surface layer of paint is applied to the surface of the double-layer intermediate structure using precision spraying technology, while controlling the spraying distance and atomization pressure. The coated container is sent into the intelligent temperature and humidity linkage curing platform, and the environmental control platform is activated to set the temperature and humidity range of the surface paint. The optical monitor continuously collects the reflection signal of the surface coating film and calculates its cross-linking acceleration. : ; in, For the intensity of reflected light, For time; The crosslinking acceleration Reflecting the changing trend of the crosslinking reaction rate, when ≤ And the first rate of change ≤ When both conditions are met, it indicates that the paint film has entered the final stage of deep cross-linking; Based on the trend of change, the curing endpoint is determined, and the heating and humidification devices are automatically shut off.

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