Compound Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil remediation fertilizers. Comprising the following steps: carrying out alcohol extraction on each Chinese herbal medicine raw material to obtain each extracting solution and each material residue; active ingredients are formed by utilizing the extracting solutions; collecting each material residue, adding a microbial agent, fermenting, decomposing and crushing to obtain a composite material residue; mixing the composite material residues and the active components to obtain the soil remediation fertilizer. The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials comprise neem fruits, orange peel, sasangua cake, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, pepper, folium artemisiae argyi, perilla frutescens, astragalus membranaceus, radix scutellariae, sticktight and angelica sinensis; the microbial agent comprises bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris bacteria; efficient utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue biomass resources is achieved, meanwhile, the pain point of an existing soil remediation technology is solved, and a brand new path is provided for soil ecological remediation and agricultural green sustainable development.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of soil remediation fertilizer, and particularly relates to a compound Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and the popularization of intensive agricultural production mode, the global soil ecosystem is facing severe challenges, and the problems of soil degradation and pollution in China are particularly prominent. Long-term single crop planting causes continuous cropping obstacles, leading to soil nutrient imbalance, large accumulation of pathogenic microorganisms and enrichment of allelochemicals, which seriously restricts the improvement of crop yield and quality; mining activities, sewage irrigation and unreasonable use of fertilizers and pesticides cause the continuous enrichment of cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury and other heavy metals in the soil, which directly threatens human health through the food chain; at the same time, the accumulation of persistent organic pollutants such as pesticide residues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil further destroys the stability of the soil environment; over-reliance on chemical fertilizers and neglect of organic fertilizer input in planting methods cause soil structure damage, organic matter content reduction and microbial diversity reduction, leading to soil compaction and land degradation, which seriously affects the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0003] To address the above soil problems, the existing remediation technologies have obvious limitations: physical / chemical remediation methods (such as replacement of foreign soil, chemical leaching, solidification and stabilization, etc.) have direct remediation effects, but have defects such as high cost, easy damage to the original ecological structure of the soil and difficulty in large-scale application; traditional microbial fertilizers have single function, leading to unstable remediation effect and failing to meet the actual needs of soil comprehensive improvement.

[0004] Under this background, the resource utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residues becomes an important opportunity to solve the soil remediation problem and realize the recycling of waste. Traditional Chinese medicine industry produces hundreds of millions of tons of waste residues every year, and traditional disposal methods such as landfill and incineration not only cause waste of biomass resources, but also easily cause secondary environmental pollution, and the resource utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residues is highly consistent with the construction of "waste-free city" and the development of circular economy policy. Based on the above status, it is urgent to develop a comprehensive solution that combines soil remediation, nutrient supply and microbial regulation. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a compound Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which combines technology innovation by using traditional Chinese medicine residues as the core carrier and nutrient source, inoculating specific functional microbial flora, and preparing a soil remediation fertilizer with multiple functions, realizing efficient utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue biomass resources, solving the pain points of existing soil remediation technologies, and providing a new path for soil ecological remediation and green and sustainable agricultural development.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A preparation method of a composite Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, each Chinese herbal medicine raw material is washed, dried, ground, sieved, and the 60-80 mesh undersize material is collected and extracted with an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 10%-90%, separated, and each extract and each residue is obtained; S2, each extract is collected and combined, and the ethanol is removed by concentration to obtain an extract, and the extract is dispersed in deionized water at a material-liquid ratio of 1:15 g / mL to obtain active ingredients; S3, each residue is collected and combined, wetted with deionized water and controlled to have a water content of 55%-65%, and then microbial inoculum is added thereto, and after fermentation at 30-35°C for 20-30d, it is transferred to a curing pool for 10-20d of composting, and when the material water evaporates and the temperature drops to normal temperature, the composted residue is crushed to obtain a composite residue; S4, the composite residue and the active ingredients are mixed uniformly to obtain the soil remediation fertilizer; The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials include neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood, perilla, astragalus, baical skullcap, bidens pilosa and to hand incense; The microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the mass ratio of the neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood, perilla, astragalus, baical skullcap, bidens pilosa and to hand incense is 8-10:15-25:5-10:7-9:5-7:10-20:20-30:8-10:20-30:12-18:35-45:30-40:7-9:8-10.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the mass ratio of the bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris is 3-5:2-4:1-3:0.4-0.8:0.5-0.7.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the bacillus includes at least one of bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the lactic acid bacteria include enterococcus casseliflavus.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the lactobacillus includes at least one of lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the ratio of the composite residue to the active ingredient solution is 1:5-10 g / mL.

[0013] The composite Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer is prepared by the preparation method.

[0014] The 14 Chinese herbal medicines are compounded, and the essence is the double complementarity of active ingredients and matrix ingredients, which lays a foundation for subsequent microbial fermentation and final product function.

[0015] The active ingredients are complementary and cover multiple target requirements: the characteristic active ingredients of different Chinese herbal medicines form a functional matrix to avoid the limitations of single medicinal materials: For example, the azadirachtin in neem fruit (strong insect resistance activity) and the capsaicin in chili (repellent) synergistically solve the problem of insect pests; the flavonoids in honeysuckle, the baicalin in scutellaria (broad-spectrum antibacterial), and the eugenol in clove (inhibit pathogenic bacteria) form an antibacterial network to cover soil-borne diseases; the polysaccharides in astragalus, the terpenes in artemisia annua (promote plant root growth), and the curcumin in turmeric (chelate heavy metals) respectively support nutrient utilization and soil remediation functions.

[0016] After compounding, the active ingredients are no longer single efficacy, but multi-dimensional synergy of insect resistance-antibacterial-promotion-repair.

[0017] The 8 microorganisms belong to 3 categories: decomposition bacteria, functional bacteria, and regulatory bacteria. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are decomposition bacteria that can secrete cellulase, hemicellulase, and ligninase to decompose large molecular fibers (cellulose, lignin) in medicinal residue into small molecular substances such as glucose, xylose, and organic acids. These decomposition products not only provide nutrition for themselves, but also provide carbon and nitrogen sources directly usable by functional bacteria (such as cordyceps militaris and lactobacillus reuteri), solving the limitation that functional bacteria cannot directly utilize crude fiber. Without the enzyme decomposition of Bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus reuteri cannot decompose cellulose and will have difficulty in reproduction due to insufficient carbon source, and its function of regulating soil cannot be realized. Serratia marcescens can secrete iron carriers and chelating agents, which synergize with curcumin (turmeric) and baicalin (scutellaria) in medicinal residue to enhance the chelating ability of heavy metals in soil; Bacillus mucilaginosus produces antibacterial peptides, which form an antibacterial triad with honeysuckle flavonoids and eugenol to improve the inhibition rate of pathogenic bacteria and avoid drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Lactobacillus intestinalis and lactobacillus coryniformis can produce organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid, which can not only improve the soil, but also dissolve the insoluble calcium and phosphorus in medicinal residue, converting them into available phosphorus that can be absorbed by plants, and synergizing with astragalus polysaccharides (root system absorption promotion) to improve nutrient utilization rate. Lactobacillus reuteri and Cordyceps militaris are microecological control bacteria that can inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria in the soil; Cordyceps militaris can secrete cordycepin to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the soil, avoid the imbalance of the microecology caused by the over-reproduction of single functional bacteria, and ensure the stability of the soil microecology after the product is applied.

[0018] The traditional Chinese medicine residues and the microorganisms are not one-way supply, but dynamic synergy of mutual activation and mutual enhancement: The active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine residues can act as induction signals to activate the expression of specific functional genes of the microorganisms: for example, the flavones in honeysuckle can induce the up-regulated expression of the antibacterial peptide synthesis gene of Bacillus mucilaginosus, so that the yield of the antibacterial peptide is increased; limonene in orange peel can induce the activation of the chelator synthesis gene of Serratia marcescens, so that the heavy metal chelating ability is enhanced; the fermentation of the microorganisms can optimize the active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicines through enzymatic conversion and structural modification: the protease of Bacillus subtilis can decompose the macromolecular polysaccharides in astragalus into small molecular oligosaccharides, so as to promote the growth activity of the plant roots; the hydroxylase of Bacillus licheniformis can transform baicalin into baicalein, so as to improve the antibacterial activity and make it more easily penetrate the cell membrane of the pathogenic bacteria; at the same time, the fermentation of the microorganisms can degrade the anti-nutritional factors in the traditional Chinese medicine residues, so as to avoid the stimulation of the plant roots and improve the safety of the product.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application: The soil remediation fertilizer fermented by the compound Chinese herbal medicine and the preparation method thereof disclosed in the present application obtain residues and active ingredients through the fermentation treatment of a plurality of microorganisms (Serratia marcescens, Cordyceps militaris, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus coryniformis) under the compound of Chinese herbal medicine ingredients (neem fruit, orange peel, tea residue, turmeric, clove, wormwood, honeysuckle, pepper, wormwood, purple perilla, astragalus, baical skullcap, devil's gaea and to hand xiang). The active ingredients obtained after the alcohol extraction of the medicinal materials contain alkaloids, flavones, terpenes and other substances, and have the effects of antibiosis, insect resistance, plant growth promotion and heavy metal chelation. The residues contain a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and unextracted amino acids, polysaccharides, trace elements, which are excellent culture medium for microorganisms and source of soil organic matter. The plant fiber structure has good porosity, which can improve the physical structure of the soil and enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the predetermined object, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present application are described in detail as follows in combination with the examples.

[0021] Example 1 A preparation method of a soil remediation fertilizer fermented by a compound Chinese herbal medicine, comprising the following steps: S1, each Chinese herbal medicine raw material was washed, dried, ground and sieved, and the material under 60 mesh was collected and extracted with 90% ethanol solution by volume fraction, separated, and each extract and residue were obtained; S2, each extract was collected and combined, and ethanol was removed by concentration to obtain an extract, which was dispersed in deionized water at a material to liquid ratio of 1:15 g / mL to obtain active ingredients; S3, each residue was collected and combined, wetted with deionized water and the water content was controlled to 55%, then microbial inoculum was added, and after 20 days of fermentation at 30°C, it was transferred to a maturation tank for 10 days. When the material evaporates and the temperature drops to room temperature, the fermented residue is crushed to obtain a composite residue; the mass ratio of the combined residue to the added microbial inoculum is 100:1; S4, the composite residue and the active ingredients were uniformly dispersed at a material to liquid ratio of 1:5 g / mL to obtain the soil remediation fertilizer; The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials include neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood, perilla, astragalus, eucommia, devil's needle and to hand fragrance; the mass ratio of the neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood, perilla, astragalus, eucommia, devil's needle and to hand fragrance is 8:15:5:7:5:10:20:8:20:12:35:30:7:8; The microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris; the mass ratio of the bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris is 3:2:1:0.4:0.5; The bacillus includes bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis is 4:4:2.

[0022] The lactic acid bacteria are enterococcus casseliflavus.

[0023] The lactobacillus includes lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis, and the mass ratio of the lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis is 2:3.

[0024] Example 2 A preparation method of a composite Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, each Chinese herbal medicine raw material was washed, dried, ground and sieved, and the material under 70 mesh was collected and extracted with 90% ethanol solution by volume fraction, separated, and each extract and residue were obtained; S2, each extract was collected and combined, and ethanol was removed by concentration to obtain an extract, which was dispersed in deionized water at a material to liquid ratio of 1:15 g / mL to obtain active ingredients; S3, collect each residue and combine, wet with deionized water and control the moisture content to 60%, then add microbial inoculum to it, after 25d fermentation at 32℃, transfer to aging pool for 15d composting, when the material moisture evaporates and the temperature drops to normal temperature, crush the composted residue to obtain a composite residue; the mass ratio of the combined residue and the added microbial inoculum is 100:1; S4, disperse the composite residue and the active ingredient uniformly according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:8g / mL to obtain the soil remediation fertilizer; The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials include neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, wormwood, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood leaf, perilla, milk vetch, yellow kanzonite, devil's needle grass and to hand fragrance; the mass ratio of the neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, wormwood, honeysuckle, chili, wormwood leaf, perilla, milk vetch, yellow kanzonite, devil's needle grass and to hand fragrance is 9:20:8:8:6:15:25:9:25:15:40:35:8:9; The microbial inoculum includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris; the mass ratio of the bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescens and cordyceps militaris is 4:3:2:0.6:0.6; The bacillus includes bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis is 4:4:2.

[0025] The lactic acid bacteria are enterococcus casseliflavus.

[0026] The lactobacillus includes lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis, and the mass ratio of the lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis is 2:3.

[0027] Example 3 A preparation method of a composite Chinese herbal medicine fermented soil remediation fertilizer, comprising the following steps: S1, wash, dry, grind and sieve each Chinese herbal medicine raw material, collect the 80-mesh sieve residue, and extract with a 90% ethanol solution to obtain each extract and each residue; S2, collect each extract and combine, concentrate to remove ethanol to obtain an extract, and disperse the extract in deionized water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:15g / mL to obtain an active ingredient; S3, collect each residue and combine, wet with deionized water and control the moisture content to 65%, then add microbial inoculum to it, after 30d fermentation at 35℃, transfer to an aging pool for 20d composting, when the material moisture evaporates and the temperature drops to normal temperature, crush the composted residue to obtain a composite residue; the mass ratio of the combined residue and the added microbial inoculum is 100:1; S4, the composite material slag, active ingredients are dispersed uniformly according to the material liquid ratio 1:10 g / mL, the soil repair fertilizer is obtained; The Chinese herbal medicine raw materials include neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, wormwood, honeysuckle, chili, mugwort leaf, perilla, astragalus, euonymus, bidens pilosa and to hand incense; the mass ratio of the neem fruit, orange peel, tea dregs, turmeric, clove, wormwood, honeysuckle, chili, mugwort leaf, perilla, astragalus, euonymus, bidens pilosa and to hand incense is 10:25:10:9:7:20:30:10:30:18:45:40:9:10; The microbial agent includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescans and cordyceps militaris; the mass ratio of the bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, serratia marcescans and cordyceps militaris is 5:4:3:0.8:0.7; The bacillus includes bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis is 4:4:2.

[0028] The lactic acid bacteria are enteromorpha.

[0029] The lactobacillus includes lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis, and the mass ratio of the lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus coryniformis is 2:3.

[0030] Comparative example 1 The difference from example 2 is that the neem fruit is not included in the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials according to the part ratio, and the remaining operation and steps remain unchanged.

[0031] Comparative example 2 The difference from example 2 is that the orange peel is not included in the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials according to the part ratio, and the remaining operation and steps remain unchanged.

[0032] Comparative example 3 The difference from example 2 is that the tea dregs are not included in the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials according to the part ratio, and the remaining operation and steps remain unchanged.

[0033] Comparative example 4 The difference from example 2 is that the turmeric is not included in the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials according to the part ratio, and the remaining operation and steps remain unchanged.

[0034] Comparative example 5 The difference from example 2 is that the clove is not included in the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials according to the part ratio, and the remaining operation and steps remain unchanged.

[0035] Comparative Example 6 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include artemisia annua, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0036] Comparative Example 7 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include honeysuckle, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0037] Comparative Example 8 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include pepper, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0038] Comparative Example 9 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include eucalyptus, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0039] Comparative Example 10 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include perilla, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0040] Comparative Example 11 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include astragalus, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0041] Comparative Example 12 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include flos baicalis, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0042] Comparative Example 13 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include bidens pilosa, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0043] Comparative Example 14 The difference from Example 2 is that the Chinese herbal medicine raw material does not include to hand incense, and the reduced amount is distributed to the remaining Chinese herbal medicine raw materials in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0044] Comparative Example 15 The difference from Example 2 is that Bacillus polymyxa is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0045] Comparative Example 16 The difference from Example 2 is that Bacillus subtilis is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0046] Comparative Example 17 The difference from Example 2 is that Bacillus licheniformis is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0047] Comparative Example 18 The difference from Example 2 is that Leuconostoc mesenteroides is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0048] Comparative Example 19 The difference from Example 2 is that Lactobacillus reuteri is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0049] Comparative Example 20 The difference from Example 2 is that Lactobacillus coryniformis is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0050] Comparative Example 21 The difference from Example 2 is that Serratia marcescens is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0051] Comparative Example 22 The difference from Example 2 is that Cordyceps larva is not included in the microbial inoculant, and the reduced amount is distributed in the remaining microbial inoculant in the proportion of parts, and the remaining operations and steps remain unchanged.

[0052] Performance test 1) Soil improvement effect test: A soil repair test was conducted in a vegetable heart planting field in Zhongshan City. In early 2024, the test plot soil was compacted, and the total porosity was less than 30%. Each example and comparative example was set with 3 replicates, and each replicate area was 10m 2The soil remediation agent application method is as follows: in March three months before the 2024 flowering Chinese cabbage is planted, the same amount of soil remediation fertilizer is scattered into the soil of the flowering Chinese cabbage growth area in each example group and the comparative example group, after the flowering Chinese cabbage is planted, the same amount of soil remediation fertilizer is continuously scattered into the flowering Chinese cabbage growth area in each group, the soil remediation fertilizer in each example group and the comparative example group is applied every month, and the application is performed until the flowering Chinese cabbage is picked.

[0053] After the 2024 flowering Chinese cabbage is harvested, the soil profile is dug from the 3 sampling points in each example and the comparative example, the soil physical properties are measured, the field water capacity, the soil specific gravity and the water content are measured, the total porosity is calculated through the bulk density, the field water capacity, the soil specific gravity and the water content, the average value is obtained, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 As shown in Table 1, the soil remediation fertilizer prepared in the example 1 to the example 3 has a good loose pore effect for improving the soil physical structure compared with each comparative example.

[0055] 2) Fertilizer efficiency test: The flowering Chinese cabbage is harvested, the flowering Chinese cabbage plant height and the core edible part fresh weight are measured, and the data are recorded as shown in Table 2.

[0056] Table 2 As shown in Table 2, the soil remediation fertilizer prepared in the example 1 to the example 3 has a good growth promotion effect for improving the crop yield compared with each comparative example.

[0057] 3) Chelating heavy metal efficiency test; The common heavy metals cadmium and lead in farmland are selected, the soil is simulated moderately polluted soil (CdCl2·2.5H2O and Pb(NO3)2 are added to the basic farmland soil, so that the soil Cd content is 0.5 mg / kg and the Pb content is 100 mg / kg, and the balance is performed for 30 days), and the crop is the glass Chinese cabbage with strong heavy metal enrichment. The above simulated polluted soil is selected to construct a field plot (area 10 m 2 / plot), 27 groups are set, each group has 3 repetitions, the Chinese cabbage is planted, the growth period is 40 days, after the Chinese cabbage is harvested, the soil available heavy metal content and the heavy metal accumulation amount in the edible part (leaves) of the Chinese cabbage are measured, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0058] Table 3 As can be seen from Table 3, the soil remediation fertilizer prepared by the application examples 1-3 has good heavy metal chelating effect, and the effective state Cd and Pb of the soil is greatly reduced. Although the chelating capacity is slightly lower than that of EDTA, EDTA is easy to cause heavy metal leaching pollution, while the soil remediation fertilizer prepared by the application examples 1-3 can fix the heavy metal into stable state, and improve the soil fertility, which is more suitable for safe use of contaminated farmland.

[0059] 4) Bacteriostatic performance test: The high pathogenicity soil-borne pathogenic bacteria commonly found in soil, i.e. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, were selected, which were isolated and purified from field diseased strains.

[0060] PDA medium was prepared, and after sterilization, it was poured into sterile culture dishes (20 mL per dish) and cooled and solidified for use. Single colonies of pathogenic bacteria were picked and inoculated into PDA liquid medium, and cultured at 28°C with 150 r / min shaking for 48 h to prepare 1×10 6 CFU / mL bacterial suspension. 10 g of each soil remediation fertilizer of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-22 was taken, 90 mL of sterile water was added, and oscillation extraction was performed for 30 min. After standing, the supernatant was taken, filtered through a 0.22 μm filter to remove bacteria, and sample extract was obtained. 10 μL of pathogenic bacterial suspension was inoculated in the center of the PDA plate, and a sterile coating rod was used to evenly spread it. Four holes were punched at equal intervals around the plate, and 50 μL of sample extract was injected into each hole. After incubation at 28°C for 72 h, the diameters (mm) of the bacteriostatic rings around each hole were measured. Each group had 3 replicates, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0061] Table 4 As can be seen from Table 4, the soil remediation fertilizer prepared by the application examples 1-3 has better bacteriostatic effect on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum than the soil remediation fertilizers prepared by the comparative examples, which shows that the soil remediation fertilizer prepared by the application has good effect of reducing soil-borne diseases and protecting crop growth.

[0062] 5) Insect prevention performance test: Experimental scheme (pot inoculation method) Experimental materials: potting soil (sterilized garden soil), tomato seedlings (3 leaves and 1 heart), cabbage caterpillars 2nd instar, root-knot nematode egg capsules, soil remediation fertilizers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-22, and culture greenhouse (temperature 25±2°C, humidity 60±5%). Experimental steps: Pot preparation: 5 kg of sterilized soil was placed in each pot, and 50 g of each soil remediation fertilizer was added (calculated according to the field application ratio), and mixed evenly. Pest inoculation: 10 mL of root-knot nematode suspension (about 200) was inoculated to the root of each tomato seedling, and 10 cabbage caterpillar 2nd instar larvae were inoculated to the leaf. Culture management: The greenhouse was maintained by conventional watering to avoid cross-infection of diseases and pests, and the culture lasted for 14 days. Effect index determination 1. Root-knot nematode control effect: The complete root system was dug and washed with water, and the number of root knots (recorded for root knots with a diameter of ≥0.5 mm) was counted under a stereomicroscope, and the population reduction rate was calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 5 below; Wherein, the population reduction rate (%) = (the number of root knots in the blank control group - the number of root knots in the treatment group) / the number of root knots in the blank control group × 100%; 2. Cabbage caterpillar control effect: The number of surviving larvae (determined as surviving after touching) was counted, and the corrected mortality rate was calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 5 below; Wherein, the corrected mortality rate (%) = (the mortality rate of the treatment group - the mortality rate of the blank control group) / (1 - the mortality rate of the blank control group) × 100%.

[0063] Table 5 As shown in Table 5, the soil remediation agent prepared in Examples 1-3 has good pest control effect compared with each comparative example.

[0064] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content to make equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical solution of the present application. Any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, all still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Take each Chinese herbal medicine raw material, wash and dry it, grind it and sieve it, collect the material under the sieve, extract it with alcohol, separate it, and obtain each extract and each residue. S2. Collect and combine the extracts, concentrate to remove ethanol, and obtain an extract. Disperse the extract in deionized water to obtain the active ingredient. S3. Collect and combine the various slags, moisten them with water, add microbial agents, ferment, age and decompose, crush the decomposed slags to obtain composite slags; S4. After the composite residue and active ingredients are mixed evenly, the soil remediation fertilizer is obtained. The herbal ingredients include neem fruit, orange peel, tea seed cake, turmeric, clove, artemisia annua, honeysuckle, chili pepper, mugwort, perilla, astragalus, scutellaria baicalensis, beggar-ticks, and senna. The microbial agents include Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, lactobacillus, Serratia marcescens, and Cordyceps militaris.

2. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the following ingredients is 8-10:15-25:5-10:7-9:5-7:10-20:20-30:8-10:20-30:12-18:35-45:30-40:7-9:8-10.

3. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Serratia marcescens, and Cordyceps militaris is 3-5:2-4:1-3:0.4-0.8:0.5-0.

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4. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bacillus species include at least one of Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus licheniformis.

5. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lactic acid bacteria include Leuconostoc mesenteroides.

6. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lactobacilli include at least one of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus corynebacterium putrefaction.

7. The method for preparing a soil remediation fertilizer based on the fermentation of compound traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the composite residue to the active ingredient in liquid is 1:5-10 g / mL.

8. A soil remediation fertilizer made from the fermentation of compound Chinese herbal medicines, prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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