PCB board mounting device and mounting method

Abstract

The application discloses a PCB mounting device and mounting method, and relates to the technical field of printed circuit board element assembly, which comprises a workbench, a moving frame, a conveying frame, a placing frame and a control console. The upper end of the workbench close to the control console is fixedly provided with a mounting box. A suction mechanism for sucking and mounting electronic elements is arranged at the side end of the mounting box. The suction mechanism comprises a rotating rod. The side end of the rotating rod is fixedly provided with a mounting telescopic rod. The output end of the mounting telescopic rod is fixedly provided with a fixing box. The lower end of the fixing box is fixedly provided with a taking telescopic rod. The lower end of the taking telescopic rod is provided with a suction head mechanism capable of sucking different sizes of electronic elements. The adjusting ring starts to move downward under the drive of the threaded cylinder. The adjusting ring pushes the air suction port of the air suction head to increase the diameter of the air suction port. The diameter of the air suction hole is controlled, and the air suction power of the air suction pump is controlled through the resistance data change of the resistance rod, so that the electronic element suction failure caused by the too small suction force is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printed circuit board component assembly technology, specifically to a PCB board mounting device and mounting method. Background Technology

[0002] A PCB, or Printed Circuit Board, is a crucial component in the electronics industry. It consists of an insulating substrate, connecting wires, and solder pads for assembling and soldering electronic components, serving the dual function of conductive lines and an insulating base. It replaces complex wiring, enabling electrical connections between components in a circuit. This simplifies the assembly and soldering of electronic products, reduces the amount of wiring work required by traditional methods, significantly alleviating the labor intensity of workers; it also reduces the overall size of the device, lowers product costs, and improves the quality and reliability of electronic equipment.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN103281872B discloses an automatic chip placement device and method, comprising: a board loading mechanism for loading, positioning, and unloading PCBs; a feeding mechanism for automatically sorting, transferring, and testing bulk electronic components; a component picking mechanism including a picking head that controls the rotation, horizontal movement, and vertical movement of the picking head; and a position information acquisition mechanism and control system. The control system uses the original position information data of the PCB and the position information data of the electronic components acquired by the position information acquisition mechanism to position the electronic components on the PCB and the picking head, ensuring accurate placement of the electronic components on the corresponding positions on the PCB. This automatic chip placement machine significantly shortens the mechanical travel, simplifies the process, improves mechanical efficiency, and enhances placement accuracy.

[0004] When using a vacuum pump to pick up components of different sizes for mounting and assembling printed components on existing PCB boards, the suction force of the nozzle needs to be adjusted. If the suction force is too low, components may not be picked up and may be missed, resulting in the loss of PCB board circuit functionality and requiring rework. Therefore, based on the above research and in light of the existing problems, we provide a PCB board mounting device and mounting method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PCB board mounting device and mounting method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A PCB board mounting device includes a workbench, a moving frame, a conveyor frame, a placement frame, and a control console. A storage rack is provided on the upper part of the workbench near the conveyor frame. A mounting box is fixedly installed on the upper part of the workbench near the control console. A rotary motor is fixedly installed on the upper part of the mounting box. A suction mechanism for picking up and mounting electronic components is provided at the output end of the rotary motor. The suction mechanism includes a rotating rod, which is fixedly installed on the output end of the rotary motor. The rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting box. A mounting telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the side end of the rotating rod. A fixed box is fixedly installed at the output end of the mounting telescopic rod. A retrieval telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed box. A suction head mechanism capable of picking up electronic components of different sizes is provided at the lower end of the retrieval telescopic rod.

[0008] Furthermore, an air pump is fixedly installed on the upper end of the telescopic rod near the rotating rod. An air vent block is fixedly installed on the air pump's air intake end. Connecting blocks are symmetrically installed on the air vent block at the end away from the air pump. An air intake telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the air intake end of each connecting block. An installation ring is fixedly installed on the end of each air intake telescopic tube away from the connecting block. An air vent plate is fixedly installed on the end of each installation ring away from the air intake telescopic tube. An air transmission telescopic tube is fixedly installed on the lower end of each air vent plate.

[0009] Furthermore, an installation spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the installation ring, a sealing ring is fixedly installed on the other end of the installation spring, a connecting rope is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing ring near the installation spring, and a storage ring for winding and storing the connecting rope is provided on the end of the connecting rope away from the sealing ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting block near the air intake telescopic tube, a fixing spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing ring, a pneumatic ring is fixedly installed on the other end of the fixing spring, and a storage ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring. The end of the storage ring away from the connecting rope is slidably snapped to a connecting bolt. An air-sealing plate is placed and installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring near the connecting bolt. Multiple stops are provided on the outer wall of the connecting bolt near the air-sealing plate, and a control spring is provided between the air-sealing plate and the connecting bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, a trigger is provided at the buckle position of the connecting bolt near the storage ring, a control line is fixedly installed at the output end of the trigger, an inter-connection valve is fixedly installed between the connecting blocks, and the end of the control line away from the trigger is fixedly installed at the control end of the inter-connection valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the suction head mechanism includes a suction ring, which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the object-retrieving telescopic rod. The input end of the suction ring is connected to the lower end of the air transmission telescopic tube via an air supply pipe. An installation plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the suction ring. An air suction box is fixedly installed on the upper end of the installation plate near the air transmission telescopic tube. A threaded cylinder is slidably sleeved on the lower end of the suction ring. A driven gear ring is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder. A protective sleeve is fixedly installed on the lower end of the installation plate near the driven gear ring. An air suction head is fixedly installed on the lower end of the protective sleeve. An adjustment ring is fixedly installed on the lower end of the threaded cylinder near the air suction head.

[0013] Furthermore, the driven gear ring is meshed with a drive gear on its side end, an adjusting motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box near the drive gear, a drive shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the adjusting motor, a first gear and a second gear are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft, the first gear of the drive shaft meshes with the drive gear, the second gear of the drive shaft meshes with a transmission gear, an adjusting screw is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the air intake box, and a gear ring provided at the lower end of the adjusting screw meshes with the transmission gear.

[0014] Furthermore, a brush plate is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod at the upper end of the adjusting screw. A sliding frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box near the brush plate, and the brush plate is slidably mounted on the sliding frame. A resistance rod is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box near the brush plate, and the brush plate is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the resistance rod. A data line is fixedly installed at the upper end of the resistance rod. A processor is fixedly installed at the end of the data line away from the resistance rod. A signal line is fixedly installed at the upper end of the processor near the air intake pump, and the end of the signal line away from the processor is fixedly installed at the control end of the air intake pump.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. This invention uses a threaded cylinder to drive an adjusting ring to move downwards. The adjusting ring pushes the diameter of the suction head to increase. While controlling the size of the suction hole diameter, the suction power of the suction pump is controlled by the change in the resistance data of the resistance rod. Thus, when switching to pick up electronic components of different sizes, the suction power can be adjusted in time according to the size of the suction head 301 to avoid the failure to pick up electronic components due to insufficient suction.

[0017] 2. When the suction telescopic tube breaks and leaks air, the spring on the leaking side pushes the sealing ring to move, and at the same time the connecting rope pulls the storage ring to move a certain distance, so that the stop block moves to the gap between the air-sealing plate and the pneumatic ring. The air-sealing plate separates from the pneumatic ring, and the air-sealing plate and the connecting bolt move under the action of air pressure to block the end of the fixed ring away from the pneumatic ring, thus blocking the air intake. This prevents insufficient suction caused by the pipe breaking and leaking air during long-term operation.

[0018] 3. This invention uses the rubber material of the suction head to pick up electronic components, avoiding damage caused by collisions between electronic components and hard materials;

[0019] 4. The present invention makes PCB board placement and positioning more convenient by using a pusher, a placement rack, and a suction mechanism in combination. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for installing the telescopic rod in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vent plate in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the suction telescopic tube in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the diagram;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing ring in this invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft in this invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded cylinder in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 101. Moving frame; 102. Conveyor frame; 103. Placement rack; 104. Control console; 105. Suction plate; 106. Storage rack; 107. Pusher; 108. Mounting box; 109. Rotary motor; 110. Conveyor motor; 111. Conveyor belt; 112. Storage box;

[0031] 2. Suction Mechanism; 201. Rotating Rod; 202. Mounting Telescopic Rod; 203. Fixing Box; 204. Lifting Telescopic Rod; 205. Suction Pump; 206. Suction Telescopic Tube; 207. Air Transmission Telescopic Tube; 208. Ventilation Block; 209. Connecting Block; 210. Ventilation Plate; 211. Interchange Valve; 212. Mounting Ring; 213. Connecting Rope; 214. Control Line; 215. Fixing Ring; 216. Sealing Ring; 217. Mounting Spring; 218. Pneumatic Ring; 219. Fixing Spring; 220. Air Closure Plate; 221. Connecting Bolt; 222. Stop Block; 223. Storage Ring; 224. Control Spring;

[0032] 3. Suction head mechanism; 301. Suction head; 302. Processor; 303. Suction ring; 304. Suction box; 305. Data cable; 306. Signal cable; 307. Protective sleeve; 308. Adjusting motor; 309. Resistance rod; 310. Brush plate; 311. Adjusting screw; 312. Transmission gear; 313. Drive shaft; 314. Driving gear; 315. Threaded cylinder; 316. Driven gear ring; 317. Adjusting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-10A PCB board mounting device includes a workbench 1, a moving frame 101, a conveyor frame 102, a placement frame 103, and a control console 104. A storage rack 106 is provided on the upper part of the workbench 1 near the conveyor frame 102. This storage rack 106 is prior art and will not be described in detail here. After the PCB board to be mounted is removed, the storage rack 106 neatly arranges the stacked PCB boards. It automatically raises to replenish the board after removal, making material retrieval more convenient. A mounting box 108 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the workbench 1 near the control console 104. A rotary motor 109 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the mounting box 108. The output end of motor 109 is equipped with a suction mechanism 2 for picking up and installing electronic components. The suction mechanism 2 includes a rotating rod 201, which is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor 109. The rotating motor 109 is controlled to rotate via control console 104, making it easier to rotate the suction mechanism 2 to a suitable position for picking up and installing electronic components. Furthermore, when using the mounting device, the suction mechanism 2 can be stored in the mounting box 108 to prevent damage from collisions with other objects. The rotating rod 201 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting box 108, and its side end is fixed. A mounting telescopic rod 202 is fixedly installed, and a fixed box 203 is fixedly installed at the output end of the mounting telescopic rod 202. A retrieval telescopic rod 204 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixed box 203. The lower end of the retrieval telescopic rod 204 is provided with a suction head mechanism 3 that can pick up electronic components of different sizes. Specifically, when it is necessary to place electronic components on a suitable position on a PCB board, the PCB board stored in the storage rack 106 is moved to the upper end of the suitable placement rack 103. The control console 104 controls the rotation motor 109 to start rotating the rotating rod 201, thus rotating the mounting telescopic rod 202 to the suitable position. At the specified angle, the installation telescopic rod 202 is activated to move the suction head mechanism 3 to a suitable position. The fixing box 203 is activated to move the suction head mechanism 3 to the upper end of the electronic component and make contact with the electronic component, so that the suction head mechanism 3 picks up the electronic component. When it is necessary to pick up larger electronic components, the suction head mechanism 3 increases the range of electronic components to be picked up and the suction power is increased. Thus, when installing electronic components of different sizes on the PCB board, the suction head mechanism 3 in the mounting device can control the range of electronic components to be picked up and the suction power according to the different sizes of electronic components, so as to avoid the electronic components falling off and causing the components to be missed during mounting.

[0035] A suction plate 105 is slidably provided on the side end of the moving frame 101 near the storage rack 106, which can move the PCB board to a suitable position for mounting. The suction plate 105 picks up the PCB board that needs to be installed with electronic components in the storage rack 106 and moves it to the upper end of the placement rack 103. A conveyor motor 110 is fixedly installed on the side end of the conveyor frame 102. A conveyor belt 111 is wound around the output end of the conveyor motor 110. The conveyor belt 111 is wound around the inner wall of the conveyor frame 102. The placement rack 103 is placed on the upper end of the conveyor belt 111. By starting the conveyor motor 110, the conveyor belt 111 starts to move and transfer the placement rack 103 to a suitable position. A pusher 107 is provided on the inner wall of the conveyor frame 102 near the suction plate 105. The pusher (107) can be a conventional lifting and positioning mechanism in the art, such as, but not limited to, a lifting platform driven by a cylinder or a motor screw. Its function is as follows: when the placement rack 103 carrying the PCB board moves to the placement station with the conveyor belt 111, the lifting platform of the pusher 107 moves upward, smoothly lifting the PCB board from the placement rack 103 and making it detach from the placement rack 103, thereby providing a stable and independent support reference surface for the PCB board during the placement process, effectively suppressing the small displacement caused by the vibration of the conveyor belt or the tolerance of the placement rack, and ensuring the placement position accuracy. The mounting box 108 has a storage box 112 for storing electronic components slidably installed on the side near the control console 104.

[0036] An air pump 205 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the telescopic rod 202 near the rotating rod 201. The air pump 205 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. An air vent block 208 is fixedly installed on the air intake end of the air pump 205. Connecting blocks 209 are symmetrically installed on the end of the air vent block 208 away from the air pump 205. An air intake telescopic tube 206 is fixedly connected to the air intake end of each connecting block 209. An installation ring 212 is fixedly installed on the end of each air intake telescopic tube 206 away from the connecting block 209. The installation ring 212 is located away from the air intake telescopic tube 206. A vent plate 210 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the 6 units, and an air transmission telescopic tube 207 is fixedly installed at the lower end of each of the vent plates 210. The aforementioned air suction telescopic tube 206 and air transmission telescopic tube 207 are both telescopic flexible hoses in the prior art, which avoids damage caused by the pipes bending back and forth when the lifting telescopic rod 204 and the installation telescopic rod 202 are extended. Specifically, when it is necessary to pick up electronic components, the air suction pump 205 is started, so that the air suction telescopic tube 206 and the air transmission telescopic tube 207 start to suck up air, so that the suction head mechanism 3 starts to pick up the electronic components.

[0037] A mounting spring 217 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting ring 212. A sealing ring 216 is fixedly installed on the other end of the mounting spring 217. The diameter of the sealing ring 216 matches the inner wall diameter of the end of the mounting ring 212 away from the suction telescopic tube 206. A connecting rope 213 is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing ring 216 near the mounting spring 217. A storage ring 223 for winding and storing the connecting rope 213 is provided on the end of the connecting rope 213 away from the sealing ring 216. The storage ring 223 is a shrinking device with a winding device inside in the prior art. The shrinking device inside allows the connecting rope 213 to be stored normally when it is normally shrinking. However, when the speed of winding or unwinding of the connecting rope 213 suddenly increases, the connecting rope 213 is locked. The principle is the same as that of the safety belt technology in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] A fixing ring 215 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting block 209 near the suction telescopic tube 206. A fixing spring 219 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing ring 215. A pneumatic ring 218 is fixedly installed on the other end of the fixing spring 219, and a storage ring 223 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring 218. A connecting bolt 221 is slidably snapped onto the end of the storage ring 223 away from the connecting rope 213. An air-sealing plate 220 is placed and installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring 218 near the connecting bolt 221. Multiple stops 222 are provided on the outer wall of the air-sealing plate 220 near the air-sealing plate 220. The connecting bolt 221 is configured as a block that slides at a certain angle on the outer wall of the connecting bolt 221. When the stop 222 moves into the gap between the air-sealing plate 220 and the pneumatic ring 218, the stop 222 no longer fixes the housing ring 223 to the connecting bolt 221. At the same time, the stop 222 pops up, pulling out the air-sealing plate 220, causing the air-sealing plate 220 to disengage from the pneumatic ring 218. Under air pressure, the connecting bolt 221 moves to block the end of the fixing ring 215 away from the pneumatic ring 218, thus blocking the air intake. A control spring 224 is provided between the air-sealing plate 220 and the connecting bolt 221. To prevent the suction force from increasing during normal operation, the control spring 224 prevents the stop block 222 from moving into the gap between the air-sealing plate 220 and the pneumatic ring 218. Specifically, when the suction pump 205 starts working, the sealing ring 216 and the pneumatic ring 218 move synchronously, and one of the suction telescopic tubes 206 breaks... When there is a leak, the installation spring 217 on the leaking side pushes the sealing ring 216 to move, and at the same time the connecting rope 213 pulls the storage ring 223 to move a certain distance, so that the stop block 222 moves to the gap between the air-sealing plate 220 and the pneumatic ring 218. The air-sealing plate 220 is separated from the pneumatic ring 218. The air-sealing plate 220 and the connecting bolt 221 move under the action of air pressure to block the end of the fixing ring 215 away from the pneumatic ring 218, thus blocking the air intake and preventing the pipe from breaking and leaking during long-term operation, which would lead to insufficient suction.

[0039] A trigger is provided at the snap-fit ​​position of the connecting bolt 221 near the storage ring 223. A control line 214 is fixedly installed at the output end of the trigger. An inter-connection valve 211 is fixedly installed between the connecting blocks 209. The aforementioned inter-connection valve 211 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The end of the control line 214 away from the trigger is fixedly installed at the control end of the inter-connection valve 211. When the connecting bolt 221 is disengaged from the storage ring 223, the trigger provided on the inner wall of the connecting bolt 221 is triggered. The trigger controls the inter-connection valve 211 to open through the control line 214, thereby completing the switching.

[0040] The suction head mechanism 3 includes a suction ring 303, which is existing technology. The suction ring 303 has a rotating filter inside to filter and remove impurities carried by the gas drawn into it. Further details are omitted here. The suction ring 303 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting telescopic rod 204. The input end of the suction ring 303 is connected to the lower end of the air transmission telescopic tube 207 via an air supply pipe. A mounting plate is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the suction ring 303. A suction box 304 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate near the upper end of the air transmission telescopic tube 207. A threaded cylinder 315 is slidably fitted onto the lower end of the suction ring 303. The threaded cylinder 315 slides up and down on the outer wall of the suction ring 303 without rotating during sliding. A driven gear ring 316 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded cylinder 315. A protective sleeve 307 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate near the lower end of the driven gear ring 316. The protective sleeve 307 prevents debris from contacting the driven gear ring 316 and causing damage to the driven gear ring 316, thus providing protection. The lower end of the protective sleeve 307 is fixedly installed with an air intake head 301. The threaded cylinder 315 is fixedly installed with an adjusting ring 317 near the lower end of the air intake head 301. The lower end of the adjusting ring 317 is provided with an anti-reverse bracket. The anti-reverse bracket prevents the air intake head 301 from flipping into the interior of the adjusting ring 317 due to the negative pressure generated when it starts to intake air, which would make it impossible to control the diameter of the air intake head 301. When the adjusting ring 317 moves downward, it pushes the diameter of the air intake port of the air intake head 301 to increase, thereby controlling the diameter of the air intake hole. It also makes the air intake port at the lower end of the air intake head 301 located at the lower end of the adjusting ring 317, and the air intake head 301 protrudes a part, making it more convenient for the adjusting ring 317 to control the intake diameter of the air intake head 301 when it is intake air.

[0041] The driven gear ring 316 is meshed with the drive gear 314 at its side end. An adjusting motor 308 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the suction box 304 near the drive gear 314. This adjusting motor 308 is prior art and is controlled by the control console 104 in the mounting device; details will not be elaborated here. A drive shaft 313 is fixedly installed at the output end of the adjusting motor 308. A first gear and a second gear are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 313, and the first gear of the drive shaft 313 meshes with the drive gear 314. The second gear of shaft 313 is meshed with the transmission gear 312. An adjusting screw 311 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the intake box 304. The gear ring at the lower end of the adjusting screw 311 is meshed with the transmission gear 312. Specifically, when the adjusting motor 308 is started, the second gear of the drive shaft 313 causes the transmission gear 312 to drive the adjusting screw 311 to start rotating. At the same time, the transmission rod at the lower end of the drive shaft 313 causes the driving gear 314 to rotate, causing the driven gear ring 316 to start rotating, thereby controlling the threaded cylinder 315 to start moving up and down.

[0042] A brush plate 310 is threaded onto the outer wall of the threaded rod at the upper end of the adjusting screw 311. A sliding frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the suction box 304 near the brush plate 310, and the brush plate 310 is slidably mounted on the sliding frame. The sliding frame prevents the brush plate 310 threaded onto the outer wall of the adjusting screw 311 from rotating with the adjusting screw 311 during rotation. The sliding frame serves to limit and guide the movement. A resistance rod 309 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the suction box 304 near the brush plate 310, and the brush plate 310 is slidably mounted on the outer wall of the resistance rod 309. A data cable 305 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the resistance rod 309, and a mounting bracket is fixedly installed at the end of the data cable 305 away from the resistance rod 309. The processor 302 has a signal line 306 fixedly installed on its upper end near the suction pump 205, and the end of the signal line 306 away from the processor 302 is fixedly installed on the control terminal of the suction pump 205. Specifically, when the regulating motor 308 is started, the brush plate 310 moves on the outer wall of the resistor rod 309, and the resistance data of the resistor rod 309 changes. The data line 305 transmits the resistance data change to the processor 302. The processor 302 processes the resistance data change and controls the suction power of the suction pump 205 through the signal line 306. Thus, when switching to pick up electronic components of different sizes, the suction power can be adjusted in time according to the size of the suction head 301 to avoid the failure of picking up electronic components due to insufficient suction.

[0043] It should be noted that the proportions of the device parts in the above diagram differ from those of the displayed parts, and the image structure is only for reference regarding the structural operating principle.

[0044] The mounting method of the mounting device of the present invention is as follows: When it is necessary to mount electronic components on a PCB board, the PCB board stored in the storage rack 106 is moved to the upper end of the appropriate placement rack 103. The control console 104 controls the rotating motor 109 to start rotating the rotating rod 201, rotates the mounting telescopic rod 202 to a suitable angle, starts the mounting telescopic rod 202, and after the mounting telescopic rod 202 extends and pushes the fixing box 203 to a suitable position, the suction pump 205 and the picking telescopic rod 204 are started, so that the suction head 301 starts to suck air and descend to pick up the electronic components. When the size of the electronic components changes, the adjusting motor 308 starts to work, and the transmission rod set at the lower end of the drive shaft 313 causes the driving gear 314 to rotate, so that the driven gear ring 316 starts to rotate. The threaded cylinder 315 drives the adjusting ring 317 to start to move downward. The adjusting ring 317 pushes the suction port diameter of the suction head 301 to increase, thereby controlling the size of the suction hole diameter.

[0045] Meanwhile, the gear on the drive shaft 313 causes the transmission gear 312 to drive the adjusting screw 311 to start rotating, the brush plate 310 moves on the outer wall of the resistor rod 309, the resistance data of the resistor rod 309 changes, the data line 305 transmits the resistance data change to the processor 302, the processor 302 processes the resistance data change and controls the suction power of the suction pump 205 through the signal line 306, so that when switching to pick up electronic components of different sizes, the suction power can be adjusted in time according to the size of the suction head 301, avoiding the failure of picking up electronic components due to insufficient suction;

[0046] Furthermore, when one of the suction telescopic tubes 206 ages and breaks after prolonged operation, and the suction pump 205 starts working, the sealing ring 216 and the pneumatic ring 218 move synchronously. When one of the suction telescopic tubes 206 breaks and leaks air, the mounting spring 217 on the leaking side pushes the sealing ring 216 to move. At the same time, the connecting rope 213 pulls the storage ring 223 to move a certain distance, causing the stop block 222 to move into the gap between the air-sealing plate 220 and the pneumatic ring 218. The air-sealing plate 220 separates from the pneumatic ring 218. Under the action of air pressure, the air-sealing plate 220 and the connecting bolt 221 move to block the end of the fixing ring 215 away from the pneumatic ring 218, thus blocking the air intake and preventing insufficient suction caused by pipe rupture and leakage after prolonged operation.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCB board mounting device, comprising a workbench (1), a moving frame (101), a conveyor frame (102), a placement frame (103), and a control console (104), characterized in that: A storage rack (106) is provided on the upper end of the workbench (1) near the conveyor (102). An installation box (108) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the workbench (1) near the control console (104). A rotary motor (109) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the installation box (108). A suction mechanism (2) for picking up and installing electronic components is provided at the output end of the rotary motor (109). The suction mechanism (2) includes a rotating rod (201), and the rotating rod (201) is fixedly installed on the rotary motor. The output end of the motor (109) is provided with the rotating rod (201) rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the mounting box (108). The side end of the rotating rod (201) is fixedly mounted with the mounting telescopic rod (202). The output end of the mounting telescopic rod (202) is fixedly mounted with the fixed box (203). The lower end of the fixed box (203) is fixedly mounted with the picking telescopic rod (204). The lower end of the picking telescopic rod (204) is provided with a suction head mechanism (3) that can pick up electronic components of different sizes. An air pump (205) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the telescopic rod (202) near the rotating rod (201). An air block (208) is fixedly installed on the air intake end of the air pump (205). A connecting block (209) is symmetrically installed on the end of the air block (208) away from the air pump (205). An air intake telescopic tube (206) is fixedly connected to the air intake end of each connecting block (209). An installation ring (212) is fixedly installed on the end of each air intake telescopic tube (206) away from the connecting block (209). An air vent plate (210) is fixedly installed on the end of each installation ring (212) away from the air intake telescopic tube (206). An air transmission telescopic tube (207) is fixedly installed on the lower end of each air vent plate (210). An installation spring (217) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the installation ring (212). A sealing ring (216) is fixedly installed on the other end of the installation spring (217). A connecting rope (213) is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing ring (216) near the installation spring (217). A storage ring (223) for winding and storing the connecting rope (213) is provided on the end of the connecting rope (213) away from the sealing ring (216). A fixing ring (215) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the connecting block (209) near the air-suction telescopic tube (206). A fixing spring (219) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing ring (215). A pneumatic ring (218) is fixedly installed on the other end of the fixing spring (219). The storage ring (223) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring (218). A connecting bolt (221) is slidably snapped to the end of the storage ring (223) away from the connecting rope (213). An air-sealing plate (220) is placed and installed on the inner wall of the pneumatic ring (218) near the connecting bolt (221). Multiple stops (222) are provided on the outer wall of the connecting bolt (221) near the air-sealing plate (220). A control spring (224) is provided between the air-sealing plate (220) and the connecting bolt (221).

2. The PCB board mounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trigger is provided at the buckle position of the connecting bolt (221) near the storage ring (223). A control line (214) is fixedly installed at the output end of the trigger. An inter-connection valve (211) is fixedly installed between the connecting blocks (209), and the end of the control line (214) away from the trigger is fixedly installed at the control end of the inter-connection valve (211).

3. The PCB board mounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction head mechanism (3) includes a suction ring (303), which is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting telescopic rod (204). The input end of the suction ring (303) is connected to the lower end of the air transmission telescopic tube (207) through an air supply pipe. An installation plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the suction ring (303). An air suction box (304) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the installation plate near the air transmission telescopic tube (207). A threaded cylinder (315) is slidably sleeved on the lower end of the suction ring (303). A driven gear ring (316) is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded cylinder (315). A protective sleeve (307) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the installation plate near the driven gear ring (316). An air suction head (301) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the protective sleeve (307). An adjustment ring (317) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the threaded cylinder (315) near the air suction head (301).

4. The PCB board mounting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven gear ring (316) is meshed with the drive gear (314) on its side end. An adjustment motor (308) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box (304) near the drive gear (314). A drive shaft (313) is fixedly installed at the output end of the adjustment motor (308). A first gear and a second gear are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (313). The first gear of the drive shaft (313) meshes with the drive gear (314). The second gear of the drive shaft (313) is meshed with a transmission gear (312). An adjustment screw (311) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the air intake box (304). A gear ring provided at the lower end of the adjustment screw (311) meshes with the transmission gear (312).

5. A PCB board mounting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A brush plate (310) is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod at the upper end of the adjusting screw (311). A sliding frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box (304) near the brush plate (310), and the brush plate (310) is slidably mounted on the sliding frame. A resistor rod (309) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air intake box (304) near the brush plate (310), and the brush plate (310) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the resistor rod (309). A data line (305) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the resistor rod (309). A processor (302) is fixedly installed at the end of the data line (305) away from the resistor rod (309). A signal line (306) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the processor (302) near the air intake pump (205), and the end of the signal line (306) away from the processor (302) is fixedly installed at the control end of the air intake pump (205).

6. A mounting method for a PCB board mounting apparatus, used in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: When electronic components need to be mounted on a PCB board, move the PCB board stored in the storage rack (106) to the upper end of the appropriate placement rack (103), control the rotating motor (109) through the control console (104) to start rotating the rotating rod (201), rotate the mounting telescopic rod (202) to the appropriate angle, start the mounting telescopic rod (202), after the mounting telescopic rod (202) extends and pushes the fixed box (203) to the appropriate position, start the suction pump (205). The suction head (301) and the lifting telescopic rod (204) cause the suction head (301) to start suction and descend to pick up the electronic components. When the size of the electronic components changes, the adjusting motor (308) starts to work, and the transmission rod set at the lower end of the drive shaft (313) causes the driving gear (314) to rotate, causing the driven gear ring (316) to start rotating. The threaded cylinder (315) drives the adjusting ring (317) to start to move downward. The adjusting ring (317) pushes the suction port diameter of the suction head (301) to increase, thereby controlling the size of the suction hole diameter. At the same time, the gear set on the drive shaft (313) causes the transmission gear (312) to drive the adjusting screw (311) to start rotating, the brush plate (310) moves on the outer wall of the resistor rod (309), the resistance data of the resistor rod (309) changes, the data line (305) transmits the resistance data change to the processor (302), the processor (302) processes the resistance data change and controls the suction power of the suction pump (205) through the signal line (306), so that when switching to pick up electronic components of different sizes, the suction power can be adjusted in time according to the size of the suction head (301) to avoid the failure of picking up electronic components due to insufficient suction. S2: When one of the suction telescopic tubes (206) ages and breaks after long-term operation, when the suction pump (205) starts to work, the sealing ring (216) and the pneumatic ring (218) move synchronously. When one of the suction telescopic tubes (206) breaks and leaks air, the installation spring (217) on the leaking side pushes the sealing ring (216) to move. At the same time, the connecting rope (213) pulls the storage ring (223) to move a certain distance, so that the stop block (222) moves to the gap between the air-sealing plate (220) and the pneumatic ring (218). The air-sealing plate (220) separates from the pneumatic ring (218). The air-sealing plate (220) and the connecting bolt (221) move under the action of air pressure to block the end of the fixing ring (215) away from the pneumatic ring (218), thus blocking the air intake and avoiding the pipe rupture and leakage caused by long-term operation, resulting in insufficient suction.

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