A three-axis drill and tap machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of drilling and tapping, and particularly relates to a three-axis drilling and tapping machine, which comprises a machine body, a driving end, a clamping fixture, a tool magazine, and a shank, wherein the outer periphery of the shank is provided with a deformation part, the deformation part has a first state of being clamped with the inner wall of the clamping opening and a second state of being separated from the inner wall of the clamping opening, when the driving end moves from a first position to a second position, the unlocking part acts on the deformation part, the deformation part is switched from the first state to the second state, the shank is separated from the clamping opening and can move to a third position along the main shaft, when the driving end moves from the third position to the second position, the unlocking part is separated from the deformation part, the deformation part is switched from the second state to the first state, and the shank is separated from the main shaft and clamped in the clamping opening through the deformation part. Through the setting of the tool storage device, more specifications of tools can be stored, and the tool adaptation range of the equipment is greatly expanded. Through the setting of the deformation part and the unlocking part, the linkage of the main shaft movement process and the tool changing action is realized, and the rise of the equipment manufacturing cost caused by the structural complication is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling and tapping technology, and in particular to a three-axis drilling and tapping machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, drilling and tapping machines, as automated processing equipment integrating drilling and tapping functions, are widely used in mass production scenarios such as electronic components, automotive parts, and communication equipment. With continuously increasing production requirements, the processing efficiency and automation level of drilling and tapping machines have become core indicators for measuring equipment performance, while tool storage capacity and tool changing efficiency are key factors affecting processing efficiency.

[0003] When drilling multiple holes on the same workpiece, holes of different diameters and depths may be required. However, traditional drilling machines often only support one type of drill bit. If different depths and sizes of holes need to be drilled, manual disassembly and reassembly are required, which is inefficient. To solve the above problems, patent application number 201921058195.X discloses a drilling and tapping device that facilitates tool changing. This device has four spindles mounted on the second guide rail of the central plate, and four tools of different sizes are mounted on the four spindles. During use, the position of the specified spindle is switched by moving the machine in the positive or negative direction of the horizontal direction (x-axis) to change the tool.

[0004] While the aforementioned device reduces the steps required for tool changing using a robotic arm, thus improving tool changing efficiency, it still has drawbacks. For example, the number of replaceable tools is relatively low. Drilling machines typically require a large number of tool changes, while the aforementioned device has a smaller number of tools. Furthermore, if multiple tools are to be placed in the device, the length of the through-plate needs to be significantly extended, resulting in an excessively large through-plate volume. This not only poses a weight disadvantage during use but also occupies a considerable amount of space, making it less practical. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, the present invention aims to provide a technical solution that can solve the above problems.

[0006] A three-axis drilling and tapping machine, comprising:

[0007] The machine body has a slide rail vertically arranged along its upper edge, and a drilling and tapping ram is slidably mounted on the slide rail. A worktable is located on the machine body below the drilling and tapping ram.

[0008] The drive end is located at the bottom of the drill and tap slide. The drill and tap slide can drive the drive end to move vertically relative to the worktable surface between the first position, the second position and the third position. The drive end includes a rotatable spindle and an unlocking part located on one side of the spindle.

[0009] A clamping fixture is set on the worktable and can move horizontally or vertically on the worktable.

[0010] The tool storage device includes a bracket, which is mounted on the machine body and located between the drilling and tapping ram and the worktable. The bracket is equipped with a tool magazine, which includes a tool holder and a tool disc rotatably mounted at the bottom of the tool holder. The outer periphery of the tool disc has multiple clamping slots, and each clamping slot is equipped with a tool holder. The central axis of one of the tool holders coincides with the central axis of the spindle. The bottom of each tool holder is equipped with a tool of a different specification.

[0011] The tool holder has a deformation part on its outer periphery. The deformation part has a first state in which it is engaged with the inner wall of the clamp and a second state in which it is separated from the inner wall of the clamp. When the drive end moves from the first position to the second position, the unlocking part acts on the deformation part to switch the deformation part from the first state to the second state. The tool holder is disengaged from the clamp and can move with the spindle to the third position. When the drive end moves from the third position to the second position, the unlocking part disengages from the deformation part, the deformation part switches from the second state to the first state, and the tool holder is disengaged from the spindle and engaged in the clamp through the deformation part.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the top of the tool holder is provided with a slot for the spindle to extend into. The slot is composed of a first slot segment and a second slot segment that are connected vertically. The width of the first slot segment is greater than the width of the second slot segment. The second slot segment is rectangular. A square key is slidably arranged in the second slot segment. A first spring is provided between the square key and the inner bottom wall of the second slot segment. Several steel ball limiting holes communicating with the first slot segment are provided on the surface of the tool holder along its circumference. Steel balls are provided in the steel ball limiting holes. A slot for steel balls to be inserted is provided on the surface of the spindle. A rectangular slot adapted to the square key is provided at the bottom of the spindle. A movable sleeve is provided on the outer side of the tool holder. A steel ball exit groove is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve near its upper end face. An annular boss is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder below the movable sleeve. A second spring is provided between the annular boss and the movable sleeve.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the deformable part includes an elastic sleeve and two clamps. A circumferential groove is formed on the surface of the handle below the annular boss. The elastic sleeve is fitted outside the circumferential groove. The upper and lower edges of the elastic sleeve are respectively pressed against the surface of the handle by the two clamps. The elastic sleeve and the circumferential groove form a first space. A second space communicating with the first space is provided inside the handle. A piston is provided in the second space. A sliding groove is also formed on the surface of the handle. The sliding groove communicates with the second space. A sliding rod is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The lower end of the sliding rod extends into the second space and is connected to the piston. The upper end of the sliding rod is connected to the movable sleeve.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the top of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of bearing seats arranged in a ring, the number of bearing seats being the same as the number of clamps, and each bearing seat corresponding to each clamp. A slider is slidably provided on the top of the bearing seat, the slider being made of magnetic material, and a baffle is provided on the top of the slider. An opening is provided on the baffle, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the movable sleeve and larger than the diameter of the cutter handle. An electromagnet is provided on the top of the bearing seat near the clamp.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: a first through groove is provided on the support base, penetrating its top and bottom; a second through groove is provided on the cutter head, communicating with the first through groove; two support blocks are provided on both sides of the top of the support base located on the first through groove; the support blocks are positioned away from the electromagnet; a tension spring is provided between the support blocks and the slider; under the action of the tension spring, the slider tends to move away from the clamp; a sensing unit is provided on one of the support blocks; a sensing surface is provided on the other support block; the sensing end of the sensing unit faces the sensing surface; and the sensing unit is electrically connected to the electromagnet.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the unlocking part includes a first unlocking plate and a second unlocking plate spaced apart. The first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate are both composed of a first plate body and a second plate body connected vertically. The first plate body is in the shape of a right trapezoid, and the second plate body is in the shape of a rectangle. The first plate body has a first inclined surface, and the slider is provided with a second inclined surface for cooperating with the first inclined surface. A gear is rotatably arranged between the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate. A movable frame is also slidably arranged between the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate. A movable plate is provided at the bottom of the movable frame. The length of the movable plate is less than the length of the second plate body, and the movable plate is located near the bottom end of the second plate body. The movable frame can move back and forth laterally so that the movable plate can extend into or retract from the gap between the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate. A first rack is provided at the top of the movable frame. The width of the first rack is less than one-third of the width of the gear, and the first rack meshes with the gear.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: a second rack and a third rack are slidably disposed on opposite sides of the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate, respectively. The second rack and the third rack are both less than one-third of the width of the gear. The second rack and the third rack mesh with the gear. The second rack is disposed horizontally above the gear, and the third rack is disposed vertically on the side of the gear near the first inclined surface. The end of the second rack faces the second inclined surface and the end of the second rack passes through the gap between the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate. A strip-shaped groove is provided on the second unlocking plate. The central axis of the strip-shaped groove coincides with the central axis of the third rack. The machine body is provided with a reset rod. When the drilling ram is in the first position, the reset rod extends into the strip-shaped groove.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: both the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate are provided with strip-shaped holes, and a bolt is inserted through one of the strip-shaped holes. A mounting plate is provided on the side of the drill tap slide. The lower end of the mounting plate extends into the gap between the first unlocking plate and the second unlocking plate. A through hole is provided on the mounting plate. The end of the bolt extends into one of the strip-shaped holes, passes through the through hole, and exits through the other strip-shaped hole before being screwed with a nut.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: the inner wall of the clamp is provided with an annular groove for the deformation part to be embedded.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: there are two tool magazines and two unlocking parts. The two tool magazines are movably mounted on the bracket, and the two unlocking parts are respectively mounted on both sides of the spindle.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. With the tool storage device, it can store 1 to 18 or even more tools of different specifications. Compared with the traditional drilling and tapping machine's storage capacity of 4 tools, it greatly expands the tool compatibility range of the equipment.

[0023] 2. By setting up the deformation part and the unlocking part, the linkage between the spindle movement process and the tool changing action is realized. There is no need to add additional structures such as tool changing guide rails and independent drive motors, which are common in traditional improvement schemes. This avoids the increase in equipment manufacturing costs and floor space caused by structural complexity.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slot portion structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the card slot portion of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle portion of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the movable frame part of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first unlocking plate part of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing surface portion of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second unlocking plate part of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Machine body, 11. Slide rail, 12. Drilling and tapping slide, 13. Worktable, 14. Lead screw, 15. Lead nut, 16. First motor, 17. Reset rod, 18. Mounting plate, 19. Through hole;

[0037] 2. Drive end; 21. Main shaft; 22. Unlocking part; 23. Second motor; 24. Slot; 25. Rectangular slot; 221. First unlocking plate; 222. Second unlocking plate; 223. First plate body; 224. Second plate body; 225. First inclined surface; 226. Gear; 227. Movable frame; 228. Movable plate; 229. First rack; 2210. Second rack; 2211. Third rack; 2212. Strip groove; 2213. Strip hole; 2214. Bolt; 2215. Nut;

[0038] 3. Clamping fixture; 31. First linear module; 32. Second linear module;

[0039] 4. Tool storage device; 41. Support; 42. Tool magazine; 43. Cylinder; 44. Synchronizing rod; 421. Tool holder; 422. Tool disc; 423. Clamp; 424. Third motor; 425. Second through slot; 426. Annular groove.

[0040] 5. Handle; 51. Deformation part; 52. Slot; 53. Square key; 54. First spring; 55. Steel ball limiting hole; 56. Steel ball; 57. Movable sleeve; 58. Steel ball exit groove; 59. Annular boss; 510. Second spring; 511. Elastic sleeve; 512. Clamp; 513. Circumferential groove; 514. First space; 515. Second space; 516. Piston; 517. Slide groove; 518. Slide rod;

[0041] 6. Knives;

[0042] 7. Support base; 71. Slider; 72. Baffle; 73. Opening; 74. Electromagnet; 75. First through slot; 76. Support block; 77. Tension spring; 78. Sensing unit; 79. Sensing surface; 710. Second inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please see Figures 1-9 In this embodiment of the invention, a three-axis drilling and tapping machine includes a machine body 1, a drive end 2, a clamping fixture 3, and a tool storage device 4;

[0045] A slide rail 11 is vertically arranged on the machine body 1, and a drilling and tapping ram 12 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 11. A worktable 13 is provided on the machine body 1 below the drilling and tapping ram 12. During operation, the drilling and tapping ram 12 is driven to move vertically by a lead screw assembly arranged on the machine body 1. The lead screw assembly includes a lead screw 14, a lead screw nut 15 sleeved on the lead screw 14, and a first motor 16 for driving the lead screw 14 to rotate. The lead screw nut 15 is connected to the drilling and tapping ram 12. The first motor 16 drives the lead screw 14 to rotate, causing the lead screw nut 15 to move axially along the lead screw 14, thereby driving the drilling and tapping ram 12 to move reciprocally vertically.

[0046] The drive end 2 is located at the bottom of the drill and tap slide 12. The drill and tap slide 12 can drive the drive end 2 to move vertically relative to the worktable surface 13 between a first position, a second position, and a third position. The drive end 2 includes a rotatable spindle 21 and an unlocking part 22 located on one side of the spindle 21. The spindle 21 serves as a power transmission component. During operation, the spindle 21 is driven to rotate by a second motor 23 mounted on the drill and tap slide 12. The spindle 21 then drives the tool 6 to rotate to perform drilling or tapping operations. It should be noted that the drive end 2 completes the connection or separation of the spindle 21 from the tool holder 5 in the second position. After connecting with the tool holder 5, the tool 6 moves to the third position under the drive of the spindle 21 to perform hole machining.

[0047] The clamping fixture 3 is set on the worktable 13 and can move horizontally or vertically on the worktable 13. During operation, the clamping fixture 3 is moved by the first linear module 31 and the second linear module 32 set on the worktable 13. The second linear module 32 is set on the movable end of the first linear module 31. The driving directions of the first linear module 31 and the second linear module 32 are perpendicular to each other. The moving paths of the movable ends of the first linear module 31 and the second linear module 32 both pass under the drill ram 12. The clamping fixture 3 is set on the movable end of the second linear module 32.

[0048] The tool storage device 4 includes a bracket 41, which is mounted on the machine body 1 and located between the drilling and tapping slide 12 and the worktable 13. The bracket 41 is equipped with a tool magazine 42, which includes a tool holder 421 and a tool disc 422 rotatably mounted at the bottom of the tool holder 421. The outer periphery of the tool disc 422 has multiple clamping slots 423, and each clamping slot 423 is equipped with a tool holder 5. The central axis of one of the tool holders 5 coincides with the central axis of the spindle 21. The bottom of each tool holder 5 is equipped with a tool 6 of different specifications. The tool 6 is a hole-making tool, such as a twist drill, deep hole drill, flat drill, tap, etc. During operation, the tool disc 422 is rotated by a third motor 424 mounted on the tool holder 421, so that any tool 6 on the tool disc 422 moves to below the spindle 21.

[0049] The tool holder 5 has a deformation part 51 on its outer periphery. The deformation part 51 has a first state in which it is engaged with the inner wall of the clamp 423 and a second state in which it is separated from the inner wall of the clamp 423. When the drive end 2 moves from the first position to the second position, the unlocking part 22 acts on the deformation part 51 to switch the deformation part 51 from the first state to the second state. The tool holder 5 is disengaged from the clamp 423 and can move to the third position with the spindle 21. When the drive end 2 moves from the third position to the second position, the unlocking part 22 is disengaged from the deformation part 51. The deformation part 51 is switched from the second state to the first state. The tool holder 5 is disengaged from the spindle 21 and is engaged in the clamp 423 through the deformation part 51.

[0050] The machine body 1 serves as the carrier of this device, providing installation positions for each component. The tool storage device 4 is used to store the tool 6. The spindle 21 serves as the power transmission component, used to drive the tool 6 to rotate. The clamping fixture 3 is used to clamp and fix the workpiece. In use, the workpiece is placed on the clamping fixture 3. The first linear module 31 and the second linear module 32 can drive the workpiece to move laterally or longitudinally to perform hole machining at different positions on the workpiece. After the workpiece is in the appropriate position, the drill and tap slide 12 drives the spindle 21 to move from the first position to the second position, so that the spindle 21 is connected to the tool holder 5 located below it. The tool holder 5 connected to the spindle 21 is disengaged from the tool disc 422 and, driven by the spindle 21, moves from the second position to the third position to perform hole machining on the workpiece. After machining, the spindle 21 drives the tool holder 5 to move from the third position to the second position, and the tool holder 5 is separated from the spindle 21 at the second position. Then, the spindle 21 continues to move back to the first position. When changing tools, the spindle 21 is in the first position, and the tool disc 422 rotates to drive the corresponding tool 6 to move below the spindle 21 to achieve tool changing.

[0051] The top of the tool holder 5 has a slot 52 for the spindle 21 to extend into. The slot 52 consists of a first slot segment and a second slot segment that are connected vertically. The width of the first slot segment is greater than the width of the second slot segment. The second slot segment is rectangular. A square key 53 is slidably arranged in the second slot segment. A first spring 54 is provided between the square key 53 and the inner bottom wall of the second slot segment. Several steel ball limiting holes 55 communicating with the first slot segment are opened along the circumference of the surface of the tool holder 5. Steel balls 56 are provided in the steel ball limiting holes 55. The surface of the spindle 21 has a slot 24 for the steel balls 56 to be inserted. The bottom of the spindle 21 has a rectangular slot 25 that matches the square key 53. A movable sleeve 57 is fitted over the tool holder 5. A steel ball exit groove 58 is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 57 near its upper end face. An annular boss 59 is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder 5 below the movable sleeve 57. A second spring 510 is provided between the annular boss 59 and the movable sleeve 57. During the connection process between the spindle 21 and the tool holder 5, the spindle 21 extends into the slot 52, the square key 53 extends into the rectangular groove 25, and the movable sleeve 57 maintains an upward trend under the action of the second spring 510, so that the steel ball exits the groove 58 and moves away from the steel ball 56. The inner wall of the movable sleeve 57 abuts against the steel ball 56, so that the steel ball 56 is embedded in the slot 24 to realize the connection between the spindle 21 and the tool holder 5. It should be noted that the steel ball limiting hole 55 is trumpet-shaped, and the small diameter end of the steel ball limiting hole 55 is close to the slot 52. In this way, the steel ball 56 is prevented from completely leaving the steel ball limiting hole 55 and entering the slot 52, which would affect the operation of the equipment.

[0052] The deformable part 51 includes an elastic sleeve 511 and two clamps 512. A circumferential groove 513 is formed on the surface of the handle 5 below the annular boss 59. The elastic sleeve 511 is fitted over the circumferential groove 513. The upper and lower edges of the elastic sleeve 511 are pressed against the surface of the handle 5 by the two clamps 512. The elastic sleeve 511 and the circumferential groove 513 form a first space 514. A second space 515 communicating with the first space 514 is provided inside the handle 5. A piston 516 is provided inside the second space 515. A sliding groove 517 is also formed on the surface of the handle 5. The sliding groove 517 communicates with the second space 515. A sliding rod 518 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 517. The lower end of the sliding rod 518 extends into the second space 515 and is connected to the piston 516. The upper end of the sliding rod 518 is connected to the movable sleeve 57. It should be noted that the first space 514 and the second space 515 are filled with a medium, which can be gas or liquid. After the spindle 21 and the tool holder 5 are connected, the movable sleeve 57 moves upward under the action of the second spring 510, which drives the piston 516 to move upward in the second space 515, thereby drawing the medium in the first space 514 into the second space 515 to change the volume of the first space 514, so that the deformable part 51 is in the second state, and the tool holder 5 can be disengaged from the clamp 423.

[0053] The top of the cutter head 422 is provided with multiple ring-shaped support seats 7. The number of support seats 7 is the same as the number of clamps 423, and each support seat 7 corresponds one-to-one with each clamp 423. A slider 71 is slidably mounted on the top of the support seat 7. The slider 71 is made of magnetic material, and a baffle 72 is provided on the top of the slider 71. The baffle 72 has an opening 73, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the movable sleeve 57 and larger than the diameter of the cutter handle 5. An electromagnet 74 is provided on the top of the support seat 7 near the clamp 423. When the slider 71 and the electromagnet 74 are attracted, the baffle 72 is located above the clamp 423, and the bottom of the baffle 72 abuts against the top of the movable sleeve 57, so that the second spring 510 is in a compressed state, allowing the steel ball exit groove 58 to approach the steel ball 56. The steel ball 56 can then disengage from the slot 24 and roll into the steel ball exit groove 58.

[0054] The support base 7 has a first through groove 75 that runs through its top and bottom. The cutter head 422 has a second through groove 425 that communicates with the first through groove 75. The top of the support base 7 has two support blocks 76 on both sides of the first through groove 75. The support blocks 76 are positioned away from the electromagnet 74. A tension spring 77 is provided between the support blocks 76 and the slider 71. Under the action of the tension spring 77, the slider 71 tends to move away from the clamp 423. One of the support blocks 76 has a sensing unit 78, and the other support block 76 has a sensing surface 79. The sensing end of the sensing unit 78 faces the sensing surface 79. The sensing unit 78 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 74. It should be noted that the sensing unit 78 is a mirror-reflective photoelectric sensor, and the sensing surface 79 is a reflector. The rays emitted by the mirror-reflective photoelectric sensor hit the reflector and return to the receiving surface of the mirror-reflective photoelectric sensor under the action of the reflector. The reflector photoelectric sensor sends a signal to keep the electromagnet 74 working. When the drive end 2 moves to the second position, the spindle 21 extends into the slot 52 of the tool holder 5, and the unlocking part 22 extends into the first through slot 75 and the second through slot 425. The rays emitted by the mirror-reflective photoelectric sensor are blocked by the unlocking part 22. The reflector photoelectric sensor sends a signal to stop the electromagnet 74 from working. The slider 71 moves away from the electromagnet 74 under the action of the tension spring 77, thereby driving the baffle 72 away from the movable sleeve 57. The second spring 510 naturally opens, and the movable sleeve 57 moves upward under the action of the second spring 510, so that the spindle 21 and the tool holder 5 are connected.

[0055] The unlocking unit 22 includes a first unlocking plate 221 and a second unlocking plate 222 spaced apart. Both the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222 are composed of a first plate body 223 and a second plate body 224 connected vertically. The first plate body 223 is a right-angled trapezoid, and the second plate body 224 is rectangular. The first plate body 223 has a first inclined surface 225. The slider 71 has a second inclined surface 710 for engaging with the first inclined surface 225. A gear 226 is rotatably arranged between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222. A movable frame 227 is slidably arranged between the two plates. A movable plate 228 is located at the bottom of the movable frame 227. The length of the movable plate 228 is less than the length of the second plate 224, and the movable plate 228 is positioned near the bottom of the second plate 224. The movable frame 227 can move laterally back and forth, allowing the movable plate 228 to extend into or retract from the gap between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222. A first rack 229 is located at the top of the movable frame 227. The width of the first rack 229 is less than one-third the width of the gear 226, and the first rack 229 meshes with the gear 226. (See reference...) Figure 7When the unlocking part 22 extends into the first through slot 75 and the second through slot 425, the rays emitted by the mirror-reflected photoelectric sensor are blocked by the movable plate 228. The reflected photoelectric sensor sends a signal to stop the electromagnet 74 from working, the baffle 72 moves away from the movable sleeve 57, and the spindle 21 and the tool holder 5 are connected. Subsequently, refer to Figure 8 The spindle 21 drives the tool holder 5 to move down to the third position for hole machining. During this process, the unlocking part 22 continues to descend with the spindle 21 so that the first inclined surface 225 contacts the second inclined surface 710, pushing the slider 71 close to the electromagnet 74. At this time, the movable plate 228 moves away from the mirror reflection photoelectric sensor, the electromagnet 74 resumes operation and attracts the slider 71, and the baffle returns to above the clamp 423.

[0056] A second rack 2210 and a third rack 2211 are slidably disposed on opposite sides of the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222, respectively. Both the second rack 2210 and the third rack 2211 are less than one-third the width of the gear 226. The second rack 2210 and the third rack 2211 mesh with the gear 226. The second rack 2210 is horizontally disposed above the gear 226, and the third rack 2211 is vertically disposed near the first inclined surface 22 of the gear 226. On one side of 5, the end of the second rack 2210 faces the second inclined surface 710. The end of the second rack 2210 passes through the gap between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222. A strip groove 2212 is provided on the second unlocking plate 222. The central axis of the strip groove 2212 coincides with the central axis of the third rack 2211. The machine body 1 is provided with a reset rod 17. When the drilling slide 12 is in the first position, the reset rod 17 extends into the strip groove 2212. After the spindle 21 moves the tool 6 to the third position, the second inclined plane 710 pushes the second rack 2210 to move away from the first inclined plane 225, thereby driving the gear 226 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 226 drives the first rack 229 to move closer to the first inclined plane 225, so that the movable plate 228 extends into the gap between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222. Thus, after the hole machining is completed, during the process of the spindle 21 moving from the third position to the second position, the movable plate 228 will not block the radiation to stop the electromagnet 74 from working. The baffle 72 located above the clamping jaw 423 abuts against the movable sleeve 57, causing the movable sleeve 57 to move down, and the steel ball 56 rolls into the steel ball exit groove 58, thereby causing the spindle 21 to... When the movable sleeve 57 moves down, it drives the piston 516 to move down in the second space 515, thereby squeezing the medium in the second space 515 into the first space 514 to change the volume of the first space 514, so that the deformable part 51 is in the first state and engages with the inner wall of the clamp 423, and the tool handle 5 can be fixed in the clamp 423. When the spindle 21 separates from the tool handle 5 and returns to the first position, the reset rod 17 extends into the strip groove 2212 and pushes the third rack 2211 down, thereby driving the gear 226 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 226 drives the movable plate 228 and the second rack 2210 to extend out from the gap between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222, preparing for subsequent work.

[0057] Both the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222 have slotted holes 2213. A bolt 2214 passes through one of the slotted holes 2213. A mounting plate 18 is provided on the side of the drill tap slide 12. The lower end of the mounting plate 18 extends into the gap between the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222. A through hole 19 is provided on the mounting plate 18. The end of the bolt 2214 extends into one of the slotted holes 2213, passes through the through hole 19, and exits through the other slotted hole 2213 before being screwed with a nut 2215. In this way, during use, the bolt 2214 and nut 2215 can be loosened to adjust the installation position of the first unlocking plate 221 and the second unlocking plate 222, and then the bolt 2214 and nut 2215 can be tightened to fix them, which is convenient for adjustment and increases practicality.

[0058] The inner wall of the clamp 423 is provided with an annular groove 426 for the deformation part 51 to be inserted. When the deformation part 51 is in the first state, the deformation part 51 is inserted into the annular groove, which increases the installation stability of the tool holder 5.

[0059] Based on the above, the present invention also provides an embodiment, see below. Figure 10 There are two tool magazines 42 and two unlocking units 22. The two tool magazines 42 are movably mounted on the bracket 41, and the two unlocking units 22 are respectively located on both sides of the spindle 21. In this way, the storage capacity of the tools 6 can be increased by setting two tool magazines 42. During operation, the two tool magazines 42 are moved synchronously by the cylinder 43 mounted on the bracket 41. The two tool magazines 42 are connected by a synchronizing rod 44. The piston rod of the cylinder 43 is connected to one of the tool magazines 42. The extension and retraction of the piston rod drives the two tool magazines 42 to move laterally, so that either tool magazine 42 moves to below the spindle 21.

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine, characterized in that, include: The machine body has a slide rail vertically arranged along its upper edge, and a drilling and tapping slide is slidably mounted on the slide rail. A worktable is located on the machine body below the drilling and tapping slide. The drive end is located at the bottom of the drill and tap slide. The drill and tap slide can drive the drive end to move vertically relative to the worktable surface between the first position, the second position and the third position. The drive end includes a rotatable spindle and an unlocking part located on one side of the spindle. A clamping fixture is set on the worktable and can move horizontally or vertically on the worktable. The tool storage device includes a bracket, which is mounted on the machine body and located between the drilling and tapping ram and the worktable. The bracket is equipped with a tool magazine, which includes a tool holder and a tool disc rotatably mounted at the bottom of the tool holder. The outer periphery of the tool disc has multiple clamping slots, and each clamping slot is equipped with a tool holder. The central axis of one of the tool holders coincides with the central axis of the spindle. The bottom of each tool holder is equipped with a tool of a different specification. The tool holder has a deformation part on its outer periphery. The deformation part has a first state of engaging with the inner wall of the clamp and a second state of separating from the inner wall of the clamp. When the drive end moves from the first position to the second position, the unlocking part acts on the deformation part to switch the deformation part from the first state to the second state. The tool holder is disengaged from the clamp and can move with the spindle to the third position. When the drive end moves from the third position to the second position, the unlocking part disengages from the deformation part, the deformation part switches from the second state to the first state, and the tool holder is disengaged from the spindle and engaged in the clamp through the deformation part. The top of the tool holder has a slot for the spindle to extend into. The slot consists of a first slot section and a second slot section that are connected vertically. The width of the first slot section is greater than the width of the second slot section. The second slot section is rectangular. A square key is slidably installed in the second slot section. A first spring is installed between the square key and the inner bottom wall of the second slot section. Several steel ball limiting holes communicating with the first slot section are opened along the circumference of the tool holder surface. Steel balls are installed in the steel ball limiting holes. A slot for steel balls to be inserted is opened on the surface of the spindle. A rectangular slot that matches the square key is provided at the bottom of the spindle. A movable sleeve is installed on the outer side of the tool holder. A steel ball exit groove is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve near its upper end face. An annular boss is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder below the movable sleeve. A second spring is provided between the annular boss and the movable sleeve. The deformable part includes an elastic sleeve and two clamps. A circumferential groove is formed on the surface of the handle below the annular boss. The elastic sleeve is fitted outside the circumferential groove. The upper and lower edges of the elastic sleeve are pressed against the surface of the handle by the two clamps. The elastic sleeve and the circumferential groove form a first space. A second space communicating with the first space is provided inside the handle. A piston is provided in the second space. A sliding groove is also formed on the surface of the handle. The sliding groove communicates with the second space. A sliding rod is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The lower end of the sliding rod extends into the second space and is connected to the piston. The upper end of the sliding rod is connected to the movable sleeve.

2. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cutter head is provided with multiple bearing seats arranged in a ring. The number of bearing seats is the same as the number of clamps, and each bearing seat corresponds to each clamp. A slider is slidably installed on the top of the bearing seat. The slider is made of magnetic material. A baffle is provided on the top of the slider. An opening is opened on the baffle. The width of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the movable sleeve and larger than the diameter of the cutter handle. An electromagnet is provided on the top of the bearing seat near the clamp.

3. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support base has a first through slot running through its top and bottom. The cutter head has a second through slot communicating with the first through slot. The top of the support base has two support blocks on both sides of the first through slot. The support blocks are positioned away from the electromagnet. A tension spring is provided between the support block and the slider. Under the action of the tension spring, the slider tends to move away from the clamp. One of the support blocks has a sensing unit, and the other support block has a sensing surface. The sensing end of the sensing unit faces the sensing surface. The sensing unit is electrically connected to the electromagnet.

4. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The unlocking unit includes a first unlocking plate and a second unlocking plate spaced apart. Both the first and second unlocking plates are composed of a first plate body and a second plate body connected vertically. The first plate body is in the shape of a right trapezoid, and the second plate body is in the shape of a rectangle. The first plate body has a first inclined surface, and the slider is provided with a second inclined surface for cooperating with the first inclined surface. A gear is rotatably arranged between the first and second unlocking plates. A movable frame is also slidably arranged between the first and second unlocking plates. The bottom of the movable frame is provided with a movable plate. The length of the movable plate is less than the length of the second plate body, and the movable plate is located near the bottom end of the second plate body. The movable frame can move back and forth laterally to allow the movable plate to extend into or retract from the gap between the first and second unlocking plates. The top of the movable frame is provided with a first rack. The width of the first rack is less than one-third of the width of the gear, and the first rack meshes with the gear.

5. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second rack and a third rack are slidably mounted on opposite sides of the first and second unlocking plates, respectively. Both the second and third racks are less than one-third the width of the gear. The second and third racks mesh with the gear. The second rack is horizontally positioned above the gear, and the third rack is vertically positioned on the side of the gear closest to the first inclined surface. The end of the second rack faces the second inclined surface and protrudes through the gap between the first and second unlocking plates. A strip-shaped groove is provided on the second unlocking plate, and the central axis of the strip-shaped groove coincides with the central axis of the third rack. The machine body is equipped with a reset rod. When the drilling ram is in the first position, the reset rod extends into the strip-shaped groove.

6. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first and second unlocking plates have slotted holes, with a bolt inserted through one of the slotted holes. A mounting plate is provided on the side of the drill bit slide, with the lower end of the mounting plate extending into the gap between the first and second unlocking plates. A through hole is provided on the mounting plate, with the end of the bolt extending into one of the slotted holes, passing through the through hole, and exiting through the other slotted hole before being screwed with a nut.

7. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the clamp is provided with an annular groove for the deformation part to be inserted.

8. A three-axis drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two tool magazines and two unlocking units. The two tool magazines are mounted on the bracket and can move laterally. The two unlocking units are located on both sides of the spindle.

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