Spiral suction spinning stirring head and friction stir welding equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral material suction spinning stirring head and friction stir welding equipment, the spiral material suction spinning stirring head comprises a stirring head body, one end of the stirring head body is provided with a shaft shoulder face, the shaft shoulder face is provided with an Archimedes spiral groove, and the outer end of the Archimedes spiral groove extends to the peripheral face of the stirring head body to form a material suction opening; the stirring needle is arranged on the shaft shoulder face, the root of the stirring needle is connected with the inner end of the Archimedes spiral groove, a spiral groove spirally extending in the axial direction of the stirring needle is formed in the peripheral face of the stirring needle, and the spiral groove extends to the free end of the stirring needle from the root of the stirring needle; and a material conveying channel from the material suction port to the free end of the stirring needle is jointly formed by the material suction port and the Archimedes spiral groove. The method has the advantages of being high in process expansibility and high in welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of friction stir welding technology, and in particular to a spiral suction spinning head and friction stir welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Friction stir welding (FSW) utilizes the heat generated by the friction between a high-speed rotating welding tool and the workpiece to locally melt the materials being welded. As the welding tool moves forward along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front to the rear of the welding tool under the rotational friction force, forming a dense solid-phase weld under the pressure of the welding tool. The core of this welding quality lies in the precise control of the flow behavior of the plastic material during the welding process. During welding, it is essential to ensure that a sufficient amount of plastic material is continuously and stably transported and backfilled into the cavity formed by the movement of the stirring pin. Any untimely or insufficient backfilling directly leads to fatal defects such as voids, grooves, or incomplete penetration in the weld. To overcome the material backfilling challenge, traditional processes heavily rely on dedicated friction stir welding equipment. This equipment tilts the main shaft of the stirring head at a specific angle (usually 2 to 5 degrees), thereby creating a backward extrusion force on the plastic material and forcing it to fill the cavity. While effective, this method results in high equipment investment and poor process flexibility. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a friction stir welding structure with strong process scalability and high welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a spiral suction spinning agitator head, which has strong process scalability and high welding quality.

[0004] This application also proposes a friction stir welding device including the above-mentioned spiral suction and spinning head.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of this application, the spiral suction spinning head includes: The stirring head body has a shoulder surface at one end and an Archimedes spiral groove on the shoulder surface. The outer end of the Archimedes spiral groove extends to the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head body to form a suction port. A stirring pin is disposed on the shoulder surface. The root of the stirring pin is connected to the inner end of the Archimedean spiral groove. The outer circumferential surface of the stirring pin is provided with a spiral groove extending spirally along its own axis. The spiral groove extends from the root of the stirring pin to the free end of the stirring pin, so as to form a material conveying channel from the suction port to the free end of the stirring pin together with the Archimedean spiral groove.

[0006] The spiral feeding and spinning head according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: During welding, the Archimedean spiral groove on the shoulder surface and the spiral groove of the stirring pin together form a continuous material transport channel, enabling automatic material backfilling in the welding area. The Archimedean spiral groove pushes the excess material collected from the suction port towards the root of the stirring pin, while the spiral groove of the stirring pin further transports the excess material towards the weld nugget area, forming a bidirectional spinning filling mechanism. This ensures sufficient and compact filling in the weld nugget area, effectively preventing defects such as voids and grooves, and improving welding quality. Simultaneously, this spiral suction spinning stirring head, through the aforementioned structural design, effectively solves the material... The material backfilling issue does not require the tilting function of the spindle, allowing welding to be performed directly in a vertical position. Therefore, this spiral suction spinning and agitating head can be directly installed on various general-purpose processing equipment such as vertical milling machines, gantry milling machines, and CNC machining centers, greatly reducing equipment investment costs and significantly improving process scalability. In addition, the constant velocity propulsion characteristic of the Archimedes spiral groove makes the material flow more stable and controllable. The excess material in the pressed layer can flow more fully and smoothly to the root of the agitating needle, and then flow to the weld nugget area through the spiral groove, significantly improving the stability of the welding process and the weld quality.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, multiple Archimedes solenoids are provided, and the multiple Archimedes solenoids are evenly spaced along the circumference of the stirring head body.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, three to six Archimedes solenoids are provided.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the Archimedes spiral groove surrounds the axis of the stirring head body at least once.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the shoulder surface is a plane and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the stirring head body.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the stirring head body and the stirring needle are integrally formed.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the stirring head body and the stirring needle are made of alloy steel.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the stirring needle has a conical structure.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the free end of the stirring needle is configured as a plane.

[0015] The friction stir welding apparatus according to the second aspect of this application includes the spiral suction and spinning head of any of the above embodiments.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 This is a side view of the spiral suction spinning and mixing head according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the spiral suction and spinning mixing head according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Icon labels: Stirring head body 100, shaft shoulder surface 101, Archimedes spiral groove 102, suction port 103; Stirring needle 200, spiral groove 201. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, or the order in which the technical features are indicated.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] The core of friction stir welding quality lies in the precise control of the flow behavior of the plastic material during the welding process. During welding, it is essential to ensure that a sufficient amount of plastic material is continuously and stably transported and backfilled into the cavity formed by the movement of the stirring pin. Any untimely or insufficient backfilling will directly lead to fatal defects such as voids, grooves, or incomplete penetration in the weld. To overcome the material backfilling challenge, traditional processes heavily rely on dedicated friction stir welding equipment. This equipment tilts the spindle of the stirring head at a specific angle (usually 2 to 5 degrees), thereby creating a backward compression effect on the plastic material and forcing it to fill the cavity. While effective, this method results in high equipment investment and poor process flexibility.

[0024] Therefore, this application proposes a spiral suction spinning head and a friction stir welding device, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0025] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an embodiment of the spiral suction spinning head and friction stir welding equipment according to the present application.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the spiral feeding and spinning mixing head of this application includes a mixing head body 100 and a mixing needle 200.

[0027] A shoulder surface 101 is provided at one axial end of the stirring head body 100. An Archimedean spiral groove 102 is provided on the shoulder surface 101 of the stirring head body 100. The outer end of the Archimedean spiral groove 102 extends to the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head body 100 to form a suction port 103 on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head body 100. It should be noted that during welding, the stirring head body 100 needs to rotate around its own axis and move forward along the welding trajectory. The shoulder surface 101 of the stirring head body 100 is pressed into the welding surface of the workpiece by a certain distance to form a pressing amount.

[0028] A stirring pin 200 is disposed on the shoulder surface 101 of the stirring head body 100 and is coaxially distributed with the stirring head body 100. The root of the stirring pin 200 is connected to the inner end of the Archimedean spiral groove 102, that is, the inner end of the Archimedean spiral groove 102 extends to the root of the stirring pin 200. A spiral groove 201 extending spirally along its own axis is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin 200. The spiral groove 201 extends from the root of the stirring pin 200 to the free end of the stirring pin 200, so as to form a material conveying channel from the suction port 103 to the free end of the stirring pin 200 together with the Archimedean spiral groove 102. It should be noted that the root of the stirring pin 200 refers to the end that is connected to the stirring head body 100.

[0029] In this embodiment of the spiral suction spinning agitator, during welding operations, the Archimedes spiral groove 102 on the shoulder surface 101 and the spiral groove 201 on the agitator pin 200 together form a continuous material conveying channel to achieve automatic material backfilling in the welding area. The Archimedes spiral groove 102 pushes the excess material collected from the suction port 103 towards the root of the agitator pin 200, while the spiral groove 201 of the agitator pin 200 further conveys the excess material towards the weld nugget area, forming a bidirectional spinning filling mechanism. This ensures sufficient filling and a compact structure in the weld nugget area, effectively preventing defects such as holes and grooves, and improving welding quality. Simultaneously, this spiral suction spinning agitator... Through the above-mentioned structural design, the mixing head can effectively solve the material backfilling problem. It does not rely on the tilting function of the spindle and can directly perform welding in a vertical posture. Therefore, this spiral suction spinning mixing head can be directly installed on various general processing equipment such as vertical milling machines, gantry milling machines, and CNC machining centers, which greatly reduces equipment investment costs and significantly improves process scalability. In addition, the constant velocity propulsion characteristic of the Archimedes spiral groove 102 makes the material flow more stable and controllable. The excess material in the pressed layer can flow more fully and smoothly to the root of the mixing needle 200, and then flow to the weld nugget area through the spiral groove 201, which significantly improves the stability of the welding process and the weld quality.

[0030] It should also be noted that the stirring head in traditional friction stir welding solutions needs to maintain a specific tilt angle. Therefore, in welding scenarios with right-angle turns, such as welding rectangular trajectories, the stirring head needs to frequently perform complex spatial posture adjustments, resulting in problems such as difficulty in turning, motion interference, complex programming, and difficulty in guaranteeing trajectory accuracy. This leads to poor adaptability in such scenarios. In contrast, the spiral suction spinning stirring head provided in this embodiment can directly perform welding in a vertical posture. Therefore, when dealing with the above-mentioned complex welding trajectories, only conventional actions are needed to achieve turning, which can flexibly adapt to a variety of complex welding scenarios.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, multiple Archimedean solenoids 102 are provided, and the multiple Archimedean solenoids 102 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the stirring head body 100. In this embodiment, by providing multiple Archimedean solenoids 102 evenly spaced along the circumference, uniform absorption and transportation of material in the welding area can be achieved during welding, thereby significantly improving the consistency and forming quality of the weld structure.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, three to six Archimedes solenoids 102 are provided. In this embodiment, the lower limit is set to three in order to form a uniform, stable and efficient absorption and transport of material in the welding area, ensuring welding quality; the upper limit is set to six in order to avoid mutual interference of material flow between grooves due to excessively dense flow channels on the limited area of ​​the shoulder surface 101, thus ensuring the spinning effect of the Archimedes solenoids 102.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the Archimedes solenoid 102 surrounds the axis of the stirring head body 100 at least once, thereby providing sufficient centripetal conveying force to the material located therein, effectively overcoming the internal resistance of material flow, and ensuring sufficient backfilling power.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the shoulder surface 101 is a plane and perpendicular to the axial direction of the stirring head body 100. It should be noted that the stirring head in a traditional friction stir welding scheme needs to maintain a specific tilt angle, and its shoulder surface 101 usually needs to be machined into a conical surface; however, the spiral suction spinning stirring head of this embodiment, due to the above-mentioned special structural design, can achieve high-quality welding without relying on a tilt angle. Therefore, its shoulder surface 101 can be set as a plane, which is convenient to process and can also form a uniform and stable downward pressure on the material in the welding area.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the stirring head body 100 and the stirring pin 200 are integrally formed; this design can significantly improve the ability of the spiral suction spinning stirring head to withstand complex alternating loads during welding, effectively avoid fatigue cracks or fracture failures caused by stress concentration, and extend its service life. The stirring head body 100 and the stirring pin 200 can be made of alloy steel, which has high strength.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the stirring pin 200 has a conical structure with its diameter gradually decreasing in the direction away from the stirring head body 100. This structural design not only reduces the resistance of the stirring pin 200 during insertion and travel, making the welding process smoother, but also generates a gradient stirring and extrusion effect on the material at different depths in the weld nugget area, promoting uniform flow and filling of the material in the weld thickness direction. Furthermore, the free end of the stirring pin 200 is set as a plane, which can form effective end-face extrusion on the material below it during welding, promoting material plasticization and bonding.

[0037] The following describes the working process of the spiral suction spinning head of this application, using a battery tray as a carrier and employing the spiral suction spinning head of this application to weld the battery tray body to the liquid cooling plate on a gantry milling machine. Three Archimedes spiral grooves 102 are provided. The specific working process is as follows: First, fix the welding fixture on the worktable of the gantry milling machine. Then, place the battery tray body in the welding fixture and install the liquid cooling plate on the battery tray body. Activate the hydraulic clamping to secure the battery tray body and the liquid cooling plate to the welding fixture. Next, install the spiral suction spinning head of this embodiment on the spindle of the gantry milling machine, making the spiral suction spinning head vertically distributed. Then, control the spiral suction spinning head to move near the welding surface. Set the tool with the upper surface of the welding surface as the 0 point. After tool setting, move the spiral suction spinning head downwards by 0.3mm along the Z direction as the pressing amount. Start the welding program and weld along the welding trajectory. After welding is completed, remove the spiral suction spinning head, remove the workpiece, and the welding is completed in one operation.

[0038] During the welding process, the spiral suction and spinning agitator rotates around its own axis and moves forward along the welding trajectory. The suction port 103 sucks in a portion of the excess material from the pressing layer. The excess material is pushed towards the stirring needle 200 through the three Archimedes spiral grooves 102. When the excess material is pushed to the root of the stirring needle 200, it is pushed downward along the stirring needle 200 by the thrust of the Archimedes spiral grooves 102, the resistance of the outer circumference surface and the shoulder surface 101 of the stirring needle 200, and the spinning action of the spiral grooves 201, forming filler. This filler fills the gap caused by the movement of the stirring needle 200. Under the downward pressure (spinning pressure) of the rotating shoulder surface 101 and the squeezing force of the moving stirring needle 200, the filler in the weld nugget area is sufficient, the weld nugget is compact and free of pore defects, and the welding strength of friction stir welding is achieved.

[0039] This application also proposes a friction stir welding device, which includes the spiral suction and spinning head described in the first aspect embodiment above. This friction stir welding device can be formed by integrating various general-purpose processing equipment such as vertical milling machines, gantry milling machines, and CNC machining centers. By integrating the spiral suction and spinning head, this friction stir welding device can achieve high-quality friction stir welding without configuring the spindle tilt angle, significantly reducing equipment manufacturing costs. It also overcomes the problems of motion interference and programming difficulties that exist in traditional dedicated friction stir welding equipment when welding complex trajectories, thus lowering the threshold for process implementation.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0041] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A spiral material suction spinning mixing head, characterized in that, The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

2. The spiral pick-up spinning mixer head according to claim 1, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

3. The spiral pick-up spinning mixer head according to claim 2, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

4. The spiral pick-up spinning mixer head according to claim 1, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

5. The spiral pick-up flow forming mixer head according to claim 1, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

6. The spiral pick-up flow forming mixer head according to claim 1, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

7. The spiral pick-up spinning mixer head according to claim 6, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

8. The spiral pick-up flow forming mixer head according to claim 1, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

9. The spiral pick-up spinning mixer head according to claim 8, characterized in that The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

10. A friction stir welding apparatus characterized by comprising: The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head. The application relates to a spiral material suction spinning stir head.

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