Surface mine soft soil slope vegetation soil fixation method
By constructing a fish-scale pit array on the soft soil slope of an open-pit mine and injecting microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution, the reinforcement layer is combined with a gradient root plant community and a biodegradable fiber mesh, solving the problems of insufficient stability and high cost of soft soil slopes in open-pit mines, and achieving immediate and long-term soil stabilization effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511909532.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing soil stabilization technologies for soft soil slopes in open-pit mines suffer from insufficient initial stability, making it difficult to achieve long-term stability. Furthermore, they are costly or have delayed effects and are unable to cope with sudden heavy rainfall.
Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution is used to form an in-situ reinforcement layer. Combined with gradient root plant community configuration and biodegradable fiber mesh, a stable structure is constructed through fish scale pit array and ceramic diversion tube. Seeding equipment is used to ensure uniform mixing and precise sowing of seeds and mycorrhizal fungal spores.
It achieves immediate and long-term stabilization of soft soil slopes, reduces engineering costs, increases vegetation growth rate and survival rate, reduces soil erosion, and improves the shear strength of slopes.
Smart Images
Figure CN121345145A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation. Background Technology
[0002] Open-pit mine soft soil slopes are characterized by large scale, complex geological conditions, and susceptibility to weathering and dynamic loads. Their stability is constrained by multiple factors such as geological structure, hydrological conditions, and blasting disturbance, and safety needs to be ensured through comprehensive measures such as slope cutting, reinforcement, and monitoring.
[0003] Existing soil stabilization technologies mainly include: hydraulic spraying, which mixes grass seeds, binders, fertilizers, etc. and sprays them onto the slope, but the surface layer is prone to falling off after the soft soil absorbs water and expands; vegetation mat method, which relies on artificial materials to provide initial support, is costly and difficult to degrade; and soil stabilization by single plant root system, which has slow root development in soft soil, has a delayed soil stabilization effect, cannot cope with sudden heavy rainfall, and generally has defects such as insufficient initial stability, making it difficult to achieve long-term stability of soft soil slopes. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Micro-topography and pretreatment of the main body of the soft soil slope. Stepped excavation is carried out on the main body of the soft soil slope to form a stepped block structure. Fish scale pit array is constructed on the main body of the soft soil slope. Step 2: Inject microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution into the fish-scale pit and surrounding soil to form an in-situ reinforcement layer; Step 3, Gradient root system plant community configuration and sowing: The plant community is configured in a gradient manner, with herbaceous plants planted in the shallow soil, shrubs planted in the middle soil, and trees planted in the deep soil. Herbaceous and shrub seeds are coated with mycorrhizal fungi and then sown in the shallow and middle soil layers by a sowing device. Step 4: Lay a biodegradable fiber mesh of load-bearing slow-release hydrogel on the main body of the soft soil slope.
[0006] Furthermore, in step one, the soft soil slope is sloped and the load is reduced to form a gentle slope of ≤35°. The stepped block structure on the soft soil slope has a height of 0.5-0.8m and a platform width of 0.6-1.2m. Ceramic guide pipes are buried at the edge of each stepped block structure. Multiple guide grooves are opened on the ceramic guide pipes, and multiple micro-permeability holes are provided at the bottom of the ceramic guide pipes. The fish scale pits on the soft soil slope are excavated to a depth of 10-20cm, and the pit spacing is 0.8-1.2m.
[0007] Furthermore, in step two, the microbial induction of calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution is prepared by mixing Bacillus pasteurellus strain with urea and MCaCl2 solution in a volume ratio of 1:1:1. The microbial induction of calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution is injected into the bottom and surrounding 30cm deep soil layer of the fish scale pit and left to stand for 72 hours to allow calcium carbonate to precipitate between soil particles and form a cemented layer.
[0008] Furthermore, in step three, the three gradients of the root system plants are: in the shallow soil, fast-growing herbs with well-developed fibrous roots are sown to quickly form surface cover; in the middle soil, taproot shrubs are planted, with their main roots penetrating the reinforcement layer and extending downwards; and in the deep soil, deep-rooted tree seedlings are planted, with their roots anchored into the stable soil layer. During sowing, the mixing tank in the sowing equipment is used to coat the surface of the herbaceous and some shrub seeds with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores, so that the seeds are sown in the shallow and middle soil layers respectively.
[0009] Furthermore, the biodegradable fiber mesh in step four is woven from the warp and weft threads, with a mesh aperture of 10cm×10cm. Both the warp and weft threads are embedded with slow-release hydrogel particles, and their water absorption rate is ≥300g / g. The hydrogel is loaded with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution nutrients, which are slowly released during rainfall. The diameter of the warp threads is larger than that of the weft threads, so that the degradation rate of the warp threads is less than that of the weft threads.
[0010] Furthermore, the sowing equipment in step three includes: a movable support frame, with wheels rotatably mounted at both ends of the movable support frame and a traction frame mounted on the side of the movable support frame; two mixing tanks are installed on the inner side of the movable support frame; the two mixing tanks are connected together, and a rotating rod is rotatably mounted inside each of the two mixing tanks; the rotating rod is a cylindrical structure, and a chain assembly is installed through the side end of the rotating rod through the side end of the mixing tank.
[0011] Furthermore, a servo motor is installed on one side of the movable bracket, and the output end of the servo motor is connected to the chain assembly at the side ends of the two rotating rods; a lever is installed on the outer side of the two rotating rods; a spring is installed on the inner side of the lever, and a telescopic rod is slidably installed inside the lever through the spring.
[0012] Furthermore, a lever is installed at the outer end of the telescopic rod; the lever has an arc-shaped plate structure and is slidably installed on the inner side of the mixing tank; multiple discharge vertical pipes are installed at the bottom of both mixing tanks; a telescopic pipe is installed at the bottom of the discharge vertical pipe; an insertion pipe is installed at the bottom of the telescopic pipe, wherein the bottom of the insertion pipe has an inclined structure.
[0013] Furthermore, two drive cylinders are installed at opposite positions on the inner side of the movable support, and a movable plate is installed on the output end of the drive cylinder; the top of the movable plate is provided with a fixing groove, and a fixing bolt is installed inside the fixing groove; an adjusting plate is slidably installed on the inner side of the movable plate, and the bottom of the fixing bolt is installed on the top of the adjusting plate; multiple connecting vertical rods are installed on the bottom of the adjusting plate; a fixing cover is installed on the bottom of each of the multiple connecting vertical rods; the bottom of the fixing cover is installed on the top of the insertion tube.
[0014] Furthermore, a fixed frame is installed on the top of the movable support; a bacterial powder storage box is installed on the top of the fixed frame; two transmission rods are rotatably installed inside the bacterial powder storage box; gears are installed on the side ends of the two transmission rods, penetrating the side ends of the bacterial powder storage box, and the gears on the side ends of the two transmission rods mesh with each other; a chain assembly is also installed on the side end of one transmission rod; the output end of a servo motor on one side of the movable support is also connected to the chain assembly on the side end of one transmission rod; a dispensing component is installed on both transmission rods; the two dispensing components are rotatably installed at the bottom of the bacterial powder storage box, and multiple quantitative storage troughs are opened on the outer side of the two dispensing components.
[0015] This invention provides a method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, which has the following beneficial effects: When in use, this invention involves spraying microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution to generate calcium carbonate cementing soil particles, thereby improving the initial strength of soft soil. Planting vegetation in three gradients provides long-term biological anchoring. The two work together to achieve immediate and long-term stable soil stabilization. Meanwhile, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores wrapped on the seeds promote the absorption of byproducts of microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution by plants, reducing environmental pollution and forming a symbiotic cycle of microorganisms and plants.
[0016] The reinforcement strategy of using fish-scale pits and spraying microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution avoids full-slope treatment, reducing engineering costs. The hydrogel contained in the biodegradable fiber mesh woven from warp and weft threads regulates nutrient release according to rainfall, solving the problem of soft soil slope compaction and improving vegetation growth rate.
[0017] In addition, the servo motor drives the dial plate to rotate in the mixing tank. The state of the dial plate is changed by unfolding and turning the seeds and retracting the telescopic rod when it contacts the tank wall. This effectively ensures that herbaceous seeds, some shrub seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are evenly mixed, so that the seeds are fully wrapped with mycorrhizal spores. This provides good symbiotic conditions for seed germination and growth, which helps to improve seed survival rate and growth quality.
[0018] By moving the adjustment plate inside the movable plate, the connecting vertical rod, the fixing cover and the insertion tube can be moved, so that the distance between the two insertion tubes can be flexibly adjusted. This can accurately meet the planting spacing requirements of different plants in different soil layers and ensure the reasonable distribution of vegetation. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
[0020] The accompanying drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
[0021] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A flowchart of the slope vegetation soil stabilization method of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A block diagram of the playback operation method for gradient root system plants of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main soil stabilization structure for soft soil slopes according to the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the ceramic flow guide tube of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable support of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cannula bottom of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the mixing tank structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic cross-sectional view of the lever structure of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the bacterial powder storage tank of the present invention is shown.
[0022] List of reference numerals 1. Main body of soft soil slope; 101. Stepped block structure; 102. Fish scale pit; 103. Ceramic diversion pipe; 104. Diversion channel; 105. Micro-permeability hole; 106. Meridian; 107. Latitude; 2. Movable support frame; 201. Traction frame; 202. Mixing tank; 203. Rotating rod; 204. Actuating rod; 205. Telescopic rod; 206. Actuating plate; 207. Discharge vertical pipe; 208. Telescopic pipe; 209. Insertion pipe; 2010. Movable plate; 2011. Adjusting plate; 2012. Connecting vertical rod; 2013. Fixed cover; 3. Fixing frame; 301. Microbial powder storage tank; 302. Transmission rod; 303. Material distribution component; 304. Quantitative storage tank. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 : Example 1: This invention proposes a method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Micro-topography and pretreatment modification of the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. Step block structure 101 is formed by step-by-step excavation on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. Fish scale pit array 102 is constructed on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. Step 2: Inject microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution into fish-scale pit 102 and the surrounding soil to form an in-situ reinforcement layer; Step 3, Gradient root system plant community configuration and sowing: The plant community is configured in a gradient manner, with herbaceous plants planted in the shallow soil, shrubs planted in the middle soil, and trees planted in the deep soil. Herbaceous and shrub seeds are coated with mycorrhizal fungi and then sown in the shallow and middle soil layers by a sowing device. Step 4: Lay a biodegradable fiber mesh of load-bearing slow-release hydrogel on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope; In step one, the main body 1 of the soft soil slope is sloped and its load reduced to form a gentle slope of ≤35°. Each step of the stepped block structure 101 on the main body 1 has a height of 0.5-0.8m and a platform width of 0.6-1.2m. Ceramic guide pipes 103 are embedded at the edges of each step of the stepped block structure 101. Multiple guide channels 104 are formed on the ceramic guide pipes 103, and multiple micro-permeability holes 105 are provided at the bottom of the ceramic guide pipes 103. The guide channels 104 are used to collect rainwater, and the micro-permeability holes 105 serve to allow rainwater to permeate slightly. Fish-scale pits 1 are also present on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. 02. The excavation depth is 10-20cm, and the pit spacing is 0.8-1.2m, used to intercept rainwater and serve as a carrier for microbial inoculants and composite plants; In step two, the microbial calcium carbonate precipitation inoculant is made by mixing Bacillus pasteurellii strain with urea and MCaCl2 solution at a volume ratio of 1:1:1. The microbial calcium carbonate precipitation inoculant is injected into the bottom and 30cm deep soil layer around the fish-scale pit 102, and left to cure for 72 hours, so that calcium carbonate precipitates between soil particles to form a cementing layer, improving the local unconfined compressive strength of the soil to ≥50kPa; In step three, the three gradient root plants The process involves a gradient: In the shallow soil layer, fast-growing herbaceous plants with well-developed fibrous root systems, such as Bermuda grass and ryegrass, are sown to quickly form surface cover. In the middle soil layer, taproot shrubs, such as Amorpha fruticosa and Lespedeza bicolor, are planted, their taproots penetrating the reinforcing layer and extending downwards. In the deep soil layer, deep-rooted tree seedlings, such as Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus massoniana, are planted, their roots anchoring into the stable soil layer. During sowing, the mixing tank 202 in the sowing equipment coats the surface of herbaceous and some shrub seeds with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores, allowing the seeds to be sown separately in the shallow and middle soil layers. This promotes the synergistic effect of root exudates and microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation products. In step four, the biodegradable fiber mesh is woven from warp 106 and weft 107, with a mesh aperture of 10cm × 10cm. Both warp 106 and weft 107 are embedded with slow-release hydrogel particles, and their water absorption rate is ≥300g / g. The hydrogel is loaded with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial nutrients, which are slowly released during rainfall to maintain microbial activity and plant growth. The diameter of warp 106 is larger than that of weft 107, which makes the degradation rate of warp 106 slower than that of weft 107, allowing warp 106 to play a better role in intercepting and stabilizing soil.
[0025] The sowing equipment in step three includes: a movable support 2, with wheels rotatably mounted at both ends of the bottom of the movable support 2, and a traction frame 201 mounted on the side of the movable support 2; two mixing tanks 202 are mounted on the inner side of the movable support 2; the two mixing tanks 202 are connected together, and a rotating rod 203 is rotatably mounted inside each of the two mixing tanks 202; the rotating rod 203 has a cylindrical structure, and a chain assembly is mounted through the side end of the rotating rod 203 to the side end of the mixing tank 202; a servo motor is mounted on one side of the movable support 2, and the output end of the servo motor is connected to the chain assembly at the side end of the two rotating rods 203; a lever 204 is mounted on the outer side of the two rotating rods 203; a spring is mounted on the inner side of the lever 204, and a telescopic rod 205 is slidably mounted inside the lever 204 through the spring; a lever plate 206 is mounted on the outer end of the telescopic rod 205; the lever plate 206 has an arc-shaped plate structure, and The lever 206 is slidably installed inside the mixing tank 202; multiple discharge vertical pipes 207 are installed at the bottom of both mixing tanks 202; a telescopic pipe 208 is installed at the bottom of the discharge vertical pipe 207; an insertion pipe 209 is installed at the bottom of the telescopic pipe 208, wherein the bottom of the insertion pipe 209 is an inclined structure; two drive cylinders are installed at opposite positions inside the movable bracket 2, and a movable plate 2010 is installed on the output end of the drive cylinder; a fixing groove is provided on the top of the movable plate 2010, and a fixing bolt is installed inside the fixing groove; an adjusting plate 2011 is slidably installed inside the movable plate 2010, and the bottom of the fixing bolt is installed on the top of the adjusting plate 2011; multiple connecting vertical rods 2012 are installed at the bottom of the adjusting plate 2011; a fixing cover 2013 is installed at the bottom of each of the multiple connecting vertical rods 2012; and the bottom of the fixing cover 2013 is installed on the top of the insertion pipe 209.
[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, when sowing the gradient root system plant community, herbaceous seeds and some shrub seeds are placed inside two mixing tanks 202 respectively. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are also introduced into the mixing tanks 202. The output end of the servo motor on one side of the movable support 2 drives two rotating rods 203 to rotate inside the mixing tanks 202 via a chain assembly. The rotating rods 203 drive the lever 204 to rotate. The inner side of the lever 204 is driven by a spring to move the telescopic rod 205 upward. The telescopic rod 205 causes the lever 206 to unfold. The seeds in the mixing tank 202 are turned over, and the dial plate 206 rotates continuously, contacting the inner side of the mixing tank 202, causing the telescopic rod 205 to retract into the inner side of the dial rod 204. This allows the dial plate 206 to stir the seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores evenly, so that the seeds are coated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores. The spacing between the two insertion tubes 209 is adjusted according to the spacing of the plants planted in the shallow and middle soil layers. The two adjusting plates 2011 are moved inside the movable plate 2010, causing the connecting vertical rod 2012 below to move. The bottom of the connecting vertical rod 2012 is fixed. The fixed cover 2013 adjusts the spacing of the insertion tubes 209 inserted into the shallow and middle soil layers respectively. The fixing bolts in the fixed groove of the movable plate 2010 fix the position of the adjusting plate 2011. The traction frame 201 connects to the drive device, pulling the movable support 2 to move on the soft soil slope body 1. The output ends of the two drive cylinders on the movable support 2 respectively drive the movable plate 2010 downwards, causing the movable plate 2010 to drive the insertion tubes 209 below to be inserted into the shallow and middle soil layers. When the insertion tubes 209 move, they drive the telescopic tube 2... When the bottom of the discharge vertical pipe 207 expands and contracts, and the insertion pipe 209 is above, the large curvature of the expansion pipe 208 prevents the seeds from flowing out. When the insertion pipe 209 is inserted into the soil, the expansion pipe 208 expands, allowing the seeds to quickly pass through the insertion pipe 209 and be sown in the soil. The seeds are evenly distributed, ensuring that the vegetation in the shallow and middle soil layers, as well as the vegetation planted in the deep soil layers, fully covers the surface of the soft soil slope body 1 and the stepped block structure 101, reducing the problem of soil erosion and improving the soil stabilization effect on the soft soil slope of the open-pit mine.
[0027] In Example 2, based on Example 1, a fixed frame 3 is installed on the top of the movable support 2; a bacterial powder storage tank 301 is installed on the top of the fixed frame 3; two transmission rods 302 are rotatably installed inside the bacterial powder storage tank 301; gears are installed through the side ends of the two transmission rods 302 and through the side ends of the bacterial powder storage tank 301, and the gears at the side ends of the two transmission rods 302 mesh with each other; a chain assembly is also installed on the side end of one transmission rod 302; the output end of a servo motor on one side of the movable support 2 is also connected to the chain assembly at the side end of one transmission rod 302; a dispensing component 303 is installed on each of the two transmission rods 302; the two dispensing components 303 are rotatably installed at the bottom of the bacterial powder storage tank 301, and multiple quantitative storage troughs 304 are opened on the outer side of each of the two dispensing components 303, at the gradient root When sowing the plant community, the powder storage box 301 contains powdered arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores. The fixing frame 3 positions the powder storage box 301 above the two mixing storage boxes 202. The output end of the servo motor on one side of the movable support 2 drives one transmission rod 302 to rotate through the chain assembly. The gear on the side of one transmission rod 302 meshes and drives the other transmission rod 302 to rotate. This causes the two transmission rods 302 to drive the distributing component 303 to rotate at the bottom of the powder storage box 301. When the distributing component 303 rotates, the quantitative storage trough 304 on it collects the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores, so that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are evenly distributed into the mixing storage box 202 in batches, ensuring the uniformity of the mixing of seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores.
[0028] Example 3: Based on Example 1, on a soft soil slope of an open-pit iron mine in southern China, the slope was cut to 30°, and fish-scale pits 102 with a diameter of 40cm and a depth of 15cm were excavated at 1m intervals. Microbial induction of calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution was injected into the pits, and the pits were cured for 3 days. Bermuda grass seeds containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores were sown in the shallow soil using a sowing device, while Amorpha fruticosa was planted in holes in the middle soil layer. Black locust was planted at the foot of the slope and in the deep soil layer. A biodegradable fiber mesh woven from warp 106 and weft 107 was then laid, and polyacrylamide hydrogel containing fertilizer was filled in the warp 106 and weft 107. After 6 months, the vegetation coverage of the slope was >90%, the surface soil loss was reduced by 85%, and the shear strength was increased by 2.3 times.
[0029] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, a stepped block structure 101 is formed by step-by-step excavation on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. Then, an array of fish-scale pits 102 is constructed on the main body 1 of the soft soil slope. Next, microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution is injected into the fish-scale pits 102 and the surrounding soil to form an in-situ reinforcement layer. Then, a gradient configuration of plant communities is adopted, with herbaceous plants planted in the shallow soil, shrubs planted in the middle soil, and trees planted in the deep soil. Herbaceous seeds and some shrub seeds are placed in two mixing storage tanks 202 respectively. The inside of the mycelium powder storage tank 301 stores powdered arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores. The servo motor drives the transmission rod 302 through the chain group to drive the material distribution component 303 to rotate. The quantitative storage tank 304 on the material distribution component 303 collects the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are evenly added to the mixing tank in batches. Inside the storage tank 202, the output of the servo motor drives two rotating rods 203 to rotate via a chain assembly. The rotating rods 203 drive the turntable 206 to turn the seeds via the lever 204 and the telescopic rod 205, so that the seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores are evenly mixed. This pulls the movable support 2 to move on the soft soil slope body 1. The output of the two drive cylinders on the movable support 2 drives the movable plate 2010 to move downwards. The movable plate 2010 drives the insertion tube 209 below to be inserted into the shallow and middle soil layers to sow the seeds. The seeds are evenly distributed, ensuring that the vegetation in the shallow and middle soil layers and the vegetation planted in the deep soil layers fully cover the surface of the soft soil slope body 1 and the stepped block structure 101. A biodegradable fiber mesh of load-bearing slow-release hydrogel is laid on the soft soil slope body 1, which is slowly released during rainfall to maintain microbial activity and plant growth.
[0030] The following points should be noted in this article: 1. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention; other structures can refer to general designs.
[0031] 2. Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.
[0032] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Micro-topography and pretreatment transformation of the main body of soft soil slope (1). Step block structure (101) is formed by step-by-step excavation on the main body of soft soil slope (1). Fish scale pit (102) array is constructed on the main body of soft soil slope (1). Step 2: Inject microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation solution into the fish-scale pit (102) and surrounding soil to form an in-situ reinforcement layer; Step 3, Gradient root system plant community configuration and sowing: The plant community is configured in a gradient manner, with herbaceous plants planted in the shallow soil, shrubs planted in the middle soil, and trees planted in the deep soil. Herbaceous and shrub seeds are coated with mycorrhizal fungi and then sown in the shallow and middle soil layers by a sowing device. Step 4: Lay a biodegradable fiber mesh of load-bearing slow-release hydrogel on the main body (1) of the soft soil slope.
2. The method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step one, the soft soil slope body (1) is sloped and the load is reduced to form a gentle slope of ≤35°. The stepped block structure (101) on the soft soil slope body (1) has a height of 0.5-0.8m and a platform width of 0.6-1.2m. Ceramic guide pipes (103) are buried at the edge of each stepped block structure (101). Multiple guide grooves (104) are opened on the ceramic guide pipe (103), and multiple micro-permeability holes (105) are provided at the bottom of the ceramic guide pipe (103). The fish scale pits (102) on the soft soil slope body (1) are excavated to a depth of 10-20cm and the pit spacing is 0.8-1.2m.
3. The method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... In step two, the microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction bacterial solution was prepared by mixing Bacillus pasteurellus strain with urea and MCaCl2 solution in a volume ratio of 1:1:
1. The microbial calcium carbonate precipitation induction bacterial solution was injected into the bottom and 30cm deep soil layer around the fish scale pit (102) and left to stand for 72 hours to allow calcium carbonate to precipitate between soil particles and form a cemented layer.
4. The method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... In step three, the three gradients of the root system plants are: in the shallow soil, fast-growing herbaceous plants with well-developed fibrous roots are sown to quickly form surface cover; in the middle soil, taproot shrubs are planted, whose main roots penetrate the reinforcement layer and extend downward; and in the deep soil, deep-rooted tree seedlings are planted, whose roots anchor into the stable rock and soil layer. When sowing, the mixing tank (202) in the sowing equipment is used to wrap the surface of herbaceous and some shrub seeds with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores, so that the seeds are sown in the shallow and middle soil layers respectively.
5. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The biodegradable fiber mesh in step four is woven from the warp (106) and weft (107) with a mesh aperture of 10cm×10cm. Both the warp (106) and weft (107) are embedded with slow-release hydrogel particles, and their water absorption rate is ≥300g / g. The hydrogel is loaded with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation bacterial solution nutrients, which are slowly released during rainfall. The diameter of the warp (106) is larger than that of the weft (107), so that the degradation rate of the warp (106) is smaller than that of the weft (107).
6. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The sowing equipment in step three includes: a movable support (2), with wheels rotatably mounted at the bottom of both ends of the movable support (2), and a traction frame (201) mounted on the side of the movable support (2); two mixing tanks (202) are installed on the inner side of the movable support (2); the two mixing tanks (202) are connected together, and a rotating rod (203) is rotatably mounted inside each of the two mixing tanks (202); a chain assembly is installed through the side end of the rotating rod (203) through the side end of the mixing tank (202).
7. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... A servo motor is installed on one side of the movable bracket (2), and the output end of the servo motor is connected to the chain group at the side end of the two rotating rods (203); a lever (204) is installed on the outer side of the two rotating rods (203); a spring is installed on the inner side of the lever (204), and a telescopic rod (205) is slidably installed inside the lever (204) through the spring.
8. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... A lever (206) is installed at the outer end of the telescopic rod (205); the lever (206) is slidably installed on the inner side of the mixing tank (202); multiple discharge vertical pipes (207) are installed at the bottom of both mixing tanks (202); a telescopic pipe (208) is installed at the bottom of the discharge vertical pipe (207); and an insertion pipe (209) is installed at the bottom of the telescopic pipe (208).
9. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that... Two drive cylinders are installed at relative positions on the inner side of the movable bracket (2), and a movable plate (2010) is installed on the output end of the drive cylinder; a fixing groove is provided on the top of the movable plate (2010), and a fixing bolt is installed inside the fixing groove; an adjusting plate (2011) is slidably installed on the inner side of the movable plate (2010), and the bottom of the fixing bolt is installed on the top of the adjusting plate (2011); multiple connecting vertical rods (2012) are installed on the bottom of the adjusting plate (2011); a fixing cover (2013) is installed on the bottom of each of the multiple connecting vertical rods (2012); the bottom of the fixing cover (2013) is installed on the top of the insertion tube (209).
10. A method for stabilizing soft soil slopes in open-pit mines using vegetation, as described in claim 9, is characterized in that... A fixed frame (3) is installed on the top of the movable support (2); a mushroom powder storage box (301) is installed on the top of the fixed frame (3); two transmission rods (302) are rotatably installed inside the mushroom powder storage box (301); gears are installed through the side ends of the two transmission rods (302) and mesh with each other; a chain assembly is also installed on the side end of one transmission rod (302); the output end of the servo motor on one side of the movable support (2) is also connected to the chain assembly on the side end of one transmission rod (302); a material distribution component (303) is installed on both transmission rods (302); the two material distribution components (303) are rotatably installed at the bottom of the mushroom powder storage box (301), and multiple quantitative storage troughs (304) are opened on the outer side of the two material distribution components (303).