Water environment monitoring device and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring, and discloses a water environment monitoring device which comprises a floating body, a water quality sensor and a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is arranged on the floating body and used for driving the water quality sensor to descend to the preset depth of seawater or ascend; after reaching the preset depth, the water quality sensor is in contact with seawater for water quality monitoring; the cleaning assembly comprises an anode bar and a cathode tube which are located at the bottom end of the water quality sensor and concentrically arranged inside and outside and used for cleaning the outer surface of the water quality sensor. The hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor, and because the hypochlorous acid is extremely thin and has strong oxidizing property, the hypochlorous acid can destroy cell walls of planktons and larvae, interfere neuromuscular functions of the planktons and the larvae and effectively inhibit key physiological processes of the planktons and the larvae in metabolism and early growth periods; therefore, larvae and spores of organisms such as algae and shellfish are inhibited from settling and growing on the surface of the water quality sensor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water environment monitoring, in particular to a water environment monitoring device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ocean pollution monitoring is an important part of water environment monitoring, which is a technical system for systematically observing the concentration of pollutants and other indicators in the marine environment, aiming to control pollution and protect the marine ecology. When describing and evaluating the current situation of water pollution in the marine environment, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive and long-term monitoring of the main parameters of marine water pollution such as temperature, color, turbidity, pH value, conductivity, suspended solids and dissolved oxygen on site, in order to study the relationship between them and explore the fine structure of seawater and the level of marine pollution. At this time, the corresponding water quality sensor is needed to monitor the marine water quality.

[0003] In the prior art, during the use of the water quality sensor, complex components such as oil, heavy metals and organic matter in seawater, as well as plankton, will adhere to the surface of the water quality sensor, which may cause data drift and distortion, or even damage the water quality sensor. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water environment monitoring device to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a water environment monitoring device, comprising: a floating body; a water quality sensor for water quality monitoring in contact with seawater; a lifting mechanism arranged on the floating body for lowering or raising the water quality sensor to a predetermined depth of seawater; a cleaning assembly for cleaning the outer surface of the water quality sensor, comprising: an anode rod coaxially arranged at the lower end of the water quality sensor a cathode tube arranged on the water quality sensor and coaxially arranged outside the anode rod to form a concentric circular structure electrolytic cell; a direct current power supply, in the state of inspection and cleaning, the positive electrode is electrically connected with the anode rod, and the negative electrode is electrically connected with the cathode tube, after electrolysis, hydrolysis reaction occurs to generate hypochlorous acid, which diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor.

[0006] Further, a cylinder is vertically arranged on the floating body, the central axis of the cylinder coincides with the central axis of the water quality sensor, and the cylinder comprises an avoiding hole at the bottom; a through hole is formed in the floating body and communicates with the avoiding hole, and the two are coaxial; a cylindrical brush is arranged in the avoiding hole, and the lifting mechanism drives the water quality sensor to reciprocally rise and fall in the cylindrical brush along the height direction.

[0007] Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a telescopic part, a U-shaped rod and a connecting rod, the telescopic part is vertically arranged on the floating body, one end of the U-shaped rod is connected with the driving end of the telescopic part, and the other end is rotationally connected with the connecting rod; The inner spiral is arranged above the corresponding cylindrical brush in the avoiding hole, the connecting rod is provided with an outer spiral a near the water quality sensor, and after the outer spiral a is engaged with the inner spiral when the connecting rod is rising or falling, the connecting rod is driven to rotate.

[0008] Further, the cylindrical brush comprises an integrated brush part and a brush handle part, and the brush handle part is provided with an annular cavity and a plurality of air outlets in communication; The cylindrical body is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is used for conveying gas, the air outlet pipe is connected with the annular cavity, and the gas enters the avoiding hole through the air outlet pipe, the annular cavity and the air outlet hole.

[0009] Further, the cylindrical body further comprises a sealing cavity in it; the sealing cavity is located above the avoiding hole and is in communication with the avoiding hole; a piston that rises and falls synchronously with the connecting rod is arranged in the sealing cavity; the air inlet pipe is in communication with the external atmosphere, and external air is drawn through the movement of the piston; The air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet one-way valve, and the air outlet pipe is provided with an air outlet one-way valve.

[0010] Further, the connecting rod is made of a magnetic material, and an electromagnetic coil is arranged in the annular cavity for generating heat.

[0011] Further, the water quality sensor is a PH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, an electric conductivity sensor or a temperature sensor.

[0012] Further, the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected with a rectifier, and the rectifier is electrically connected with a direct current power supply.

[0013] Further, the floating body is an air bag, a branch pipe is connected between the air bag and the air outlet pipe, the branch pipe is provided with an air inlet one-way valve two, a valve body is sealingly connected to the wall of the air bag, a valve plate is slidingly connected to the inside of the valve body, a spring is arranged between the valve plate and the valve body, and a pressure relief hole is arranged in the valve body.

[0014] A use method of a water environment monitoring device, comprising the following steps: S1: the water environment monitoring device is floated on the sea surface by the floating body; S2: the lifting mechanism drives the water quality sensor to extend into the seawater to a predetermined depth for monitoring; S3: after the monitoring is completed, the cleaning assembly is powered to generate a hydrolysis reaction to generate hypochlorous acid, and the hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor; S4: after the outer spiral a of the connecting rod is matched with the inner spiral of the avoiding hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic device reciprocates to drive the water quality sensor to make a compound motion of lifting and rotating, so as to shake off the water on the surface of the water quality sensor and clean the surface of the water quality sensor by the cylindrical brush; S5: the connecting rod made of magnetic material makes lifting motion in the electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic coil generates heat, the piston makes piston motion in the sealed cavity, external air is extracted to form air flow, the air flow carries the heat generated by the electromagnetic coil and blows to the water quality sensor through the air outlets, so that the water quality sensor is dried; S6: after the water quality sensor is cleaned and dried, the telescopic device drives the water quality sensor to rise to the sealed cavity for storage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application comprises a floating body, a water quality sensor and a lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the floating body and is used to drive the water quality sensor to lower to a predetermined depth of seawater or to rise; after reaching the predetermined depth, the water quality sensor is in contact with seawater for water quality monitoring; the cleaning assembly comprises an anode rod and a cathode tube which are concentrically arranged inside and outside the bottom end of the water quality sensor and are used to clean the outer surface of the water quality sensor. After electrolysis, the present application generates hydrolysis reaction to generate hypochlorous acid, the hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor, which is extremely thin and has strong oxidizing property, can destroy the cell wall of plankton and larva, interfere with the neuromuscular function, effectively inhibit the key physiological processes in the early stage of metabolism and growth, so as to inhibit the settlement and growth of the larva and spore of algae, shellfish and other organisms on the surface of the water quality sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a truncated view of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 6 It is Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of C in the middle; Figure 7 It is an upside view of the cylindrical brush in an embodiment of the present application; In the figure: 1, floating body; 2, water quality sensor; 3, lifting mechanism; 30, telescopic part; 31, U-shaped rod; 32, connecting rod; 40, anode rod; 41, cathode tube; 5, barrel; 50, escape hole; 51, sealing cavity; 6, through hole; 7, cylindrical brush; 70, brush part; 71, brush handle part; 8, air inlet pipe; 9, air outlet pipe; 10, air outlet hole; 11, branch pipe; 12, valve body; 13, valve plate; 14, spring; 15, pressure relief hole; 16, piston; 17, annular cavity; 18, electromagnetic coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1-7 The present application provides a technical solution: a water environment monitoring device, comprising: a floating body 1; a water quality sensor 2 for water quality monitoring in contact with seawater; a lifting mechanism 3 arranged on the floating body 1, for driving the water quality sensor 2 to lower to a predetermined depth of seawater, or to rise; a cleaning assembly for cleaning the outer surface of the water quality sensor 2, comprising: an anode rod 40 coaxially arranged at the lower end of the water quality sensor 2 a cathode tube 41 located on the water quality sensor 2, coaxially arranged outside the anode rod 40, forming a concentric circular structure electrolytic cell; a direct current power supply, in the state of inspection and cleaning, its positive electrode is electrically connected with the anode rod 40, and its negative electrode is electrically connected with the cathode tube 41, after electrolysis, hydrolysis reaction occurs, generating hypochlorous acid, which diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor 2.

[0019] In this way, referring to Figures 1-3, the water environment monitoring device floats on the sea surface through the float 1, and the device is remotely operated. When the seawater environment needs to be monitored, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to extend into the seawater at a predetermined depth to monitor the water quality at the predetermined depth. The timing or time opening stops the cleaning state, and in the stop cleaning state, the DC power supply supplies power to the cathode tube 41 and the anode rod 40. In the anode region, the chloride ions in the seawater lose electrons and are oxidized into chlorine atoms, and two chlorine gas molecules are combined into chlorine gas molecules, which are discharged from the anode. The generated chlorine gas quickly dissolves in the water and undergoes hydrolysis reaction to generate hypochlorous acid. The hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor 2. The hypochlorous acid has strong oxidizing property and can destroy the cell wall of plankton and larva, interfere with its neuromuscular function, effectively inhibit its key physiological processes in the early stages of metabolism and growth, and make it lose the ability of attachment and metamorphosis. The generated hypochlorous acid will naturally decompose in seawater without residual persistent toxic substances, thereby inhibiting the settlement and growth of the larvae and spores of algae, shellfish and other organisms on the surface of the water quality sensor 2. After cleaning, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to rise above the float 1.

[0020] In one embodiment, a cylinder 5 is vertically arranged on the float 1, the central axis of the cylinder 5 coincides with the central axis of the water quality sensor 2, the cylinder 5 includes an avoiding hole 50 at the bottom thereof; a through hole 6 is formed in the float 1 and communicates with the avoiding hole 50, and the two are coaxial; a cylindrical brush 7 is arranged in the avoiding hole 50, and the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to reciprocatingly rise and fall in the cylindrical brush 7 along the height direction.

[0021] In this way, as shown in FIGS. 4-5, in order to improve the accuracy of the monitoring result, after the water quality monitoring is completed, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to rise, the water quality sensor 2 passes through the through hole 6 to reach the avoiding hole 50, and after rising to the cylindrical brush 7 in the avoiding hole 50, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to reciprocatingly move, so that the cylindrical brush 7 brushes the surface of the water quality sensor 2 to remove the attachments on the surface of the water quality sensor 2, thereby improving the accuracy of the monitoring result. After cleaning, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to rise to the top of the cylinder 5 for sealing and storage, so as to avoid the dust and other impurities in the environment from adhering to the surface of the water quality sensor 2.

[0022] In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism 3 includes a telescopic piece 30, a U-shaped rod 31 and a connecting rod 32. The telescopic piece 30 is vertically arranged on the float 1. One end of the U-shaped rod 31 is connected with the driving end of the telescopic piece 30, and the other end is rotationally connected with the connecting rod 32. An inner spiral is arranged above the cylindrical brush 7 in the avoiding hole 50. An outer spiral a is arranged on the end of the connecting rod 32 close to the water quality sensor 2. After the outer spiral a engages with the inner spiral when the connecting rod 32 is rising or falling, the connecting rod 32 is driven to rotate.

[0023] Thus designed, reference Figure 2 The telescopic part 30 is an electric push rod, and the driving end of the electric push rod can drive the U-shaped rod 31 and the connecting rod 32 to ascend and descend synchronously. In order to improve the accuracy of the monitoring result, when the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to ascend to the position of the cylindrical brush 7, the outer spiral a at the lower part of the connecting rod 32 is matched with the inner spiral at the avoiding hole 50, and the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to make reciprocating ascending and descending movement, so that the water quality sensor 2 makes compound movement of ascending and descending and rotating, the cylindrical brush 7 cleans the surface of the water quality sensor 2 in all directions, and thus the accuracy of the monitoring result is improved.

[0024] In an embodiment, the cylindrical brush 7 comprises an integrated brush part 70 and a brush handle part 71, and the brush handle part 71 is internally provided with a ring-shaped cavity 17 and a plurality of air outlet holes 10 which are connected in communication; The cylindrical body 5 is provided with an air inlet pipe 8 and an air outlet pipe 9, the air inlet pipe 8 is used for conveying gas, and the air outlet pipe 9 is connected with the ring-shaped cavity 17. The gas enters the avoiding hole 50 through the air outlet pipe 9, the ring-shaped cavity 17 and the air outlet hole 10.

[0025] Thus designed, reference Figures 4-5 The air inlet pipe 8 is connected with an external air inlet device, and is used for supplying gas to the air inlet pipe 8. The gas enters the avoiding hole 50 through the air outlet pipe 9, the ring-shaped cavity 17 and the air outlet hole 10, and blows towards the surface of the cylindrical brush 7 to promote drying.

[0026] In an embodiment, the cylindrical body 5 further comprises a sealing cavity 51 in the inside thereof; the sealing cavity 51 is located above the avoiding hole 50 and connected in communication with the avoiding hole 50; the sealing cavity 51 is internally provided with a piston 16 which ascends and descends synchronously with the connecting rod 32; the air inlet pipe 8 is connected with the external atmosphere, and external air is drawn through the movement of the piston 16; the air inlet pipe 8 is provided with an air inlet one-way valve, so as to avoid the gas in the sealing cavity 51 from flowing back to the outside from the air inlet pipe 8; and the air outlet pipe 9 is provided with an air outlet one-way valve, so as to avoid the gas in the avoiding hole 50 from flowing back to the sealing cavity 51.

[0027] Thus designed, reference Figures 4-5 and Figure 7 After the water quality monitoring is completed, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to ascend to the position of the cylindrical brush 7, and the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to make reciprocating ascending and descending movement at the same time, and drives the piston 16 to make piston 16 movement in the sealing cavity 51, so as to draw external air to form air flow. The air flow blows towards the water quality sensor 2 through the air outlet holes 10, blows off the impurities on the surface of the water quality sensor 2, speeds up the drying of the surface of the water quality sensor 2, and thus the accuracy of the monitoring result is improved. The air outlet 10 is tilted downwards to blow away impurities from the bristles of the cylindrical brush 7, which improves the cleaning effect of the cylindrical brush 7 on the water quality sensor 2. An air filter is provided at the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 8 to prevent dust in the air from entering the sealed cavity 51, maintain the cleanliness of the sealed cavity 51, and prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the water quality sensor 2. After cleaning, the lifting mechanism 3 lifts the water quality sensor 2 into the sealed cavity 51 for sealing and storage, preventing dust and other impurities in the environment from adhering to the surface of the water quality sensor 2, and the cleaning components do not enter the water quality sensor 2. In order for the water quality sensor 2 to pass smoothly through the clearance hole 50 into the sealed cavity 51, the diameter of the clearance hole 50 is greater than or equal to the widest part of the water quality sensor 2 at the connection between the clearance hole 50 and the sealed cavity 51.

[0028] In one embodiment, the connecting rod 32 is made of a magnetic material, and an electromagnetic coil 18 is disposed inside the annular cavity 17 for generating heat.

[0029] This design, for reference Figure 5 After the water quality monitoring is completed, the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to rise to the cylindrical brush 7. While the lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to reciprocate up and down, the magnetic connecting rod 32 continuously moves up and down inside the electromagnetic coil 18, causing the magnetic flux in the electromagnetic coil 18 to change and generate a magnetic induction current in the electromagnetic coil 18. The current makes the electromagnetic coil 18 heat up. The external air drawn in is heated by the electromagnetic coil 18 and then blown onto the water quality sensor 2, improving the drying effect on the surface of the water quality sensor 2.

[0030] In one embodiment, the water quality sensor 2 is a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a conductivity sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0031] In one embodiment, the anode rod 40 is made of titanium-based plated with noble metal oxides, such as platinum-iridium alloy or ruthenium-iridium alloy. Titanium itself is corrosion resistant, and the noble metal coating can efficiently catalyze the electrolysis reaction and extend the electrode life. The cathode tube 41 is made of pure titanium or stainless steel.

[0032] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic coil 18 is electrically connected to a rectifier, which is electrically connected to a DC power supply.

[0033] With this design, the magnetic induction current generated in the electromagnetic coil 18 is rectified by the rectifier and stored in the DC power supply to provide electrical energy for seawater electrolysis.

[0034] In one embodiment, the floating body 1 is an air bag, a branch pipe 11 is connected between the air bag and the air outlet pipe 9, an air inlet one-way valve two is arranged on the branch pipe 11, a valve body 12 is sealingly connected to the air bag wall, a valve plate 13 is slidingly connected inside the valve body 12, a spring 14 is arranged between the valve plate 13 and the valve body 12, and a pressure relief hole 15 is formed in the valve body 12.

[0035] In this way, the piston 16 moves in the sealed cavity 51, and the extracted part of the air enters the air bag through the branch pipe 11 and the air inlet one-way valve two, so that the air bag is kept full, and the device provides stable buoyancy; when the air pressure in the air bag is greater than the spring force of the spring 14, the spring 14 is compressed, and the excess air in the air bag is discharged from the pressure relief hole 15, so as to avoid the air bag from exploding due to excessive pressure.

[0036] A use method of a water environment monitoring device, comprising the following steps: S1: The water environment monitoring device floats on the sea surface through the floating body 1; S2: The lifting mechanism 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to extend into the seawater to a predetermined depth for monitoring; S3: After the monitoring is completed, the cleaning assembly is powered to generate a hydrolysis reaction to generate hypochlorous acid, and the hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor 2; S4: After the outer spiral a of the connecting rod 32 cooperates with the inner spiral of the avoiding hole 50, the telescopic end of the telescopic device 3 reciprocatingly extends and retracts to drive the water quality sensor 2 to make a combined motion of lifting and rotating, so as to shake off the water on the surface of the water quality sensor 2 and clean the surface of the water quality sensor 2 by the cylindrical brush 7; S5: The connecting rod 32 made of magnetic material moves up and down in the electromagnetic coil 18, so that the electromagnetic coil 18 generates heat, the piston 16 moves in the sealed cavity 51 to extract external air to form an air flow, and the air flow carries the heat generated by the electromagnetic coil 18 to the water quality sensor 2 through each air outlet hole 10 to dry the water quality sensor 2; S6: After the water quality sensor 2 is cleaned and dried, the telescopic device 3 drives the water quality sensor 2 to rise into the sealed cavity 51 for storage.

[0037] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] It should be noted that if the invention embodiments involve directional indications (such as up and down), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, motion condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0039] In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the whole text includes three parallel schemes, taking "A and / or B" as an example, including A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B scheme. In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second" and the like in the invention embodiment, the description of "first", "second" and the like is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In addition, "multiple" refers to more than two.

[0040] In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, also not within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A water environment monitoring device characterized by comprising: The utility model relates to a kind of water quality monitoring device, including: Float (1); Water quality sensor (2) is used for water quality monitoring with sea water contact; Lifting mechanism (3) is arranged on float (1), for driving water quality sensor (2) to lower to sea water predetermined depth, or rise; Cleaning assembly is used for washing the outer surface of water quality sensor (2), it includes: Anode rod (40) is coaxially arranged in the lower end of water quality sensor (2) Cathode tube (41) is located on water quality sensor (2), concentrically set in anode rod (40) outside, forms a concentric circular structure electrolytic cell; DC power supply, in the state of stop detection and cleaning, its anode is electrically connected with anode rod (40), its cathode is electrically connected with cathode tube (41), hydrolysis reaction occurs after electrification electrolysis, hypochlorous acid is generated, hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of water quality sensor (2).

2. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by Vertical cylinder (5) is arranged on the float (1), the central axis of the cylinder (5) coincides with the central axis of the water quality sensor (2), the cylinder (5) includes the avoiding hole (50) in its bottom;The through hole (6) in communication with the avoiding hole (50) is formed in the float (1), and the two are coaxial; The cylinder-shaped brush (7) is arranged in the avoiding hole (50), and the lifting mechanism (3) drives the water quality sensor (2) to reciprocate along the height direction in the cylinder-shaped brush (7).

3. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The lifting mechanism (3) includes a telescopic member (30), a U-shaped rod (31) and a connecting rod (32), the telescopic member (30) is vertically arranged on the float (1), one end of the U-shaped rod (31) is connected with the driving end of the telescopic member (30), and the other end is rotatably connected with the connecting rod (32); The inner spiral is arranged above the cylinder-shaped brush (7) in the avoiding hole (50), and the outer spiral a is arranged on the end of the connecting rod (32) close to the water quality sensor (2), after the outer spiral a is engaged with the inner spiral when the connecting rod (32) is raised or lowered, the connecting rod (32) is driven to rotate.

4. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by The cylinder-shaped brush (7) includes an integral brush part (70) and a brush handle part (71), and the ring-shaped cavity (17) and a plurality of air outlets (10) are arranged in the brush handle part (71) in communication; The cylinder (5) is provided with an air inlet pipe (8) and an air outlet pipe (9), the air inlet pipe (8) is used for conveying gas, and the air outlet pipe (9) is connected with the ring-shaped cavity (17), so that the gas enters the avoiding hole (50) through the air outlet pipe (9), the ring-shaped cavity (17) and the air outlets (10).

5. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The cylinder (5) further includes a sealed cavity (51) therein, the sealed cavity (51) is located above the avoiding hole (50) and is in communication with the avoiding hole (50), and the piston (16) is arranged in the sealed cavity (51) and synchronously ascends and descends with the connecting rod (32), the air inlet pipe (8) is in communication with the external atmosphere, and the external air is drawn through the movement of the piston (16); The air inlet one-way valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe (8), and the air outlet one-way valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe (9).

6. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by The connecting rod (32) is made of magnetic material, and the electromagnetic coil (18) is arranged in the ring-shaped cavity (17) to generate heat.

7. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The water quality sensor (2) is a PH sensor or a dissolved oxygen sensor or a conductivity sensor or a temperature sensor.

8. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by The electromagnetic coil (18) is electrically connected with a rectifier, and the rectifier is electrically connected with a direct current power supply.

9. The water environment monitoring apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by The floating body (1) is an air bag, a branch pipe (11) is connected between the air bag and an air outlet pipe (9), an air inlet one-way valve two is arranged on the branch pipe (11), a valve body (12) is sealingly connected to a bag wall of the air bag, a valve plate (13) is slidingly connected to the inside of the valve body (12), a spring (14) is arranged between the valve plate (13) and the valve body (12), and a pressure relief hole (15) is formed in the valve body (12).

10. A method of using a water environment monitoring device, the method being performed using the water environment monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: the water environment monitoring device is floated on the sea surface by the floating body (1); S2: the lifting mechanism (3) drives the water quality sensor (2) to extend into seawater to a predetermined depth for monitoring; S3: after the monitoring is completed, the cleaning assembly is powered to generate a hydrolysis reaction to generate hypochlorous acid, and the hypochlorous acid diffuses to the surface of the water quality sensor (2); S4: after the outer spiral a of the connecting rod (32) is matched with the inner spiral of the avoiding hole (50), the telescopic end of the telescopic device (3) reciprocally telescopes to drive the water quality sensor (2) to make a combined motion of lifting and rotating, so as to shake off water on the surface of the water quality sensor (2) and clean the surface of the water quality sensor (2) by the cylindrical brush (7); S5: the connecting rod (32) made of a magnetic material makes a lifting motion in the electromagnetic coil (18), so that the electromagnetic coil (18) generates heat, the piston (16) makes a piston (16) motion in the sealed cavity (51), external air is drawn to form an air flow, the air flow carries heat generated by the electromagnetic coil (18) to blow to the water quality sensor (2) through each air outlet hole (10), and the water quality sensor (2) is dried; S6: after the water quality sensor (2) is cleaned and dried, the telescopic device (3) drives the water quality sensor (2) to ascend to the sealed cavity (51) for storage.

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