Transmission loss compensation method based on logging curve, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission loss compensation method based on a logging curve, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a standard AVO characteristic curve of a target exploration area; constructing an AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather; calculating a difference factor according to the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area and the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather; performing spatial smoothing on the difference factor to obtain a spatial smoothing difference factor; and performing transmission loss compensation processing according to the difference factor of the spatial smoothing to obtain compensated result gather data. Through the transmission loss compensation processing, the adverse effect of the transmission loss on the data processing is solved, and the purpose of improving the amplitude fidelity of the seismic data processing result is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing in oil and gas exploration, and more specifically, to a method for compensation of transmission loss based on well logging curves, electronic equipment, and media. Background Technology

[0002] Transmission loss specifically refers to the energy loss caused by the transmission coefficient when seismic waves pass through interfaces between different strata. When seismic waves propagate underground, they encounter interfaces between media with different wave impedances, resulting in reflection and transmission. The amplitude of the transmitted wave attenuates due to the difference in wave impedance between the media on both sides of the interface. This loss accumulates with the increase in the number of interfaces in the propagation path, and is particularly significant in deep or complex geological structures. Transmission loss weakens the effective signal while the noise level remains relatively unchanged, leading to a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio. Amplitude distortion of deep reflected signals also affects the reliability of lithological interpretation. Seismic wave transmission loss compensation technology aims to correct the energy attenuation caused by transmission during seismic wave propagation, thereby improving the amplitude fidelity of seismic exploration imaging, reducing the risks of oil, gas, and mineral exploration, and improving resource extraction efficiency.

[0003] The Paleogene strata in the Bohai Sea region are an important component of the Bohai Bay Basin, recording the tectonic activity and sedimentary evolution of the Paleogene (approximately 65-23 Ma). Characterized by rift basin sedimentary deposits, the Bohai Paleogene exhibits significant vertical differentiation in lithology and sedimentary facies. Strongly controlled by tectonic activity, it has formed multiple source-reservoir-seal assemblages, serving as a crucial carrier of oil and gas resources in the Bohai Bay Basin. The Bohai Paleogene is the core stratum for oil and gas enrichment in the Bohai Sea: the Shahejie Formation, characterized by its "self-generating and self-reservoir" structure, coexists with the Dongying Formation, which has a "lower source and upper reservoir" structure; non-tectonic traps such as fault break zones, turbidite sand bodies, and lithological pinch-outs are well-developed; and deep (Es4-Es3) shale oil and tight sandstone gas have become recent exploration hotspots. From bottom to top, the Bohai Paleogene strata are divided into the Kongdian Formation (Ek), Shahejie Formation (Es), and Dongying Formation (Ed), with significant lithological differences between the different formations. Tectonic-sedimentary response characteristics: The thickness of the Paleogene strata is significantly affected by fault activity, reaching 3000-5000 meters in the center of the depression, while thinning or disappearing in the uplift areas; driven by tectonic activity and climate change, the strata exhibit a "coarse-fine-coarse" cycle, such as the transition from deep lacustrine facies (Es3) to deltaic facies (Es2) in the Shahejie Formation; local basalt layers (such as in the Kongdian Formation) reflect magmatic activity during the rift period. The Shahejie Formation is deeply buried, geologically complex, and diverse in sedimentary types, posing significant challenges to the characterization of large-scale lithological traps and the discovery of reserves in the Paleogene. In particular, the exploration area suffers from severe transmission loss, placing higher technical requirements on the amplitude preservation processing of seismic data.

[0004] For a long time, researchers have conducted extensive research on seismic wave transmission loss compensation. Related research papers and invention patents include: predicting and compensating for transmission loss using geological models, which, combined with geological information, provides more accurate compensation, but relies heavily on model accuracy and involves complex modeling; or starting from a multi-layered elastic medium theoretical model, using a layering approach to correctly calculate transmission loss, calculating the transmission coefficient for the actual elastic parameters of a well, and using the obtained transmission coefficient to correct the transmission loss of reflected waves; or using acoustic curves to obtain the transmission coefficient to compensate for the influence of overlying strata on the seismic reflection amplitude of the main target layer; or calculating the corresponding transmission attenuation coefficients for thick and thin models using geometric and wave theories respectively, and directly using velocity spectra and seismic traces to calculate the transmission attenuation coefficients, achieving post-stack transmission loss compensation; or One approach is the AVO forward modeling method for horizontally layered media based on ray theory. This method incorporates wave propagation effects such as geometric diffusion, transmission loss, and attenuation into seismic wave propagation. The transmission coefficient is obtained by directly solving the Zoeppritz equation to describe the transmission loss. Another approach is to use a transmission loss compensation method based on variable wavelet inversion of post-stack seismic data. This involves studying a post-stack variable wavelet seismic trace model that includes transmission loss and a reflection coefficient inversion method under sparse constraints. The inverted reflection coefficient is then used to compensate for the transmission loss. A third approach is to use a phase-controlled transmission recovery technique. This involves using a gauge block to calculate the amplitude loss caused by single-layer and multi-layer conglomerate, and then establishing a differentiated amplitude compensation factor to quantitatively eliminate the influence of overlying conglomerate on the reservoir's seismic response, thus achieving quantitative recovery of the reservoir amplitude.

[0005] Long-term practical results have shown that various transmission loss compensation methods have been explored and can improve the quality of seismic data, verifying the effectiveness of these methods. However, transmission loss compensation processing of actual seismic exploration data still faces many challenges. It is necessary to overcome the fact that existing compensation methods do not consider the impact of transmission loss on well logging data (initial wave amplitude attenuation, subsequent wave train energy loss, and time difference calculation errors). It is also necessary to overcome the limitations of conventional compensation methods, which are mostly based on simplified geometric diffusion models and do not consider the influence of formation anisotropy and complex interfaces. Existing compensation methods are not adaptable to complex formations, traditional models are difficult to describe the characteristics of actual well logging curves, and the compensation coefficient calculation process lacks adaptability. Furthermore, there are many problems such as limitations of theoretical models, insufficient computational efficiency and stability, and excessive data dependence. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve transmission loss compensation methods suitable for the specific conditions of seismic data in each exploration area.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a transmission loss compensation method, electronic equipment, and medium based on well logging curves.

[0007] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a transmission loss compensation method, electronic equipment, and medium based on well logging curves. It can solve the adverse effects of transmission loss on data processing by carrying out transmission loss compensation processing, thereby improving the amplitude fidelity of seismic data processing results.

[0009] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for compensating transmission loss based on well logging curves, including:

[0010] Construct the standard AVO characteristic curve for the target exploration area;

[0011] Construct the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather;

[0012] Calculate the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) based on the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area and the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather;

[0013] Spatial smoothing is performed on the aforementioned difference factors to obtain spatially smoothed difference factors;

[0014] Based on the spatial smoothing difference factor, transmission loss compensation processing is performed to obtain the compensated result gather data.

[0015] Preferably, the standard AVO characteristic curve for the target exploration area includes:

[0016] Collect logging curves of the target exploration area, and obtain wave impedance curves, square wave converted logging curves, and composite records of typical wells;

[0017] Construct the zoeppritz forward modeling set and convert it into an amplitude envelope;

[0018] The amplitude envelope is normalized to construct a normalized AVO gather;

[0019] The normalized AVO gathers are smoothly extrapolated to establish the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area.

[0020] Preferably, constructing the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather includes:

[0021] The actual gathers are converted into amplitude envelopes to form normalized AVO gathers, and the AVO characteristic curves Robs(x,y,z,θ) of the actual gathers at each point in the exploration area are obtained.

[0022] Preferably, the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) is:

[0023] D(x,y,z,θ)=Rstd(z,θ) / Robs(x,y,z,θ)

[0024] Where Rstd(z,θ) is the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area, and Robs(x,y,z,θ) is the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather.

[0025] Preferably, the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) is subjected to three-dimensional Gaussian filtering at different angles to obtain the spatially smoothed difference factor.

[0026] Preferably, the spatial smoothing difference factor is:

[0027] D smth (x,y,z,θ)=G σx,σy,σz *D(x,y,z,θ)

[0028] Among them, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the spatial smoothing difference factor, G is the three-dimensional Gaussian kernel, and (σx,σy,σz) is the standard deviation.

[0029] Preferably, the compensated result gather data is:

[0030] Seis comp =Seis input *D smth (x,y,z,θ)

[0031] Among them, Seis input It is the actual collection of Tao, Seis comp It is the compensated result gather data, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the spatial smoothing difference factor.

[0032] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0033] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0034] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the transmission loss compensation method based on logging curves.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned transmission loss compensation method based on logging curves.

[0036] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same parts.

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a transmission loss compensation method based on well logging curves according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of logging curves from six wells within an exploration area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the wave impedance curve, square-wave logging curve, and synthetic record of a typical well in an exploration area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a zoeppritz forward set according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the amplitude envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a normalized AVO gather according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of AVO gather smooth extrapolation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of two incident angles for gradient analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0046] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of trend correction for obtaining the transmission loss compensation coefficient at a single angle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0047] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of migration gathers corresponding to different profile locations of actual seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure 11A schematic diagram of the AVO amplitude envelope before transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the AVO amplitude envelope after transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the CRP gather before transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0051] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a CRP gather after transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0053] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, three specific application examples are given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that these examples are merely for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and any specific details therein are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a transmission loss compensation method based on well logging curves according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the transmission loss compensation method based on well logging curves includes:

[0057] Step 101: Construct the standard AVO characteristic curve for the target exploration area;

[0058] Step 102: Construct the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather;

[0059] Step 103: Calculate the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) based on the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area and the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather.

[0060] Step 104: Perform spatial smoothing on the difference factors to obtain spatially smoothed difference factors;

[0061] Step 105: Perform transmission loss compensation processing based on the spatial smoothing difference factor to obtain the compensated result gather data.

[0062] In one example, the standard AVO characteristic curve for constructing a target exploration area includes:

[0063] Collect logging curves of the target exploration area, and obtain wave impedance curves, square wave converted logging curves, and synthetic records of typical wells;

[0064] Construct the zoeppritz forward modeling set and convert it into an amplitude envelope;

[0065] The amplitude envelope is normalized to construct a normalized AVO gather;

[0066] The normalized AVO gathers are smoothly extrapolated to establish the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area.

[0067] In one example, the AVO characteristic curve for constructing an actual gather includes:

[0068] The actual gathers are converted into amplitude envelopes to form normalized AVO gathers, and the AVO characteristic curves Robs(x,y,z,θ) of the actual gathers at each point in the exploration area are obtained.

[0069] In one example, the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) is:

[0070] D(x,y,z,θ)=Rstd(z,θ) / Robs(x,y,z,θ)

[0071] Where Rstd(z,θ) is the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area, and Robs(x,y,z,θ) is the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather.

[0072] In one example, the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) is subjected to a three-dimensional Gaussian filter at different angles to obtain a spatially smooth difference factor.

[0073] In one example, the spatial smoothing difference factor is:

[0074] D smth (x,y,z,θ)=G σx,σy,σz *D(x,y,z,θ)

[0075] Among them, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the spatial smoothing difference factor, G is the three-dimensional Gaussian kernel, and (σx,σy,σz) is the standard deviation.

[0076] In one example, the compensated result gather data is as follows:

[0077] Seis comp =Seis input *D smth (x,y,z,θ)

[0078] Among them, Seis input It is the actual collection of Tao, Seis comp It is the compensated result gather data, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the spatial smoothing difference factor.

[0079] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of logging curves from six wells within an exploration area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0080] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the wave impedance curve, square-wave logging curve, and synthetic record of a typical well in an exploration area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0081] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a zoeppritz forward set according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0082] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the amplitude envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0083] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a normalized AVO gather according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0084] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of AVO gather smooth extrapolation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0085] Specifically, collect logging curves for the target exploration area, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the wave impedance curves, square-wave converted logging curves, and composite records of a typical well are obtained, as follows. Figure 3 As shown. Construct as follows. Figure 4 The zoeppritz forward modeling set is shown and converted into an amplitude envelope, as follows: Figure 5 As shown; the amplitude envelope is normalized to construct a normalized AVO gather, as follows. Figure 6 As shown; the normalized AVO gathers are smoothly extrapolated to establish the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area, as follows. Figure 7 As shown, it represents the expected average AVO response trend within the work area.

[0086] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of two incident angles for gradient analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0087] Gradient analysis is performed on each incident angle representing the near and far offsets, such as... Figure 8As shown, the actual gathers are converted into amplitude envelopes to form normalized AVO gathers. The AVO characteristic curve Robs(x,y,z,θ) of the actual gathers at each point in the exploration area is obtained, which represents the actual AVO response trend at the spatial point (x,y,z,).

[0088] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of trend correction for obtaining the transmission loss compensation coefficient at a single angle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0089] like Figure 9 As shown, the observed AVO characteristic curves at each point after being affected by the overlying strata are compared with the standard AVO characteristic curve (i.e., Figure 9 The observed AVO characteristic curve is compared with the standard AVO characteristic curve to extract the differences. For each spatial point (x, y, z), the angular domain difference energy between the observed AVO characteristic curve and the standard AVO characteristic curve is calculated, which is the difference factor.

[0090] D(x,y,z,θ)=Rstd(z,θ) / Robs(x,y,z,θ)

[0091] The closer D(x,y,z,θ) is to 1, the closer the AVO characteristic at that point is to the standard curve.

[0092] A three-dimensional Gaussian filter is applied to the difference factor D(x,y,z,θ) at different angles to obtain a spatially smoothed difference factor. After smoothing, the characteristics of the oil and gas anomaly response can be preserved.

[0093] D smth (x,y,z,θ)=G σx,σy,σz *D(x,y,z,θ)

[0094] Among them, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the difference factor for spatial smoothing, G is the three-dimensional Gaussian kernel, and (σx,σy,σz) is the standard deviation used to control the smoothing range.

[0095] Transmission loss compensation is performed based on the spatial smoothing difference factor to obtain the compensated gather data:

[0096] Seis comp =Seis input *D smth (x,y,z,θ)

[0097] Among them, Seis input It is the actual collection of Tao, Seis comp It is the compensated result gather data, D smth (x,y,z,θ) is the spatial smoothing difference factor.

[0098] The purpose of this invention is to carry out transmission loss compensation processing in the target area of ​​the Shahejie Formation of the Paleogene in the Bohai Sea by adopting a method based on well logging curves to obtain the transmission loss compensation coefficient, thereby solving the adverse effects of transmission loss on data processing and improving the amplitude fidelity of seismic data processing results. This will provide reliable basic data for subsequent lithological interpretation. This technology has good application prospects in amplitude preservation processing of seismic data in similar exploration areas.

[0099] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of migration gathers corresponding to different profile locations of actual seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0100] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the AVO amplitude envelope before transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0101] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the AVO amplitude envelope after transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0102] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the CRP gather before transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0103] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a CRP gather after transmission loss compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0104] This method was applied to marine seismic exploration data, enabling the calculation of transmission loss compensation coefficient and transmission loss compensation processing based on well logging curves. Figure 10 The migration gathers corresponding to different profile locations in the actual seismic data show that there is a significant difference in deep far-field energy between locations A and B. The strong shielding layer at the shallower location at location A causes the amplitude of the deeper layers to weaken. Figure 11 For the AVO amplitude envelope before transmission loss compensation (smoothing), Figure 12 The AVO amplitude envelope after transmission loss compensation (smoothing) shows that the AVO amplitude processed by the technology of this invention is more reasonable and reliable. Figure 13 CRP gather before transmission loss compensation Figure 14 The image shows the CRP gather after transmission loss compensation. As can be seen from the comparison, the energy of deep far-channel transmission loss in the compensated CRP gather is significantly recovered.

[0105] After processing using the method of this invention, the AVO amplitude of the gathers is more reasonable and reliable, and the energy of deep long-range transmission loss in the compensated CRP gathers is significantly recovered, resulting in high fidelity of the processed results. This invention solves the technical problem of the difficulty in obtaining the transmission loss compensation coefficient, overcomes the adverse effects of strong shielding layers on processing quality, and improves the amplitude fidelity of seismic data processing results, providing reliable basic data for refined reservoir interpretation and prediction.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] This disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing executable instructions; and a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the aforementioned transmission loss compensation method based on well logging curves.

[0108] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0109] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0110] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the processor is used to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0112] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0113] Example 3

[0114] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned transmission loss compensation method based on well logging curves.

[0115] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present disclosure stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are performed.

[0116] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0117] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only intended to illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any of the examples given.

[0118] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method of transmission loss compensation based on well logs, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: constructing a standard AVO characteristic curve of a target exploration area; constructing an AVO characteristic curve of an actual gather; calculating a difference factor D(x, y, z, θ) according to the standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area and the AVO characteristic curve of the actual gather; performing spatial smoothing on the difference factor to obtain a spatially smoothed difference factor; performing transmission loss compensation processing according to the spatially smoothed difference factor to obtain compensated result gather data.

2. The well log curve based transmission loss compensation method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing a standard AVO characteristic curve of a target exploration area comprises the following steps: collecting well logging curves of the target exploration area to obtain wave impedance curves, square-wave converted well logging curves and synthetic records of typical wells; constructing a Zoeppritz forward gather and converting it into an amplitude envelope; performing normalization processing on the amplitude envelope to construct a normalized AVO gather; performing smoothing extrapolation on the normalized AVO gather to establish a standard AVO characteristic curve of the target exploration area.

3. The well log curve based transmission loss compensation method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing an AVO characteristic curve of an actual gather comprises the following steps: converting an actual gather into an amplitude envelope to form a normalized AVO gather and obtaining an AVO characteristic curve Robs(x, y, z, θ) of an actual gather at each point in the exploration area.

4. The logging curve-based transmission loss compensation method according to claim 1, wherein the difference factor D(x, y, z, θ) is: D(x, y, z, θ) = Rstd(z, θ) / Robs(x, y, z, θ) wherein Rstd(z, θ) is a standard AVO characteristic curve of a target exploration area, and Robs(x, y, z, θ) is an AVO characteristic curve of an actual gather.

5. The well log curve based transmission loss compensation method of claim 1, wherein, The difference factor D(x, y, z, θ) is angle-divided and subjected to three-dimensional Gaussian filtering to obtain the spatially smoothed difference factor.

6. The well log curve based transmission loss compensation method of claim 1, wherein, The spatially smoothed difference factor is: D smth (x,y,z,θ) = G σx,σy,σz *D(x,y,z,θ) where D smth (x, y, z, θ) is the spatially smoothed difference factor, G is a three-dimensional Gaussian kernel, and (σx, σy, σz) are the standard deviations.

7. The well log curve based transmission loss compensation method of claim 1, wherein, The compensated result gather data is: Seis comp = Seis input D smth (x, y, z, θ) where Seis input is the actual gather, Seis comp is the compensated gather data, D smth (x, y, z, θ) is the spatially smoothed difference factor.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises: a memory storing executable instructions; a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the logging curve-based transmission loss compensation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the logging curve-based transmission loss compensation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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