High-precision cutting device for coal tar fractions

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device, and relates to the technical field of coal tar separation, the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device comprises a separation box, the bottom of the inner cavity of the separation box is provided with a heating pipe for heating coal tar, the top of the heating pipe is provided with a floating plate, and the floating plate is provided with a temperature control probe for detecting the heating temperature of the coal tar; a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are arranged at the two ends of the heating pipe correspondingly, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a circulating pump, a condensation disc and a flow guide cover are arranged in the separation box, a mounting groove is formed in the condensation disc, a plurality of communicating pipes are arranged in the mounting groove, and condensation columns are arranged outside the communicating pipes; a rotatable polyhedral condensation column structure is adopted, and a transmission mechanism is matched with gear teeth, so that condensation surfaces are switched while condensation stations are switched, and fraction steam with different boiling points can be condensed on the surfaces with corresponding condensation temperatures all the time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal tar separation, in particular to a high-precision coal tar fraction cutting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal tar is a very complex black viscous liquid mixture produced in the dry distillation (coking) process of coal, and its main value lies in containing phenol, naphthalene, anthracene, and washing oil and other high-value chemicals. These components do not exist in the form of a single substance, but are enriched in different boiling point ranges according to their boiling points. This range is called "fraction". Coal tar fraction cutting is a key process step that separates coal tar into light oil, phenol oil, naphthalene oil and other narrow boiling range fractions by using the boiling point difference of each component in the mixture through the physical processes of heating and condensation.

[0003] The fraction cutting device commonly used in industry mainly relies on traditional rectification columns or kettle type distillation systems. The core heating and condensation processes are independent of each other. The bottom reboiler needs to continuously consume a large amount of energy to produce rising steam, while the overhead condenser needs to consume an equal amount of cooling medium to condense the steam. Energy cannot be efficiently recycled within the system. The condenser is prone to condensation and precipitation of fractions on the condensing coil or wall due to inaccurate surface temperature control, causing serious coking and plugging of the equipment, forcing production to be interrupted for cleaning, and affecting the continuous and stable operation of the device and production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-precision coal tar fraction cutting device to solve the problem of inconvenient separation of coal tar.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A high-precision coal tar fraction cutting device includes a separation tank, and further comprises:

[0007] A condensing disc is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the separation tank for heating coal tar. A heating pipe is provided at the top of the heating pipe. A temperature control probe is provided on the floating plate for detecting the heating temperature of the coal tar. A liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are provided at both ends of the heating pipe. A circulating pump is connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe. A condensing disc and a flow guide cover are provided inside the separation tank. An installation groove is provided inside the condensing disc. A plurality of communication pipes are provided inside the installation groove. A condensing column is provided outside the communication pipe. The cross section of each condensing column is polygonal. A condensing groove is provided on the outer surface of the condensing column for condensation. The outer surfaces of the plurality of condensing columns collectively form a continuous condensing plane.

[0008] The flow guide cover is arranged below the condensing disc, the top of the flow guide cover is provided with a plurality of collecting grooves, the outside of the condensing disc is provided with a fixing pipe, the fixing pipe is communicated with the interiors of a plurality of communicating pipes, the outside of the separation box is provided with a fixing box, the fixing box is provided with a rotating box, one end of the liquid outlet pipe penetrates into the interior of the rotating box, the outside of the rotating box is provided with a liquid discharge pipe, the top of the separation box is provided with a top cover, the top cover is provided with a gas collecting cover, and the gas collecting cover is provided with a vacuum pipe for vacuumizing.

[0009] The rotating mechanism drives the plurality of condensing columns to rotate, the vacuum pipe draws the interior of the separation box to negative pressure, the heating pipe heats the coal tar, the distillates with different boiling points are vaporized and rise in sequence, the rotating mechanism adjusts the condensing plane by driving the plurality of condensing columns to rotate, and the steam of the current target distillate condenses into liquid on the surface, and the condensing liquid drops into the corresponding collecting groove below to be collected.

[0010] Based on the technical scheme, the application further provides the following optional technical schemes.

[0011] In an optional scheme, the rotating mechanism comprises a connecting rod, a rotating gear and a gear tooth, one end of the communicating pipe penetrates into the interior of the fixing box and is provided with a rotating gear, the interior of the fixing box is provided with a plurality of gear teeth, the rotating gear is engaged with the gear teeth, and the top of the condensing disc is provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the top cover.

[0012] In an optional scheme, the bottom of the condensing disc is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a flow guide plate, the flow guide plate is provided with a flow guide groove, the bottom of the flow guide plate is provided with a fixing block, and the fixing block is provided with a top rod.

[0013] In an optional scheme, the interior of the separation box is provided with a guide block, and the guide block is provided with a guide groove matched with the top rod.

[0014] In an optional scheme, one end of the liquid discharge pipe is connected with a heating box, the interior of the heating box is filled with a high-temperature heat-conducting medium, and the heating box is communicated with the liquid inlet of the circulating pump.

[0015] In an optional scheme, the interior of the condensing disc is provided with a communicating box, and the fixing pipe is communicated with the interiors of a plurality of communicating pipes through the communicating box.

[0016] In an optional scheme, the bottom of the floating plate is provided with a pipe clamp, and the heating pipe is connected with the floating plate through the pipe clamp.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device can separate different fractions, through the setting of the floating plate and the heating pipe, the heating area always keeps synchronous downward movement with the coal tar liquid surface, avoids the risk of local dry burning and coking of the heating pipe, realizes efficient concentration of heat in the later stage of distillation, improves the thermal efficiency of heavy components, adopts a rotatable polyhedral condensing column structure, through the cooperation of the transmission mechanism and the gear, the switching of the condensing position is completed at the same time, the condensing surface is switched, so that the fraction vapor with different boiling points can always be condensed on the surface with corresponding condensing temperature, ensuring that the condensed liquid of different fractions can be introduced into independent collection tanks, solving the problem of fraction cross contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structure diagram of the floating plate in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structure diagram of the fixed box in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the fixed box in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structure diagram of the condensing disc in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structure diagram of the condensing column in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structure diagram of the guide block in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a structure diagram of the guide plate in the coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device.

[0028] Figure label annotations: 1-Separation box, 2-Top cover, 3-Gas collection hood, 4-Vacuum tube, 5-Fixed box, 501-Sliding groove, 6-Rotating box, 7-Heating box, 8-Circulating pump, 9-Inlet pipe, 10-Outlet pipe, 11-Drain pipe, 12-Guide hood, 13-Collection tank, 14-Condensation plate, 141-Installation groove, 15-Condensation column, 151-Condensation tank, 16-Float plate, 17-Temperature control probe, 18-Pipe clamp, 19-Heating tube, 20-Fixed tube, 21-Connecting tube, 22-Rotating gear, 23-Guide block, 231-Guide groove, 24-Connecting block, 25-Guide plate, 251-Guide groove, 26-Top rod, 27-Fixed block, 28-Gear tooth, 29-Connecting rod, 30-Connecting box. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1-9 As shown, a high-precision coal tar fraction cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a separation box 1, and further includes:

[0032] The condenser plate 14 contains a heating tube 19 for heating coal tar at the bottom of the inner cavity of the separation box 1. A float plate 16 is mounted on top of the heating tube 19. The heating tube 19 is a retractable spiral coil structure, capable of compression and extension within a certain range. The float plate 16 is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant lightweight material, allowing it to float above the coal tar surface and move synchronously with the rise and fall of the liquid level. When the coal tar separation process begins and the coal tar level is high, the spiral coil 19 is in the extended position. In the extended state, the coil spacing is relatively large, which can uniformly preheat a large amount of raw materials. As distillation proceeds, light and medium fractions evaporate continuously, the liquid level gradually drops, and the float 16 drops accordingly under the action of gravity and buoyancy. The heating tube 19 moves downward and compresses synchronously, which reduces the coil spacing of the spiral coil. In the later stage of distillation, the heat can be concentrated in a smaller volume, which significantly improves the evaporation efficiency of heavy components with high boiling point and high freezing point, while effectively avoiding the risk of dry burning and coking caused by the upper part of the heating tube 19 being exposed to the liquid surface.

[0033] The float plate 16 is provided with a temperature control probe 17 for detecting the heating temperature of the coal tar, providing a feedback signal for the power control of the external heating system, and the heating pipe 19 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 9 and a liquid outlet pipe 10 at both ends, and the liquid inlet pipe 9 is connected with a circulating pump 8, which pumps the external heat source (such as high-temperature heat conducting oil) into the heating pipe 19 through the liquid inlet pipe 9, and the heat conducting oil flows in the pipe and indirectly heats the coal tar through the pipe wall, and the heat conducting oil after heat exchange flows out through the liquid outlet pipe 10;

[0034] The separation tank 1 is provided with a condensing disc 14 and a flow guide cover 12 inside, the condensing disc 14 is provided with a mounting groove 141 inside, the mounting groove 141 is provided with a plurality of communication pipes 21 inside, the communication pipes 21 are provided with condensing columns 15 outside, the cross section of each condensing column 15 is a polygon, preferably, the condensing column 15 is a regular triangular prism, and the three outer surfaces of the condensing column 15 are respectively machined with condensing grooves 151 of different structures, the heat conducting oil after heat exchange flows into the inside of the condensing column 15 from the liquid outlet pipe 10, the fixed pipe 20 and the communication pipe 21, the condensing column 15 is heated, so that the condensing column 15 can be kept at a certain temperature (to prevent high freezing point fractions from freezing and blocking in the surface of the condensing disc 14 and the pipeline, for example, using cold water (20-30℃) to condense the steam (temperature may still be at 250-300℃) of these fractions, the fraction instantaneously freezes from liquid to solid, and firmly adheres to the inner wall of the condensing disc and the collection pipeline), so that different temperature heat exchange media can circulate therein, and the same side surface of a plurality of condensing columns 15 is aligned to jointly form a flat condensing plane to ensure that the rising steam can uniformly condense on the plane;

[0035] The flow guide cover 12 is arranged below the condensing disc 14, and the flow guide cover 12 is provided with a plurality of collection grooves 13 at the top, and a plurality of groups of collection grooves 13 receive fraction liquids condensed by different condensing surfaces, Figure 5As shown, one fixed pipe 20 is connected to the outlet pipe 10, and the other fixed pipe 20 is connected to the drain pipe 11. A fixed box 5 is provided outside the separation box 1, and a sliding groove 501 is provided on the fixed box 5. One end of the outlet pipe 10 passes through the interior of the rotating box 6. A drain pipe 11 is provided outside the rotating box 6. The fixed pipe 20 passes through the sliding groove 501 and is slidably engaged. A top cover 2 is provided on the top of the separation box 1, and a gas collecting hood 3 is provided on the top cover 2. The upper and lower parts of the inner cavity of the separation box 1 are connected. The gaps between the condenser columns 15 are connected. The gas collection hood 3 is equipped with a vacuum tube 4 for vacuuming. The vacuum tube 4 is connected to a vacuum pump group to establish and maintain a vacuum environment in the separation box 1, reduce the boiling point of each fraction, and prevent the material from thermally decomposing and coking at high temperature. When the steam is drawn to the vicinity of the gaps in the condenser columns 15, it will collide with the surface of the condenser column (15) with a lower temperature. The components in the steam with a boiling point higher than the temperature of the condenser surface will instantly condense on the surface of the condenser column, turn into droplets and drip down.

[0036] The rotating mechanism is used to drive multiple condenser columns 15 to rotate. The vacuum tube 4 draws the separation box 1 to negative pressure. The heating tube 19 heats the coal tar. Fractions with different boiling points vaporize and rise in sequence. The rotating mechanism adjusts the condensation plane by driving multiple condenser columns 15 to rotate. The vapor of the current target fraction condenses into liquid on this surface. The condensate drips into the corresponding collection tank 13 below for collection.

[0037] like Figures 1-9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating mechanism includes a connecting rod 29, a rotating gear 22, and gear teeth 28. One end of the connecting pipe 21 passes through the interior of the fixed box 5 and is provided with the rotating gear 22. Multiple gear teeth 28 are provided inside the fixed box 5. The rotating gear 22 meshes with the gear teeth 28. A connecting rod 29 is provided on the top of the condensing plate 14. One end of the connecting rod 29 is connected to the top cover 2. The rotating gear 22 is a complete gear with one-third of its teeth. The top cover 2 drives the entire condensing plate 14 and all its condensing columns 15 to rotate synchronously via the connecting rod 29 until the condensing surface for the desired function is rotated to the working position facing the rising steam. During the rotation of the condensing plate 14, the stationary gear teeth 28 mesh with the rotating gear 22, which revolves with the condensing plate 14. The rotating gear 22 drives the corresponding condensing column 15 to rotate 120 degrees (for the triangular prism embodiment) via the connecting pipe 21, realizing the switching between its three external condensing surfaces. Figure 6As shown, to ensure that the multiple condensing columns 15 rotate smoothly and orderly during rotation and to prevent motion interference and jamming caused by simultaneous meshing, the teeth on the rotating gear 22 adopt a staggered layout design. That is, the teeth of adjacent rotating gears 22 have a phase difference in the circumferential direction, so that at any moment when the condensing plate 14 revolves, only some of the rotating gears 22 enter an effective meshing state with the fixed teeth 28 and rotate on their own axis, while the remaining gears are in an idle state, ensuring reliable and smooth operation.

[0038] like Figures 1-9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting block 24 is provided at the bottom of the condensing plate 14, and a guide plate 25 is provided on the connecting block 24. The guide plate 25 is installed by an elastic element such as a torsion spring or a compression spring. A guide groove 251 is provided on the guide plate 25, and a fixing block 27 is provided at the bottom of the guide plate 25. A top rod 26 is provided on the fixing block 27. A guide block 23 is provided inside the separation box 1. A guide groove 231 that cooperates with the top rod 26 is provided on the guide block 23. On the inner wall of the separation box 1, for each working part of the condensing plate 14... Each workstation is equipped with a guide block 23 of different heights, and each guide block 23 has a guide groove 231. When the condensing plate 14 rotates to switch to different workstations, the push rod 26 moves accordingly and slides into the guide groove 231 of the corresponding workstation. As the condensing plate 14 is finally in place, the push rod 26 is squeezed to a predetermined position under the constraint of the guide groove 231, and transmitted to the guide plate 25 through the fixing block 27, so that it rotates around the hinge point and is fixed at a specific tilt angle. Different fractions dripping from different condensing surfaces are finally guided into the corresponding independent collection tank 13 below.

[0039] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the drain pipe 11 is connected to a heating box 7, the heating box 7 is filled with a high-temperature heat-conducting medium, and the heating box 7 is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump 8.

[0040] like Figures 1-7 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the condenser plate 14 is provided with a connecting box 30, and the fixed tube 20 is connected to the interior of a plurality of connecting tubes 21 through the connecting box 30.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the float plate 16 is provided with a pipe clamp 18, and the heating pipe 19 is connected to the float plate 16 through the pipe clamp 18.

[0042] The high-precision cutting device for coal tar fractions provided in the above embodiments of the present application injects a predetermined amount of raw coal tar into the bottom of the inner cavity of a separation box 1, seals a top cover 2, ensures the air tightness of the rotary joint and all flange connections, starts a vacuum pump group connected with a vacuum pipe 4, and reduces the boiling points of the components of the coal tar by pumping the internal pressure of the separation box 1 to and stabilizing it at a preset high vacuum degree. The circulating pump 8 and the external heating furnace are started, the high-temperature heat-conducting medium such as heat-conducting oil is pumped into the heating pipe 19 through the liquid inlet pipe 9, the indirect heating of the coal tar is started, the temperature control probe 17 on the floating plate 16 monitors the oil temperature in real time and provides feedback, the condensing disc 14 is switched to the first station, the plane low-temperature condensing surface of all the condensing columns 15 faces downward, the guide plate 25 is adjusted to the angle matching the light oil collection under the action of the corresponding guide block 23, the light oil fraction with the lowest boiling point is evaporated first, the steam rises to the condensing disc 14, is condensed into a liquid, is accurately guided into the corresponding collection groove 13 by the guide plate 25, and finally flows into the light oil product tank. When the temperature control probe 17 indicates that the light oil is basically evaporated, the condensing disc 14 is rotated as a whole to the second station. In this process, the rotating gear 22 is engaged with the gear teeth 28 to drive all the condensing columns 15 to rotate synchronously, another plane medium-temperature condensing surface is switched to the working state, the top rod 26 enters the new guide groove 231, forces the guide plate 25 to adjust to a new inclination angle, aligns with the medium oil collection groove, continues to increase the heating temperature, the medium oil fractions such as phenol oil and naphthalene oil are evaporated, and the liquid is guided into the medium oil collection groove. The heating pipe 19 is compressed with the liquid level under the driving of the floating plate 16, the heat is more concentrated, the heat-conducting oil with a higher temperature flowing out of the heating pipe 19 is transported to the inside of the condensing column 15 for heat recovery, heat energy linkage is realized, and the heating is stopped when all the distillable fractions are collected.

[0043] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device comprising a separation tank, characterized in that, Also include: The bottom of the condensing disc is provided with a heating pipe for heating coal tar, the top of the heating pipe is provided with a floating plate, the floating plate is provided with a temperature control probe for detecting the heating temperature of the coal tar, the two ends of the heating pipe are respectively provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a circulating pump at one end, the inside of the separation tank is provided with a condensing disc and a flow guide cover, the inside of the condensing disc is provided with a mounting groove, the inside of the mounting groove is provided with a plurality of communication pipes, the outside of the communication pipe is provided with a condensing column, the cross section of each condensing column is polygonal, the outer surface of the condensing column is provided with a condensing groove for condensing, and the outer surfaces of a plurality of condensing columns jointly form a continuous condensing plane; The flow guide cover is arranged below the condensing disc, the top of the flow guide cover is provided with a plurality of collection grooves, the outside of the condensing disc is provided with a fixing pipe, the fixing pipe is connected with the inside of the plurality of communication pipes, the outside of the separation tank is provided with a fixing box, the fixing box is provided with a rotating box, one end of the liquid outlet pipe penetrates into the inside of the rotating box, the outside of the rotating box is provided with a liquid discharge pipe, the top of the separation tank is provided with a top cover, the top cover is provided with a gas collecting cover, the gas collecting cover is provided with a vacuum pipe for vacuumizing; The rotating mechanism drives the plurality of condensing columns to rotate, the vacuum pipe draws the inside of the separation tank to negative pressure, the heating pipe heats the coal tar, the distillates with different boiling points are vaporized and rise in turn, the rotating mechanism adjusts the condensing plane by driving the plurality of condensing columns to rotate, and the current target distillate vapor condenses into liquid on the surface, and the condensing liquid drops into the corresponding collection groove below for collection.

2. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 1, characterized by, The rotating mechanism includes a connecting rod, a rotating gear and a gear tooth, one end of the communication pipe penetrates into the inside of the fixing box and is provided with a rotating gear, the inside of the fixing box is provided with a plurality of gear teeth, the rotating gear is engaged with the gear teeth, and the top of the condensing disc is provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the top cover.

3. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 1, characterized by, The bottom of the condensing disc is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a flow guide plate, the flow guide plate is provided with a flow guide groove, the bottom of the flow guide plate is provided with a fixing block, and the fixing block is provided with a top rod.

4. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 3, characterized by, The inside of the separation tank is provided with a guide block, and the guide block is provided with a guide groove matched with the top rod.

5. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 1, characterized by, One end of the liquid discharge pipe is connected with a heating box, the inside of the heating box is filled with high-temperature heat-conducting medium, and the heating box is connected with the liquid inlet of the circulating pump.

6. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 1, characterized by The inside of the condensing disc is provided with a communication box, and the fixing pipe is connected with the inside of the plurality of communication pipes through the communication box.

7. The coal tar fraction high-precision cutting device according to claim 6, characterized by The bottom of the floating plate is provided with a pipe clamp, and the heating pipe is connected with the floating plate through the pipe clamp.

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