Quantum computer and quantum measurement and control link

Abstract

The invention provides a quantum computer and a quantum measurement and control link, the quantum computer comprises a quantum chip and the quantum measurement and control link, and the quantum measurement and control link comprises a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; the low-temperature link part of the first-type control signal link comprises a first quantum signal element which is used for being connected to a first-type control signal input port of a corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first-type control signal link; and the low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link comprises a second quantum signal element which is the same as the first quantum signal element and is used for being connected to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link respectively. According to the application, the routing difficulty and occupied space of the low-temperature link part are reduced, and the port mapping difficulty between the lowest-temperature zone space and the cross-temperature zone space is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of quantum control, and particularly relates to a quantum computer and a quantum control link. BACKGROUND

[0002] A quantum computer can utilize quantum mechanics principles to achieve computing speed and processing capacity beyond traditional computers. A quantum computer uses quantum bits (qubits) as the basic unit of information, and performs data processing and information transmission through superposition states and entangled states of qubits. Although the potential of quantum computers is enormous, there are still many technical challenges in their practical application and development, especially in the control and measurement of qubits. Qubits are very sensitive and easily affected by external environmental interference, such as temperature, magnetic field, and other factors. In order to achieve accurate quantum computing, the state of the qubit must be accurately controlled, for example, through a complex quantum control link.

[0003] The ports of the quantum chip (e.g. led out through the quantum chip packaging box) are used to connect to the quantum control link, and the spatial distribution of these ports is interlaced, not zoned distribution, independent separation, which increases the difficulty of wiring and space occupation of the low-temperature link part of the quantum control link. At the same time, in the room temperature-low temperature link part of the quantum control link, these links may be concentrated and regular, so there is a problem of difficult port mapping between different temperature zones.

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides a quantum computer and a quantum control link to improve related technologies. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a quantum computer and a quantum control link, to reduce the difficulty of wiring and space occupation of the low-temperature link part, and to reduce the difficulty of port mapping between the lowest temperature zone space and the cross-temperature zone space.

[0006] The purpose of the present application is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a quantum computer, comprising:

[0008] a quantum chip, provided with a plurality of qubits, each qubit corresponding to a first type of control signal input port and a second type of control signal input port;

[0009] The quantum control link includes a first type of control signal link and a second type of control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; a low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link includes a first quantum signal element for connecting to a first type of control signal input port of a corresponding quantum bit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link, respectively; a low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link includes a second quantum signal element for connecting to a second type of control signal input port of a corresponding quantum bit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link, respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

[0011] In some embodiments, each quantum bit further corresponds to a read input signal input port.

[0012] The quantum control link further includes a read input signal link corresponding to one or more quantum bits, a low-temperature link part of the read input signal link including a third quantum signal element for connecting to a read input signal input port of a corresponding quantum bit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, respectively.

[0013] In some embodiments, the third quantum signal element and the first quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first type of control signal input port is used to input a quantum state control signal, and the second type of control signal input port is used to input a quantum bit frequency control signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same filter.

[0016] In some embodiments, the filter is a low-pass filter.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element employ a multi-channel integrated filter.

[0018] In some embodiments, the quantum computer further includes a dilution refrigerator including a cold plate and a magnetic shielding device for accommodating the quantum chip.

[0019] The multi-channel integrated filter is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum control link is connected to the quantum chip with different numbers of bits through the multi-channel integrated filter.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the multi-channel integrated filter:

[0021] For the plurality of channels located in the cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link is adopted; and / or,

[0022] For the plurality of channels located in the cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link is adopted.

[0023] In some embodiments, the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link adopts a linear array distribution mode or a ring distribution mode; and / or,

[0024] The room-temperature cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link adopts a linear array distribution mode or a ring distribution mode.

[0025] In some embodiments, a plug-in connection mode is adopted between the multi-channel integrated filter and the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link; and / or,

[0026] A plug-in connection mode is adopted between the multi-channel integrated filter and the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link.

[0027] In the second aspect, the application provides a quantum measurement and control link suitable for a quantum computer, wherein the quantum computer comprises the quantum measurement and control link and a quantum chip, and the quantum chip is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, each quantum bit corresponding to a first type control signal input port and a second type control signal input port;

[0028] The quantum measurement and control link comprises a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; the cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link comprises a first quantum signal element, which is used for connecting to the first type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the first type control signal link respectively; the cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link comprises a second quantum signal element, which is used for connecting to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the second type control signal link respectively;

[0029] Wherein, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

[0030] In some embodiments, each quantum bit further corresponds to a read input signal input port;

[0031] The quantum control link further comprises a read input signal link corresponding to one or more qubits, a low-temperature link part of the read input signal link comprising a third quantum signal element for connecting to a read input signal input port of a corresponding qubit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, respectively;

[0032] The third quantum signal element and the first quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first type of control signal input port is for inputting a quantum state regulation signal, and the second type of control signal input port is for inputting a qubit frequency control signal.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element adopt a multi-channel integrated filter.

[0035] In some embodiments, the quantum computer further comprises a dilution refrigerator comprising a cold plate and a magnetic shielding device for accommodating the quantum chip.

[0036] The multi-channel integrated filter is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum control link is connected to quantum chips of different bit numbers through the multi-channel integrated filter.

[0037] The present application provides a quantum computer and a quantum control link, each qubit in a quantum chip is equipped with two types of control signal input ports, which are connected to a first quantum signal element of a first type of control signal link and a second quantum signal element of a second type of control signal link, respectively. The first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are arranged to be the same, which can reduce the differentiation of the low-temperature link parts of the first type of control signal link and the second type of control signal link. On the one hand, it reduces the wiring difficulty and the occupied space of the low-temperature link part, on the other hand, it reduces the difficulty of port mapping between the low-temperature link part of the control signal link (located in the lowest temperature zone space) and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the control signal link (located in the cross-temperature zone space), thereby realizing the reduction of the overall complexity and difficulty of port mapping between the lowest temperature zone space and the cross-temperature zone space. The same quantum signal element is suitable for different types of control signal links, which reduces the overall cost and maintenance difficulty of the quantum computer. In addition, the simplified quantum control link structure also helps to reduce the physical size and thus the occupied physical space, so that the valuable lowest temperature zone space can accommodate more bit number quantum chips, and the overall structure of the quantum computer is more compact, which is convenient for integration and deployment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a quantum computer provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0040] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port and Z port are not unified) provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0041] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port and Z port are unified) provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0042] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port, Z port and read port are not unified) provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0043] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port, Z port and read port are unified) provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0044] In the figure: 101, quantum chip; 102, quantum computing measurement and control system; 103, dilution refrigerator; 104, quantum computer operating system; 201, first filter; 202, second filter; 203, third filter; 204, first attenuator; 205, second attenuator; 206, high-density interconnection system; 207, synthesizer; 301, voltage source; 302, pulse source; 303, quantum bit driving source; 304, read input signal source; 305, top flange; 306, cold plate; 401, first quantum signal element; 402, second quantum signal element; 403, third quantum signal element; 501, multi-channel integrated filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a quantum computer provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port and Z port are not unified) provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the quantum computer includes a quantum chip 101 (also called a quantum processor), a quantum computing measurement and control system 102 (including a quantum measurement and control link), a quantum computer environment support system (also called a dilution refrigerator 103), and a quantum computer operating system 104 carried on a classical computer. Among them, the dilution refrigerator 103 provides different temperature zone spaces from the room temperature zone space to the lowest temperature zone space by setting the top flange 305 and the cold disc 306, and the different temperature zone spaces are isolated, for example, by the top flange 305 and the cold disc 306.

[0049] The quantum chip 101 is arranged in the lowest temperature zone space of the dilution refrigerator 103, and the quantum computing measurement and control system 102 controls the quantum chip 101 through the quantum measurement and control link. From the temperature zone space, the quantum measurement and control link includes, for example, a room temperature link part (corresponding to the room temperature zone space), a room temperature-low temperature link part (also called a cross-temperature zone link) (corresponding to the cross-temperature zone space), and a low temperature link part (also called an ultra-low temperature link) (corresponding to the lowest temperature zone space) connected in sequence. The room temperature link part is used for signal connection from the quantum computing measurement and control system 102 to the top flange 305 of the dilution refrigerator 103 in the room temperature zone space, the room temperature-low temperature link part is used for signal connection from the top flange 305 (corresponding to the highest temperature zone space inside the dilution refrigerator 103) to the cold disc 306 (corresponding to the lowest temperature zone space) in the cross-temperature zone space, and the low temperature link part is used for signal connection from the cold disc 306 (corresponding to the lowest temperature zone space) to the quantum chip 101 (in the lowest temperature zone space).

[0050] Large-scale quantum chips (e.g., 101) require quantum control links, the number of which is typically 2-5 times the number of qubits. Classified by signal type, quantum control links include, for example, quantum state modulation signal links (also called XY control signal links), qubit frequency control signal links (also called Z control signal links), readout input signal links (also called readout in signal links), and readout feedback signal links (also called readout out signal links). As an example, one qubit requires one XY control signal link and one Z control signal link. The XY control signal is on the order of GHz, a high-frequency signal, while the Z control signal is a DC pulse signal, for example, several hundred MHz. Multiple qubits (e.g., 5) can share a single readout input signal link. Multiple qubits (e.g., 5) can share a single readout feedback signal link.

[0051] From a hardware perspective, a quantum measurement and control link includes, for example, a signal transmission line and quantum signal elements installed on the signal transmission line. Quantum signal elements include, for example, attenuators, filters, circulators, parametric amplifiers, etc.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the quantum measurement and control link includes, for example, the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link, the input signal reading link, and the feedback signal reading link (not shown in the figure).

[0053] The cryogenic link portion of the XY control signal link includes, for example, a first filter 201 and a first attenuator 204. The room-temperature cryogenic link portion of the XY control signal link includes, for example, quantum signal elements such as attenuators. The room-temperature link portion of the XY control signal link includes, for example, a quantum bit drive source 303. The first filter 201 can be a high-frequency filter, and may be a low-pass filter, allowing signals with a frequency of 6 GHz to pass through. The first attenuator 204 introduces attenuation in decibels, for example, 15 dB, 20 dB, 25 dB, etc., which can be selected according to the needs of the actual application.

[0054] The cryogenic link portion of the Z-control signal link includes, for example, a second filter 202. The room-temperature cryogenic link portion of the Z-control signal link includes, for example, quantum signal elements such as attenuators. The room-temperature link portion of the Z-control signal link includes, for example, a voltage source 301 (Flux offset source), a pulse source 302 (Flux pulse source), and a synthesizer 207. The second filter 202 can be a low-pass filter, allowing signals with a frequency of 500MHz to pass through.

[0055] The low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, for example, includes a third filter 203 and a second attenuator 205. The room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, for example, includes a quantum signal element such as an attenuator. The room-temperature link part of the read input signal link, for example, includes a read input signal source 304. The third filter 203 can be a high-frequency filter, and can be a low-pass filter that allows signals with a frequency of 8 GHz to pass through. The second attenuator 205 introduces an attenuation in decibels, for example, 35 dB, 40 dB, 45 dB, etc., which can be selected as needed in actual applications.

[0056] The low-temperature link part of the read feedback signal link, for example, includes a circulator and a parametric amplifier (e.g., J-Amp, Josephson parametric amplifier) and the like. The room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read feedback signal link, for example, includes a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) and an attenuator. The circulator is a magnetic component, and the magnetic field generated thereby can affect the quantum chip 101 and the parametric amplifier. Given the isolation requirement of the read feedback signal link, a circulator with high isolation is often needed, and the higher the isolation of the circulator, the stronger the magnetism, and the stronger the influence of strong magnetic noise on the parametric amplifier and the quantum chip 101.

[0057] For example, a 100-bit quantum chip 101 is arranged on a wafer with an X-inch diameter, and the corresponding quantum chip packaging box has a volume of X. The structure is shown in Figure 1 As an example, a 100-bit quantum chip 101 requires at least 200 control signal links and 20 read input signal links, and the spatial distribution of the ports leading out of the quantum chip packaging box for connecting these links is interlaced, rather than being distributed in zones and separated independently, which increases the difficulty of wiring and the space occupied by the low-temperature link part. At the same time, in the room-temperature low-temperature link part, the XY control signal links and the Z control signal links can be concentrated and regular, such as 144 XY control signal links arranged in a 12x12 square matrix and 169 Z control signal links arranged in a 13x13 square matrix. As shown in Figure 2As shown, the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link and the read input signal link can adopt the high-density interconnection system 206, facilitating signal connection across the temperature zone space and the room-temperature zone space, the lowest-temperature zone space respectively. The high-density interconnection system 206 includes a plurality of interconnection lines distributed in high density. When the number of wire bundles of the interconnection lines is large, the high-density interconnection system 206 can include one or more high-density interconnection subsystems (also referred to as high-density microwave interconnection modules) to improve the situation that the physical space provided by a single subsystem is insufficient. The room-temperature cryogenic link part of the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link and the read input signal link adopts the high-density microwave interconnection module, so that the room-temperature cryogenic link part of the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link and the read input signal link is unified, reducing the differentiation of the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link and the read input signal link inside the dilution refrigerator 103, and also reducing the difficulty of port mapping between the room-temperature cryogenic link part and the cryogenic link part.

[0058] The cryogenic link part of the quantum measurement and control link faces the problems of space utilization of physical space, magnetic noise suppression of the circulator and performance guarantee demand of the quantum chip 101 and the parametric amplifier when being set. On the other hand, one end of the cryogenic link part of the quantum measurement and control link needs to be matched to the quantum chip packaging box located in the limited physical space (i.e., the lowest-temperature zone space), and the other end needs to be matched to the end of the room-temperature cryogenic link part (e.g., the high-density interconnection system 206) close to the cold plate 306, and the whole exists the problems of small physical space, large number of quantum signal elements, large operation difficulty, large operation workload and difficult port mapping between the temperature zones.

[0059] In view of the problems in the related art, the present application sets a multi-channel integrated filter 501, and the filter of each channel can be used to process the quantum state control signal (i.e., the XY control signal) and the quantum bit frequency control signal (i.e., the Z control signal), that is, the quantum signal elements of the cryogenic link part of the XY control signal link are consistent with the quantum signal elements of the cryogenic link part of the Z control signal link, thereby reducing the differentiation of the XY control signal link and the Z control signal link and reducing the difficulty of port mapping when operating. Further, the quantum signal elements of the cryogenic link part of the XY control signal link, the quantum signal elements of the cryogenic link part of the Z control signal link and the quantum signal elements of the cryogenic link part of the read input signal link can also be consistent, thereby reducing the differentiation of the XY control signal link, the Z control signal link and the read input signal link and reducing the difficulty of port mapping between the room-temperature cryogenic link part and the cryogenic link part.

[0060] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below.

[0061] It should be noted that although some embodiments of the present application take the quantum chip 101 as an example, the present application can be applied to other quantum computing devices, such as quantum computing simulation devices, and the present application does not limit this.

[0062] In order to effectively manage the transmission and port connection of different types of control signals in the quantum computer, the same quantum signal element can be used to process two different types of control signals, thereby reducing the difficulty of port mapping between different temperature zones.

[0063] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port and Z port unified) provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] The quantum computer provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a quantum chip 101 and a quantum measurement and control link. The quantum chip 101 is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, and each quantum bit corresponds to a first type control signal input port and a second type control signal input port. The quantum measurement and control link includes a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit. The low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link includes a first quantum signal element 401, and the first quantum signal element 401 is used to be connected to the first type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link respectively. The low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link includes a second quantum signal element 402, and the second quantum signal element 402 is used to be connected to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link respectively. Wherein, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 are the same quantum signal element.

[0065] In some embodiments, the quantum computer can be a superconducting quantum computer or a semiconductor quantum computer, and accordingly, the quantum chip 101 can be a superconducting quantum chip or a semiconductor quantum chip.

[0066] A plurality of qubits can be disposed on the quantum chip 101. The quantum chip 101 is responsible for performing quantum operations. Qubits are operated through quantum gates to achieve complex quantum calculations. In this article, a port can be understood as a hardware port or a hardware interface. The control signal input port is a port on the quantum chip 101, including a first type of control signal input port (for example, an XY control signal input port, which can be referred to as an XY port) and a second type of control signal input port (for example, a Z control signal input port, which can be referred to as a Z port), which respectively receive different control signals, i.e., a first type of control signal (for example, an XY control signal) and a second type of control signal (for example, a Z control signal), to ensure accurate manipulation of qubits.

[0067] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the types of control signals, which may, for example, include quantum state control signals (for example, XY control signals) and qubit frequency control signals (for example, Z control signals). The quantum measurement and control link is a communication link between the quantum computing measurement and control system 102 and the quantum chip 101, responsible for delivering control signals, reading input signals to the quantum chip 101, and receiving read feedback signals from the quantum chip 101, etc., including a first type of control signal link and a second type of control signal link, and can also include a read input signal link, a read feedback signal link, etc. The quantum measurement and control link ensures stable transmission of various signals between the quantum computing measurement and control system 102 and the quantum chip 101. Quantum signal elements are located on the signal transmission line of the quantum measurement and control link, for example, including various filters, attenuators, circulators, parametric amplifiers, etc.

[0068] In the above embodiments, each qubit in the quantum chip 101 is equipped with two types of control signal input ports (i.e., a first type of control signal input port and a second type of control signal input port), which are respectively connected to a first quantum signal element 401 of the first type of control signal link and a second quantum signal element 402 of the second type of control signal link. The low-temperature link portion of the first control signal link is also connected to the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the first control signal link through the first quantum signal element 401, and the low-temperature link portion of the second control signal link is also connected to the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the second control signal link through the second quantum signal element 402.

[0069] The first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 are set to be consistent (for example, the same filter is used), which can reduce the difference between the low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link and the low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link. On the one hand, the wiring difficulty and the occupied space of the low-temperature link part are reduced. On the other hand, the port mapping difficulty between the low-temperature link part (located in the lowest temperature zone space) and the room-temperature low-temperature link part (located in the cross-temperature zone space) is reduced, that is, the port mapping difficulty between the lowest temperature zone space and the cross-temperature zone space is reduced. The first type control signal link and the second type control signal link use the same quantum signal element, which is suitable for different types of control signal links, thereby reducing the overall cost and maintenance difficulty of the quantum computer. In addition, the simplified quantum measurement and control link structure also helps to reduce the physical size and thus the occupied physical space, so that the valuable lowest temperature zone space can accommodate more quantum chips 101 with a larger number of bits, and the overall structure of the quantum computer is more compact, facilitating integration and deployment.

[0070] The quantum computer structure design in the above embodiments reduces the port mapping difficulty between the lowest temperature zone space and the cross-temperature zone space. Port mapping refers to the process of connecting hardware ports (for example, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 of the low-temperature link part) with external elements (for example, the room-temperature low-temperature link part) at the physical or logical level. The first type control signal link and the second type control signal link use the same quantum signal element (for example, the same type of filter, attenuator, etc.), which means that the parts used to connect with external elements of the two different functional control signal links are uniform in technology and physical characteristics. In related technologies, different types of control signal links use different quantum signal elements, and the designer needs to configure ports and perform corresponding circuit design for each type of control signal link, which not only increases the complexity of design, but also may cause errors in actual manufacturing and maintenance. When the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 of the low-temperature link part are the same, the port design of the low-temperature link part of the two control signal links can be unified, and the corresponding ports on the room-temperature low-temperature link part of these links and the quantum chip 101 can be designed to match, thereby simplifying the overall wiring and port configuration. In summary, by unifying the quantum signal elements of the two types of control signal links, the number of variables and complexity in the design are reduced, making the entire quantum computer more concise, easy to produce and maintain, and improving the reliability and performance of the quantum computer.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first type control signal input port can be used to input a quantum state regulation signal, and the second type control signal input port can be used to input a quantum bit frequency control signal.

[0072] The quantum state control signal is used to operate and adjust the quantum state of the quantum bit, for example, to realize the conversion of the quantum bit from the ground state to the excited state or the superposition between different quantum states. As an example, the quantum state control signal can include a high frequency signal of the order of GHz (for example, 6GHz), for example, provided using the quantum bit driving source 303. The quantum bit frequency control signal is used to adjust the quantum bit frequency, for example, the quantum bit frequency control signal can include a signal of the order of MHz (for example, 500MHz), including a direct current pulse signal and a bias voltage signal, for example, provided using the pulse source 302 and the voltage source 301.

[0073] In the above embodiment, each quantum bit is equipped with two types of control signal input ports, which respectively handle different control requirements: the first type of control signal input port is used to receive the quantum state control signal, and the second type of control signal input port is used to receive the quantum bit frequency control signal. The same quantum signal element is used to process the two types of control signals in the low-temperature link part of the quantum control link, which can adapt to different types of control signal processing requirements, and through appropriate material selection and parameter configuration, it is ensured that each type of control signal is transmitted and processed under optimal conditions.

[0074] The above embodiment reduces the complexity and manufacturing cost of hardware design, so that the same quantum signal element can be applied to different types of control signal processing tasks, not only simplifying the production process, but also reducing the difficulty of maintenance and upgrading. Secondly, this design facilitates the reduction of physical size through reasonable structural design, making the quantum computer more compact.

[0075] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port, Z port and read port are not unified) provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a quantum computer (XY port, Z port and read port are unified) provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] In some embodiments, each qubit can also correspond to a read input signal input port (shortened as read port) and a read feedback signal output port, and the quantum control link can further include a read input signal link and a read feedback signal link corresponding to one or more qubits. The low-temperature link part of the read input signal link can include a third quantum signal element 403 for connecting to the read input signal input port of the corresponding qubit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, respectively. The low-temperature link part of the read feedback signal link can include a fourth quantum signal element for connecting to the read feedback signal output port of the corresponding qubit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read feedback signal link, respectively. As an example, the third quantum signal element 403 and the first quantum signal element 401 can be the same quantum signal element (e.g., can be the same filter), and the fourth quantum signal element can include a circulator, a parametric amplifier, etc.

[0077] It should be noted that each read input signal link can correspond to one or more qubits, which means that each read input signal link can be used to input a read input signal to one or more qubits. Similarly, each read feedback signal link can correspond to one or more qubits, which means that each read feedback signal link can be used to receive a read feedback signal output by one or more qubits. In some embodiments, the number of qubits sharing a read input signal link and a read feedback signal link can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, etc. As an example, each read input signal link can correspond to 5 qubits, and each read feedback signal link can correspond to 5 qubits.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 can be the same filter. In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element 401, the second quantum signal element 402, and the third quantum signal element 403 can be the same filter. A filter is used to limit the frequency range of signals passing through. According to needs, the filter can be a low-pass filter (only allowing signals below a certain frequency to pass), a high-pass filter (only allowing signals above a certain frequency to pass), a band-pass filter (only allowing signals within a certain frequency range to pass), or a band-stop filter (blocking signals within a certain frequency range from passing), etc.

[0079] In some embodiments, the filter can be a low-pass filter. A low-pass filter only allows signals below a certain frequency to pass, blocks signals above a certain frequency, and can be used to smooth the output signal and remove high-frequency noise.

[0080] As Figure 3As shown, in order to simplify the structural design and reduce the number of components while maintaining the efficient and accurate transmission of quantum control links, in some embodiments, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 can adopt a multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0081] The multi-channel integrated filter 501 integrates multiple channels, each of which can process both the first type of control signal (e.g., a quantum state control signal of GHz level) and the second type of control signal (e.g., a quantum bit frequency control signal of MHz level). This design allows a single device (i.e., the multi-channel integrated filter 501) to process multiple control signals of different frequencies simultaneously, improving the functionality and efficiency of the device.

[0082] In some embodiments, in the multi-channel integrated filter 501, each channel can correspond to an infrared filter, and each infrared filter includes an elongated conductor and a wave-absorbing material wrapped outside the conductor. By reasonably selecting the parameters of the wave-absorbing material (e.g., length, cross-sectional area, material, etc.), the infrared filter can work at low temperature and maintain good heat conduction performance, and also have a wide wave-absorbing characteristic. In some embodiments, the correspondence between the wave-absorbing frequency range of the infrared filter and the configuration of the wave-absorbing material parameters can be pre-calibrated through a large number of experiments in a calibration manner. In actual applications, the corresponding wave-absorbing performance can be achieved by selecting the appropriate wave-absorbing material parameters according to the specific attenuation requirements. As an example, the infrared filter can make a signal of 500MHz frequency almost not attenuated (e.g., the attenuation is controlled within 2dB), a signal of 4GHz frequency attenuated by 20dB, a signal of 6GHz frequency attenuated by 30dB (which can be the same or similar to the attenuation amount of the first attenuator 204), and a signal of 8GHz frequency attenuated by 40dB (which is the same or similar to the attenuation amount of the second attenuator 205); by adjusting the wave-absorbing material parameters (e.g., length, cross-sectional area, material, etc.) in the infrared filter, it can meet the above requirements.

[0083] By using a multi-channel integrated filter 501, where each channel employs the same filter element (e.g., an infrared filter), different types of control signals input to the quantum chip 101 can be processed uniformly. In the above embodiment, the multi-channel integrated filter 501 integrates multiple identical filter elements, and each channel can independently process different control signals (including quantum state modulation signals and quantum bit frequency control signals). This design allows the multi-channel integrated filter 501 to be shared across multiple control signal links, simplifying the hardware requirements of the link structure design, reducing the port mapping difficulty between the cryogenic link section and the room temperature cryogenic link section of the control signal link, and reducing the connection matching difficulty between the cryogenic link section and the quantum chip 101, thereby reducing the complexity of the structural design and production costs. Furthermore, the multi-channel integrated filter 501 can replace multiple separately configured filter elements, thereby further reducing the required physical space and the number of components.

[0084] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the first quantum signal element 401, the second quantum signal element 402, and the third quantum signal element 403 can employ a multi-channel integrated filter 501. That is, each channel can be used to process different types of control signals (e.g., quantum state modulation signals and qubit frequency control signals) and readout input signals (e.g., GHz-level readout input signals). This further allows the multi-channel integrated filter 501 to be shared on both the control signal link and the readout input signal link, further simplifying the hardware requirements of the link structure design. It also reduces the port mapping difficulty between the cryogenic link section and the room-temperature cryogenic link section of the quantum measurement and control link, as well as the connection matching difficulty between the cryogenic link section and the quantum chip 101. This further reduces the complexity of the structural design and production costs, and further reduces the required physical space and the number of components.

[0085] In some embodiments, the quantum computer may further include a dilution refrigerator 103, which includes a cold plate 306 and a magnetic shielding device for housing the quantum chip 101; the multi-channel integrated filter 501 is disposed on the magnetic shielding device so that the quantum measurement and control link is connected to the quantum chip 101 with different numbers of bits through the multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0086] The dilution refrigerator 103 provides a near-absolute-zero cryogenic environment for the quantum chip 101, enabling quantum computing. The cold plate 306 is used to practically cool objects or systems to extremely low temperatures (e.g., 30 mK). Magnetic shielding is used to reduce or eliminate interference from external magnetic fields on the quantum chip 101.

[0087] In the above embodiment, the dilution refrigerator 103 provides a low-temperature environment required by the quantum computer, and the magnetic shielding device protects the quantum chip 101 from or less external electromagnetic interference. The multi-channel integrated filter 501 can be arranged on the magnetic shielding device and connected to the quantum chip 101. This configuration enables the quantum control link to transmit control signals to the quantum chip 101 through the multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0088] The multi-channel integrated filter 501 can be arranged on the magnetic shielding device outside the quantum chip 101 as a switching port, which separates part or all of the filters in the low-temperature link part, such as the multiple control signal links (which can also include the read input signal link), as a separate part, and on this basis, the distribution of the switching port can be consistent (or matched) with the distribution of the high-density interconnection lines of the room-temperature low-temperature link part. The above embodiment arranges the multi-channel integrated filter 501 on the magnetic shielding device as a switching port between the quantum control link and the quantum chip 101, which reduces the difficulty of direct link matching of the quantum control link around the quantum chip package box. Secondly, since the switching port is a multi-channel integrated filter 501, and each channel of the multi-channel integrated filter 501 uses a consistent quantum signal element, the degree of differentiation of the switching port is reduced, so that the switching port on the magnetic shielding device can be standardized to better match the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the quantum control link, facilitating the plug-in interconnection between the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature low-temperature link part. In addition, the arrangement of the switching port enables the quantum control link to better match different quantum chips 101 without the need to match a set of quantum control links for each quantum chip 101.

[0089] In some embodiments, in the multi-channel integrated filter 501: for multiple channels located in the low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link can be used. In some embodiments, for multiple channels located in the low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link can be used. In some embodiments, for multiple channels located in the low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link can be used.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the design of the multi-channel integrated filter 501 ensures that the channel distribution (or layout) of the low-temperature link portion of the first-type control signal link, the second-type control signal link, and the read input signal link can match the channel distribution of the corresponding room-temperature low-temperature link portion. This means that the distribution configuration of each filter channel specifically corresponds to the specific distribution of the upstream signal transmission path. For example, if the first-type control signal link adopts a specific layout in the room-temperature low-temperature portion to optimize signal transmission, the corresponding channels in the low-temperature portion also adopt this layout. This consistent layout method not only simplifies the overall structural design, but also optimizes the flow of signals, helps to reduce possible signal loss or interference at the port, improves the overall stability and transmission efficiency of the signal, and ensures the matching and continuity of the signal during the entire transmission process.

[0091] In some embodiments, the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the first-type control signal link can adopt a linear array distribution or a ring distribution. In some embodiments, the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the second-type control signal link can adopt a linear array distribution or a ring distribution. In some embodiments, the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the read input signal link can adopt a linear array distribution or a ring distribution.

[0092] wherein the linear array is, for example, an MxN rectangular array, and M and N are positive integers. As an example, the linear array can be a square array (i.e., a square array).

[0093] For example, the first-type control signal link is an XY control signal link, and the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the 144 XY control signal links can be arranged in a 12x12 square array. The second-type control signal link is a Z control signal link, and the room-temperature low-temperature link portion of the 169 Z control signal links can be arranged in a 13x13 square array. Accordingly, in the multi-channel integrated filter 501, the 144 channels in the low-temperature link portion of the 144 XY control signal links can be arranged in a 12x12 square array, and the 169 channels in the low-temperature link portion of the 169 Z control signal links can be arranged in a 13x13 square array.

[0094] To effectively manage the transmission of control signals and read input signals in the complex temperature control environment of a quantum computer and ensure that these signals can be reliably and stably transmitted in the transition from room temperature to low temperature, a plug-in connection method can be used to simplify the ports between the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part, improve the flexibility of signal connection and the convenience of maintenance. In some embodiments, a plug-in connection method can be used between the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link. In some embodiments, a plug-in connection method can be used between the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link. In some embodiments, a plug-in connection method can be used between the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the read input signal link.

[0095] The plug-in connection method is, for example, connecting one component (e.g., the multi-channel integrated filter 501) to another component (e.g., the high-density interconnection system 206) in the form of a plug and a socket, facilitating quick installation and maintenance.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the multi-channel integrated filter 501 is connected to the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions of the first-type control signal links, the second-type control signal links, and the read-in input signal links through plug-in connection. Specifically, the plurality of channels in the multi-channel integrated filter 501 corresponding to the first-type control signal links are connected to the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions of the corresponding first-type control signal links, the plurality of channels in the multi-channel integrated filter 501 corresponding to the second-type control signal links are connected to the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions of the corresponding second-type control signal links, and the plurality of channels in the multi-channel integrated filter 501 corresponding to the read-in input signal links are connected to the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions of the corresponding read-in input signal links. This connection mode allows the same multi-channel integrated filter 501 to be quickly connected to and detached from the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions in different quantum measurement and control links, enabling the same multi-channel integrated filter 501 to be quickly switched between different quantum measurement and control links without complex manual wiring. Plug-in connection provides an efficient and low-error-rate method to ensure the stability and accuracy of control signals during transmission from the cross-temperature-space to the lowest-temperature-space. Through physical plugging and unplugging operations, relevant components can be easily maintained or replaced while maintaining overall operational efficiency and reliability. When the multi-channel integrated filter 501 or the room-temperature-to-cryogenic link portions need to be maintained or replaced, the two can be quickly separated without complex tools, allowing for quick maintenance of specific components or replacement of corresponding backup components, reducing system (i.e., quantum computer system) downtime. Second, plug-in connection improves the reliability of signal connection, ensuring accurate signal transmission and reducing errors or data loss caused by connection problems. In addition, this method facilitates the implementation of standardized connection ports, reducing design and production complexity, contributing to the mass production and popularization of quantum computers and improving the application prospects of quantum computers.

[0097] As shown in Figure 3 the embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum computer, comprising a quantum chip 101, a quantum measurement and control link, and a dilution refrigerator 103.

[0098] The quantum chip 101 is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, each quantum bit corresponding to a first-type control signal input port and a second-type control signal input port. The first-type control signal input port is used to input a quantum state control signal (e.g., an XY control signal), and the second-type control signal input port is used to input a quantum bit frequency control signal (e.g., a Z control signal).

[0099] The quantum control link includes a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; the low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link includes a first quantum signal element 401, which is used to be connected to the first type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link respectively; the low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link includes a second quantum signal element 402, which is used to be connected to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link respectively. Wherein, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 are the same low-pass filter, and a multi-channel integrated filter 501 is adopted.

[0100] The dilution refrigerator 103 includes a cold plate 306 and a magnetic shielding device. The magnetic shielding device is used to accommodate the quantum chip 101. The multi-channel integrated filter 501 in the quantum control link is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum control link is connected to the quantum chip 101 with different bit numbers (for example, 72, 128, 256, etc.) through the multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0101] In order to facilitate the realization of interconnection between different temperature zones, the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link adopts a linear array distribution manner; the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link adopts a linear array distribution manner. Correspondingly, in the multi-channel integrated filter 501: for the multiple channels located in the low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link, a linear array distribution manner matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link is adopted; for the multiple channels located in the low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link, a linear array distribution manner matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link is adopted. And, the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link adopt a plug-in connection manner; the multi-channel integrated filter 501 and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link adopt a plug-in connection manner.

[0102] The above embodiments improve the configuration of quantum control links and quantum signal elements by setting consistent quantum signal elements into a multi-channel integrated structure (i.e., multi-channel integrated filter 501) to improve the efficiency and maintainability of the overall system. By introducing a multi-channel integrated filter 501 in the quantum computer, each channel can be used to process XY control signals and Z control signals simultaneously. This integrated design significantly reduces the physical space required by the device, making the quantum computer more compact and facilitating the deployment of more qubits and quantum signal elements within limited physical space. Due to the use of uniform quantum signal elements, the differences between control signal links are reduced, making the port mapping process in different temperature zones simpler and reducing the complexity and overall difficulty during system assembly and maintenance. The uniform ports and quantum signal elements also mean that potential problems caused by configuration errors are reduced, improving the reliability of the system. In the design of the multi-channel integrated filter 501, a heat dissipation path can be designed for the multi-channel integrated filter 501, thereby achieving fine-grained heat dissipation control, which helps to effectively control heat dissipation in a low-temperature operating environment, maintains the stability of the quantum computer, maintains the performance of the qubits, and reduces errors caused by temperature fluctuations. The multi-channel integrated filter 501 is installed on the magnetic shielding device outside the quantum chip 101 and serves as a switching port, making it easier to connect and replace the entire quantum control link with the quantum chip 101. In addition, this design makes the plug-in interconnection between different temperature zones more standardized, facilitating quick deployment and troubleshooting. By using the multi-channel integrated filter 501, the quantum control link can better adapt to different quantum chips 101, eliminating the need to configure a separate set of quantum control links for each quantum chip 101, reducing the cost and complexity of customizing hardware for a specific quantum chip 101.

[0103] The embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum measurement and control link, which is suitable for a quantum computer, and the quantum computer comprises the quantum measurement and control link and a quantum chip 101, the quantum chip 101 is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, and each quantum bit corresponds to a first type control signal input port and a second type control signal input port. The quantum measurement and control link comprises a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; a low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link comprises a first quantum signal element 401, and the first quantum signal element 401 is used for being connected to the first type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link respectively; a low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link comprises a second quantum signal element 402, and the second quantum signal element 402 is used for being connected to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and a room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link respectively. Wherein, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 are the same quantum signal element.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first type control signal input port can be used for inputting a quantum state regulation signal, and the second type control signal input port can be used for inputting a quantum bit frequency control signal.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first quantum signal element 401 and the second quantum signal element 402 can adopt a multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0106] In some embodiments, the quantum computer can further comprise a dilution refrigerator 103, the dilution refrigerator 103 comprises a cold plate 306 and a magnetic shielding device, and the magnetic shielding device is used for accommodating the quantum chip 101; the multi-channel integrated filter 501 is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum measurement and control link is connected to the quantum chip 101 with different bit numbers through the multi-channel integrated filter 501.

[0107] It can be understood that the specific examples in the specification are only to help those skilled in the art better understand the embodiments of the present application, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0108] It can be understood that the various embodiments described in the specification can be implemented alone or in combination, and the present application does not limit this.

[0109] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this specification belongs. The terminology used in the specification is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the specification. The use herein of the terms "and / or" and "at least one of" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0110] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of each embodiment described above can refer to the corresponding process in other embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0111] In several embodiments provided in the specification, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented by other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed mutual units can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some ports, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0112] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the specification can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0113] The above is only a specific implementation of the specification, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the specification, which should be covered within the protection scope of the specification. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A quantum computer, characterized by, The quantum chip is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, each quantum bit corresponding to a first type of control signal input port and a second type of control signal input port. The quantum measurement and control link includes a first type of control signal link and a second type of control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; the low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link includes a first quantum signal element, which is used to be connected to the first type of control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link respectively; the low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link includes a second quantum signal element, which is used to be connected to the second type of control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link respectively; Wherein, the first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element. Each quantum bit also corresponds to a read input signal input port; 2. The quantum computer of claim 1, wherein, The quantum measurement and control link further includes a read input signal link corresponding to one or more quantum bits, and the low-temperature link part of the read input signal link includes a third quantum signal element, which is used to be connected to the read input signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the read input signal link respectively; Wherein, the third quantum signal element and the first quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element. The first type of control signal input port is used to input a quantum state control signal, and the second type of control signal input port is used to input a quantum bit frequency control signal.

3. The quantum computer of claim 1, wherein, The first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same filter.

4. The quantum computer of claim 3, wherein, The first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element adopt a multi-channel integrated filter.

5. The quantum computer of claim 3, wherein, The quantum computer further includes a dilution refrigerator, the dilution refrigerator includes a cold plate and a magnetic shielding device, the magnetic shielding device is used to accommodate the quantum chip; 6. The quantum computer of claim 5, wherein, The multi-channel integrated filter is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum measurement and control link is connected to the quantum chip with different bit numbers through the multi-channel integrated filter. In the multi-channel integrated filter:

7. The quantum computer of claim 5 or 6, wherein, For a plurality of channels located in the low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link is adopted; And / or, For a plurality of channels located in the low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link, a distribution mode matched with the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link is adopted. The room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link adopts a linear array distribution mode or a ring distribution mode; and / or, 8. The quantum computer of claim 7, wherein, The room-temperature low-temperature link part of the second type of control signal link adopts a linear array distribution mode or a ring distribution mode. The multi-channel integrated filter and the room-temperature low-temperature link part of the first type of control signal link adopt a plug-in connection mode; and / or, 9. The quantum computer of claim 7, wherein, ​ The multi-channel integrated filter is connected to the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link in a plug-in manner.

10. A quantum telemetry link, comprising: The quantum computer is suitable for quantum computers, and the quantum computer comprises the quantum control link and a quantum chip, and the quantum chip is provided with a plurality of quantum bits, and each quantum bit corresponds to a first type control signal input port and a second type control signal input port. The quantum control link comprises a first type control signal link and a second type control signal link corresponding to each quantum bit; the low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link comprises a first quantum signal element, and the first quantum signal element is used for connecting to the first type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the first type control signal link, respectively; the low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link comprises a second quantum signal element, and the second quantum signal element is used for connecting to the second type control signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the second type control signal link, respectively; The first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

11. The quantum measurement and control link of claim 10, wherein, Each quantum bit also corresponds to a read input signal input port; The quantum control link further comprises a read input signal link corresponding to one or more quantum bits, and the low-temperature link part of the read input signal link comprises a third quantum signal element, and the third quantum signal element is used for connecting to the read input signal input port of the corresponding quantum bit and the room-temperature-to-low-temperature link part of the read input signal link, respectively; The third quantum signal element and the first quantum signal element are the same quantum signal element.

12. The quantum measurement and control link of claim 10, wherein, The first type control signal input port is used for inputting a quantum state control signal, and the second type control signal input port is used for inputting a quantum bit frequency control signal.

13. The quantum measurement and control link of claim 12, wherein, The first quantum signal element and the second quantum signal element adopt a multi-channel integrated filter.

14. The quantum measurement and control link of claim 13, wherein, The quantum computer further comprises a dilution refrigerator, and the dilution refrigerator comprises a cold plate and a magnetic shielding device, and the magnetic shielding device is used for accommodating the quantum chip; The multi-channel integrated filter is arranged on the magnetic shielding device, so that the quantum control link is connected to the quantum chip with different numbers of bits through the multi-channel integrated filter.

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